Official Title: Performance Monitoring Report 2018-2019, Operational and Program Delivery Context – Offender Population
From: Parole Board of Canada
Offender Population
Tables 1-24
The Parole Board of Canada (PBC) and the Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) use the following definitions in reporting offender population information to ensure consistency:
- Incarcerated: includes offenders serving federal sentences in penitentiaries and in provincial facilities, those housed as inmates in Community Correctional Centres (as distinguished from conditionally released offenders), those temporarily absent from the institution on some form of temporary release (Temporary Absence or Work Release), and those remanded in federal custodyFootnote 1 .
- Conditional Release: includes those federal offenders conditionally released on day parole, full parole and statutory release, including those deported, those on long term supervision orders and temporary detainees whether detained in a penitentiary or a provincial jail.
Figure 1. The Federal Offender Population
Text equivalent of Figure 1 – Federal Offender Population
| Year |
Incarcerated |
Conditional release |
|---|
| 2009/10 |
13,531 |
8,709 |
|---|
| 2010/11 |
14,219 |
8,644 |
|---|
| 2011/12 |
14,419 |
8,737 |
|---|
| 2012/13 |
14,744 |
8,500 |
|---|
| 2013/14 |
14,826 |
8,585 |
|---|
| 2014/15 |
14,337 |
8,830 |
|---|
| 2015/16 |
14,134 |
9,189 |
|---|
| 2016/17 |
13,514 |
9,747 |
|---|
| 2017/18 |
13,385 |
10,072 |
|---|
| 2018/19 |
13,475 |
10,237 |
|---|
- On April 7, 2019, the total federal offender population increased 1.1% compared to the previous year (the snapshot of April 8, 2018). The federal incarcerated offender population increased 0.7%, while the federal conditional release population increased 1.6%.
Figure 2. Annual Changes in the Federal Offender Population
Text equivalent of Figure 2 – Annual Changes in the Federal Offender Population
| Year |
Incarcerated |
Conditional release |
|---|
| 2004/05 |
1.7% |
-1.5% |
|---|
| 2005/06 |
0.4% |
1.8% |
|---|
| 2006/07 |
3.9% |
1.0% |
|---|
| 2007/08 |
3.1% |
-0.2% |
|---|
| 2008/09 |
-2.2% |
3.3% |
|---|
| 2009/10 |
1.8% |
-0.1% |
|---|
| 2010/11 |
5.1% |
-0.7% |
|---|
| 2011/12 |
1.4% |
1.1% |
|---|
| 2012/13 |
2.3% |
-2.7% |
|---|
| 2013/14 |
0.6% |
1.0% |
|---|
| 2014/15 |
-3.3% |
2.9% |
|---|
| 2015/16 |
-1.4% |
4.1% |
|---|
| 2016/17 |
-4.4% |
6.1% |
|---|
| 2017/18 |
-1.0% |
3.3% |
|---|
| 2018/19 |
0.7% |
1.6% |
|---|
In 2011-12 and 2012-13, annual increases in the incarcerated offender population were larger than those in the conditional release offender population. This was in part related to the abolition of accelerated parole review (APR) in 2010-11. Higher proportions of non‑violent offenders were released later in their sentences in the following years. Additionally, in 2016-17 and 2017-18, larger proportions of offenders serving sentences for violent offences were released on day and full parole. Combined, the increases in releases of these two offender groups resulted in five consecutive increases in the federal conditional release population between 2014-15 and 2018-19. However, the difference in the annual changes between the incarcerated and the conditional release population has been significantly smaller in 2018-19. In part, this can be explained by the constant decrease in the proportion of statutory releases of both offenders serving sentences for violent offences (from 28% to 23%) and non-violent offences (from 22% to 16%) between 2014-15 and 2018-19.
- The federal incarcerated offender population decreased in 2018-19 in the Atlantic (‑0.9%), Quebec (-3.8%) and Pacific (-2.6%) regions and increased in the Ontario (+5.7%) and Prairie (+1.7%) regions when compared to the previous year.
- In 2018-19, the federal conditional release offender population increased in all regions: Atlantic (+1.3%), Quebec (0.5%), Ontario (+1.5%), Prairie (+2.6%) and Pacific (+2.8%).
