Supplementary Information Tables 2017-2018 : Health Canada

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Horizontal Initiatives

Table of Contents

• Canadian Drugs and Substances Strategy
• Chemicals Management Plan
• Federal Tobacco Control Strategy
• Implementing a New Federal Framework for the Legalization and Strict Regulation of Cannabis

Canadian Drugs and Substances Strategy

General information

Name of horizontal initiative

Canadian Drugs and Substances Strategy^{Footnote 1}

Lead department(s)

Health Canada

Federal partner department(s)

• Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA)
• Canada Revenue Agency (CRA)
• Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
• Correctional Service Canada (CSC)
• Department of Justice Canada (DOJ)
• Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada (FINTRAC)
• Global Affairs Canada (GAC)
• Indigenous Services Canada (ISC)^{Footnote 2}
• Parole Board of Canada (PBC)
• Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)
• Public Prosecution Service of Canada (PPSC)
• Public Safety Canada (PS)
• Public Services and Procurement Canada (PSPC)
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)

Non-federal and non-governmental partner(s)

Not applicable

Start date of the horizontal initiative

April 1, 2017

End date of the horizontal initiative

2021-22 and Ongoing

Description of the horizontal initiative

The Government of Canada is committed to a comprehensive, collaborative, compassionate and evidence-based approach to drug policy, which uses a public health lens when considering and addressing drug issues. On December 12, 2016, the Minister of Health announced an updated drug strategy for Canada: The Canadian Drugs and Substances Strategy (CDSS). The CDSS replaced the National Anti-Drug Strategy (NADS). The NADS was established in 2007 and was led by the Department of Justice Canada.

The CDSS is led by the Minister of Health, supported by Health Canada and 14 other federal departments and agencies. The CDSS formally restores harm reduction as a key pillar of Canada's drug strategy alongside prevention, treatment and enforcement. With this change, harm reduction-focused policies — such as support for properly established and maintained supervised consumption sites, and increased access to naloxone — are now a formal part of the Government's strategy. The public health focus on the CDSS, along with the inclusion of harm reduction as a core pillar of the strategy, will better enable the Government to address the current opioid crisis, and to work toward preventing the emergence of new challenges.

Allocated federal funding from 2007-12 for NADS was $570.4M, with $114.1M ongoing, for twelve federal departments and agencies for prevention, treatment and enforcement action plans. In 2014, the NADS was expanded to activities to address problematic prescription drug use (with an additional investment of $44.32M over 5 years (2014-15 to 2018-19) with $5.01M ongoing (2019-20 onwards) to Health Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR). Following the Budget 2017 announcement, CDSS received $102.4 million over 5 years (2017-18 to 2021-22) and $23.0 million ongoing to HC, PHAC, and CIHR to support the CDSS, building on its ongoing existing funding.

The CDSS recognizes that the national approach to substance use requires coordinated efforts from all levels of government working in their respective areas of jurisdiction. It also recognizes the importance of incorporating stakeholder views on an ongoing basis, including people with lived and living experience with substance use.

Governance structures

The CDSS is led by the Minister of Health. The Strategy, which is in its first year, is coordinated through a Director-General (DG) level committee that reports to Assistant Deputy Ministers. This committee is supported by working groups that cover issues related to prevention, treatment, harm reduction, enforcement, evidence and reporting. Current federal/provincial/territorial (F/P/T) engagement is achieved through a number of F/P/T mechanisms, including the F/P/T Committee on Problematic Substance Use and Harms Committee that is co-chaired by HC and the Province of British Columbia. Secretariat support for the CDSS is provided by the Controlled Substances Directorate (CSD) within HC.

Total federal funding allocated (2017-18 to 2021-22) (dollars)

$664,033,777

Total federal planned spending to March 31, 2018 (dollars)

$125,760,708

Total federal actual spending to March 31, 2018 (dollars)

$141,609,909

Date of last renewal of the horizontal initiative

Not applicable

Total federal funding allocated at last renewal, and source of funding (dollars)

Not applicable

Additional federal funding received after the last renewal (dollars)

Not applicable

Funding contributed by non-federal and non-governmental partners

Not applicable

Fiscal year of planned completion of next evaluation

2021-22 Canadian Drugs and Substances Strategy Horizontal Initiative^{Footnote 3}

Shared outcome of federal partners

Health Canada is working with the other federal CDSS partners to revise and update the long term outcomes to better reflect the direction and goals of the CDSS, which is focussed on implementing a comprehensive, collaborative, compassionate and evidence-based approach to drug policy that is based on a public health approach. Current shared long-term outcomes are:

• Reduced problematic prescription drug use (PPDU)^{Footnote 4}in Canada;
• Reduced demand for illegal drugs in targeted populations and areas;
• Reduced negative health and social impacts and crime related to illegal drug use and problematic prescription drug use;
• Reduced supply of illegal drugs; and,
• People who use drugs and substances experience reduced negative health impacts.

Performance indicators / Targets / Data Sources and Frequency of Monitoring and Reporting / Results

Health Canada will work with the other federal CDSS partners to review and update the performance indicators and targets (including their associated data source and frequency of monitoring and reporting) for the shared long term outcomes.

Expected outcome of non‑federal and non‑governmental partners

Not applicable

Name of theme (1/5)

Prevention

Theme Outcome / Performance Indicator / Target / Data Source and Frequency of Monitoring and Reporting

Health Canada is working with the other federal CDSS partners to review and update the theme outcome (and their associated performance indicators and targets) for the Prevention pillar to reflect the direction and goals of the CDSS.

Name of theme (2/5)

Treatment

Theme Outcome / Performance Indicator / Target / Data Source and Frequency of Monitoring and Reporting

Health Canada is working with the other federal CDSS partners to review and update the theme outcome (and their associated performance indicators and targets) for the Treatment pillar to reflect the direction and goals of the CDSS.

Name of theme (3/5)

Harm Reduction^{Footnote 5}

Theme Outcome

Reduction in risk-taking behaviour among people with problematic drug or substance use.

Theme Performance Indicators

• Percentage of targeted Canadians reporting they used knowledge and skills to take positive actions with respect to substance use behavior by: sex, Official Language; type of behaviour change (reduced use, safer use, not using, etc.)
• Percentage decrease of sharing drug use equipment among people who use drugs.
• Average percentage of First Nations people and Inuit per community who received substance use community-based supports.

Theme Targets

• 60% of targeted Canadians reporting they used knowledge and skills to take positive actions with respect to substance use behavior by 2021 (Baseline to be established in 2018-19)
• 10% decrease by 2020; 15% decrease by 2022
• 14.04% by March 2021

Theme Data Source and Frequency of Monitoring and Reporting

• Aggregated data from multiple recipients of Substance Use and Addictions Program contribution funding (secondary data sources), collected annually with reporting starting in 2019-20.
• Centre for Communicable Diseases and Infection Control Grants and Contributions reporting data collected annually starting in 2019-20.
• Data from the Community-Based Reporting Template collected annually. 

Name of theme (4/5)

Enforcement

Theme Outcome / Performance Indicator / Target / Data Source and Frequency of Monitoring and Reporting

Health Canada will work with the other federal CDSS partners to review and update the theme outcomes (and their associated performance indicators and targets) for the Enforcement pillar to reflect the direction and goals of the CDSS.

Name of theme (5/5)

Evidence Base^{Footnote 6}

Theme Outcome

Data and research evidence on drugs, and emerging drug trends, are used by members of the federal Health Portfolio and their partners.

Theme Performance Indicators

• Percentage of targeted stakeholders reporting that they made evidence informed improvements to substance use policies, programs and practice by type of improvement.

Theme Targets

• 60% of targeted stakeholders reporting evidence informed improvements to substance use policies, programs, and practices by 2021 (Baseline to be established in 2018-19).

Theme Data Source and Frequency of Monitoring and Reporting

• Aggregated data from multiple recipients of Substance Use and Addictions Program contribution funding (secondary data sources), collected annually with reporting starting in 2019-20.

Performance highlights

In 2017-18, the 15 federal partner departments and agencies involved in CDSS began to implement new program initiatives related to harm reduction and improving the evidence base to continue the Government of Canada’s response to the opioid crisis and problematic substance use more broadly. Activities include: improving oversight of opioid-based prescription medications; providing funding to First Nation and Inuit communities through contribution agreements for harm reduction activities, including community-based opioid use disorder treatment programs; and, implementing surveys to enhance the evidence base. Further, the CDSS partners continued their work to contribute to safer and healthier communities through coordinated efforts to prevent problematic drug and substance use, support innovative approaches to treatment and rehabilitation, and address illegal drug production, supply and distribution.

Bill C-37, an Act to amend the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (CDSA) and to make related amendments to other Acts became law in May 2017. This legislation supports a more flexible, modern regulatory regime for controlled substances, supports Health Canada's Opioid Action Plan, and is designed to better equip both health and law enforcement officials to reduce the harms associated with problematic substance use in Canada. These amendments make it easier to schedule a substance quickly, prohibit the unregistered importation of designated devices such as pill presses, and streamlined the federal application process to establish supervised consumption sites. As well, the introduction of these new legislative amendments have further assisted law enforcement and border officers to address the illegal drug crisis, particularly with regards to the production and trafficking of synthetic and precursor drugs. Addressing the entry of illegal drugs into Canada via the mail system has been further strengthened by amending the Customs Act and removing the exception that prevented border officers from opening mail weighing 30 grams or less. In March 2018, Public Safety (PS) sponsored a National Law Enforcement Roundtable to discuss the current opioid crisis in Canada, including prevention and enforcement best practices and current jurisdictional efforts. Outcomes from this conference will serve as the foundation for the development of a new National Law Enforcement Strategy on Opioids (to be released in 2019).

Contact information

Michelle Boudreau
Director General
Controlled Substances Directorate
Health Canada
613-960-2496
Michelle.boudreau@canada.ca

Performance summary

Federal departments	Link to department’s Program Activity Architecture or Program Inventory	Horizontal Initiatives activities	Total allocation (from 2017-18 to 2021-22) (dollars)	2017–18 Planned spending (dollars)	2017–18 Actual spending (dollars)	2017–18 Expected results	2017–18 Performance indicators	2017–18 Targets	Date to achieve target	2017–18 Actual results
Health Canada (HC)	Controlled Substances	Office of Controlled Substances (Enforcement)	31,221,420	6,244,284	19,623,266	[ER 1.1]	[PI 1.1]	[T 1.1]	March 2019	[AR 1.1]
		Transfer to Regulatory Operations and Regions Branch for Compliance and Enforcement Activities (Enforcement)	9,753,510	1,950,702	1,950,702
		Strengthening the Canadian Drugs and Substances Strategy (Harm Reduction & Evidence Base)	27,640,131	4,137,287	3,531,539	[ER 1.2]	[PI 1.2.1] [PI 1.2.2]	[T 1.2.1] [T 1.2.2]	March 2018 April 2022	[AR 1.2.1] [AR 1.2.2]
		Drug Analysis Services (Enforcement)	53,825,065	10,765,013	11,385,054	[ER 1.3]	[PI 1.3.1] [PI 1.3.2]	[T 1.3.1] [T 1.3.2]	March 2018	[AR 1.3.1] [AR 1.3.2]
		Drug Analysis Services (Harm Reduction)	6,572,662	231,556	231,556
		Problematic prescription drug use (PPDU)  (Prevention)	18,601,487	6,585,416	6,098,935	[ER 1.4]	[PI 1.4]	[T 1.4]	March 2019	[AR 1.4]
		Health Canada Lead Role for the Canadian Drugs and Substances Strategy	2,436,740	487,348	452,425	[ER 1.5]	[PI 1.5]	[T 1.5]	March 2019	[AR 1.5]
	Substance Use and Addictions Program (SUAP)	Substance Use and Addictions Program (Prevention, Treatment, Harm Reduction & Evidence Base)	123,937,570	22,787,514	9,406,540	[ER 1.6]	[PI 1.6.1] [PI 1.6.2] [PI 1.6.3]	[T 1.6]	March 2019	[AR 1.6.1] [AR 1.6.2] [AR 1.6.3]
	Internal Services (CDSS Harm Reduction and Evidence Base)		2,280,107	329,157	329,157	N/A
	Total		276,268,692	53,518,277	53,009,174
Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)	Public Health Capacity Building	Chronic Disease and Injury Surveillance (Evidence Base)	844,603	281,720	172,348	[ER 2.1]	[PI 2.1.1] [PI 2.1.2]	[T 2.1.1] [T 2.1.2]	April 2022 March 2018	[AR 2.1.1] [AR 2.1.2]
	Infectious Disease Prevention and Control	Grants and contributions - Transmission of Sexually Transmitted and Blood Borne Infections (Harm Reduction)	30,000,000	3,000,000	1,210,674	[ER 2.2]	[PI 2.2.1] [PI 2.2.2]	[T 2.2.1] [T 2.2.2]	April 2022	[AR 2.2.1] [AR 2.2.2]
	Internal Services		55,397	18,280	18,280	N/A
	Total		30,900,000	3,300,000	1,401,302
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)	Horizontal Health Research Initiatives	Research on Drug Treatment Model (Treatment)	6,874,990	1,974,998	2,264,415	[ER 3.1]	[PI 3.1]	[T 3.1]	March 2018	[AR 3.1] [AR 3.1.1] [AR 3.1.2]
		Canadian Research Initiative in Substance Misuse (Evidence Base)	10,000,000	2,000,000	1,920,685	[ER 3.2]	[PI 3.2.1] [PI 3.2.2] [PI 3.2.3]	[T 3.2.1] [T 3.2.2][T 3.2.3]	April 2022	[AR 3.2.1] [AR 3.2.2] [AR 3.2.3]
	Total		16,874,990	3,974,998	4,185,100
Indigenous Services Canada (ISC)	Mental Wellness (First Nations and Inuit Mental Wellness Program)	Grants and Contributions – Mental Wellness Program (Harm Reduction)	15,000,000	2,000,000	1,860,000	[ER 4.1]	[PI 4.1]	[T 4.1]	March 2019	[AR 4.1]
		Grants and Contributions – Mental Wellness Program (Treatment)	60,357,585	12,071,517	11,353,600	[ER 4.2]	[PI 4.2]	[T 4.2]	March 2021	[AR 4.2]
		Problematic prescription drug use (PPDU) (Prevention)	14,376,000	2,838,000	2,838,000	[ER 1.4]	[PI 1.4]	[T 1.4]	March 2019	[AR 1.4]
	Total		89,733,585	16,909,517	16,051,600
Department of Justice Canada(DOJ)	Stewardship of the Canadian Legal Framework	Youth Justice Fund (Treatment)	18,156,380	3,631,276	3,781,276	[ER 5.1]	[PI 5.1.1] [PI 5.1.2]	[T 5.1.1] [T 5.1.2]	March 2018	[AR 5.1.1] [AR 5.1.2]
		Youth Justice (Treatment)	7,907,470	1,581,494	1,668,914	[ER 5.2.1] [ER 5.2.2]	[PI 5.2.1] [PI 5.2.2] [PI 5.2.3]	[T 5.2]	March 2018	[AR 5.2.1] [AR 5.2.2]
	Internal Services		199,945	39,989	8,475	N/A
	Total		26,263,795	5,252,759	5,458,665
Public Safety Canada (PS)	Law Enforcement	National Coordination of Efforts to Improve Intelligence, Knowledge, Management, Research, Evaluation (Enforcement)	2,942,660	588,532	180,522	[ER 6.1]	[PI 6.1]	[T 6.1]	March 2018	[AR 6.1]
	Internal Services		75,710	15,142	15,142	N/A
	Total		3,018,370	603,674	195,664
Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)	Federal Policing (FP) Prevention	Federal Policing Public Engagement (FPPE) (Prevention)	11,058,290	2,211,658	2,211,658	[ER 7.1]	[PI 7.1.1] [PI 7.1. 2] [PI 7.1.3] [PI 7.1.4] [PI 7.1.5]	[T 7.1.1] [T 7.1.2][T 7.1.3][T 7.1.4][T 7.1.5]	March 2018	[AR 7.1.1] [AR 7.1.2] [AR 7.1.3] [AR 7.1.4] [AR 7.1.5]
	Federal Policing (FP) Investigations	Federal Policing Project-Based Investigations (Enforcement)	82,274,750	16,454,950	16,454,950	[ER 7.2]	[PI 7.2.1] [PI 7.2.2] [PI 7.2.3] [PI 7.2.4]	[T 7.2.1-4]	N/A	[AR 7.2.1] [AR 7.2.2] [AR 7.2.3] [AR 7.2.4]
	Internal Services		15,477,825	3,095,565	3,095,565	N/A
	Total		108,810,865	21,762,173	21,762,173
Correctional Services Canada (CSC)	Correctional Interventions	Case Preparation and Supervision of Provincial Offenders (Enforcement)	3,027,280	605,456	675,266	[ER 8.1]	[PI 8.1.1] [PI 8.1.2] [PI 8.1.3]	[T 8.1.1] [T 8.1.2] [T 8.1.3]	March 2018	[AR 8.1.1] [AR 8.1.2] [AR 8.1.3]
	Community Supervision	Case Preparation and Supervision of Provincial Offenders (Enforcement)	6,231,200	1,246,240	1,246,240
	Internal Services		0	0	0	N/A
	Total		9,258,480	1,851,696	1,921,506
Parole Board of Canada (PBC)	Conditional Release Decisions	Conditional Release Decisions – (Provincial reviews) (Enforcement)	5,557,500	222,000	220,000	[ER 9.1]	[PI 9.1]	[T 9.1]	March 2018	[AR 9.1]
	Conditional Release Decisions Openness and Accountability	Conditional Release Decisions Openness and Accountability (Provincial reviews) (Enforcement)	2,137,500	98,000	104,000	[ER 9.2]	[PI 9.2]	[T 9.2]	March 2018	[AR 9.2]
	Internal Services		1,710,000	45,000	38,000	N/A
	Total		9,405,000	365,000	362,000
Public Prosecution Service of Canada (PPSC)	Drug, National Security and Northern Prosecutions Program	Prosecution and Prosecution-related Services (Enforcement)	16,977,150	3,395,430	24,131,034	[ER 10.1]	[PI 10.1.1] [PI 10.1.2 ]	[T 10.1]	N/A	[AR 10.1.1] [AR 10.1.2]
		Prosecution of serious drug offences under the CDSA to which mandatory minimum penalties are applicable (Enforcement)	36,219,785	7,243,957	2,730,833	[ER 10.2]	[PI 10.2.1] [PI 10.2.2]			[AR 10.2.1] [AR 10.2.2]
	Internal Services	Prosecution and Prosecution-related Services (Enforcement)	2,522,850	504,570	2,927,175	[ER 10.3]	[PI 10.3]			[AR 10.3]
		Prosecution of serious drug offences under the CDSA to which mandatory minimum penalties are applicable (Enforcement)	5,280,215	1,056,043	329,847
	Total		61,000,000	12,200,000	30,118,889
Canadian Border Services Agency (CBSA)	Risk Assessment	Targeting Intelligence Security Screening (Enforcement)	9,800,000	2,100,000	2,100,000	[ER11.1.1] [ER 11.1.2] [ER11.1.3]	[PI 11.1]	[T11.1]	March 2018	[AR 11.1] [AR 11.1.1] [AR 11.1.2] [AR 11.1.3]
	Criminal Investigations		1,400,000	200,000	200,000	[ER 11.2.1] [ER11.2.2]	[PI 11.2]			[AR 11.2] [AR 11.2.1] [AR 11.2.2] [AR 11.2.3]
	Internal Services		8,800,000	1,300,000	1,300,000	N/A
	Total		20,000,000	3,600,000	3,600,000
Global Affairs Canada (GAC)	Diplomacy, Advocacy and International Agreements	Annual Voluntary Contributions to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD) of the American States (OAS) (Enforcement)	4,500,000	900,000	900,000	[ER12.1]	[PI 12.1.1] [PI 12.1.2]	[T 12.1.1] [T 12.1.2]	March 2018	[AR 12.1.1] [AR 12.1.2]
Canada Revenue Agency (CRA)	Reporting Compliance	Small and Medium Enterprises Directorate (Enforcement)	5,000,000	922,614	1,230,117	[ER 13.1]	[PI 13.1]	[T 13.1]	March 2018	[AR 13.1]
	Internal Services				122,588	N/A
	Total		5,000,000	922,614	1,352,705
Public Services and Procurement Canada (PSPC)	Specialized Programs and Services	Forensic Accounting Management Group (Enforcement)	3,000,000	600,000	591,131	[ER 14.1]	[PI 14.1.1] [PI 14.1.2]	[T 14.1]	March 2018	[AR 14.1.1] [AR 14.1.1.1] [AR 14.1.2]
Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada (FINTRAC)	Financial Intelligence Program	Financial Intelligence Program (Enforcement)	0	0	700,000	[ER 15.1]	[PI 15.1]	[T 15.1]	March 2018	[AR 15.1]
Total for all federal departments			664,033,777	125,760,708	141,609,909
Total allocation (from 2017-18 to 2021-22) and planned spending amounts are shown including contributions to Employee Benefit Plans (@20%), Shared Services Canada Core Information Technology Services, and Public Services and Procurement Canada accommodation costs (@13%), unless specified otherwise.

