Core responsibility 4: Future Force Design

In this section

• Description
• Progress on results
• Key risks
• Resources required to achieve results
• Related government-wide priorities
• Program inventory

Description

Develop and design the future force through a deep understanding of the future operating environment and security risks to Canada and Canadian interests. Enhance Defence’s ability to identify, prevent, adapt and respond to a wide range of contingencies through collaborative innovation networks and advanced research.

Progress on results

This section presents details on how the department performed to achieve results and meet targets for Future Force Design. Details are presented by departmental result.

Additional information on the detailed results and performance information for the Department of National Defence and the Canadian Armed Forces' program inventory is available on GC InfoBase.

Details on results

The following section describes the results for Future Force Design in FY 2023–24 compared with the planned results set out in the Department of National Defence and the Canadian Armed Forces' departmental plan for the year.

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Defence capabilities are designed to meet future threats

In fiscal year (FY) 2023-24, the Department of National Defence (DND)/Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) continued to invest in and research state-of-the-art technologies in machine learning, artificial intelligence (AI), information environment tools, analytical methods, counter-autonomous systems technology, and web-based software to develop innovative solutions for defence capabilities and force structure that stand up to the future security environment. Through various experimentations and demonstrations with Allies and partners, DND/CAF:

• Successfully enabled rapid detection technologies of emerging threats, and accelerated responses to counter these threats;
• Invested in technologies to enhance Canada's resilience to emerging threats from Hypersonic and Advanced Cruise Missiles;
• Conducted counter-autonomous systems technology investigations and demonstrations to inform decision-making, develop requirements and enable the acquisition of anti-drone capabilities for CAF members deployed with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in Latvia; and
• Continued collaboration with Australia to develop and expand a suite of web-based software tools that model current military occupation pipelines for Air Force and Navy personnel.

DND/CAF continued to support the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF)'s implementation of Canada's North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) modernization plan by providing science and technology subject matter expertise to DND/CAF capital projects such as Arctic Over the Horizon Radar and the Defence Enhanced Surveillance of Space Project.

Through a strategic partnering approach, DND/CAF has leveraged national and international cooperation to advance its ability to deliver on critical aspects of NORAD Modernization and Continental Defence, including Quantum, Cyber, Artificial Intelligence, Climate Change and Security, including the Innovation sphere.

Canada is a founding member of the Combined Space Operations Initiative (CspO) alongside the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand. During FY 2023-24, Italy, Norway and Japan were added to this initiative. Canada continues to participate in CspO events to remain a leading voice in defining how all nations could collaborate in the space domain for the betterment of humankind.

The Department assessed and prioritized over 350 ongoing international memoranda of understanding (MOU)'s and partnership agreements, leading to a rebalancing of resources to better support DND/CAF priorities. This assessment enabled and strengthened international cooperation with key global science entities, through mechanisms within the NATO, Five Eyes (FVEY)'s, as well as multilateral and bilateral arrangements.

Notable in FY 2023-24, was DND/CAF leadership in support of the development and implementation of the NATO Defence Innovation Accelerator for the North Atlantic Regional Office, as well as positioning two Defence Scientists into the NATO Climate Change and Security Centre of Excellence in early 2024. DND/CAF is working with Public Services and Procurement Canada to establish and support the Regional Office for North America in Halifax, Nova Scotia. The interim office will be operational late Summer 2024.

Research and development investments continue to support NORAD modernization by identifying and researching cutting-edge technologies and concepts to deter, detect and defend against evolving threats to the continent across all domains, including space, cyber and the information environment. New technologies for maritime surveillance, including both fixed sensors and long-range underwater autonomous vehicles, were tested. In close collaboration with the United States, research on Polar Over the Horizon Radar for air domain awareness continued. Canada's only large-scale (and one of North America's largest caliber) two-stage light gas gun facility was upgraded and validated to study the hypersonic missile threat, successfully launching 700 grams test projectiles with speeds approaching 2.4 km/s (Mach 7 equivalent) at the Valcartier Research Centre. The new facility can now be used by Canada and its Allies to study aspects related to hypersonic missile threats.