- It is important to note that annual changes vary from region to region. This is in part attributed to the offence profile of the regional offender population. The Atlantic region had the lowest proportion of offenders serving sentences for sex offences (10%), while the Ontario region reported the highest (14%). The Ontario region reported the lowest proportion of offenders serving sentences for violent offences (55%). The Pacific region reported the largest proportion of federal offenders serving sentences for violent offences in (69%) and the lowest proportions of federal offenders serving sentences for non‑violent offences (20%). The Atlantic, Ontario and Prairie regions reported the highest proportions of federal offenders serving sentences for non‑violent offences (32%).
- Across Canada, the overall increase in the federal conditional release population was driven by the federal full parole population, which increased 4.5% in 2018-19, and by the federal day parole population, which increased 4.0%. The number of federal offenders on statutory release decreased (-3.0%) when compared to the previous year.
- The increase in the federal day parole population was driven primarily by the Atlantic (+11.1%), Quebec (+8.5%) and Pacific (+10.5%) regions, while a decrease was reported in the Ontario (-3.2%) region. The federal day parole population in the Prairie region (-0.3%) remain relatively stable. Overall, an increase in admissions on warrants of committal two years earlier (+1.1%) as well as a small increase in the day parole grant rate (+0.3%) in 2018-19 resulted in more offenders on federal day parole in 2018-19.
- The federal full parole population increased in all regions in 2018-19. The largest increase was reported in the Prairie region (+9.6%) and smaller increases were observed in the Atlantic (+2.1%), Quebec (+2.7%), Ontario (+4.6%), and Pacific (+2.6%) regions. These increases usually follow increases in the day parole population in the same year or previous year.
- The statutory release population decreased 3.0% in 2018-19. The Atlantic (-5.9%) and Quebec (-6.7%) regions accounted for the majority of the decrease. A smaller decrease was reported in the Prairie region (-2.4%), while the Ontario (-0.7%) and the Pacific (-0.2%) regions reported a slight decrease.
- As for the provincial conditional release population in 2018-19, it decreased to 123 (from 170 in 2017-18). Fifty-four provincial offenders were on day parole and 69 provincial offenders were on full parole.
Figure 3. Federal Full Parole and Statutory Release Offender Populations
Text equivalent of Figure 3 – Federal Full Parole and Statutory Release Offender Populations
| Year |
Full parole |
Statutory release |
|---|
| 2004/05 |
4,043 |
2,922 |
|---|
| 2005/06 |
4,038 |
2,926 |
|---|
| 2006/07 |
3,997 |
3,038 |
|---|
| 2007/08 |
3,969 |
3,016 |
|---|
| 2008/09 |
4,007 |
3,311 |
|---|
| 2009/10 |
4,002 |
3,207 |
|---|
| 2010/11 |
4,040 |
3,177 |
|---|
| 2011/12 |
3,664 |
3,466 |
|---|
| 2012/13 |
3,390 |
3,499 |
|---|
| 2013/14 |
3,457 |
3,519 |
|---|
| 2014/15 |
3,564 |
3,550 |
|---|
| 2015/16 |
3,805 |
3,527 |
|---|
| 2016/17 |
4,146 |
3,508 |
|---|
| 2017/18 |
4,508 |
3,329 |
|---|
| 2018/19 |
4,711 |
3,229 |
|---|
While traditionally the federal full parole population has been larger than the statutory release population, this trend was reversed in 2011-12 and the statutory release population remained larger than the full parole population for the following two years. However, in 2014-15, the federal full parole population surpassed the statutory release population once again.
In 2018-19, federal full parolees accounted for 46% of the federal conditional release population compared to 32% of offenders on statutory release.
- The number of Indigenous federal inmates increased by 7% in 2018-19 and their proportion increased to 29%.
- By comparison, the number of Indigenous federal offenders on conditional release increased by 4% and their proportion remained relatively stable (19%) as compared to 2017-18.
- In 2018-19, the highest proportion of Indigenous offenders was in the Prairie region: 52% of federal male inmates and 64% of federal female inmates in the Prairie region were Indigenous. By comparison, 37% of federal male offenders on conditional release and 51% of federal female offenders on conditional release in the Prairie region were Indigenous.
- Overall, federal male offenders represented 95% of the federal incarcerated population and 92% of the federal conditional release offender population in 2018-19.