Comments on variances

Health Canada:

In 2017-18, the federal drug strategy was migrated from the Department of Justice to Health Canada, with the adoption the new Canadian Drugs and Substances Strategy (CDSS). The CDSS is a health-focussed approach to drug and substance use issues in Canada, and has re-introduced harm reduction as a key pillar, along with prevention, treatment and enforcement.

In its first year being led by Health Canada, the coding for certain important initiatives was classified under “Enforcement”, due to a carryover of the previous coding structure. This includes the coordinated response to the opioid overdose crisis as well as policy development and authorizations for supervised consumption sites and overdose prevention sites. This has inflated the apparent spending under the enforcement pillar. The financial coding and reporting in these areas will be updated and amended going forward.

In addition, in this first full year of the CDSS, grants and contribution funds available to applicants were not fully spent, as the identification of recipients and projects was not fully completed in 2017-18. This funding has been allocated to future fiscal years.

Public Health Agency of Canada:

This was a new initiative with program funding approved late in the fiscal year. As a result, identifying recipients and projects was not fully completed in 2017-18 resulting in a lapse. The majority of lapsed funding from this initiative was spent under other related and existing sexually transmitted and blood-borne initiatives such as the HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis C Community Action Fund.

Public Safety:

The variance between planned and actual spending is mainly due to delays in staffing.

Public Prosecution Service of Canada:

The variance between planned and actual spending is mainly due to internal reallocations to support this initiative.

Canada Revenue Agency:

The variance between planned and actual spending is mainly due to additional resources required for higher than anticipated audits.

Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada:

The variance between planned and actual spending is mainly due to internal reallocations to support this initiative.

2017-18 Expected Results

Health Canada

ER 1.1.1 Authorizations to perform legitimate activities with controlled substances, precursor chemicals and industrial hemp are processed in a timely manner.

ER 1.1.2 Increased compliance and reduced risk of diversion of controlled substances, prescription drugs and precursor chemicals.

ER 1.2.1 Increased availability of harm reduction services.

ER 1.2.2 Increased availability of data and research evidence on drugs and substances.

ER 1.3.1 Increased effectiveness in drug analysis.

ER 1.3.2 Data and research evidence on drugs and emerging drug trends are used by members of the federal Health Portfolio and their partners.

ER 1.4.1 Increased availability of data and research evidence on drugs and substances.

ER 1.4.2 Increased compliance and reduced risk of diversion of controlled substances, prescription drugs and precursor chemicals.

ER 1.5 Effective coordination of the CDSS to support collaborative drug policy and programs at the federal level.

ER 1.6 Conduct a Substance Use and Addictions Program (SUAP) solicitation for new prevention, harm reduction and treatment projects. In existing projects, collaboration and access to evidence will result in policy, program and practice change and strengthened capacity to address substance use.

Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)

ER 2.1 The Public Health Agency of Canada, through national-level surveillance of opioid-related deaths and other harms, will provide a pan-Canadian picture of the public health impact of opioid overdoses to effectively guide policy, prioritize and develop evidence-based interventions, and drive research.

ER 2.2 Project funding is intended to decrease risk behaviours around the sharing of injection/inhalant drug-use equipment that can result in HIV and hepatitis C infections. The program will also increase access to harm reduction and other services, and reduce stigma toward this population.

Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)

ER 3.1 In 2017-18, CIHR will deliver up to 18 knowledge syntheses relevant to one or more of the four pillars of the CDSS (i.e., prevention, harm reduction, treatment and enforcement) and the opioid crisis.

ER 3.2 In 2017-18, the CIHR will fund the Canadian Research Initiative in Substance Misuse (CRISM) Network, a national research consortium in problematic substance use, with four research Nodes across Canada to enhance collaboration between researchers, service providers, policy makers and people with lived experience.

Indigenous Services Canada (ISC)

ER 4.1 Indigenous Services Canada's First Nations and Inuit Health Branch has capacity to plan and deliver a range of treatment services and programs to First Nations and Inuit communities. With ongoing CDSS investments, First Nations and Inuit Health Branch (FNIHB) plans to maintain the availability of, and access to, effective treatment services and programs for First Nations and Inuit populations in areas of need. The progress of this strategy will be measured by the nature of services that have been made available through funding in targeted areas and are based on research or best practices.

ER 4.2 With CDSS investments, FNIHB also plans to maintain treatment programs and services to address drug dependency in First Nations and Inuit populations in areas of need. The progress of this plan will be measured by:

• the proportion of treatment facilities accredited;
• the proportion of addictions counsellors in treatment centres who are certified;
• the changes in stakeholder perceptions regarding the extent to which treatment services have been improved in Strategy-supported investment areas; and,
• the number of First Nations and Inuit communities that deliver harm reduction programming.

Department of Justice Canada (DOJ)

ER 5.1 Reduced drug substances relapse among drug treatment court participants.

ER 5.2.1 To work collaboratively with interested provinces and territories as well as other stakeholders in order to introduce, pilot and evaluate a number of drug treatment options for youth involved in the youth justice system in communities.

ER 5.2.2 To work collaboratively with interested provinces and territories as well as other stakeholders in order to share knowledge of the piloted drug treatment programs and promising practices with provinces and territories as well as other interested stakeholders.

Public Safety Canada (PS)

ER 6.1 Coordinated enforcement action to address illegal drugs and substances, including illegal opioids.

Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)

ER 7.1 The RCMP will increase awareness of drugs and illegal substances among stakeholders by developing education products, supporting outreach and engagement efforts, and building new partnerships.

ER 7.2 The RCMP will focus its efforts to undertake investigations and initiatives focusing on the highest threats related to organized crime networks including those involved in the importation and trafficking of illegal drugs, including illegal opioids.

Correctional Service Canada (CSC)

ER 8.1 Timely case preparation and supervision of provincial offenders with a drug offence (Schedule II).

Parole Board of Canada (PBC)

ER 9.1 Conditional release decisions contribute to keeping communities' safe.

ER 9.2 The timely exchange of relevant information with victims, offenders, observers, other components of the criminal justice system, and the general public.

Public Prosecution Service of Canada (PPSC)

ER 10.1 Provision of pre-charge legal advice and litigation support, as well as the prosecution of drug offences under the CDSA in all provinces and territories regardless of which police agency investigates the alleged offences, except Quebec and New Brunswick. In these two provinces, the PPSC prosecutes only drug offences investigated by the RCMP.

ER 10.2 Provision of pre-charge legal advice and litigation support, as well as the prosecution of serious drug offences under the CDSA to which mandatory minimum penalties are applicable.

ER 10.3 Support the work of the program by providing key corporate services.

Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA)

ER 11.1.1 Continue to increase awareness and capacity to gather information and intelligence of illegal drug issues relative to the border.

ER 11.1.2 Continue to increase intelligence support to regional enforcement activities to interdict goods entering and leaving Canada under the CDSS.

ER 11.1.3 Continue to improve relationships and communication with partner agencies under the CDSS to identify opportunities and improve intelligence activities such as targeting and information sharing and laboratory analysis related to illegal drugs and other goods (such as precursor chemicals) identified under the CDSS as they relate to the border.

ER 11.2.1 The Criminal Investigations program will continue to work collaboratively with other Law Enforcement Agencies (LEA) when goods fall within the CDSA, schedules are intercepted, and a border nexus identified. Activities include gathering evidence at ports of entry to participation in controlled deliveries and joint investigations with partner LEA.

ER 11.2.2 Continuation of additional sampling, analysis and increased use of mobile laboratory capabilities to assist in the detection of precursor chemicals at the ports of entry.

Global Affairs Canada (GAC)

ER 12.1 To assist the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the Organization of American States-Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (OAS-CICAD) to fulfill their respective mandates in the fight against drugs and transnational crime, including efforts to reduce the supply and availability of illegal drugs.

Canada Revenue Agency

ER 13.1 30 audits of taxpayers involved in the production and distribution of illegal drugs resulting in (re) assessments of $2.0 million of federal taxes.

Public Services and Procurement Canada (PSPC)

ER 14.1 Increase operational capacity to provide forensic accounting services to law enforcement agencies and prosecutors. These services assist in determining whether the assets identified were derived from criminal activities, thereby allowing the Crown to seize the assets and remove the financial incentives from the crime.

Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada (FINTRAC)

ER 15.1 Given the importance of the CDSS initiative, FINTRAC will continue to work with law enforcement and intelligence agencies to ensure they receive financial intelligence related to drug production and distribution that is useful for further actions.

2017-18 Performance Indicators

Health Canada

PI 1.1 Percentage of licensed dealers inspected that are deemed to be compliant with the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act and its regulations.

PI 1.2.1 Percentage of applications for an exemption to operate a Supervised Consumption Site that receive a decision within the service standard from the time the review is complete.

PI 1.2.2 Percentage of the United Nations Annual Report Questionnaire completed with Canadian data.

PI 1.3.1 Percentage of samples analyzed within service standards (60 days or negotiated date).

PI 1.3.2 Number of alerts issued to clients and to provincial and territorial health authorities on newly identified potent illegal drugs in communities.

PI 1.4 Percentage of pharmacies inspected that are deemed to be compliant with the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act and its regulations.

PI 1.5 CDSS performance measurement strategy revised and implemented.

PI 1.6.1 Number of applications received and new projects funded.

PI 1.6.2 Number and type of knowledge products created by existing projects.

PI 1.6.3 Extent to which existing project stakeholders have used knowledge to change their standards of practice and/or policies.

Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)

PI 2.1.1 Number of apparent opioid-related deaths and rate of apparent opioid-related deaths^{Footnote 7} per 100,000 population.

PI 2.1.2 Percentage of provinces and territories reporting apparent opioid-related deaths on a quarterly basis.

PI 2.2.1 Percentage reduction in the number of new HIV diagnoses associated with injection drug use.

PI 2.2.2 Percentage decrease of sharing drug use equipment among people who use drugs.

Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)

PI 3.1 The proportion of funded research projects with a nature and scope that support CDSS goals^{Footnote 8}.

PI 3.2.1 Percentage of grant recipients producing policy-relevant knowledge products, such as research publications, policy briefs, guidelines for policies or practice, presentations to policy audiences, and media mentions.

PI 3.2.2 Number of health research publications related to problematic substance use.

PI 3.2.3 Percentage of federal health publications in areas related to problematic substance use (from Health Canada and the Public Health Agency of Canada) citing CIHR-funded research.

Indigenous Services Canada (ISC)

PI 4.1 Number of First Nations and Inuit communities that deliver harm reduction programming.

PI 4.2 Average percentage of First Nations people and Inuit per community who received substance use community-based supports.

Department of Justice Canada (DOJ)

PI 5.1.1 Percentage of Drug Treatment Court participants retained for 6 months.

PI 5.1.2 Percentage of total Urine Drug Test results that came back negative for drugs.

PI 5.2.1 Number/nature of projects; targeted groups; type of program (e.g. training, program development, conference).

PI 5.2.2 Number and type of Knowledge Enhancement (KE) mechanisms created by intended audience.

PI 5.2.3 Number, frequency, reach of a) internal KE opportunities for CDSS partners, e.g. GCpedia, capacity building sessions, speaker series, webinars, and b) external KE opportunities^{Footnote 9}.

Public Safety Canada (PS)

PI 6.1 Timely sharing of evidence-based knowledge and intelligence to support law enforcement actions against illegal drugs and substances, including illegal opioids.

Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)

PI 7.1.1 Number and nature of awareness products.

PI 7.1.2 Number and category (targeted audiences) of stakeholders reached.

PI 7.1.3 Percentage of participants from targeted audiences who demonstrate an increase in awareness of problematic drug and substance use^{Footnote 10}.

PI 7.1.4 Number and nature of number of partnerships and collaborations.

PI 7.1.5 Qualitative assessment of extent partners have been engaged.

PI 7.2.1 Number and nature of collaboration and coordination efforts related to enforcement with domestic partners^{Footnote 11}.

PI 7.2.2 Number and nature of collaboration and coordination efforts related to enforcement with international partners.

PI 7.2.3 Number of investigations initiated regarding illegal drug production and/or distribution^{Footnote 12}.

PI 7.2.4 Number/type/nature of seizures made by Federal Serious and Organized Crime (FSOC) units related to investigations on illegal drug production and/or distribution^{Footnote 13}.

Correctional Services Canada (CSC)

PI 8.1.1 Total number of provincial offenders convicted of a drug offence (Schedule II) supervised by CSC.

PI 8.1.2 Total number of provincial offenders convicted of a drug offence (Schedule II) with a residency requirement.

PI 8.1.3 Total number of case preparation reports (pre- and post-release) completed for all provincial offenders.

Parole Board of Canada (PBC)

PI 9.1 The percentage of provincial offenders convicted of drug offences who successfully complete parole.

PI 9.2 The percentage of individuals (i.e., general public and victims) who are satisfied with the quality of the service.

Public Prosecution Service of Canada (PPSC)

PI 10.1.1 Number of litigation files related to the prosecution of drug offences under the CDSA referred to the PPSC during the fiscal year.

PI 10.1.2 Number of files for which legal advice was provided by PPSC counsel.

PI 10.2.1 Number of litigation files related to the prosecution of serious drug offences under the CDSA referred to the PPSC during the fiscal year to which mandatory minimum penalties are applicable.

PI 10.2.2 Number of files for which legal advice was provided by PPSC counsel where mandatory minimum penalties are applicable.

PI 10.3 Percentage of overall CDSS-related expenditures for corporate support to in-house legal staff.

Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA)

PI 11.1 Average dollar value of goods, shipments and conveyances seized attributed to Intelligence.

PI 11.2 CBSA will explore the possibility of creating a Performance Indicator for Criminal Investigations.

Global Affairs Canada (GAC)

PI 12.1.1 Number of illegal drug seizures made by GAC-financed/UNODC trained Port Control Units in beneficiary countries.

PI 12.1.2 Volume of illegal drug seized by GAC-financed/UNODC trained Port Control Units in beneficiary countries.

Canada Revenue Agency

PI 13.1 Change rate: 80% or more of audits resulting in (re) assessments.

Public Services and Procurement Canada (PSPC)

PI 14.1.1 Number of active CDSS files (projects) related to determining whether the assets of a suspect were derived from criminal activities. This is further measured by classifying the stage or status of each investigation (for example; still in legal process, proceed to trial, settled before trial or closed by client).