DND/CAF published the classified Force Capability Plan in fall 2023, which outlines the required capabilities needed to address military capability gaps identified during analysis. DND/CAF published the classified Concept for the Future Force in February 2023 and began the multi-year development of the classified CAF Future Warfighting Concept. This ensured the CAF develops the force required for the future operating environment and Canada's needs. DND/CAF will continue to work with Allies and partners, such as our Five Eye partners, NORAD, and NATO as plans evolve to assess the force development, design, and capabilities needed by the CAF's future force to meet military obligations and requirements.

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Through the Defence Team Structure Design analysis, a comprehensive prototype evaluation was conducted within Defence regarding the creation of required organizational units. This modular approach allowed the Department to conduct a workflow evaluation and verify its ability to produce optimized operational capabilities. The associated organizations within Defence were subsequently tasked with the self validation of their respective model and asked to provide insights into the areas impeding the production of operational capabilities.

The Digital Campaign Plan (DCP) Implementation Directive was approved by the Vice Chief of the Defence Staff in May 2023 providing detailed tasks to the groups and commands to pursue the DCP's objectives and strategic outcomes.

The Defence Team also achieved the following milestones regarding the Future Aircrew Training (FacT) Program:

• Completed the Bid Evaluation from the Request for Proposals. The preferred bidder, SkyAlyne, was announced in July 2023;
• Submitted the Treasury Board Joint submission and the Contract was awarded 21 May 2024;
• Conducted several engagement sessions with Indigenous nations. Engagements were successful in abating a risk of an injunction against the FacT in February 2024. The resultant activity under Director General Indigenous Affairs (DGIA) and Director Air Simulation and Training lead conducted weekly meetings with the Dakota Tipi First Nation; and
• Engaged with the preferred bidder in a series of workshops to clarify requirements in preparation for the contract award. The series of monthly collaborative engagements was conducted with DGIA and provided a better understanding of the challenges and opportunities relating to implementation.

The Defence Team continued to engage with and consult Northern governments, Indigenous governing bodies and organizations in the region on NORAD modernization through established forums, including the Arctic Northern Policy Framework, the Inuit Crown Partnership Committee and the Northern Premiers Forum, as well as through ad hoc bilateral and multilateral engagements at all levels. This included:

• The United States Department of Defence key partners on NORAD Modernization projects where bilateral collaboration is particularly important including Over the Horizon Radar; and
• The initial rollout of the NORAD cloud-based command and control at the Canadian Air Defence Sector in North Bay, Ontario, occurred in January 2024 to garner feedback prior to full implementation.

In accordance with Force 2025, the following initiatives were completed in FY 2023-24:

• Administered the first revision of Army Mission tasks;
• Implementation of an Air Defence organizational structure;
• Centralization of the Leopard 2 tank to optimize the capability; and
• Initiated a high-level infrastructure and option analysis to improve the Canadian Army Intelligence organizational structure and force generation capability.

In addition, the Canadian Army (CA) completed the Fires Concept, which informs future procurement and structural changes in terms of Fires capabilities. The following concepts were also drafted: Ground-Based Air Defence and Counter Uncrewed Airborne Systems Family of Launched Effects, and Sense. The CA also participated in international experimentation venues of BOLD QUEST 23 and Project Convergence Capstone 4 to certify some capabilities and experiment on others.

In FY 2023-24, the CA also engaged with key stakeholders within DND/CAF and other Government of Canada (GoC) departments and agencies, to ensure a common understanding of the vision, role and mission of the Canadian Rangers. These engagements resulted in a renewed employment concept and tasks have been developed to formalize the Canadian Rangers' hybrid nature, as both a reserve and community force which contributes to military preparedness and community resiliency.

Recognizing that due to the breadth of their geographic emplacements, GoC, CAF and local needs vary between Canadian Ranger patrols. The CA developed an asymmetric model of Canadian Ranger employment that will prioritize resourcing while balancing the needs of all stakeholders. The development of cornerstone documents, regulatory and policy amendments, and continued stakeholder engagement during FY 2023-24, resulted in a CA plan, enhancing the Canadian Rangers, by both focusing resources based upon needs, as well as through properly adapted governance and regulatory frameworks.

