Honours and awards

Here is a brief description of the honours and awards mentioned throughout On Windswept Heights II.

If an individual’s award is annotated with “and Bar” it denotes a straight bar that is awarded for a further act or acts of valour, courage or devotion to duty and affixed to the ribbon.

Victoria Cross

Awarded for conspicuous bravery in the presence of the enemy. Recipient may be of any rank. (The Canadian version, which displays the Latin motto Pro Valore in the place of For Valour, is shown.)

Order of the Bath

A British order presented for service of the highest calibre. Recipients may be invested as knight/dame grand cross (GCB), knight /dame commander (KCB/DCB) or companion (CB). Canadians are eligible only for the companion level. (Companion insignia shown.)

Order of the British Empire

Awarded for gallantry. Recipient may be invested as knight /dame grand cross (GBE), knight/dame commander (K/DBE), commander (CBE), officer (OBE) or member (MBE). (Officer insignia shown.)

Order of Canada - Officer insignia shown

Awarded for a lifetime of achievement. Recipient may be invested as a companion (CC), officer (OC), or member (CM). (Officer insignia shown.)

Distinguished Service Order

Awarded to military officers only, rewarding individual instances of meritorious or distinguished service in war. The DSO is normally given for service under fire or under conditions equivalent to service in actual combat with the enemy.

Distinguished Flying Cross

Awarded to officers and warrant officers for an act or acts of valour, courage or devotion to duty performed while flying in active operations against the enemy. The slip-on bar has an eagle in the centre with the year of the award engraved on the reverse.

Distinguished Flying Medal

Awarded to non-commissioned members for an act or acts of valour, courage or devotion to duty performed while flying in active operations against the enemy.

Air Force Cross

Awarded to officers and warrant officers for an act or acts of valour, courage or devotion to duty while flying but not in active operations against an enemy.

The Air Force Medal

Awarded to non-commissioned officers and men for an act or acts of valour, courage or devotion to duty performed while flying but not in active operations against the enemy.

Canadian Forces Decoration

Awarded to officers and non-commissioned members with 12 years of untarnished military service. Bars are awarded for every 10 additional years of service.

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