PI 14.1.2 Number of Forensic Accounting Reports produced during the fiscal year.

Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada (FINTRAC)

PI 15.1 Total number of FINTRAC disclosures of actionable financial intelligence made to regime partners, and the number of unique disclosures of actionable financial intelligence that relate to at least one drug-related offence.

2017-18 Targets

Health Canada

T 1.1 The target value will be determined by March 31, 2019. The risk-based methodologies behind assigning compliance ratings are evolving, therefore more licensed dealers may be found compliant in 2018-19. An appropriate target for 2019-20 will be established once the 2018-19 compliance rate is known.

T 1.2.1 90% by March 31, 2018.

T 1.2.2 90% by April 1, 2022.

T 1.3.1 95% of certificates of analysis issued within service standards or negotiated date.

T 1.3.2 Demand driven.

T 1.4 95% by March 31, 2019.

T 1.5 Implemented by March 31, 2019.

T 1.6 The Substance Use and Addictions Program will work with the Controlled Substances Directorate of Health Canada and other partners to develop targets for new outcomes and indicators implemented in the program in 2017-18 following completion of the current call for proposals.

Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)

T 2.1.1             Decrease in baseline year over year to 2022^{Footnote 14}.

T 2.1.2 100% by 2017-18.

T 2.2.1 25% decrease by 2022.

T 2.2.2 10% decrease in sharing of drug equipment among people who use drugs, by 2020, 15% decrease by 2022.

Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)

T 3.1 100% annually.

T 3.2.1 75% of grant recipients produce policy-relevant knowledge products by 2022.

T 3.2.2 100% of grant recipients producing research publications related to problematic substance use by 2022.

T 3.2.3 18% of federal health publications in areas related to problematic substance use (from Health Canada and the Public Health Agency of Canada) cite CIHR-funded research by 2022.

Indigenous Services Canada (ISC)

T 4.1 8 communities by March 2019 (Number of First Nations and Inuit communities that deliver harm reduction programming).

T 4.2 14.04% by March 2021 (Average percentage of First Nations people and Inuit per community who received substance use community-based supports).

Department of Justice Canada (DOJ)

T 5.1.1 In support of the CDSS Treatment component, eligible adult offenders are supported to address their drug dependencies. Target: 25% of participants are retained for six months in federally funded Drug Treatment Court programs.

T 5.1.2 In support of the CDSS Treatment component, eligible adult offenders are supported to address their drug dependencies. Target: 50% of all Urine Drug Test results that came back negative for drugs.

T 5.2 The full budget allocation is forecasted to be expanded for the upcoming fiscal year to support drug treatment programming for youth involved in the justice system. Specifically, there will be 2 projects continuing from previous years and up to 9 new projects commencing in 2017-18.

Public Safety Canada (PS)

T 6.1 100% completion of planned coordination activities based on an integrated law enforcement work plan.

Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)

T 7.1.1 5 drug related awareness products.

T 7.1.2 Approximately 500 stakeholders will be reached (stakeholders include Police, Public/Youth, and Industry/Other stakeholders).

T 7.1.3 85% of participants from targeted audiences will demonstrate an increase in awareness.

T 7.1.4 At least 20 partnerships/collaborations.

T 7.1.5 Qualitative assessment.

T 7.2.1-4 Targets are not applicable as these will vary by province/territory and is based on need.

Correctional Services Canada (CSC)

T 8.1.1 Approximately 52 provincial offenders convicted of a drug offence (Schedule II) are supervised by CSC.

T 8.1.2 Approximately 34 provincial offenders convicted of a drug offence (Schedule II) have a residency requirement.

T 8.1.3 Approximately 832 case preparation reports (pre- and post-release) are completed for all provincial offenders.

Parole Board of Canada (PBC)

T 9.1 98% of provincial offenders serving sentences for drug offences who are on parole are not convicted of a violent offence during their supervision period.

T 9.2 80% of individuals are satisfied with the quality of the service.

Public Prosecution Service of Canada (PPSC)

T 10.1 Targets are not applicable owing to the nature of the PPSC's workload and mandate.

Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA)

T 11.1 Not applicable.

Global Affairs Canada (GAC)

T 12.1.1 Illegal drug seizures are made in all beneficiary countries benefiting from GAC-financed/UNODC trained port control units.

T 12.1.2 At least 20 tons of illegal drugs are seized by GAC-financed/UNODC trained port control units.

Canada Revenue Agency (CRA)

T 13.1 30 audits of taxpayers involved in the production and distribution of illegal drugs resulting in (re) assessments of $2.0 million of federal taxes. Leads will be obtained by the Criminal Investigations Division, from the RCMP, and from other enforcement agencies involved in enforcement activities relating to illegal drug use, production and distribution; these will be forwarded to the Small and Medium Enterprises Directorate to be considered for audit. Emphasis will continue to be placed on intelligence-led strategic file selection in an effort to reduce the probability of illegal/criminal activities in this sector.

Public Services and Procurement Canada (PSPC)

T 14.1 The Forensic Accounting Management Group (FAMG) is expected to maintain the equivalent of three dedicated resources to work with law enforcement agencies and prosecution services on CDSS files. The targets are dependent on the projects they assign to FAMG and are based on the resource capacity of the three senior forensic accounts.

Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada (FINTRAC)

T 15.1 FINTRAC seeks to closely align its financial intelligence products with the needs and priorities of its investigative partners. As such, the Centre does not set specific targets for the number or types of drug-related case disclosures it produces in any fiscal year.

2017-18 Actual results

Health Canada

AR 1.1 99% of licensed dealers inspected were deemed to be compliant with the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act and its regulations.

AR 1.2.1 56% of applications for a Supervised Consumption Site (SCS) were processed within the service standard in 2017-18. HC streamlined the SCS application process and as a result of many policy decisions authorized 26 supervised consumption sites in four provinces (compared to 2 authorized in 2016-17).

AR 1.2.2 70% of the United Nations Annual Report Questionnaire completed with Canadian data in 2017-18.

AR 1.3.1 97.4% of certificates of analysis were issued within service standards or negotiated date. In 2017-18, results for 127,384 exhibits were provided to Canadian law enforcement agencies, representing a 10.5% increase compared to exhibits analysed in 2016-17.

AR 1.3.2 74 drug alerts were issued to clients and to provincial and territorial health authorities on newly identified potent illegal drugs in communities and summary reports on drugs analyzed were shared quarterly with health partners and clients.

AR 1.4 87% of pharmacies inspected deemed compliant with the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act and its regulations. A Risk Based Approach was implemented in 2017-18, resulting in lower compliance than prior years. Compliance promotion and education activities are likely to increase compliance in 2018-19.

AR 1.5 Initial scoping and outreach to partners on the plan for the Performance Indicator Review was completed.  

AR 1.6.3 The majority of existing initiatives showed progress in connecting stakeholders to evidence, community engagement and policy, program and practice change. Specifically, improvements to school-based policies and programs and capacity related to trauma- and gender-informed practice were reported.

Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)

AR 2.1.1 There were at least 1,000 apparent opioid-related deaths between January 2018 and March 2018. The number of apparent opioid-related deaths between January and March 2018 increased by 5% compared to the same time period in 2017 and 44% compared to the same time period in 2016^{Footnote 15}.

AR 2.1.1.1 There were 3,996 apparent opioid-related deaths in 2017, corresponding to a death rate of 10.9 per 100,000 population. In comparison, there were 3,005 apparent opioid-related deaths in 2016, corresponding to a death rate of 8.3 per 100,000 population^{Footnote 16}.

AR 2.1.2 100% of PTs are reporting as of September 2017.

AR 2.2.1 Project results to be available in 2018-19.

AR 2.2.2 Project results to be available in 2018-19.

Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)

AR 3.1 In 2017-18, CIHR funded 22 knowledge syntheses; examples:  A systematic review of interventions to promote safer and more effective opioid prescribing for chronic non-cancer pain; Prescription monitoring programs for regulating opioid prescribing; Best practices to enhance prevention and treatment of opioid dependence in Indigenous contexts in Alberta.

AR 3.1.1 In 2017-18, CIHR hosted a knowledge exchange event in collaboration with federal partners to facilitate dialogue between researchers and policy makers focused on exploring legal and policy frameworks for problematic substance use (June 2017).

AR 3.1.2 In 2017-18, CIHR hosted a knowledge exchange event in collaboration with federal partners to facilitate dialogue between researchers and policy makers to provide information on the CRISM National Treatment Guideline and issues surrounding its implementation in different settings (November 2018).

AR 3.2 A notable example of a national CRISM project is the National Guideline for the Clinical Management of Opioid Use Disorder, developed through an extensive consultation process with experts and people with lived and living experience, which delivers a comprehensive set of recommendations to health care providers for managing opioid use disorder.

AR 3.2.1-3 Baseline data to be established in 2018-19.

Indigenous Services Canada (ISC)

AR 4.1 Data will not be available until the Fall 2018 (target date: October 2018).

AR 4.2 Data will not be available until the Fall 2018 (target date: October 2018).

Department of Justice Canada (DOJ)

AR 5.1.1 37% of participants retained for six months in federally funded Drug Treatment Court programs.

AR 5.1.2 58.9% of all Urine Drug Test results that came back negative for drugs.

AR 5.2.1 In 2017-18, the Youth Justice Fund committed to support ten projects to enhance capacity to deliver a range of drug treatment services and programs targeted at young people in conflict with the law. Five of these projects were ongoing from previous fiscal years and five were newly approved in 2017-18.

AR 5.2.2 The Youth Justice and Strategic Initiatives Section (YJSIS) held one 2-hour webinar in November 2017, reaching 369 participants from multiple sectors across Canada, which addressed youth justice programming including culturally appropriate addiction support services funded by the Youth Justice Fund – Drug Treatment component.

Public Safety Canada (PS)

AR 6.1 100%

Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)

AR 7.1.1 4 drug related awareness products on Cannabis and Fentanyl were created and disseminated to various partners including a national standardized Fentanyl presentation for police, an awareness fact sheet on the indicators of a fentanyl drug lab to educate landlords and those in the rental business.

AR 7.1.2 In total, 4,000 Fentanyl Awareness Sheets, 4,000 Fentanyl Drug Lab Awareness Sheets and 3,000 Fentanyl Awareness Posters were shared during 2017-18, far exceeding the target of 500.

AR 7.1.3 41 RCMP detachments offered the Aboriginal Shield Program to Aboriginal youth. 63% of participants improved their awareness with an average improvement of 12.25%. DARE was facilitated in 317 locations and the Kids and Drugs Awareness Program was facilitated 28 times. In British Columbia, 95 drug awareness presentations were provided to 8,000 youth.

AR 7.1.4 24 new engagement opportunities were created during 2017-18.

AR 7.1.5 The RCMP consulted with subject matter experts and created a national standardized presentation on Fentanyl for police and distributed to members of Federal Policing Serious and Organized Crime units and delivered through Contract and Aboriginal Policing channels.

AR 7.2.1 The RCMP led the National Enforcement Strategy on Opioids and the Organized Crime Joint Operation Centre, which provides intelligence/coordination to investigative units. The RCMP informed Canadian Law Enforcement Partners of the strategy and the need for timely exchange of information and deconfliction and reached out to large police services to obtain their assistance in enforcement actions.

AR 7.2.2 The RCMP held meetings with China to get support for jointly investigating Chinese suppliers shipping synthetic opioids to Canada. The RCMP, United States and Mexico, completed a trilateral threat assessment on opioid trafficking in North America and the RCMP was invited to share their experience/strategies with international partners at various forums.

AR 7.2.3 A total of 9,214 investigations were initiated during 2017-18 regarding illegal drug production and/or distribution.

AR 7.2.4 A variety of illegal drugs were seized including cannabis, cocaine, opioids, amphetamines and hallucinogens, valued at approx. $108M. The RCMP, in partnership with Canadian and international partners, were involved in the intercept of several shipments of cocaine originating from South America/Caribbean regions.

AR 7.2.4.1 The RCMP, US Homeland Security Investigations and the US Drug Enforcement Agency, with the assistance of the US Coast Guard and the Canadian Forces, intercepted a sailboat and seized 1,800 kgs of cocaine (destined for Canada) off the east coast of Canada in December 2017.

AR 7.2.4.2 Domestically, the RCMP took down four on-line vendors (one in Quebec and three in British Columbia) operating on the dark web offering synthetic opioids for sale, among other drugs; these vendors were shipping hundreds of parcels a month to users in Canada, US, Australia and Europe.

AR 7.2.4.3 Charges have been laid against three individuals in relation to the vendor operating out of Montreal, while in the cases of the three other vendors in British Columbia, the operations were disrupted and charges are pending awaiting approval by PPSC.

AR 7.2.4.4 2017-18 saw the largest fentanyl pill seizure in Canada (128,846 fentanyl pills) and the dismantling of a complex clandestine drug lab using new techniques to produce illegal drugs.

Correctional Services Canada (CSC)

AR 8.1.1 During 2017-18, CSC supervised on average 54 provincial offenders convicted of a Schedule II offence (drug offence), which is slightly higher than the average for 2016-17 (n=50).

AR 8.1.2 The residency rate for this population was at 62% (n=31) in 2016-17 and remained the same for FY 2017-18 (n=33).

AR 8.1.2.1 While the overall population of offenders convicted of a Schedule II offence (both incarcerated and in the community) has increased, the proportion of supervised offenders in the community with a Schedule II offence has remained the same at around 30% (50/169 in 2016-17 to 54/177 in 2017-18).

AR 8.1.3 With respect to case preparation, a total of 830 case preparation reports (pre- and post-release) were completed in 2017-18 for the entire provincial population under CSC’s jurisdiction, representing an increase of 38 completed case preparation reports from 2016-17.

AR 8.1.3.1 Looking at the number of case preparation reports completed in comparison to the number of provincial offenders convicted of a Schedule II offence (drug offence), an average of 129.9 case preparation reports (pre- and post-release) were completed for the target population.

AR 8.1.4.1 Overall, the data is demonstrating that the number of provincial offenders under CSC’s jurisdiction has remained relatively constant in 2017-18, including the number of offenders being gradually transitioned through community-based accommodations.

AR 8.1.4.2 The proportion of provincial offenders with a Schedule II offence, compared to the overall supervised provincial population also remained the same at 30%.

Parole Board of Canada (PBC)

AR 9.1 100%

AR 9.2 89%

Public Prosecution Service of Canada (PPSC)

AR 10.1.1 In 2017-18, the PPSC handled 22,508 CDSS-related litigation files consisting of drug production and distribution offences. Of these, 20,262 included distribution offences, 464 included production offences, and an additional 1,113 files included both production and distribution offences. The remaining 669 files had not yet been updated at the time of writing to indicate which CDSA charge applies.

AR 10.1.1.1 It should be noted that most NADS files include charges other than those related to serious drug offences under the CDSA, mainly Criminal Code charges. In addition some NADS-related activity occurs in the context where it is not differentiated according to the individual file (e.g. docket court). As a result, the time entered on such files will constitute an overestimation of actual NADS-related activity. Since the time recorded on litigation files is not initiative- or charge-specific, it is not possible to specifically attribute an exact number of hours to specific charges.

AR 10.1.2 The PPSC contributes to optimal investigation practices through the provision of legal intervention/assistance/advice to members of the RCMP^{Footnote 17} and other police services. During 2017-18, the PPSC provided 21,730 hours of pre-charge legal advice on 1,139 files which were either new or carried over CDSA files relating to sections 5(10, 5(2), 6(1), 6(2), 7(1), 7(2) and 7.1.

AR 10.2.1 Of the aforementioned 22,508 CDSS-related files, 1,501 files had minimum mandatory penalties totalling 2,704 charges and 31,996 hours dedicated to the conduct of these files.

AR 10.2.2 During 2017-18, the PPSC also dedicated 273 hours of pre-charge legal advice on 44 CDSS-related files having minimum mandatory penalties.

AR 10.3 In 2017-18, the PPSC allocated 11% of overall CDSS-related expenditures for corporate support to in-house legal staff.

Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA)

AR 11.1 The average dollar value of goods, shipments and conveyances seized attributed to Intelligence was $5.9M for 2017-18.

AR 11.1.1 The CBSA has undertaken numerous projects and analytical products to promote situational awareness and operational intervention and disruption of drug smuggling in 2017-18. The CBSA has successfully operationalized intelligence information resulting in a ratio of intelligence led seizures compared to non-intelligence led seizures (in dollars) at 16:1.

AR 11.1.2 In 2017-18 the CBSA made 16,187 drug seizures, valued at $512 million. This includes 109 fentanyl seizures.

AR 11.1.3 In February 2017, the CBSA, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and the Canada Post Corporation established a Joint Operations Centre (JOC) to enhance the Government of Canada's response to reduce the supply of opioids and organized crime (OC). The function of the JOC is to assist in the coordination of an effective and timely operational response to the importation, production and trafficking of opioids and chemical precursors. The JOC also provides tactical support to opioid related investigations and the threat-related activities of persons participating with these OC groups.

AR 11.2 The CBSA does not have the legislative authority to conduct investigations under the CDSA. It does however prosecute cases where drugs under Schedule IV are intercepted at ports of entry. In 2017-18 CBSA Criminal Investigations opened 60 leads and nine (9) cases related to steroids.

AR 11.2.1 The CBSA continues to work closely with Border Five (B5) partners to increase communication and targeting efforts resulting in increased interdictions across B5 countries. In 2017-18, 5.23% of CBSA’s illicit narcotic seizures made in the air passenger mode were attributed to the work of the Agency’s National Targeting Centre (NTC). The CBSA also worked with regional counterparts to increase information sharing and identification of possible associated illicit shipments/entities entering/departing Canada.