DND/CAF continued to work with other government departments to update the policy and capability requirements of the National Cyber Security Strategy, which included the development of a Risk Management Framework, under the auspice of the Cyber Mission Assurance Program (CMAP), which will be utilized across all domains within DND/CAF to ensure that cyber resiliency and cyber risk assessments are built into their subprograms and lines of effort. The CMAP actively engaged with DND/CAF cyber stakeholders to enable them to embed cyber resilience processes into their lines of effort, and enhanced cooperation with Allies and other government departments.

As part of the Quantum Science and Technology Strategy Implementation Plan, DND/CAF has supported research with other government departments, universities and industry in the domains by:

• Launching the quantum innovation network through the Innovation for Defence Excellence and Security (IDEaS) program, agreeing to contribute $18 million over four years across six micro-nets;
• Participating in the newly launched Quantum Research and Development Initiative (QRDI) interdepartmental quantum project on quantum sensing and Position, Navigation and Timing, as well as partnering on another QRDI project for quantum applications, networks, and devices; and
• Continuing to build and equip facilities to advance quantum sensing work aligned with Quantum 2030 missions.

The Defence Team invested in advances in AI by reaching out to academia and industry to explore applications of interest and sought out cooperation with its Allies for research, development and experimentation.

The CMA Program had successfully promoted innovative approaches to enhancing cyber resilience through the IDEaS competitive projects, Remaining Vigilant: Identifying Cyber Dependencies, Vulnerabilities and Threats selected a solution for Transition Test Drive.

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Defence and security challenges are addressed through innovative solutions

In FY 2023-24, DND/CAF continued to invest in novel and cutting-edge detection, identification and monitoring technologies for emerging biological and chemical threats, working with academic partners, industry and Allies by:

• Continuing to explore the evolution of the mental demands on soldiers in future operating environments and the impact these changes will have on training requirements. Key areas of impact have been identified and are being explored. The effectiveness of advanced display technologies (virtual/augmented reality) is being assessed in contexts of flight training as well as moral and ethical decision-making. The work in these areas is being adjusted to potentially capitalize on the emerging capabilities of AI-based systems;
• Investing significant funding in collaborative cyber research and development, which will benefit DND, ublic safety and other security communities. This investment was spread across the full spectrum of technology maturity levels, from fundamental research to operational trials and evaluations. DND/CAF also partnered with international Allies to advance Canada's interest in cyber defence. The Toronto Research Centre has completed development of a cyber security culture evaluation process and has started evaluations with CA units;
• Clothing and Shelter options for austere environments. During winter 2024, DND/CAF partnered with the University of British Columbia under the Veterans Affairs Canada MOU to assess thermal and moisture retention properties of current CAF clothing ensembles and new base layers. With other nations, through the International Cooperative Engagement Program for Polar Research MOU, Defence Research and Development Canada evaluated Aviation Life Support Equipment for the F-18 and F-35 in the Canadian Arctic;
• Implementing a 10-year contracting strategy to develop a protective helmet that will provide mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) protection and integrate an analog night-vison system in the first phase (within the next three years) and enhance MTBI protection and integrated digital vision system in the second phase (within the next eight years); implementing a personal ballistic protection program with industries that over a 10-year span will provide (through a development/procurement program) novel ballistic protection to the operator; and
• Supporting the development of individual protection for the operator in collaboration with industries.

The CAF worked to analyze ongoing global military developments and refine the characterization of the military's future operating environment. To better align the CAF to possible future challenges, this analysis became a more heavily weighted factor during military force development and design as well as capability development. Initial adjustments were made to decision support processes and tools, with ongoing work to define and take subsequent steps towards force development and design processes that are relevant and agile to deliver a CAF future force that is fit for purpose.

Research, Development and Innovation have been focused on improving all-domain awareness, pan-domain command and control, and systems of systems integration; enabling space-based technology; understanding, detecting and defeating emerging threats; and demonstrating defence applications of space-based capabilities including Satellite communications.

With new capabilities, there is a need for Public Service employees and CAF members with special skill sets. In FY 2023-24, DND/CAF focused on developing Cyber Training Unit infrastructure and Cyber Operator advanced occupational training to meet operational requirements. DND/CAF advanced the Cyber Officer study with a view to creating a Cyber Officer occupation by 2025.

All opportunities are being used to attract and retain talent in the Cyber domain. With more staffing and resources, the CMAP has begun developing coherence amongst the five domains (land, air, sea, cyber and space) by leveraging international partnerships, intelligence infrastructure and architecture space by working with GoC and DND/CAF partners. The Program engaged with Canadian and Allied partners to enhance our understanding of the intelligence support necessary to enhance resilience in the cyber domain.