- On April 7, 2019, 9,841 federal offenders on conditional release were serving their sentences in Canada, 395 federal offenders had been deported and one federal offender had been extradited. Offenders who have been deported or extradited are listed as active offenders by CSC until sentence completionFootnote 2 .
Federal Offender Profile
Figure 4. Offence Profile of the Total Federal Offender Population
Text equivalent of Figure 4 - Offence Profile of the Total Federal Offender Population
| |
2014/15 |
2015/16 |
2016/17 |
2017/18 |
2018/19 |
|---|
| Non-Violent |
31% |
31% |
30% |
30% |
29% |
|---|
| Violent |
56% |
56% |
57% |
57% |
58% |
|---|
| Sexual |
13% |
13% |
12% |
12% |
12% |
|---|
- On April 7, 2019, 12% of federal offenders were serving sentences for sexual offences, 58% were serving sentences for violent offences and 29% were serving sentences for non-violent offences.
- In 2018-19, the proportion of federal offenders serving sentences for sexual offences remain the same, it increased 0.6% for offenders serving sentences for violent offences and decreased 0.7% for offenders serving sentences for non-violent offences.
Figure 5. Offence Profile of the Federal Incarcerated Offender Population
Text equivalent of Figure 5 - Offence Profile of the Federal Incarcerated Offender Population
| |
2014/15 |
2015/16 |
2016/17 |
2017/18 |
2018/19 |
|---|
| Non-Violent |
27% |
27% |
26% |
26% |
25% |
|---|
| Violent |
59% |
60% |
61% |
62% |
62% |
|---|
| Sexual |
14% |
13% |
13% |
12% |
13% |
|---|
- On April 7, 2019, 13% of federal incarcerated offenders were serving sentences for sexual offences, 62% were serving sentences for violent offences and 25% were serving sentences for non-violent offences.
- In 2018-19, the proportions of federal incarcerated offenders serving sentences for sexual offences and violent offences increased (0.3% and 0.5%) while it decreased 0.7% for offenders serving sentences for non-violent offences compared to 2017-18.
Figure 6. Offence Profile of the Federal Day Parole Population
Text equivalent of Figure 6. Offence Profile of the Federal Day Parole Population
| |
2014/15 |
2015/16 |
2016/17 |
2017/18 |
2018/19 |
|---|
| Non-Violent |
47% |
44% |
43% |
41% |
40% |
|---|
| Violent |
46% |
47% |
48% |
49% |
50% |
|---|
| Sexual |
7% |
9% |
9% |
10% |
10% |
|---|
- On April 7, 2019, 10% of federal offenders on day parole were serving sentences for sexual offences, 50% were serving sentences for violent offences and 40% were serving sentences for non-violent offences.
- There were no significant change in the proportion of federal offenders serving sentences for sexual offences on day parole in 2018-19 when compared to the previous year.
- The proportion of federal offenders serving sentences for violent offences on day parole in 2018-19 increased 1.4% compared to 2017-18, due mostly to an increase in the proportion of federal releases of these offenders from institutions on day parole (+2.1%).
- In 2018-19, the proportion of federal offenders serving sentences for non-violent offences on day parole decreased 1.3% from the previous year. A part of the decrease could be explained by a decrease in the proportion of admissions of these offenders to federal custody (-1.2%) two years earlier. Another reason was a decrease in the proportion of releases of these offenders on day parole (directly from institutions as well as continuations of day paroles) in 2018-19 (-1.9%) when compared to 2017-18.
Figure 7. Offence Profile of the Federal Full Parole Population
Text equivalent of Figure 7. Offence Profile of the Federal Full Parole Population
| |
2014/15 |
2015/16 |
2016/17 |
2017/18 |
2018/19 |
|---|
| Non-Violent |
38% |
39% |
38% |
39% |
37% |
|---|
| Violent |
58% |
56% |
56% |
55% |
56% |
|---|
| Sexual |
5% |
5% |
6% |
6% |
7% |
|---|
- On April 7, 2019, 7% of federal offenders on full parole were serving sentences for sexual offences, 56% were serving sentences for violent offences and 37% were serving sentences for non-violent offences.