AR 11.2.2 The Science and Engineering Directorate (CBSA Laboratory) continues to provide scientific support to the Agency through the testing and sampling of exhibits related to cross-border trafficking of illicit drugs and precursor chemicals. For 2017-18 the CBSA Laboratory analyzed 5,276 suspected contraband substances (including precursor chemicals). Overall, 119 exhibits were found to contain CDSA Class A or Class B precursors (including GBL, propionyl chloride, ephedrine and 3,4 Methylenedioxyphenyl 2 propanone) and other exhibits were found to contain unregulated precursor chemicals.

AR 11.2.3 In order to increase the Agency’s ability to handle and detect precursors and drugs (including opioids) at ports of entry, the CBSA Laboratory conducted a field trial over a six-month period at a large port of entry. The field trial was conducted to evaluate the implementation of new detection technology and safety equipment (fume hoods and personal protective equipment) at the port of entry which would allow samples to be safely opened and screened. In addition to improving safety, these advances could also improve sample analysis times which would help facilitate legitimate trade and improve enforcement related to controlled substances. Over the six-month field trial, 1,017 additional samples were screened for drugs and precursor chemicals.

Global Affairs Canada (GAC)

AR 12.1.1 144 illegal drug seizures were made by GAC-financed/UNODC trained Port Control Units in beneficiary countries in 2017-18.

AR 12.1.2 44 tons of illegal drugs were seized by GAC-financed/UNODC trained port control units in 2017-18.

Canada Revenue Agency (CRA)

AR 13.1 The CRA completed 36 audits of taxpayers involved in the production and distribution of illegal drugs and generated Tax Earned by Audit (TEBA) in the amount of $4.6M. The actual change rate was 83%.

Public Services and Procurement Canada (PSPC)

AR 14.1.1 At the beginning of 2017-18, FAMG had 75 open and active CDSS investigations. During the year, 15 new investigations were added and 50 were closed, leaving 40 open and active investigations at the end of the year.

AR 14.1.1.1 With regard to the 50 investigations closed: two went to trial and a court decision was rendered; nine were settled/negotiated by the crown before trial; one investigation the crown declined to approve charges; and 38 were closed by the client.

AR 14.1.2 During Fiscal 2017-18, FAMG issued 28 CDSS Forensic Account Reports to clients.

Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada (FINTRAC)

AR 15.1 In 2017-18, the total number of FINTRAC disclosures of actionable financial intelligence made to regime partners was 2,466, including 603 unique cases that related to at least one drug-related offence. These case disclosures relate to suspicions of money laundering or terrorist financing where the predicate offence is believed to be drug distribution or production.

Chemicals Management Plan

General information

Name of horizontal initiative

Chemicals Management Plan

Lead departments

Health Canada

Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch:

• Safe Environments Directorate;
• Consumer Product Safety Directorate; and,
• Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate.

Health Products and Food Branch:

• Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate;
• Food Directorate;
• Policy, Planning and International Affairs Directorate; and,
• Veterinary Drugs Directorate.

Pest Management Regulatory Agency

Regulatory Operations and Regions Branch:

• Consumer Product Safety Program; and,
• Environmental Health Program.

Environment and Climate Change Canada

Environmental Protection Branch:

• Industrial Sectors, Chemicals and Waste Directorate;
• Legislative and Regulatory Affairs Directorate;
• Energy and Transportation Directorate; and,
• Environmental Protection Operations Directorate.

Science and Technology Branch:

• Science and Risk Assessment Directorate;
• Wildlife and Landscape Sciences Directorate;
• Atmospheric Science and Technology Directorate; and,
• Water Science and Technology Directorate.

Enforcement Branch:

• Environmental Enforcement Directorate.

Strategic Policy Branch:

• Economic Analysis Directorate.

Federal partner department(s)

Public Health Agency of Canada

• Health Security Infrastructure Branch.
• Centre for Emergency Preparedness and Response.

Non‑federal and non‑governmental partner(s)

Not applicable

Start date of the horizontal initiative

2007-08

End date of the horizontal initiative

2020-21

Description of the horizontal initiative

Originally launched in 2006, the Chemicals Management Plan (CMP) enables the Government of Canada to protect human health and the environment by addressing substances of concern in Canada.

Jointly managed by Health Canada (HC) and Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC), the CMP brings all existing federal chemical programs together under a single strategy. This integrated approach allows the Government of Canada to address various routes of exposure to chronic and acute hazardous substances. It also enables use of the most appropriate management tools among a full suite of federal laws, which include the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA), the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA), the Food and Drugs Act (F&DA), the Pest Control Products Act (PCPA), the Fisheries Act and the Forestry Act.

The third phase (CMP3) includes both substance groupings and single substance assessments. Similar to CMP2, groupings are created where possible to gain efficiencies in the assessment process. Where groupings are not possible, single substance assessments are conducted.

Integration across government programs remains critical since many remaining substances are found in consumer, cosmetic, health, drug and other products. In addition to releases from products, substances may be released at various points along other areas of their life cycle, such as during the manufacturing and disposal.

The same core functions that have been part of phases one and two continue in phase three of the CMP: risk assessment; risk management; compliance promotion and enforcement; research; monitoring and surveillance; stakeholder engagement and risk communications; and, policy and program management. Information gathering is a key activity undertaken to support these core functions.

For more information, see the Government of Canada’s Chemical Substances Portal.

Governance structures

In the overall delivery of the CMP, HC and ECCC have a shared responsibility in attaining objectives and results. In meeting their obligations pursuant to the CMP, the Departments deliver their responsibilities through established internal departmental governance structures, as well as a joint CMP governance structure to address shared responsibilities. Efforts are also made to harmonize vertical and horizontal performance reporting indicators (e.g., CMP Performance Management Strategy, the CMP contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy, etc.) for CMP.

The CMP has a horizontal governance framework which ensures integration, co-ordination, joint decision making and clear accountabilities. Under the CMP Integrated Horizontal Governance Framework, the joint CMP Assistant Deputy Ministers Committee (CMP ADM Committee) reports to both the HC and ECCC Deputy Ministers.

The CMP ADM committee is supported by a Director General (DG) committee. The CMP DGs Committee consists of DGs from all partner programs within HC and ECCC, and provides strategic direction, oversight and a challenge function for the CMP's overall implementation. The CMP DGs also play a lead role in directing, monitoring and providing a challenge function for the core elements of the CMP, namely the delivery of the chemicals agenda under CEPA.

This DG level committee is supported by the CMP Steering Committee, which is a Director level committee intended to provide oversight on CMP issues related to the CEPA chemicals agenda.

Total federal funding allocated from 2007-08 to 2020-21 (dollars)

$1,308,179,400

Total federal planned spending to March 31, 2018 (dollars)

$1,012,207,530

Total federal actual spending to March 31, 2018 (dollars)

$969,153,090 (Includes Phases I, II and III)

Date of last renewal of the horizontal initiative

October 2014

Total federal funding allocated at last renewal, and source of funding (dollars)

Phase III, $493,286,450; Source of funding: Budget 2015

Additional federal funding received after the last renewal (dollars)

None

Funding contributed by non‑federal and non‑governmental partners

Not applicable

Fiscal year of planned completion of next evaluation

2019-20, led by the Office of Audit and Evaluation, HC/PHAC

Shared outcome of federal partners*

* In the 2017-18 Departmental Plan (DP), it was stated that Shared Outcome performance indicators and targets would be reported in the 2017-18 Departmental Results Report (DRR). However, given the introduction of the new TBS Policy on Results, the focus in 2017-18 was on the development of Departmental-specific Performance Information Profiles (PIPs). These PIPs are being used to update the CMP horizontal performance measurement framework, and will support reporting moving forward. Therefore reporting on Shared Outcomes will resume in the 2018-19 DRR.

The Shared Outcomes listed in the 2017-18 DP were as follows:

Immediate Outcomes:

• Research knowledge on substances of concern is made available to HC and ECCC recipients to inform risk assessment, risk management, risk communication and stakeholder engagement, monitoring and surveillance, and international activities;
• Information on the risks of substances is used by HC and ECCC recipients to inform risk management, risk communication and stakeholder engagement, monitoring and surveillance, and research activities;
• Data on the use, release, exposure and presence of substances of concern in humans, the environment, food and consumer products is used by HC and ECCC recipients or other stakeholders;
• Targeted industry conforms or complies with requirements of risk management measures; and,
• Targeted industry takes voluntary or enforced action to protect Canadians and the environment.

Intermediate Outcomes:

• Risks associated with harmful substances in humans, the environment, food, pesticides, and consumer products are prevented, minimized or eliminated;
• Targeted industry understands its obligations to take action to protect Canadians and the environment;
• Canadians use information to avoid or minimize risks posed by these substances;
• Canadians and stakeholder groups understand information on the risks and safe use of substances of concern; and,

• Improved program decision-making and program performance.

Final Outcome:

• Reduced threats to health and the environment from harmful substances.

Performance indicators:

* See note above

Targets:

* See note above

Data source and frequency of monitoring and reporting

* See note above

Results

* See note above

Expected outcome of non‑federal and non‑governmental partners

Not applicable

Name of theme

Not applicable

Performance highlights

Summary

In 2017-18, HC and ECCC continued to assess and manage the potential health and ecological risks from remaining priority existing substances. Screening Assessment Reports and Risk Management Strategies for most priorities identified in a publicly available work plan were completed, and risk management measures continued to be developed, implemented, tracked and monitored. As well, new substance notifications were assessed within their mandated timelines, and risk management instruments for these new timelines were developed, within mandated timeframes, as required for substances considered harmful to human health and/or the environment.

HC continued to conduct risk assessments and develop and implement risk management measures to address risks posed by harmful substances in foods and food packaging materials, consumer products, cosmetics and drinking water while work continued on the re-evaluation of previously approved pesticides according to legislated timelines and requirements under the PCPA.

The program continued to conduct research and monitoring programs to address existing and emerging substances of concern, and to inform risk assessment and risk management activities.

Compliance promotion strategies and enforcement plans were also developed and delivered for CMP substances. The focus in 2017-18 was on delivering compliance promotion and enforcement activities for the highest priority instruments as determined by the compliance and enforcement priority setting processes. Regions conducted activities to support compliance promotion for stakeholders regarding their legal obligations related to CMP (e.g., reporting requirements reminders, information sessions, stakeholder database updates). Enforcement also undertook region-specific activities in order to ensure compliance with the regulatory instruments.

Stakeholder engagement and public outreach activities continued in 2017-18. The CMP Science Committee started its second term in the fall of 2017. The first meeting of the new term was held in January 2018 on the topic of “Informed Substitution”. The CMP Stakeholder Advisory Council continued to provide an important forum for discussion on program implementation and future directions and included a focus session (panel) on the lived experiences of Canadians impacted by chemical exposures. Capacity building arrangements continue to be implemented by HC to serve as a single window for incoming/outgoing information about the CMP to other Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Indigenous groups.

Public Outreach continues to be delivered via multiple platforms, such as a national media campaign, (print and radio), social media, plain language fact sheets for Canadians on chemicals of interest, and grass roots outreach by HC regional partners. A marketing campaign, informed by Public Opinion Research, was developed to strengthen communication to Canadians about the health risks of chemicals substances in and around the home and how they can take action to protect their family. In 2017-18, HC and ECCC also collaborated to develop an exhibit on Environmental Health at the Biosphère Environment Museum in Montréal. The exhibit aims to raise public awareness about the health risks of chemicals and how to mitigate these risks.

Performance Details

Risk Assessment/Risk Management

A key component of the CMP has been the assessment, and management as appropriate, of the potential risks of 4,363 priority substances already on the Canadian market (existing substances) by 2021. The third phase of the CMP, which began in 2016-17 and will be in place until 2020-21, is intended to assess approximately 1,550 of the 4,363 remaining priority substances. In 2017-18, 314 CMP substances were assessed in Draft Screening Assessment Reports (DSARs). The following lists the substances or groups of substances, for which DSARs were completed in 2017-18.

Substances or group of substances

• Phenacetin
• EDTA and its Salts Group (4)
• Rapid screening of substances with limited general population exposure
• 74 Substances identified as being of low concern
• Thiols Group
• Arenes Group
• Sector-specific Inorganic UVCBs Group
• Chlorhexidine and its salts
• Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), sodium sulfide (Na(SH)) and sodium sulfide (Na2S)
• Acrylates and Methacrylates Group
• Eugenol and Isoeugenol Derivatives Group
• Stilbenes Group
• Phthalate Substance Grouping
• Alkyl Aryl Phosphites Group
• Heterocycles Group
• Poly(bios) Group
• Trimellitates Group
• Aliphatic Diesters Group
• Carboxylic Acid Anhydrides Group
• Carboxylic Acids Group
• Benzoates Group
• Thiocarbamates Group
• Cyanides
• Fatty Amides Group
• Seven Hydrocarbon-based substances

As of March 31, 2018, ECCC and HC published Final Screening Assessment Reports (FSARs) for 2,840 substances (65% of the 4,363). In 2017-18, 198 CMP substances were assessed in FSARs. In addition, one Science Approach document was published covering 14 substances with low human health hazard potential. Assessment conclusions for these substances will be included in screening assessment reports at a later date. The following lists the substances, or group of substances, for which FSARs were published in 2017-18.

Substances or group of substances

• Cobalt-containing Substance Grouping
• Methylenediphenyl Diisocyanate and Diamine (MDI/MDA) Substance Grouping
• Asphalt and oxidized asphalt
• Distillate aromatic extracts
• Chloral hydrate
• Alkyl Sulfates and α-Olefin Sulfonate Group
• Mitotane, BAPP, Sclareol
• Acetic Anhydride
• 2-MBS
• Short-chain alkanes
• Substituted Diphenylamine Substance Grouping
• Selenium-containing Substance Grouping
• Formic Acid and Formates Substance Group
• Approach for a Subset of Petroleum Substances Prioritized during Categorization
• Sulfurized lard oil
• 4-Vinylcyclohexene (4-VCH)

In 2017-18, ECCC and HC also jointly performed the screening assessment of micro-organisms listed on the Domestic Substances List (DSL). Draft Screening Assessment for one microorganism was published in the Canada Gazette, Part I (CG-I) for a 60-day public comment period. FSARs for nine micro-organisms were also published in the CG-I. As of March 31, 2018, HC and ECCC have published FSARs for 47 micro-organisms (68% of the 69 on the DSL). Work continues on the remaining screening assessments for several other micro-organisms of high and medium priority that are on the DSL.

In 2017-18, HC’s Pest Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA) completed 13 proposed re-evaluation decisions for old pesticides (registered prior to 1995), 31 cyclical re-evaluations (those registered after 1995) and five special reviews, required under the PCPA.

Risk management measures continued to be developed, implemented, tracked and monitored. Work with other jurisdictions bilaterally and in multinational fora to undertake regional and multilateral efforts to manage chemicals of concern also continued. Targeted risk management activities were published in 2017-18 for substances that were deemed harmful to human health and/or the environment. In total, there were 10 risk management instruments put in place to manage these toxic substances. Risk management instruments were developed under CEPA (1999) or the F&DA.

Proposed risk management instruments in 2017-18 include:

• Prohibition of Asbestos and Asbestos Products Regulations and Proposed Regulations Amending the Export of Substances on the Export Control List Regulations;
• Regulations Amending the Concentration of Phosphorus in Certain Cleaning Products Regulations;
• Toluene Diisocyanates (TDIs) proposed Pollution Prevention Planning Notice;
• Notice of intent to amend the DSL to vary the SNAc requirements for DEGME;
• Proposed Regulations Respecting Reduction in the Release of Volatile Organic Compounds (Petroleum Sector);
• Proposed Removal of Ethylene Oxide from the List of Permitted Food Additives with Other Accepted Uses; and,
• Proposed addition of hydroquinone to the prescription drug list.

Final risk management instruments include: Microbeads in Toiletries Regulations; the final removal of ethylene oxide from the list of permitted food additives with other accepted uses, and the Federal Environmental Quality Guidelines for Triclosan.

Five risk management Scope documents (Chlorhexidine and its Salt; DEHP and B79P from the Phthalates substance grouping; TMTD; and the Cyanides) and four risk management Approach documents (Cobalt and Cobalt- containing Substances; MDIs; Mitotane; Selenium and its compounds) were published.

In total, three Significant New Activity (SNAc) Notices of Intent (NOIs) were issued for four substances, one of which was toxic. Notices were published proposing to apply the SNAc provisions to three substances; one notice was issued proposing to vary the requirement for 31 substances, including 19 toxic substances; and two notices were published proposing to rescind the application of the SNAc provisions to one substance. One final order was issued for five living organisms, which were not toxic. One order was published rescinding the application of the SNAc provisions for 33 substances, none of which were toxic.

All 419 new substance notifications accepted from industry and due in 2017-18 were assessed, including those for living organisms. Of the 419 substances, 339 were chemicals and polymers, two were products of biotechnology, two were nanomaterials, and 65 were chemicals, polymers and living organisms in products regulated under the F&DA. Seven SNAc Notices and eight Ministerial Conditions were issued in 2017-18, with no prohibitions.

HC published the prioritized Revised "In Commerce List" (R-ICL) of substances in products regulated under the F&DA that were in Canadian commerce between January 1, 1987 and September 13, 2001 in August 2017 and updated the list to remove substances that already appear on Canada’s DSL. Assessment of these prioritized substances began with 20 substances assessed in 2017-18. All nominations received to the R-ICL (31 in total) were processed and all the substances that were found to be eligible for addition to the R-ICL were added during 2017-18.

HC also initiated the prioritization of substances on the R-ICL. In order to finalize this process, HC intends to prepare a final static list of all ICL substances. A Notice of Intent was published in April 2018 to announce that the nomination process will terminate one year from publishing a Final Notice.