The IDEaS program was designed to complement DND's internal research programs by solving defence and security challenges with a dedicated $1.6 billion in financial and human resources over a 20-year period. IDEaS foster creativity and ingenuity in Canada by bringing together networks of experts, providing support and opportunities to innovators, and facilitating the integration and adoption of new capabilities for the CAF and the public safety and security communities.

The Department continues to cultivate its program of transforming concepts, options and prototypes into DND/CAF capabilities. Utilizing investments through the IDEaS program, DND is spawning an innovation ecosystem that will create new strategic capabilities. The IDEaS Sandbox program element gives innovators the opportunity to demonstrate their solutions in the presence of DND experts and users and receive observational feedback. The Test Drive element gives innovators the opportunity to have their advanced solutions tested in a real-world environment.

IDEaS Test Drives are an opportunity for Innovators to offer their high Technology Readiness Level (TRL) solutions to be tested by DND/CAF against Defence challenges.

In FY 2023-24, the following Test Drives progressed:

• Operational testing of the Ecopia solution for the "Detection and Classification of Objects of Interest" challenge was completed;
• Testing on the Terra Sense Analytics Multimodal Input Surveillance and Tracking (MIST) technology to detect, track, and identify multiple objects, person and events of interest continued; and
• The test drive for "Green Heat: Low Carbon Energy Generation for Heating Existing Buildings" was in the construction phase of modifying the test building.

Relative to mitigating the environmental impact of military operations, the science and technology program has developed recommendations to improve live-fire detonation efficiency. Relative to alternative energy sources, the science and technology program is developing a Scoping Study Report on deep-well geothermal, Hydrogen and Fuel Sensors at Extreme Low Temperatures, and developing a prototype Microgrid system to reduce diesel dependency in remote locations.

Defence continued to leverage national and international partnerships to advance science and technology on public safety and security to address high priorities. In October 2023, DND/CAF and the Under Secretary for science and technology of the United States Department of Homeland Security issued a joint statement of intent reaffirming a shared resolve to focus on developing strategic science and technology partnerships. The three high-priority areas identified are:

• Arctic safety and security;
• Emerging technologies; and
• Resiliency.

DND/CAF prototyped a new naval ship-ice impact experimental capability at the National Research Council. DND/CAF initiated a new phase, options analysis, for an ice load monitoring system that is expected to provide operator guidance to the Harry DeWolf-class Arctic and Offshore Patrol Vessel. Experimentation continued to further understand and enhance the performance of Over the Horizon Radar in the Polar region. Investigated potential power and energy solutions for additional domain awareness capabilities in remote Arctic regions. Research into novel space-based surveillance techniques and advanced data processing also continued.

Defence continued to fully engage in the Five Research and Development Council, a FVEY forum that shares, collaborates, and coordinates public safety and security research and development. Two key focus areas established in 2023 included emerging science and technologies, which is an area of increased concern for all partners; and mis-information, dis-information, and mal-information.

Through the Research and Development to Combat Terrorism MOU, Defence has been able to fully collaborate with the United States' Department of Defense, Irregular Warfare Technical Support Directorate to further engage the international defence, safety and security community and exploited additional collaboration opportunities, since the beginning of the MOU in 2009. One particular focus area for the collaboration in FY 2023-24 was on the detection and defeat of unmanned aerial systems.

The Department coordinated efforts through Project Olympus and various NATO and FVEYs forums and working groups to document requirements and design a Data Interoperability layer^{Footnote 1}. This layer aims to facilitate data sharing with Allies and other GoC departments.

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In FY 2023-24, the Department:

• Ratified the new disposition authorization issued by Library and Archives Canada which sets the framework for the management of content, by providing the standard and mechanism to implement and comply with GoC and NATO standards for IM and interoperability;
• Provided technical and functional support to enable interactive business intelligence reporting and supported the deployment of data tools such as Microsoft Fabric and Microsoft Purview Catalog across the Department; and
• Developed and provided technical support for predictive analytical tools and machine learning applications tailored to diverse clients within DND.

