Chapter 8: A game of contradictions: sport’s benefits and harms, progress and inconsistency

Part II — Safe sport in Canada

Sport and physical activity occupy a special place in our society. As outlined earlier in this report, they provide many well-documented benefits for our physical and mental health, our economy and our communities. Sport can help individuals grow, strengthen community cohesion, and build national pride. Many people involved in sport at all levels in Canada have made significant positive contributions to society and to the lives of many. This is how, for example, coaches, referees, officials, administrators, staff and countless volunteers have fostered personal development, provided leadership and support, and built a sense of community and belonging.

However, beneath this positive image lies a troubling reality: sport has long been plagued by various forms of maltreatment. In recent years, many studies and reviews were conducted by parliamentary committees and independent investigators because victims, survivors and witnesses asked for action, resulting in important reports. These public outcries and reports have revealed how widespread abuse and maltreatment are within athletic environments across the country—at all levels, from grassroots participation to the national stage.

Given this troubling reality, it is important to recognize the bravery of those who have shared their experiences. Whether before the Commission or in other forums, victims and survivors have courageously recounted the painful trauma they have suffered. Their willingness to speak out not only demonstrates how widespread maltreatment is but also emphasizes the need for lasting change. Such stories, while difficult to hear, remind us of the courage it takes to confront past injustices.

These stories also reveal the darker side of the sporting world: a culture of silence that often discourages individuals from speaking out. This can be due to fear of retribution, such as being excluded or losing opportunities. Indeed, when people do report maltreatment, they are frequently labelled as troublemakers, which perpetuates the cycle of abuse and makes it harder to foster safe and supportive environments. This is equally true for para-athletes.

However, despite this long-lasting culture of silence, there are signs of progress. Individuals are now increasingly starting to come forward. This shift shows a growing awareness, a better understanding of the issues at hand and a stronger desire by some to confront injustices that have been historically tolerated.

The sport environment may be slowly changing. Efforts such as safe sport policies and educational tools have contributed to creating a cultural shift that prioritizes the safety and well-being of all participants. While there is still much work to be done, these efforts show positive progress and the gradual dismantling of the silence that has allowed maltreatment to continue.