In addition, a mandatory information gathering initiative was issued under section 71 of CEPA. The outcome of this information gathering initiative, aimed at determining the commercial status of 678 R-ICL substances, will be published as part of the 2017 Inventory Update. The data request focussed mostly on the commercial status, quantities and use patterns as applicable to the F&DA activities. HC was provided the data package in 2018. Subsequent analysis of the gathered information from the survey will be used to refine risk assessment priorities and work plans.

Three additional notices were published (mandatory surveys) under section 71 of CEPA. Summer 2017 and Fall 2017 notices for the risk management of approximately 80 substances and notices for certain micro-organisms (11 micro-organisms). Voluntary information gathering was conducted on a total of 17 organic groupings, one inorganic grouping and five individual substances to inform CMP3 assessments. In addition, a voluntary survey was issued seeking additional information to inform the commercial status of Bisphenol A (BPA) and certain bisphenols in Canada.

Maintaining up-to-date knowledge of commercial activities of chemical substances in Canada continues to be important for the delivery of the Government's domestic and international commitments. Information collected under the most recent inventory update (2017 IU) is being used to inform activities in priority setting, risk assessment and risk management programs at ECCC and HC, including prioritization for work beyond the CMP. The scope of inventory updates considers emerging science, evolving domestic and international programs and the timely information on the commercial status of substances in Canada in order to ensure future priorities are reflective of Canada's dynamic market.

HC also contributed to risk management activities related to drinking water quality in 2017-18. These activities are described elsewhere under Section II, Sub-Program 2.3.2: Water Quality in the 2017-18 DRR, as well as under the goal Clean Drinking Water in the 2017-18 Sustainable Development Supplementary Information Table.

Highlights for work related to consumer products and cosmetics in 2017-18 included the completion of cyclical enforcement projects involving: sampling and testing for harmful chemicals (ingredients listed as “fragrance” in cosmetics which resulted in two stop sales; boric acid in toys which led to three recalls; and, phthalates in toys which also led to three recalls); chemical requirements of glazed ceramics and glassware where no risk management action was necessary; and, levels of lead and cadmium in children’s jewellery which led to three recalls. Consumer Product Safety risk assessors and risk managers collaborated on assessment documents for talc, and are leading a risk assessment on parabens. Risk assessors and support staff provided cosmetic notification data to support the assessment of numerous CMP substances.

The Health Products and Food Branch (HPFB) of HC continued to provide information to support the development of CMP screening assessments as well as provide a review function for food-related sections of those assessments. It also continued its commitment to re-evaluate and assess food additives, food contaminants, other food ingredients and food packaging materials for which CMP screening assessments and new science identified potential risks for consumers and where CMP assessments identified food as a contributing/main source of exposure.

HC responded to 83 of the 346 requests/reports that required a response in support of the CMP regarding the evaluation and/or proposed management of substances on the DSL. 100% of food ingredients, food additives, food contaminants and/or food packaging material chemicals were re-evaluated for which the CMP assessment and/or new scientific knowledge identified a potential risk to human health. In addition, as part of its risk management commitments under the CMP, the Department removed ethylene oxide from the Lists of Permitted Food Additives in order that it can be appropriately regulated as a fumigant under the PCPA; and updated its commitments on risk management activities for acrylamide.

100% of dietary exposure assessments and/or hazard characterizations were completed for substances for which CMP assessments identified food as a potential source of exposure. In total, HC received 12 dietary exposure requests for 34 substances. Hazard characterizations were provided for five of the 34 substances. The substances included food ingredients, food additives, food contaminants and substances used in the manufacture of food packaging materials and incidental additives. These dietary exposure assessments and hazard characterizations were used to inform the respective CMP risk assessments.

In 2017-18, HC’s Pest Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA) completed eight re-evaluations of the remaining 37 older chemicals (registered prior to 1995). 29 re-evaluations now remain as of the end of 2017-18. Final decisions for cyclical (2) and special review (9) chemicals were completed. Pesticide-related health, environmental and sales data are now incorporated into re-evaluation decisions, where relevant. As part of PMRA’s surveillance activities, the pesticide Incident Reporting Program (IRP) triaged all reports, and evaluated all incidents that were deemed to be high and medium priority within performance timelines. The 2015 report on Pesticide Incidents was published in June 2017. In addition, the Pest Control Products Sales Information Reporting Program published the 2015 report on pest control products sales in August 2017.

Stakeholder Engagement and Public Outreach

Two meetings of the CMP Stakeholder Advisory Council (SAC) took place on May 25, 2017 and on November 14-15, 2017. The purpose of the Council is to obtain stakeholders' advice on the implementation of the CMP and to foster dialogue on related issues between stakeholders and government. Following the November SAC meeting, a proposal from a group of members was received to hold a special vulnerable populations panel at the May 2018 SAC meeting. The panel was organized in 2017-18 and was made up of members of various vulnerable groups (e.g., people with multiple chemical sensitivities, youth, indigenous women, firefighters) who had lived experiences with chemicals in the home or workplace. The goal of the panel was to help strengthen the CMP’s focus on the needs of vulnerable populations now and in the future program design for post 2020 chemicals management. For additional information, visit the Stakeholder Advisory Council webpage.

In May and November 2017, the government hosted multi-stakeholder workshops to engage and receive input from stakeholders on issues important to chemicals management in Canada. Topics discussed included: CEPA review and future program design priorities for after the third phase of the CMP. Two issues of the CMP Progress Report were published in July 2017 and December 2017. The CMP Progress Report has been created to keep stakeholders and other interested parties up to date on the activities and programs related to the CMP. The report is produced jointly by ECCC and HC and is published twice a year. It reports on advances in major initiatives and highlights key activities related to the Government of Canada's recent work under the CMP. It also provides information about up-coming events, dates of interest, public outreach events and how to get involved.

The CMP Science Committee started its second term in the fall of 2017. The first meeting of the new term was held in January 2018 on the topic of “Informed Substitution”. Members engaged in constructive discussions as they continued developing the Committee’s scientific input for the Government of Canada. The Science Committee ensures a strong science foundation to CMP by providing external national and international scientific expertise to HC and ECCC on scientific issues. Meeting records and reports are available online.

Stakeholder awareness activities were undertaken in 2017-18, focusing on targeted stakeholders, in order to facilitate information sharing.

These activities included the continuation of the HC webinar series with health and environment stakeholders from non-government organizations (NGOs) and the academic community. A session on national human biomonitoring programs under the CMP was held in October 2017. The Regional Offices delivered 123 stakeholder engagement activities related to chemical effects on health and approximately 23,256 brochures were distributed. The number of interactions with stakeholders was approximately 10,775 throughout the country.

Capacity building arrangements were renewed with the Assembly of First Nations and the Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami to help ensure their involvement in the CMP and to assist with public outreach across Canada on the health risks of chemical substances.

In 2017-18, a number of public outreach activities were conducted nationally and in the HC Regional Offices to increase Canadians’ awareness of the health risks of chemicals in and around the home and provide information for them to take action to protect their health and that of vulnerable populations. Highlights included the publication of plain language summaries and social media posts for high profile CMP substances, such as phthalates, asbestos, and boric acid. A series of widely used features were distributed to radio and news media outlets across Canada on household chemicals, including asbestos, formaldehyde and boric acid. Public opinion research and focus group testing was completed on new content and themes for a new marketing campaign to motivate Canadians to take action to protect their health. This major update to our environmental health messaging and public outreach activities was required to keep pace with new information technologies and respond to public demand for information. Outreach on senior's environmental health continued with the delivery of new seniors’ seminars in both official languages and piloted in Mandarin, and the distribution of health guides at trade shows.

As part of the program's robust grassroots outreach, the HC Regional Offices delivered 125 engagement activities related to chemical effects on health, and approximately 23,500 brochures were distributed. There were approximately 23,500 interactions with the public and stakeholders throughout the country. In particular, regional staff delivered 49 chemical awareness learning (CAL) sessions to over 1,000 participants to help increase awareness of the CMP and provide advice to frontline service providers - including First Nations and early childhood educators - on ways to mitigate chemical-related health risks.

In 2017-18, the Pesticide Program conducted 253 Compliance Outreach activities to promote compliance with the PCPA. These activities included presentations, meetings, exhibit booths at trade shows, and other activities such as providing publications for mail-outs and contributing to association newsletters.

Research

Research continued to address priorities identified under the following themes: a) Nanomaterials; b) Hazard Characterization & Exposures; and, c) Methods and Tools Development, in order to better understand the exposure and effects of chemicals/nanomaterials and to contribute to the development of better methods for chemical hazard and exposure assessment. Research was ongoing on the exposure and toxicity of CMP priority chemicals. HC funded 26 new CMP research projects which started in 2017-18. These projects address regulatory departmental and international priorities and cover a number of subjects such as toxicological response to nanomaterials, carcinogenic potential of chemicals, genetic toxicity assessment, hazard characterization, and identification of biotechnology microbes. In addition, focused research aimed to develop quantitative approaches for improved regulatory evaluation and risk assessment.

Targeted research projects continued to address short term data needs for risk assessment to help meet 2020 CMP commitments. Five studies were completed by the end of Fiscal Year 2017-18 and six are still ongoing. Data generated from these projects will be used to support the development of up to 13 Screening Assessment Reports.

HC scientists led or contributed to approximately 50 articles published in peer reviewed journals in 2017–18.

ECCC initiated 17 new research projects on environmental exposure and toxicity of priority chemicals such as, flame retardants, benzotriazoles and benzothiazoles, platinum group elements, and rare earth elements. ECCC also continued five nanomaterials research projects to address chemical-physical properties characterization and toxicity data gaps for manufactured nanomaterials. ECCC scientists published approximately 70 research papers related to these projects in 2017-18.

Monitoring and Surveillance

HC and ECCC continued to conduct monitoring programs to address existing and emerging chemicals of concern, and to inform risk assessment needs and risk management activities. At ECCC, a total of 320 substances and/or groups of substances were measured in select media: fresh water; sediments; fish; ambient air; birds; and, municipal wastewater.

The Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) continued the assessment of prenatal exposure to chemicals and established national estimates of maternal and fetal exposures. In 2017-18, work began on an extension of the MIREC Research Platform to measure the levels of additional chemicals in biobanked maternal samples. MIREC-ENDO was initiated to examine the effects of prenatal exposure to endocrine disruptors on pubertal development and obesity.

HC’s human biomonitoring efforts continued in 2017–18 with the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS), measuring environmental chemical exposures in blood and urine of a nationally representative sample of Canadians aged 3 to 79. During this period, laboratory analysis results of 54 environmental chemicals in biosamples collected as part of CHMS cycle 4 (2014–15) were published in the “Fourth Report on Human Biomonitoring of Environmental Chemicals in Canada”. The prioritization of chemicals for future CHMS cycles and the development of new laboratory analytical methods were in progress. In 2017–18, the first set of Canadian reference values (RV95) for non-persistent organic pollutants were published. The CHMS data also contributed to the Proposed Reevaluation Decisions, final and draft Screening Assessment Reports as well as to a public consultation document on drinking water.

In addition, HC funded two monitoring and surveillance projects in 2017–18. Monitoring activities continued to focus on human exposure to contaminants through indoor air and blood for the measurements of various volatile organic compounds.

Both ECCC and HC contribute to the Northern Contaminants Program (NCP) led by Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada (CIRNAC). HC partners with CIRNAC on the human health component of the NCP. Five human biomonitoring and health project proposals were funded in 2017-18 under the NCP. These projects addressed exposure to contaminants and links to country foods and nutritional status in multiple northern regions, the development and evaluation of health communication tools, and dissemination of research models to stakeholders.

Compliance and Enforcement

The goal of compliance promotion is to increase awareness and contribute to the understanding of pollution prevention risk management instruments to help these instruments achieve desired environmental results. Compliance promotion officers across Canada provide information to regulated communities on what is required to comply with the law, the benefits of compliance, and the consequences of non-compliance.

Compliance promotion activities focused on pollution, including the release of toxic substances to air, water or land, and the import and export of hazardous waste that presents a risk to the environment and/or human health. These activities aimed to increase voluntary compliance with regulatory and non-regulatory instruments, thereby mitigating consequential enforcement actions.

Each year, ECCC develops an annual list of priorities for delivery of compliance promotion activities on issues such as chemical management, air pollutants, and greenhouse gas emissions. Factors that influence the identification of priority activities include the recent publication of new or amended regulatory and non-regulatory instruments, new requirements coming into force, level of compliance, and need to maintain awareness, understanding, or compliance for specific requirements. Resources are aligned with these identified compliance promotion priorities.

In 2017-18, compliance promotion activities were carried out for the following regulatory and non-regulatory instruments related to CMP substances:

• Chromium Electroplating, Chromium Anodizing and Reverse Etching Regulations;
• Export and Import of Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Recyclable Material Regulations;
• Microbeads in Toiletries Regulations;
• PCB Regulations;
• Products Containing Mercury Regulations;
• Prohibition of Certain Toxic Substances Regulations;
• Storage Tank Systems for Petroleum Products and Allied Petroleum Products Regulations;
• Tetrachloroethylene (PERC) Regulations (Use in Dry Cleaning and Reporting Requirements);
• Code of Practice for the Environmental Management of Road Salts: the effective and efficient implementation of a risk management instrument requires ongoing communication and collaboration between those leading Risk Management Programs, Compliance Promotion and Enforcement Officers;
• Code of Practice for the Management of Tetrabutyltin;
• Cyclotetrasiloxane, octamethyl- (siloxane D4) Pollution Prevention Planning Notice; and,
• Environmental Performance Agreement 2015–20 Respecting the Use of Tin Stabilizers.

16,299 known or potential regulatees received compliance promotion awareness materials; and 4,103 stakeholders contacted Compliance Promotion Officers for clarification of regulatory requirements and/or additional information.

Multiple approaches were also used to reach the regulated communities, including workshops, information sessions, presentations, information package emails/mail-outs, articles, phone calls, and social media platforms. Many of these activities were carried out in collaboration with provincial and territorial governments, as well as NGOs and associations.

ECCC was particularly successful with:

• A digital advertisement viewed 1.3 million times over a two-month period for the “Microbeads in Toiletries Regulations”, which led to over 5,100 people searching our Internet site;
• A 68% increase in laboratory reporting for the Prohibition of Certain Toxic Substances Regulations following targeted compliance promotion activities efforts to the laboratories community;
• A 99% submission of expected compliance reports for the Code of Practice for the Environmental Management of Road Salt; and,
• Twice as many companies responding to ECCC as a result of Behavioural Insights techniques used on the business reply form for the Export and Import of Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Recyclable Material Regulations.

These, and many other successful activities, have helped to increase the awareness and contribute to the understanding of and compliance with ECCC's regulatory and non-regulatory instruments related to CMP substances.

In 2017–18, under the Environmental Performance Agreement 2015–20 Respecting the Use of Tin Stabilizers in the Vinyl Industry, a verification team consisting of the Vinyl Institute of Canada and ECCC representatives conducted reverification of four facilities to determine whether the practices and procedures identified in the Guideline for the Environmental Management of Tin Stabilizers in Canada are being implemented or continue to be implemented to prevent the releases of tin stabilizers into the aquatic environment. The verifications confirmed that all four facilities had implemented or continued to implement the practices and procedures outlined in the Guideline. The consolidated annual report was submitted to ECCC in September 2017. The report provides information on how tin stabilizer, tin stabilizer containing wastes, empty packaging, and record keeping are managed throughout the industry. In addition, the report provides information on significant changes that have occurred at facilities since previous verifications.

Performance Measurement

In 2017–18, ECCC reviewed the voluntary annual Report on Continuous Implementation of the Code of Practice for the Management of Tetrabutyltin in Canada submitted by the one facility that is subject to the Code. The Department’s review indicated that the facility had continued to implement the procedures and practices identified in the Code of Practice that was put in place in 2011.

A P2 Planning Notice published in 2012 to reduce industrial releases of cyclotetrasiloxane, octamethyl- (siloxane D4) to the aquatic environment required the preparation and implementation of a P2 plan by June 2016, followed by an additional year of monitoring to be completed by June 2017. As of the end of the 2017-18 administrative period, five of the facilities had declared that they had met the reduction target as a result of implementing their P2 plan, while the sixth facility had indicated that, despite significant reductions in its D4 releases after fully implementing its P2 plan, it had not managed to meet the risk management objective of the Notice.

Storage Tank Systems for Petroleum Products and Allied Petroleum Products Regulations (STSR)

ECCC completed a project to increase compliance with the registration requirements of section 28 of the STSR on Aboriginal and federal lands.

The project’s intent was to increase compliance with the identification of storage tank systems that are not currently registered in the Federal Identification Registry of Storage Tanks Systems database (FIRSTS). Systems that are not identified are likely non-compliant with other requirements of the STSR; without knowing who they are it is not possible to undertake compliance promotion activities.

Compliance with the STSR is important to reduce the risk of soil and groundwater contamination as a result of spills and leaks of petroleum products from storage tank systems located on federal and Aboriginal lands. Leaks from storage tank systems can have serious environmental impacts. Small quantities of diesel and gasoline can contaminate surface and subsurface soils, render drinking water from aquifers non-potable, and create explosive build-ups of vapours in basements and other underground structures.

By the end of fiscal year 2017-18, 605 new storage tank systems had been registered in FIRSTS.

Environmental Emergency Regulations

The purpose of the Environmental Emergency Regulations is to enhance the protection of Canadians and their environment by improving industry’s capacity to prepare, respond to and recover from environmental emergencies that may occur at fixed facilities across Canada and involve hazardous substances set out in Schedule 1 of the regulations. The regulations require facilities (among other things) to submit information to ECCC showing that an environmental emergency plan has been developed and tested. Regulatees must provide ECCC with the information in Schedules 4 and 5 of the regulations.