Through ongoing advisory support, the DTO empowers the Department's L1's to navigate the complexities of data standardization, fostering a culture of continuous improvement and innovation. By harmonizing data practices across the DND/CAF, this collaborative effort drives efficiency, enhances decision-making capabilities, and ultimately strengthens the operational readiness of the entire Defence organization. The DND/CAF Enterprise Data Model Framework, developed by the DND/CAF's DTO is built on robust data governance principles. The Framework will guide the Department in creating conceptual data models aligned with organizational goals and regulations.

The Enterprise Transformation Programme team, in collaboration with Chief Information Officer Group and Chief of Combat Systems Integration, have created the Digital Services Board governance body. The mandate of this governance body is to bring visibility and coherence to the digital landscape of the Department, and to enable strategic investment decisions that will enable the Department to advance the GoC digital strategy.

The Canadian Special Operations Forces Command (CANSOFCOM) Gradient Ascent program deployed numerous software and analytics tools that created significant organizational efficiency and improved Command decision-making. These tools and products improved the Command's ability to deliver on core DND/CAF mandates.

DND/CAF continued its experimentation efforts to improve operations through three key initiatives:

• Agile Pan-Domain Command and Control Experimentation Endeavour supported the CAF in all physical regions (e.g. land, air, space) through advanced technology and will enhance the CAF's ability to transform and adapt widespread information sharing and collaboration, ensuring commanders have all the information they need to adjust in the operating environment;
• The annual NATO-led Coalition Warrior Interoperability Experiment explored methods of improving information-sharing and command and control functions between Allies and select non-NATO entities. This assisted with developing concepts, organizational designs, and doctrine for assigned joint challenges; and
• In February 2024, the Operating Concept for CAF Joint Operations Fusion Lab (JOLF) was briefed to Armed Forces Council and received endorsement. Once established, the JOFL will become the central hub for Joint experimentation, data integration trials, evaluations, and other activities that support Pan-Domain Command and Control efforts with CAF and Allied partners. The JOFL will also serve as an innovation test bed for new ideas and technology focusing on:
  • Targeting;
  • Intelligence;
  • Surveillance and reconnaissance;
  • Data and networks; and
  • Emerging concepts.

Key risks

An enterprise risk has been identified which highlights the need for greater accessibility of data and information to support data-enabled and strategic decision-making.

Failure to Rapidly Digitalize - Insufficient tools, process and technology are some of the main obstacles for efficient sharing of information and data. While progress is being made on all fronts, enabled by the recent creation of a DTO, without addressing those obstacles, data will remain inaccessible and not be easily interconnected.

Without efficient access to information and data, and an intuitive manner to use and share data, users are more likely to make duplicate and individual copies.

The Defence Team will mitigate these risks through the further establishment of data stewardship roles, to improve data governance, including the implementation and monitoring of DAOD 6500-1 – Data Access. As part of data governance improvement, a request process and details on recourse processes will also be introduced to enable data access; and, information management risks will be mitigated through exploration of technologies to enhance the efficiency of information management, organization and sharing.

Resources required to achieve results

Complete financial and human resources information for the Department of National Defence and the Canadian Armed Forces' program inventory is available on GC InfoBase.

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Related government-wide priorities

Gender-based analysis plus

Gender-based analysis plus (GBA Plus) findings continue to be an important component of developing and designing the future force. Important efforts in this area during FY 2023-24 included:

• The effectiveness of solutions aiming to address Statements of Capability Deficiencies associated with gender and diversity were tested using anthropometric evaluations and human testing;
• Continued to endeavour to integrate gender and intersectional perspectives into Intelligence Enterprise Future Force Design projects; and
• Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC) remains committed to improving GBA Plus within the organization by having a functional lead when it comes to governance and capacity. In FY 2023-24, they continued to support research into the integration of GBA Plus, namely through the publication of a contract report titled Integrated Gender-Based Analysis Plus Methodology for Human Systems Integration Science and Technology: Design for a Digital Prototype, highlighting a comprehensive methodology to integrate GBA Plus into Human Systems Integration (HSI) Science and Technology (S&T) for clothing and equipment projects. Other ongoing initiatives included:
  • Providing oversight, direction and promotion of GBA Plus across DRDC;
  • Ensuring monitoring and reporting on the application of GBA Plus and compliance with government direction on GBA Plus;
  • Developing and providing GBA Plus functional guidance to the DRDC organization; and
  • Promoting GBA Plus tools, information, training and resources across the organization, using a variety of platforms to target messaging to relevant audiences.