Facilities who do not submit this information are out of compliance with the E2 regulations. Without it, ECCC does not have confirmation that these facilities have created an emergency plan or tested it. These facilities are at a higher risk of not being able to respond to an E2 substance release at their facilities, posing an increased risk to the environment and human health. As such, ECCC conducted 190 inspections relating to E2 regulations, resulting in 418 violations addressed with enforcement actions.

Chromium Anodizing and Reverse Etching Regulations

In 2017-18, enforcement activities were conducted under the Chromium Electroplating, Chromium Anodizing and Reverse Etching Regulations (Chrome Regulations). The purpose of the Chrome Regulations is to protect the environment and the health of Canadians by reducing air emissions of hexavalent chromium compounds from facilities using chromic acid in their chromium electroplating, chromium anodizing or reverse etching operations.

Approximately 150 facilities in Canada are subject to the requirements of the Regulations. Regulatees in Canada use two methods provided for in the regulations for controlling the release of chromium compounds into the atmosphere: (i) use of a point source; and, (ii) limiting the surface tension.

Approximately 80 facilities use the point source method. This requires the user to conduct a release test every five years; tests are carried out by consultants specializing in atmospheric emissions tests. In 2017-18 2,578 tests were performed on different dates depending on the regulated entity. ECCC enforcement officers observed several of the on-site tests, and all reports submitted by the consultants have or will be verified by ECCC staff with the necessary expertise.

For the 73 facilities using the surface tension method, they are required to measure and record the surface tension of the solution once a day when a tank is used.

When alleged non-compliance was found, ECCC's enforcement officers took measures (or are taking measures) in accordance with the Compliance and Enforcement Policy for CEPA 1999. In 2017-18, 21 inspections and two investigations were conducted, and 142 violations were addressed with enforcement actions.

Other highlights included enforcement activities under the following regulations: 342 inspections under the Tetrachloroethylene (PERC) Regulations, 201 inspections under the Export and Import of Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Recyclable Material Regulations, and 181 inspections under the PCB Regulations.

In total, under the CMP regulations, ECCC completed 89 investigations and 1,241 inspections, leading to 1,701 written warnings, 190 violations addressed with environmental protection compliance orders, and 15 convicted subjects.

Consumer Products and Cosmetics – Compliance Promotion and Enforcement

HC Regional inspectors conducted activities to support compliance promotion for stakeholders regarding their legal obligations for products related to CMP (e.g., reporting requirements reminders, information sessions). Cyclical Enforcement CMP-related projects for consumer products and cosmetics were completed to determine compliance levels of: harmful chemicals in cosmetic fragrances; boric acid and phthalates in toys; chemical requirements of glazed ceramics and glassware; and, lead and cadmium levels in children’s jewellery. In total, 189 inspections where 292 samples were collected led to nine recalls and two stop sales.

Public Health Agency of Canada (the Agency)

During 2017-18, the Agency's Environmental Health Officers (EHOs) continued to work with passenger conveyance industry stakeholders, including airlines, railways, cruise ships, ferries, buses and ancillary services such as flight kitchens and terminals, in order to identify and address potential risks to travellers. Activities were targeted using a public health risk assessment tool, and the Agency completed 524 public health inspections, six gastro-intestinal outbreak investigations, 12 outreach and awareness activities, and took 1,425 water samples. When public health risks were identified, EHOs worked with operators to mitigate them. For example, conveyance and facility operators successfully resolved 97% of critical public health violations that were identified - above the target of 90%.

The Agency continues to administer and enforce the Potable Water on Board Train, Vessels, Aircraft and Buses and food safety provisions of the Food and Drugs Act on board passenger conveyances and at ancillary services, on behalf of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. These regulatory authorities strengthen the Agency's ability to identify and address public health risks, and support the continued health protection of the travelling public in Canada.

Contact information

Suzanne Leppinen

Director, Chemicals and Environmental Health Management Bureau

Safe Environments Directorate

Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch
Health Canada
269 Laurier Avenue West
Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9
Telephone: 613-941-8071
E-mail: suzanne.leppinen@canada.ca

Julie Thompson
Executive Director, Program Development and Engagement
Science and Risk Assessment Directorate
Environment and Climate Change Canada
351 Saint-Joseph blvd, 6^th Floor
Gatineau, QC, K1A 0H3
Telephone: 819-938-5144
E-mail: julie.thompson3@canada.ca

Comments on variances

Not applicable

Health Canada

Expected Results/Indicators/Targets/Actual Results (ER 1.1/PI 1.1/T1.1/AR1.1)

Expected Result HC1: Information on risks of substances to inform risk management, monitoring and surveillance and research activities (Risk Assessment)

• Performance Indicators, Targets and Actuals:
  • % of substances assessed within prescribed timelines (Existing Substances)
    • Target: 100%
    • Actual: 94%
  • % of substances assessed within prescribed timelines (New Substances)
    • Target: 100%
    • Actual: 100%
  • % of the annual target of proposed re-evaluation decisions (PRVDs) as set out in the published re-evaluation and special review workplan
    • Target: 80%
    • Actual: completed proposed decisions; old pesticides (93%), cyclical re-evaluations (86%), special reviews (42%)

Expected Result HC2: Risk management measures under CEPA, PCPA, CCPSA and F&DA (Risk Management, Compliance Promotion and Enforcement)

• Performance Indicators, Targets and Actuals:
  • % of planned risk management actions taken under CEPA (1999) or another Act for existing substances
    • Target: 100%
    • Actual: 80%
  • % of planned risk management actions taken under CEPA (1999) for new substances
    • Target: 100%
    • Actual: 100%
  • % of the annual targets for re-evaluation decisions (final RVDs) met as set out in the published re-evaluation and special review workplan
    • Target: 80%
    • Actual: completed final decisions; old pesticides (27%), cyclical re-evaluations (100%), special reviews (75%)

Expected Result HC3: Drinking water quality guideline technical documents/guidance documents (Risk Management, Compliance Promotion and Enforcement)

• Performance Indicators, Targets and Actuals:
  • % of targeted drinking water quality guidelines/guidance documents approved through F/P/T collaborative processes
    • Target: 100%
    • Actual: 100% - 3 of 3 planned final drinking water quality guidelines / guidance documents were endorsed through federal, provincial and territorial collaborative processes.

Expected Result HC4: Science-based information on the risks posed by substances, in accordance with annual research plans (Research)

• Performance Indicators, Targets and Actuals:
  • % of Chemicals Management Plan research projects that address regulatory/departmental/international priorities
    • Target: 100%
    • Actual: 100%

Expected Result HC5: Data generated on the use, release, exposure and presence of substances of concern in humans, the environment, food and consumer products (Monitoring and Surveillance)

• Performance Indicators, Targets and Actuals:
  • % of knowledge used by targeted partners
    • Target: 100%
    • Actual: 100%

Expected Result HC6: Engagement, consultation and communication products to inform the public and stakeholders (Stakeholder Engagement and Risk Communications)

• Performance Indicators, Targets and Actuals:
  • % of risk communication outreach activities and material distributed against plan
    • Target: 100%
    • Actual: 100%

Public Health Agency of Canada

Expected Results/Indicators/Targets/Actual Results (ER 2.1/PI 2.1/T2.1/AR2.1)

Expected Result PH1: Mitigation of human health risks associated with contamination of water, food and sanitation on board passenger conveyances (Risk Management, Compliance Promotion and Enforcement)

• Performance Indicators, Targets and Actuals:
  • % of inspected passenger transportation operators that meet public health requirements
    • Target: 95%
    • Actual: 97%

Environment and Climate Change Canada

Expected Results/Indicators/Targets/Actual Results (ER 3.1/PI 3.1/T3.1/AR3.1)

Expected Result EC1: Information on risks of substances to inform risk management, monitoring and surveillance and research activities (Risk Assessment)

• Performance Indicators, Targets and Actuals:
  • % of substances assessed within prescribed timelines (Existing Substances)
    • Target: 100%
    • Actual: 94%
  • % of substances assessed within prescribed timelines (New Substances)
    • Target: 100%
    • Actual: 100%

Expected Result EC2: Risk management measures under CEPA and/or Fisheries Act

• Performance Indicators, Targets and Actuals:
  • % of risk management controls of substances assessed as posing a risk to the environment under CEPA are introduced within 42 months of being deemed harmful to the environment
    • Target: 100%
    • Actual: 100%

Expected Result EC3: Science-based information on the risks posed by substances, in accordance with annual research plans (Research)

• Performance Indicators, Targets and Actuals:
  • % of Chemicals Management Plan research projects that address regulatory/departmental/international priorities
    • Target: 100%
    • Actual: 100%

Expected Result EC4: Data generated on the use, release, exposure and presence of substances of concern in humans, the environment, food, consumer products and waste (Monitoring and Surveillance)

• Performance Indicators, Targets and Actuals:
  • % of knowledge used by targeted partners
    • Target: 100%
    • Actual: 100%

Expected Result EC5: Information on obligations to conform or comply with risk management control measures (Compliance Promotion)

• Performance Indicators, Targets and Actuals:
  • The number of targeted regulatees under the Chemical Management Plan contacted by the Compliance Promotion Program
    • Target: All regulatees identified in the Compliance Promotion Program database subject to priority instruments
    • Actual: 16,299

Expected Result EC6: Inspections, investigations and enforcement actions (Enforcement)

• Performance Indicators, Targets and Actuals:
  • % of non-compliance addressed by an enforcement action
    • Target: 85%
    • Actual: 95%

Federal Tobacco Control Strategy

General Information

Name of horizontal initiative

Federal Tobacco Control Strategy

Lead department(s)

Health Canada

• Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch
  • Tobacco Control Directorate
• Communications and Public Affairs Branch
• Regulatory Operations and Regions Branch

Federal partner department(s)

Indigenous Services Canada*

• First Nations and Inuit Health Branch

Public Health Agency of Canada

• Office of International Affairs for the Health Portfolio
• Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention Branch

Public Safety Canada

• Akwesasne Contribution Agreement
• Policy Development

Royal Canadian Mounted Police

• Criminal Intelligence
• Technical Investigations

Canada Border Services Agency

• Risk Assessment
• Admissibility Determination

Canada Revenue Agency

• Taxpayer and Business Assistance

Public Prosecutions Service Canada

Non-federal and non-governmental partner(s)

Not applicable

* Pursuant to the Order in Council P.C. 2017-1465, effective on November 30, 2017, the First Nations and Inuit Health Branch (FNIHB) was transferred from Health Canada to Indigenous Services Canada (ISC).

Start date of the horizontal initiative

April 1, 2001

End date of the horizontal initiative

Ongoing

Description of the horizontal initiative

The Federal Tobacco Control Strategy (FTCS) was initiated in 2001. In 2012, the Strategy was renewed for five years to provide a focused federal presence to preserve the gains of the past decade and continue the downward trend in smoking prevalence. The renewed Strategy focuses on the core areas of federal responsibility and invests in new priorities including populations with higher smoking rates. The objective of the Strategy is to reduce the use of tobacco and the potential for tobacco-related death and disease in Canada. The Strategy was further extended by one year to March 2018 in order to provide sufficient time to develop a new and innovative long-term plan.

Governance structures

Health Canada is the lead department for the federal government with responsibility for the coordination and implementation of the FTCS.

Federal partners manage the control of tobacco products through monitoring and assessing the illicit and licit tobacco markets.

Health Portfolio (Health Canada and Public Health Agency of Canada)

• Health Canada (HC) – leads the legislative and regulatory program for tobacco products, including the development and implementation of policies and regulations, research, public outreach, and compliance; and,
• Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) – as part of its chronic disease prevention, the department works together with partners from the public and private sectors to promote healthy living aimed to reduce tobacco use as a chronic disease risk factor.

Indigenous Services Canada (ISC) – supports the development and implementation of comprehensive First Nations and Inuit tobacco projects that are community based, holistic, culturally appropriate, and focused on reducing commercial tobacco use.

Public Safety Portfolio (Public Safety Canada, Royal Canadian Mounted Police and Canada Border Services Agency)

• Public Safety Canada (PS) – leads and works with federal partners to develop and coordinate strategic approaches and activities to address contraband tobacco and its links to organized crime;
• The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) – works with federal partners to identify and investigate criminal activities and to coordinate information on national and international contraband tobacco issues; and,
• The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) – increases knowledge of contraband domestically and internationally by liaising with tobacco authorities at all levels and by monitoring and providing regular reports on both national and global contraband tobacco. The Canada Border Services Agency provides reports, information and guidance to the Department of Finance Canada on matters that will impact the future tax structure of tobacco.

The Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) – administers the Excise Act 2001, which governs federal taxation of tobacco products and regulates activities involving the manufacture, possession and sale of tobacco products in Canada.

Public Prosecutions Service Canada (PPSC) – monitors federal fines imposed in relation to tobacco and other types of offences in order to enforce and recover outstanding fines.

Total federal funding allocated from 2007-08 to 2021-22 (dollars)

$791,239,898^{Footnote 1}

Total federal planned spending to March 31, 2018 (dollars)

$618,163,068

Total federal actual spending to March 31, 2018 (dollars)

$526,539,510

Date of last renewal of the horizontal initiative

On-going

Total federal funding allocated at last renewal, and source of funding (dollars)

On-going

Additional federal funding received after the last renewal (dollars)

Not applicable

Funding contributed by non‑federal and non‑governmental partners (dollars)

Not applicable

Fiscal year of planned completion of next evaluation

2022-23

Shared outcome of federal partner departments

To preserve the gains made over the past decade, and to continue the downward trend in smoking prevalence.

Expected outcome of non‑federal and non‑governmental partners

Not Applicable

Name of theme

Not Applicable

Performance highlights

For 2017-18, Health Canada and its partners continued their efforts to preserve the gains achieved by the FTCS and continue the downward trend in smoking prevalence. The most recent results indicate that 15% (4.6 million) of Canadians aged 15 years and older reported using at least one tobacco product in the past 30 days, down from 23% (5.8 million) as first reported in 2003.

Canada continues to be internationally recognized for its leadership and expertise in regulatory action to address smoking and tobacco use. Recommendations outlined in the Evaluation of the FTCS (January 2017) and the public consultation process undertaken in 2017 on the future of tobacco control in Canada resulted in the development of Canada's Tobacco Strategy, a comprehensive, integrated and sustained tobacco control program aimed at reducing tobacco-related disease and death. The modernized approach sets the path to reduce Canada's rate of tobacco use to less than 5% by 2035.

Contact information

James Van Loon
Director General
Tobacco Control Directorate
Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch
Health Canada
1^st Floor, Main Stats Building
150 Tunney's Pasture Driveway, Tunney's Pasture
Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9
Telephone: (613) 941-1977
E-mail address: james.vanloon@canada.ca

Performance information

Federal departments	Link to department’s Program Activity Architecture or Program Inventory	Horizontal initiative activities	Total allocation (from 2017-18 to 2021-22) (dollars)	2017–18 Planned spending (dollars)	2017–18 Actual spending (dollars)	2017–18 Expected results	2017–18 Performance indicators	2017–18 Targets	Date to achieve target	2017–18 Actual results
Health Canada	2.5 Substance Use and Abuse	Policy and International Commitments; Research & Surveillance; Regulations & Compliance.	148,244,995	29,648,999	30,233,036	ER 1.1	PI 1.1	T 1.1	March 31, 2018	AR 1.1
Public Health Agency of Canada	1.1.2 Public Health Information and Networks	Policy & International Commitments	1,025,000	205,000	206,025					AR 1.1
	1.2.3 Chronic (non-communicable Disease and Injury Prevention	Community Interventions	10,000,000	2,000,000	2,766,144					AR 1.1
Indigenous Services Canada	3.1.1.3 Health Living Federal Tobacco Control Strategy	Community Interventions	25,000,000	5,000,000	5,240,883	ER 1.2	PI 1.2	T 1.2	March 2019	AR 1.2
Public Safety Canada	1.3.2.1 1.3 Countering Crime 1.3.2 Law Enforcement Leadership 1.3.2.1 – Serious and Organized Crime	Akwesasne	2,382,318Footnote *	476,464	472,686	ER 2.1	PI 2.1	T 2.1	March 31, 2018	AR 2.1
		Policy Development	847,047Footnote *	169,409	274,749					AR 2.1
Royal Canadian Mounted Police	1.1.2.3 Criminal Intelligence	Criminal Intelligence	4,472,340	894,468	894,468	ER 3.1	PI 3.1	T 3.1	March 31, 2018	AR 3.1
	1.1.3.1 Technical Investigations	Technical Investigations	4,703,698	940,740	940,740	ER 3.1	PI 3.1	T 3.1	March 31, 2018	AR 3.1
Canada Border Services Agency	1.1 Risk Assessment	1.1.1 Intelligence	15,200,000	2,717,208	2,717,208	ER 4.1.1 ER 4.1.2 ER 4.1.3	PI 4.1.1 PI 4.1.2 PI 4.1.3	N/A	N/A	AR 4.1.1 AR 4.1.2 AR 4.1.3
	1.3 Admissibility Determination	1.3.1 Highway Mode 1.3.2 Air Mode 1.3.3 Rail Mode 1.3.4 Marine Mode 1.3.5 Postal 1.3.6 Courier Low Value Shipment	0	301,920	301,920	ER 4.2.1	N/A	N/A	N/A	AR 4.2.1
Canada Revenue Agency	PA1. Taxpayer and business assistance PA2. Assessment of returns and payment processing	Regulations & Compliance	4,444,550	888,910	888,910	ER 5.1	PI 5.1	T 5.1	N/A	AR 5.1
Public Prosecutions Service Canada	Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions	Regulations & Compliance	N/A	N/A	N/A	ER 6.1	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Total for all federal departments			216,319,948	43,243,118	44,936,769
Note: The amounts in the above table include internal services, Shared Services Canada core information technology services and PWGSC accommodation costs. Though the funding of this initiative is ongoing, the financial reporting coincides with the five year period of policy authorities (2017-18 to 2021-22). Footnotes Footnote * The total allocation (from start to end date) differs from the amount previously reported in the 2017-18 Departmental Plan, due to the inclusion of internal services. Return to footnote * referrer

Comments on variances

PHAC:

The variance between planned and actual spending is mainly due to the interest rate fluctuations between US and Canadian dollars for the contribution to the World Health Organization's Federal Convention on Tobacco Control, as well as reprofiled funds from previous years which were included in the 2017-18 planned spending.

PS:

The variance between planned and actual spending is mainly due to additional resources required for the contraband tobacco initiative.

Expected results

ER 1.1: Health Portfolio

The Health Portfolio (Health Canada and Public Health Agency of Canada) will achieve results in the following areas:

• Regulations and Compliance - Lead the development of regulations, including the development of an approach for the plain packaging of tobacco products. Conduct compliance monitoring activities and undertake enforcement measures with respect to the Tobacco Act and its regulations;
• Research - Conduct scientific and market research and surveillance to support decision making and the development of policies and regulations;
• Policy - Lead the process for renewal of the policy authority of the FTCS, work towards the development of an approach for the plain packaging of tobacco products, and facilitate stakeholder engagement. As well, lead Canada's participation in the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) obligations, as well as collaborating with provinces and territories in tobacco control activities; and,
• Litigation - Provide base funding for tobacco litigation and for the defense of the Tobacco Act and its regulations.

ER 1.2: Indigenous Services Canada

• Community Interventions - Funding will be used to leverage existing networks and seek innovative partnerships that contribute to an integrated approach to chronic disease prevention. Working in partnerships with the public and private sectors, we will promote healthy living and prevent chronic diseases caused by risk factors such as tobacco use. In addition, funding will contribute to supporting interventions and programming that aim to reduce tobacco use, particularly among young adults, First Nations on-reserve and Inuit in recognized Inuit communities.

ER 2.1: Public Safety Canada

• Enhance partnership with Akwesasne Mohawk Police through the administration of contribution funding for the monitoring activities in connection with determining trends and levels of contraband tobacco activity;
• Lead interdepartmental efforts to analyze the potential implementation costs and benefits to Canada associated with the Protocol to Eliminate the Illicit Trade in Tobacco Products under the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control; and,
• Provide policy leadership and strategy development to support law enforcement efforts to address the contraband tobacco market and its links to organized crime, including co-chairing meetings of the inter-departmental Strategic Level Forum and its supporting working group, engaging with domestic and international stakeholders to facilitate information sharing and knowledge exchange, and developing and administering agreements to support First Nations specialized policing capacity to address organized crime activities, including contraband tobacco.

ER 3.1: Royal Canadian Mounted Police

• Criminal Intelligence: The RCMP will collect, collate, and analyze data related to the contraband tobacco market and provide regular reports to partner law enforcement agencies, government and non-governmental agencies. The RCMP will continue to participate in joint agency meetings and to be involved in information and intelligence sharing with domestic and international law enforcement partners. In addition, the RCMP will provide support and subject matter expertise to criminal investigations and prosecutions.
• Technical Investigations: The RCMP will provide technical tools and employ technology to enhance detection and monitoring of illegal border intrusions. Advancements in technology are essential to provide vital intelligence for criminal investigations and border security. Border surveillance technologies are deployed to detect cross-border criminality including contraband. Front-line police officers rely heavily on this technology in the fight against well-orchestrated organized crime networks that target the border to move illicit tobacco products.

ER 4: Canada Border Services Agency

ER 4.1 Risk Assessment

• ER 4.1.1 Provide advice to the Department of Finance Canada on matters that will impact the future tax structure on tobacco;
• ER 4.1.2 Monitor and report on the contraband tobacco situation in Canada; and,
• ER 4.1.3 Expand cooperation with international and national law enforcement partners.

ER 4.2 Admissibility Determination

• ER 4.2.1 Collection of tobacco duties imposed on personal importations of returning Canadians.

ER 5.1: Canada Revenue Agency

• Ensure compliance with legislative requirements imposed on the manufacture, possession and sale of tobacco products in Canada;
• Verify export activity;
• Work with stakeholders to monitor and assess the effectiveness of measures used to reduce contraband tobacco;
• Support Royal Canadian Mounted Police and Canada Border Services Agency enforcement activities; and,
• Maintain accounts and provide services related to transactions (including refunds), and produce reports of tobacco-related activities.

ER 6.1: Public Prosecutions Service Canada

• Funding for this activity has ended.

Performance indicators

PI 1.1: Health Portfolio

• % of current Canadian (aged 15+) tobacco product users reduced;
• % of products that are deemed to be non-compliant with the Tobacco Act and its Regulations related to manufacturing and importing through the inspection program;
• # of World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) reports issued on progress every two years; and,
• #, nature and reach (# of participants) of interventions/projects implemented by PHAC.

PI 1.2: Indigenous Services Canada

• # of smoke-free spaces situated in First Nations and Inuit communities.

PI 2.1: Public Safety Canada

• % of FTCS activities that are coordinated with its partners, with Provinces/Territories and other stakeholders;
• % of FTCS activities/outputs generate knowledge/awareness of the contraband tobacco market;
• Number of environmental scans, policy analyses, threat assessments, intelligence, and other reports as well as surveys and studies generated and used to: inform senior officials; develop policies and/or directions; support participation to the WHO; and,
• Number of Interdepartmental Strategic Level Forum meetings held.

PI 3.1: Royal Canadian Mounted Police

• List intelligence reports disseminated to our partners, including: Canada Revenue Agency (CRA); Finance Canada; Public Safety (PS); Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada (FINTRAC); and, Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA); and,
• Description of engagements among FTCS partners, particularly within the Public Safety Portfolio (committees, working groups, etc.)

PI 4: Canada Border Services Agency

PI 4.1 Risk Assessment

• PI 4.1.1 # of relevant reports related to contraband tobacco;
• PI 4.1.2 % of engagement forums with provincial and territorial governments and other authorities; and,
• PI 4.1.3 Average dollar value of goods, shipments and conveyances seized attributed to Intelligence.

PI 4.2 Admissibility Determination

• PI 4.2.1 N/A

PI 5.1: Canada Revenue Agency

• # of audits and regulatory reviews completed; and,
• # of returns and rebates processed and the gross excise duty assessed.

Targets

T 1.1: Health Portfolio

• Fewer than 17% of Canadians report any tobacco product use in the past year; and,
• Less than 5% of tobacco products are non-compliant with the Tobacco Act and its Regulations.

T 1.2: Indigenous Services Canada

• First Nations and Inuit Health Branch, Indigenous Services Canada: 700 smoke-free spaces.

T 2.1: Public Safety Canada

• 100% of FTCS activities are coordinated with its partners, with provinces/territories and other stakeholders;
• 100% of FTCS activities/outputs generate knowledge/awareness of the contraband tobacco market;
• Ten environmental scans, policy analyses, threat assessments, intelligence, and other reports as well as surveys and studies generated and used to: inform senior officials, develop policies and/or directions; support participation to the WHO; and,
• Two Interdepartmental Strategic Level Forum meetings held.

T 3.1: Royal Canadian Mounted Police

• Two Reports
  • FTCS Annual Report.
  • FTCS Mid-Year Report.
• The RCMP will continue to be actively involved in the following three fora:
  • The Interprovincial Investigations Conference (IIC): The aim is to develop, increase and maintain cooperation among all those who are involved in combating the contraband tobacco market by providing current information and contacts in other jurisdictions.
  • The U.S./Canada Tobacco Diversion Workshop: The workshop aims to bring together managers, investigators and analysts as well as relevant agencies involved in tobacco enforcement. The workshop is part of an ongoing commitment by the core agencies to address the growing illicit tobacco market and its cross-border flow through an integrated policing and intelligence-sharing approach.
  • The Joint Agency Group Contraband Tobacco Control Meeting: The aim is to develop, increase and maintain cooperation among all those who are involved in combating the contraband tobacco market by providing current information and contacts in other jurisdictions.

T4: Canada Border Services Agency

T 4.1 Risk Assessment

• T 4.1.1 N/A
• T 4.1.2 N/A
• T 4.1.3 N/A

T 4.2 Admissibility Determination

• T 4.2.1 N/A

T 5.1: Canada Revenue Agency

• 100% of audit and regulatory review coverage of federal tobacco licensees; and,
• 100% of accounts maintained and transactions processed.

Actual results

AR 1.1: Health Portfolio

• In 2015, 15% (4.6 million) of Canadians aged 15 years and older reported using at least one tobacco product in the past 30 days
  • This is lower than the 17% (5.0 million) reported in 2013. The prevalence of past-30-day use of at least one tobacco product was 13% (271,000) among youth aged 15 to 19 and 24% (582,000) among young adults aged 20 to 24, both unchanged from 2013. Fifteen percent (15% or 3.7 million) of adults aged 25 years and older reported use of at least one tobacco product in the past 30 days, a decrease from 17% (4.2 million) in 2013. Prevalence of past-30-day use of at least one tobacco product in 2015 was higher among males (20% or 2.8 million) than females (12% or 1.7 million).
• Health Canada reports that the manufacturing sector was 98% compliant regarding the presence of prohibited additives, and 100% compliant with the promotion of prohibited additives. Compliance with tobacco product labelling requirements was 84% (in 2017-18, the focus was on products and/or manufacturers that were previously non-compliant).
• The number of WHO FCTC reports issued on progress every 2 years was reported in 2016-17, and therefore won’t be reported this year.

Furthermore,

• Budget 2018 – Building on existing funding, the Government will renew and enhance the Strategy by proposing to provide $80.5 million over five years, starting in 2018–19, with $17.7 million per year ongoing. Public Safety Canada will renew agreements with the Akwesasne Mohawk Police Service and the Kahnawake Peacekeepers to address organized crime activities at or near community lands, including contraband tobacco, and funding will also be provided to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police to support ongoing law enforcement efforts to reduce contraband tobacco. Funding will also be provided to Health Canada and the Public Health Agency of Canada to support targeted actions, including in Indigenous communities, to encourage the prevention of tobacco use and help Canadians quit smoking. This enhanced funding builds on the $43 million spent annually for the FTCS and will help to replace previous cuts in spending over the last decade so that Canada can remain a leader in tobacco control. The federal government also announced the excise duty will increase by an additional $1 per carton of 200 cigarettes, from $21.56 to $22.56. The federal government will also increase duty rates on other tobacco products and make inflationary adjustments on tobacco products annually rather than every five years.
• Development of regulations – Bill S-5, which proposed amendments to the Tobacco Act in order to implement a legislative framework for vaping products, was passed by the Senate and introduced in the House of Commons in June 2017. It then received Royal Assent in May 2018, allowing Canada to move forward in delivering on key commitments such as the implementation of plain and standardized packaging for tobacco products and new regulations to address the potential benefits and harms of vaping products. Canada also took another important step to protect young Canadians from inducements to tobacco use by banning menthol cigarettes. As of October 2017, the manufacture and sale of cigarettes, blunt wraps and most cigars that contain menthol was prohibited across Canada, as well as the promotion of menthol on the packaging of these tobacco products.
• Research – Health Canada continued to conduct scientific and market research and surveillance to support decision making and the development of policies and regulations. Key ongoing work during 2017-18 included research to support the design of new health warning labels expected to appear on tobacco products in 2020-21. Studies were completed for new concepts for toxic emission statements, Health Information Messages and Health Warning messages.
• Support for International Tobacco Control - In April 2017, Health Canada hosted the first meeting of the Global Tobacco Regulators Forum to provide global leadership and coordination on tobacco product regulation. Close to 25 countries participated, including representatives from the European Union and WHO.
• Litigation – Health Canada continues to provide funding for tobacco litigation and for the defense of the Tobacco Act and its regulations. In 2017-18, expenditures were approximately $1M.

AR 1.2: Indigenous Services Canada

• 1,578 new smoke-free spaces (indoor and outdoor)
• As of 2017-18, the First Nations and Inuit Component of the FTCS has supported 16 projects and three strategies, reaching approximately 395 First Nation and Inuit communities, to complete year four of implementation measures to establish comprehensive tobacco control strategies and interventions aimed at reducing and preventing tobacco misuse, including reducing smoking rates. With three years of implementation for which data is available, early reported successes include:
  • The number of new smoke-free spaces reported above;
  • 386 of approximately 689 (56%) First Nations and Inuit communities have access to tobacco control activities;
  • 129 new smoking-related resolutions; and,
  • Increased participation of community members in smoking cessation programs/ interventions, with 36% of individuals who completed a cessation program/ intervention either reporting reduced or quit using commercial tobacco.

AR 2.1: Public Safety Canada

• 100% of FTCS activities were coordinated with its partners, with provinces/territories and other stakeholders;
• 100% of FTCS activities/outputs generated knowledge/awareness of the contraband tobacco market;
• More than ten environmental scans, policy analyses, threat assessments, intelligence, and other reports as well as surveys and studies generated and used to: inform senior officials, develop policies and/or directions; support participation to the WHO; and,
• Two Interdepartmental Strategic Level Forum meetings held.
• Key achievements during Fiscal Year 2017-18 included:
  • Provided policy development leadership as part of the renewal of the FTCS (stakeholders consultations, development of a contraband tobacco agenda, costing and support to HC as part of the renewal process);
  • Continued to lead domestic and international contraband tobacco-related policy initiatives, such as the development of an interdepartmental position vis-à-vis the World Health Organization Protocol to Eliminate Illicit Trade in Tobacco Products;
  • Through the FTCS, provided $450,000 to the Akwesasne Mohawk Police Service to support community-based specialized investigative and policing capacity and allow for the participation in joint force operations that have led to charges and seizures of contraband tobacco;
  • Co-chaired with CRA the Director General-level Strategic Level Forum and its supporting working group meetings, which provide opportunities for partners to discuss potential policy and legislative measures, share best practices and identify gaps/opportunities on contraband tobacco issues.

AR 3.1: Royal Canadian Mounted Police

• Criminal Intelligence:
  • Due to resource constraints and an anticipated change in portfolio owner, the RCMP did not complete production of the annual report in 2017-18 but expects the report to be completed and shared in 2018. Despite these constraints, the RCMP participated in the Interprovincial Investigations Conference and the Joint Agency Group Contraband Tobacco Control Meeting. The RCMP did not participate in the US/Canada Tobacco Diversion Workshop since it has not been active for the past few years.
• Technical Investigative Services:
  • During the reporting period (2017-18), funding was allocated to support the deployment and maintenance of border surveillance technologies to assist front-line police officers to detect and disrupt cross-border criminality, including the smuggling of contraband tobacco. Specifically, funding was allocated to the following Divisions: E (British-Columbia), D (Manitoba), J (New-Brunswick), and O (Ontario). Across the funded divisions, a total of 83 border sensors cameras were deployed from Ottawa, National Headquarters (NHQ). In addition, 120 cameras were deployed within E Division (Headquarters and Kelowna). Ever-greening of equipment for border surveillance remains a challenge under the FTCS financial envelope. Divisions continue to operate with limited funds and as a result, seek additional funding through Federal Policing Operations on an urgency basis. State-of-the-art technology is essential as front-line members rely heavily on it to provide vital intelligence for criminal investigations and border security. Maintaining current capabilities will negatively affect the RCMP’s ability to detect illegal activities at the border as the RCMP cannot ever-green equipment/technology. Keeping pace with technology is a significant risk and the RCMP is able to capitalize on more efficient and effective modern technology.

AR 4: Canada Border Services Agency

AR 4.1 Risk Assessment

• AR 4.1.1 Provided status updates on the contraband tobacco market, as well as seizure statistics, at the Tobacco Enforcement meetings chaired by the Department of Finance;
• AR 4.1.2 Assessed Canada’s contraband tobacco market, detailing characteristics and trends encountered by the CBSA; and,
• AR 4.1.3 Collaborated with other law enforcement agencies, such as the RCMP and the Akwesasne Mohawk Police. Identified indicators and modus operandi; identified emerging trends and threats and shared this information with CBSA regional offices and with domestic and international partners, including the World Customs Organization.

AR 4.2 Admissibility Determination

• AR 4.2.1 Continued to collect duties and taxes at ports of entry on all personal importations of tobacco.

AR 5.1: Canada Revenue Agency

• The CRA performed audits and regulatory reviews to ensure compliance with legislative requirements imposed on the manufacture, possession and sale of tobacco products in Canada and achieved the target of 100% audit and regulatory review coverage of federal tobacco licensees;
• The CRA maintained systems and ensured correctness in the processing of returns and refunds and achieved the target of 100% of accounts maintained and transactions processed;
• Officials participated in a number of committees dealing with the monitoring and control of tobacco products, including those dealing with interprovincial issues; and
• The CRA provided information about specific tobacco transactions as well as expert testimony and affidavits to support RCMP/CBSA enforcement activity.

Implementing a New Federal Framework for the Legalization and Strict Regulation of Cannabis

General information

Name of horizontal initiative

Implementing a New Federal Framework for the Legalization and Strict Regulation of Cannabis

Lead department

Health Canada

Federal partner department(s)

Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA)

Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)

Public Safety Canada (PS)

Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)

Note: Other government departments (e.g., the Department of Justice) are supporting the new federal cannabis framework. However, they are not captured in this Horizontal Initiative table, as they have not received targeted funding to support this initiative, “Implementing a New Federal Framework for the Legalization and Strict Regulation of Cannabis”.