More information on GBA Plus can be found in the GBA Plus Supplementary Information Tables section of this report.

United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals

In FY 2023-24, the IDEaS program continued to work with Canadian innovators on the following challenges in support of United Nations Sustainable Development Goals:

• Goal 6 Water and Waste – Round 3 winners of the Pop-Up City: Integrating Energy, Water and Waste Management Systems for Deployed Camps Contest, tested their prototypes. The demonstration took place in Suffield, Alberta, with the winning competitor, Circular City, taking home the additional $2 million prize;
• Goal 7 Clean Energy – "A Cold Wind Blows: Seeking Smaller, Ruggedized Wind Turbines for the Arctic". Launched under the Competitive Projects element, it seeks to address a DND need for ruggedized wind turbines for the Arctic to reduce the reliance on diesel fuel-generated power. In FY 2023-24, the University of British Columbia and Eocycle Technologies Inc., continued to further advance their solutions at the Component 1B stage with an additional $1 million in funding;
• Goal 9 Infrastructure and Innovation – "Green Heat: Low carbon energy generation for heating existing buildings". Launched under the Test Drive element, the objective of this challenge is to acquire, install and operate a large-scale low-carbon energy generation and storage system for heating an existing building. In FY 2023-24, Black & McDonald completed the design phase at Canadian Forces Base Kingston, Ontario, with construction anticipated throughout 2024. This will assess the effectiveness and costs of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction efforts for the entire DND infrastructure portfolio, thus contributing to the GoC's mandate that its building and facilities operations be carbon neutral by 2050; and
• Goal 13 Climate Action – "Less GHG emission on the Seas: Practical Solutions to Measure and Record Energy Consumption". Launched under the Competitive Projects element, it seeks innovative solutions to accurately measure fuel and load energy consumption and GHG emission data across the RCN fleet. In FY 2023-24, Fibos Inc. was awarded a contract at the Component 1B stage with an additional $1 million in funding, to further advance their solution.

More information on DND's contributions to Canada's Federal Implementation Plan for the 2030 Agenda, which supports the 2030 United Nations Agenda for Sustainable Development, can be found in the Defence Climate and Sustainability Strategy 2023-2027.

Indigenous relations

The CAF continued enhancing and expanding the Defence Northern footprint, while increasing capabilities in surveillance, mobility and training in Canada's North to enhance the CAF's ability to operate in the Arctic and adapt to a changed security environment. This was accomplished through the conduct of Operation NANOOK, and routine training exercises with the Canadian Rangers. Arctic communities remain the most present and enduring expression of Canada's sovereignty; therefore, early, ongoing, and meaningful engagement or consultation with Northern provincial, territorial and Indigenous governments on military activities in the Arctic remains critical and will continue to grow.

DND/CAF senior leadership engaged with Arctic community leaders, including the Inuit Development Corporation, to understand the role that indigenous-led enterprises can play in the conduct of Arctic science and technology. The DND/CAF Centre for Security Science is also engaging directly with Northern communities through the Canadian Safety and Security Program, with the aim of improving community resilience.

DND remains committed to ensuring that continental defence efforts are supported by meaningful dialogue and engagement with key stakeholders, including northern, First Nations, Inuit, and Métis partners. This approach aims to incorporate diverse viewpoints and priorities into early project identification phases. DND continues to collaborate with Public Services and Procurement Canada (PSPC) to mandate reporting from existing contractors on their engagement with Indigenous-led businesses and enterprises in fulfilling contract requirements. The DND/CAF maintained its engagement with Indigenous peoples to support research and development activities, respecting treaty obligations and aligning with the objectives of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) and other policy commitments, where possible.

Program inventory

Future Force Design is supported by the following programs:

• Joint Force Development;
• Naval Force Development;
• Land Force Development;
• Air and Space Force Development;
• Special Operations Force Development;
• Cyber and Joint Communication Information Systems (CIS) Force Development;
• Intelligence Force Development; and
• Science, Technology and Innovation.

Additional information related to the program inventory for Future Force Design is available on the Results page on GC InfoBase.

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