Non‑federal and non‑governmental partner(s)

Not Applicable

Start date of the horizontal initiative

April 1, 2017

End date of the horizontal initiative

March 31, 2022

Description of the horizontal initiative

The objective of this horizontal initiative is to implement and administer a new federal framework to legalize and strictly regulate cannabis once the Cannabis Act comes into force. The initiative is designed to follow through on the Government’s key objectives of protecting public health, safety, and security. More specifically, this initiative aims to prevent young persons from accessing cannabis, to protect public health and public safety by establishing strict product safety and product quality requirements and to deter criminal activity by imposing serious criminal penalties for those operating outside the legal framework.

The federal partner organizations will establish and implement ongoing delivery of a new regulatory framework including licensing; compliance and enforcement; surveillance; research; national public education and awareness activities; and framework support.

The initiative will also increase law enforcement capacity to collect and assess intelligence on the evolution of organized crime involvement in the illegal cannabis market and other related criminal markets.

Activities are organized by five high-level themes: (1) Establish, implement and enforce the new legislative framework; (2) Provide Canadians with information needed to make informed decisions and minimize health and safety harms; (3) Build law enforcement knowledge and engage partners and stakeholders on public safety; (4) Provide criminal intelligence, enforcement and related training activities; and (5) Prevent and interdict prohibited cross-border movement of cannabis while maintaining the flow of legitimate travelers and goods.

Governance structures

The Government of Canada has put in place a robust governance structure to facilitate whole-of-government coordination in implementing and administering the new federal framework to legalize and strictly regulate cannabis. At the federal level, this governance structure includes: regular engagement among Deputy Ministers of Health, Justice and Public Safety to provide strategic direction and oversight on implementation activities; an Assistant Deputy Minister’s Committee that serves as a forum for government-wide coordination of policy and implementation activities; a Directors-General Committee that is responsible for coordinating policy, regulatory development, and implementation activities across federal departments and agencies; an Interdepartmental Communications Working Group to lead cannabis communications, public awareness and education efforts; and a Federal Partners Cannabis Data Working Group to promote horizontal collaboration and support evidence-based policy and program development.

Health Canada’s Cannabis Legalization and Regulation Branch tracks key project milestones and coordinates reporting to federal Ministers.

The Government is committed to ongoing collaboration and consultation with provincial and territorial partners. In May 2016, the Federal/Provincial/Territorial (F/P/T) Senior Officials Working Group on Cannabis Legalization and Regulation was struck, to enable F/P/T governments to exchange information on important issues about the legalization and regulation of cannabis throughout the consultation, design and implementation of the legislation, regulations, and non-regulatory activities. Supporting F/P/T working groups and committees have also been established to facilitate ongoing engagement in key priority areas, including public education and awareness, data development and information sharing, national inventory tracking, ticketing and drug-impaired driving. In addition, existing F/P/T bodies are also considering the implications of cannabis legalization, including F/P/T Deputy Ministers Responsible for Justice, Public Safety and Finance, and F/P/T Ministers Responsible for Labour.

Total federal funding allocated (2017-18 to 2021-22) (dollars)

$546,807,456

Total federal planned spending to March 31, 2018 (dollars)

$61,398,179

Total federal actual spending to March 31, 2018 (dollars)

$51,450,043

Date of last renewal of the horizontal initiative

Not Applicable

Total federal funding allocated at last renewal, and source of funding (dollars)

Not Applicable

Additional federal funding received after the last renewal (dollars)

Not Applicable

Funding contributed by non‑federal and non‑governmental partners

Not Applicable

Fiscal year of planned completion of next evaluation

2020-21

Shared outcome (SO) of federal partners

Not Applicable – indicators will be applied for 2018-19 and onwards following the coming into force of the Cannabis Act.

Results

Not Applicable – indicators will be applied for 2018-19 and onwards following the coming into force of the Cannabis Act.

Expected outcome of non‑federal and non‑governmental partners

Not Applicable

Name of theme

Not Applicable

Performance highlights in 2017-18

On April 13, 2017, the Government introduced Bills C-45 and C-46, the proposed Cannabis Act, to legalize, strictly regulate and restrict access to cannabis, and an Act to amend the Criminal Code (offences relating to conveyances) and to make consequential amendments to other Acts respectively. Bill C-45^{Footnote a} establishes a new legal framework designed to better protect the health and safety of Canadians, and to keep cannabis out of the hands of youth while keeping profits out of the hands of criminals and organized crime. Bill C-46^{Footnote b} reforms the impaired driving regime in the Criminal Code. It strengthens existing drug-impaired driving laws and creates a regime that would be amongst the strongest in the world. 

A Treasury Board Submission seeking $525.1 million over 5 years (2017-18 to 2021-22) to establish and implement the ongoing delivery of a new regulatory program was approved by Treasury Board Ministers in October, 2017. In 2017-18, departmental activities focused on five areas to prepare for implementation of the new regime.

1. Establish, implement and enforce the new legislative framework

Health Canada (with support from the RCMP for the licensing regime) increased its regulatory capacity to support a range of critical functions in relation to regulating the emerging industry, such as licensing, inspections, and compliance and enforcement. Development continued on a new national tracking system to monitor the movement of product across the country and help guard against diversion of product to the illicit market. In preparation for the development of regulations to support the proposed Cannabis Act, the Government undertook consultations regarding the regulation of cannabis, including licensing, products, packaging and labelling and published a report summarizing feedback from the consultation. Note: The regulations were subsequently published in July 2018.

2. Provide Canadians with information needed to make informed decisions and minimize health and safety harms

Federal partners worked towards early, intensive and sustained public education to make sure that Canadians receive clear, consistent, evidence-based information on the facts and the health and safety effects of cannabis use, including drug-impaired driving. Through Budget 2018, the Government has committed $62.5 million over five years to support the involvement of community-based organizations and Indigenous organizations that are educating their communities on the risks associated with cannabis use. This funding builds on the previously announced investment of $46 million over five years to support public education, awareness and surveillance activities. 

Through the Canadian Cannabis Survey, Health Canada began collecting additional data to better understand how Canadians view and use cannabis. This data will be used to evaluate the impact of the legislation and to develop policy and program initiatives, including public education and awareness activities.

In addition, the RCMP has released public awareness materials (e.g. a video entitled Shattered, pamphlets/leaflets, and lesson plans) geared towards youth, which speak to substance misuse, cannabis use and the dangers of driving while impaired. These materials are available to youth influencers across Canada, including police officers (e.g. School Resource Officers), youth educators and other professionals who work with youth.

3. Build law enforcement knowledge and engage partners and stakeholders on public safety

To promote road safety, Bill C-46 will authorize police to use roadside drug screeners and create three new Blood Drug Concentration offences. In order to approve and list drug screeners, the Drugs and Driving Committee of the Canadian Society of Forensic Science has developed Standards and Evaluation Procedures against which any drug screener must be evaluated. Manufacturers have adjusted their screeners to meet these standards.

The RCMP has advanced efforts to update and increase training for law enforcement across Canada to reflect the changes in legislation by determining any gaps in training that need to be addressed. The RCMP is also developing new courses to educate Canadian police cannabis and impaired driving, including:

• Introduction to Cannabis Legislation (online);
• Introduction to Drug Impaired Driving (DID) (classroom);
• Approved Drug Screening Equipment Oral Fluid (classroom);
• Standard Field Sobriety Testing (SFST) Review & Introduction to DID (online); and
• Basic Drug Impaired Driving Techniques (online).

The latter two courses are accessible online through the Canadian Police Knowledge Network for all Canadian law enforcement partners. In addition, course content for the SFST and Drug Evaluation and Classification Program courses - the latter of which is to certify Drug Recognition Experts (DRE) - was updated in 2018. The RCMP is continuing work to bolster the number of officers trained in SFST and certified as DREs nationally. The RCMP is providing initial SFST and end-user and instructor training to CBSA officers in an effort to prepare them to respond to impaired drivers at Canadian border-crossings.

Public Safety Canada supported a pilot project to test oral fluid devices with participation from seven law enforcement agencies across Canada. The objective of this pilot was to examine device use in the Canadian climate, within law enforcement practices, to inform training and standard operating procedures for device use and identify possible elements for inclusion as standards for the devices.

The Drugs and Driving Committee (DDC) of the Canadian Society of Forensic Science (CSFS) developed Drug Screening Equipment Oral Fluid Standards and Evaluation Procedures, published on November 1, 2017. Manufacturers were invited to submit devices for evaluation. Devices that meet all evaluation criteria were forwarded for testing to the National Research Council which was engaged by Public Safety to serve as a testing facility employing ISO standards.

Once drug screening equipment is deemed to meet all standards, the DDC makes a recommendation for approval to the Attorney General of Canada (AG). Public Safety is not involved in the selection, testing or approval of drug screeners. For this reporting period, no drug screener had been approved.

Please note that there is a separate Horizontal Initiative for Drug-Impaired Driving.

4. Provide criminal intelligence, enforcement and related training activities

The Federal Policing (FP) Research and Innovation unit of the RCMP has consulted with internal stakeholders to identify key research gaps for FP with regards to cannabis legalization and regulation, and is preparing an initial annotated bibliography of published research on cannabis production and markets relevant to the FP mandate.

Police officers are increasingly receiving training to be able to use these existing tools. A new course entitled “Introduction to Drug-Impaired Driving” has been integrated into the Standard Field Sobriety Testing curriculum. Any officer taking this course as of January 2018 will receive the updated training. The course is also available online to refresh the knowledge of previously trained officers.

The RCMP also increased analytical capacity to assess the involvement of gangs in the illicit cannabis market.

5. Prevent and interdict prohibited cross-border movement of cannabis while maintaining the flow of legitimate travelers and goods

A communications plan led by Global Affairs Canada consolidated the efforts of multiple departments and agencies to ensure that Canadians are aware that taking cannabis out of or into Canada is a criminal offence subject to serious penalties.

In the fiscal year 2017-18, the CBSA initiated work related to the development of a digital communications strategy and procurement of port of entry signage to inform the travelling public about the continued prohibition of crossing the border with cannabis.

Additional key activities included identifying business requirements for updating relevant information and enforcement systems, developing operational guidance, outlining a performance measurement strategy, and determining laboratory equipment requirements for cannabis sampling and testing.

CBSA awareness tools are in place to inform travelling public on the prohibition of cross-border movement of cannabis (i.e., the CBSA awareness videos, Internet pages, and social media are posted online).

Contact information

Eric Costen
Director General
Cannabis Legalization and Regulation Secretariat
eric.costen@canada.ca
613-941-0355

Performance information

Federal departments	Link to department’s Program Activity Architecture or Program Inventory	Horizontal Initiatives activities	Total allocation (from 2017-18 to 2021-22) (dollars)Footnote 1	2017–18 Planned spending (dollars)	2017–18 Actual spending (dollars)	2017–18 Expected results	2017–18 Performance indicators	2017–18 Targets	Date to achieve target	2017–18 Actual results
HCFootnote 2	Cannabis Program	Licensing: License federal producers and other legal market participants; provide client registration and other client services. (Theme Area 1: Establish, implement and enforce the new horizontal initiative)	396,028,610	46,999,384	44,700,553			TBDFootnote c		See Performance highlights
		Compliance and enforcement: Design and promote compliance and enforcement; robust inspection program, involving pre- and post-licence inspections. (Theme Area 1: Establish, implement and enforce the new horizontal initiative)	See first amount for Cannabis Program	See first amount for Cannabis Program	See first amount for Cannabis Program			TBDFootnote c		See Performance highlights
		Public education and outreach: Provide Canadians with information about health and safety risks associated cannabis use. (Theme Area 2: Provide Canadians with information needed to make informed decisions and minimize health and safety harms)	See first amount for Cannabis Program	See first amount for Cannabis Program	See first amount for Cannabis Program			TBDFootnote c
	Internal Services		34,630,217	3,417,762	3,417,762	N/A
	Total HC		430,658,827	50,417,146	48,118,315	N/A
CBSA	Traveller Facilitation and Compliance Program	Traveller awareness. (Theme Area 5: Prevent and interdict prohibited cross-border movement of cannabis while maintaining the flow of legitimate travellers and goods)	30,071,441	3,091,955	647,136					Footnote d
		Port of entry processing. (Theme Area 5: Prevent and interdict prohibited cross-border movement of cannabis while maintaining the flow of legitimate travellers and goods)	See first amount for Traveller Facilitation and Compliance Program	See first amount for Traveller Facilitation and Compliance Program	See first amount for Traveller Facilitation and Compliance Program					See Performance highlights
		Regulatory compliance and enforcement. (Theme Area 5: Prevent and interdict prohibited cross-border movement of cannabis while maintaining the flow of legitimate travellers and goods)	See first amount for Traveller Facilitation and Compliance Program	See first amount for Traveller Facilitation and Compliance Program	See first amount for Traveller Facilitation and Compliance Program			TBD once reporting functionality is in place (CBSA does not have automated reporting capacity related to cannabis). Ability to report by 2020		See Performance highlights
		Policy, monitoring and reporting. (Theme Area 5: Prevent and interdict prohibited cross-border movement of cannabis while maintaining the flow of legitimate travellers and goods)	See first amount for Traveller Facilitation and Compliance Program	See first amount for Traveller Facilitation and Compliance Program	See first amount for Traveller Facilitation and Compliance Program					See Performance highlights
	Recourse	Regulatory compliance and enforcement (Theme Area 5: Prevent and interdict prohibited cross-border movement of cannabis while maintaining the flow of legitimate travellers and goods)	2,781,614	0	0			TBDFootnote e		See Performance highlights
	Internal Services		6,843,365	307,597	307,597	N/A
	Total CBSA		39,696,420	3,399,552	954,733	N/A
PHAC	Evidence for Health Promotion and Chronic Disease and Injury Prevention Program	Develop public health advice to support the role of Canada’s Chief Public Health Officer (CPHO) through knowledge translation and horizontal analysis. (Theme Area 2: Provide Canadians with information needed to make informed decisions and minimize health and safety harms)	2,586,174	276,242	246,340			TBDFootnote e		See Performance highlights
	Internal Services		206,951	22,995	22,995	N/A
	Total PHAC		2,793,125	299,237	269,335	N/A
PS	Crime Prevention	Public education and awareness. (Theme Area 2: Provide Canadians with information needed to make informed decisions and minimize health and safety harms)	1,316,349	243,270	189,594			TBDFootnote e		See Performance highlights
	Serious and Organized Crime	Training for law enforcement. (Theme Area 3: Build law enforcement knowledge and engage partners and stakeholders on public safety)	3,574,036	622,541	423,858			TBDFootnote e		See Performance highlights
		Develop policies to inform operational law enforcement efforts. (Theme Area 3: Build law enforcement knowledge and engage partners and stakeholders on public safety)	See first amount for Serious and Organized Crime	See first amount for Serious and Organized Crime				TBDFootnote e		See Performance highlights
	Internal Services		593,953	130,952	130,952	N/A
	Total PS		5,484,338	996,763	744,404	N/A
RCMPFootnote 2	Sub-Program 4.1.1 Management and Oversight Services	Build capacity to provide security screening reports (i.e., Law Enforcement Records Checks / LERCs) to HC to complete applications for the production of cannabis for non-medical purposes. (Theme Area 1: Establish, implement and enforce the new horizontal initiative)	18,314,319	1,181,728	977,778			TBDFootnote e		See Performance highlights
	Sub-Sub-Program 1.1.2.5 Public Engagement	Enhance RCMP’s capacity to develop and deliver prevention and outreach activities on the new cannabis regime from a law enforcement perspective. (Theme Area 3: Build law enforcement knowledge and engage partners and stakeholders on public safety)	5,507,991	241,239				TBDFootnote e		See Performance highlights
	Sub-Sub-Program 1.1.3.5 Operational Readiness and Response		8,495,091	1,770,642	0
	Sub-Sub-Program 1.1.2.3  Criminal Intelligence	Enhance RCMP’s ability to collect, assess and disseminate information and intelligence related to the evolution of organized crime’s involvement in the illicit substances market. (Theme Area 4: Provide criminal intelligence, enforcement and related training activities)	4,402,524	278,454	0			TBDFootnote e		See Performance highlights
	1.1.2.2 Federal Policing Project-Based Investigations		9,521,726	532,056	0
	Sub-Sub-Program 1.1.2.1 Federal Policing General Investigations		4,697,527	0	0
	Sub-sub-program 1.2.1.5  Criminal Intelligence Service Canada		1,704,611	348,839	2,950;
	Sub-Sub-Program 1.1.2.2 Federal Policing Project-Based Investigations	Ensure that the RCMP is able to develop and deliver extensive training to its officers across Canada to support national implementation and ensure appropriate and standardized criminal enforcement of the new regime. (Theme Area 4: Provide criminal intelligence, enforcement and related training activities)	See first amount for Sub-Sub-Program	See first amount for Sub-Sub-Program 1.1.2.2	145,683			TBDFootnote e
	Sub-Program 4.1.4 Human Resources Management Services		2,898,054	1,198,313
	Internal Services		12,632,903	734,210	236,845	N/A
	Total RCMP		68,174,746	6,285,481	1,363,256	N/A
Total for all federal departments			546,807,456	61,398,179	51,450,043
Footnotes Footnote 1 Amounts include EBP@ 20%, PWGSC accommodation premium @ 13%, SSC costs @ $700 per FTE, and internal services. Return to footnote 1 referrer Footnote 2 Includes Supplementary Estimates C transfer from HC to RCMP in the amount of $342,227. Return to footnote 2 referrer

Comments on variance:

HC: The variance between planned and actual spending is mainly due to permanent accommodation space that has not yet been procured. The program is currently using temporary space.

CBSA: The variance between planned and actual spending is primarily caused by systems development being split into three phases due to the complexity of this new initiative.

PHAC: The variance between planned and actual spending is mainly due to delays in hiring staff for this new initiative.

RCMP: The variance between planned and actual spending is mainly due to delays in legislation, both federally and provincially, which has caused delays in planning and implementation in different areas of this initiative. Funding has been reprofiled to future years.