- In 2018-19, the proportion of federal offenders on full parole serving sentences for sexual offences and violent offences increased (0.6% and 1.1%) when compared to the previous year.
- The proportion decreased for offenders serving sentences for non-violent offences on full parole in 2018-19 (-1.7%). While the number of these offenders on full parole is the same as last year, their proportion was mostly deflated by an increase (+162) of offenders serving sentences for violent offences.
Figure 8. Offence Profile of the Federal Statutory Release Population
Text equivalent of Figure 8. Offence Profile of the Federal Statutory Release Population
| |
2014/15 |
2015/16 |
2016/17 |
2017/18 |
2018/19 |
|---|
| Non-Violent |
37% |
37% |
36% |
33% |
34% |
|---|
| Violent |
49% |
49% |
51% |
53% |
52% |
|---|
| Sexual |
14% |
14% |
13% |
15% |
14% |
|---|
- On April 7, 2019, 14% of federal offenders on statutory release were serving sentences for sexual offences, 52% were serving sentences for violent offences and 34% were serving sentences for non-violent offences.
- A decrease in the proportion of offenders on statutory release was reported for those serving sentences for sexual offences (-0.9%). The decrease follows an overall decrease in admissions of these offenders to federal custody a year earlier (‑1.2% in 2017-18), as well as a higher proportion being released on full parole (+1.5%) in 2018-19, instead of statutory release, thus making its proportion on statutory release smaller in 2018-19.
- The proportion of offenders serving sentences for non-violent offences on statutory release increased 1.0% in 2018-19 compared to last year, although their number only increased by one individual.
- The proportion remained relatively the same for federal offenders serving sentences for violent offences on statutory release in 2018-19.
Indigenous/Non-Indigenous Profile
Figure 9. Offence Profile of the Federal Indigenous Offender Population in 2018-19
Text equivalent of Figure 9. Offence Profile of the Federal Indigenous Offender Population in 2018-19
| |
INC |
DP |
FP |
SR |
|---|
| Non-Violent |
20% |
29% |
23% |
27% |
|---|
| Violent |
70% |
65% |
70% |
62% |
|---|
| Sexual |
10% |
6% |
7% |
11% |
|---|
Figure 10. Offence Profile of the Federal non-Indigenous Offender Population in 2018-19
Text equivalent of Figure 10. Offence Profile of the Federal non-Indigenous Offender Population in 2018-19
| |
INC |
DP |
FP |
SR |
|---|
| Non-Violent |
28% |
43% |
39% |
37% |
|---|
| Violent |
59% |
46% |
54% |
49% |
|---|
| Sexual |
14% |
11% |
7% |
15% |
|---|
- In 2018-19, non-Indigenous federal offenders sentenced for sexual offences were most likely to be incarcerated or to be serving their sentences on day parole or on statutory release compared to Indigenous federal offenders.
- In 2018-19, Indigenous federal offenders, whether incarcerated or on any type of conditional release were more likely to be serving sentences for violent offences than non-Indigenous federal offenders.
- In 2018-19, non-Indigenous federal offenders sentenced for non-violent offences were more likely to be incarcerated or to be serving their sentences on any type of conditional release compared to Indigenous federal offenders.
Gender Profile
Figure 11. Offence Profile of the Federal Male Offender Population in 2018-19
Text equivalent of Figure 11. Offence Profile of the Federal Male Offender Population in 2018-19
| |
INC |
DP |
FP |
SR |
|---|
| Non-Violent |
25% |
38% |
35% |
33% |
|---|
| Violent |
62% |
51% |
58% |
52% |
|---|
| Sexual |
13% |
11% |
7% |
14% |
|---|
Figure 12. Offence Profile of the Federal Female Offender Population in 2018-19
Text equivalent of Figure 12. Offence Profile of the Federal Female Offender Population in 2018-19
| |
INC |
DP |
FP |
SR |
|---|
| Non-Violent |
41% |
56% |
58% |
43% |
|---|
| Violent |
57% |
40% |
41% |
52% |
|---|
| Sexual |
3% |
4% |
1% |
5% |
|---|
- Overall, men were more likely to be serving sentences for sexual offences and violent offences than women.
- In 2018-19, women whether incarcerated or on any type of conditional release were more likely to be serving sentences for non‑violent offences compared to men.
- In 2018-19, women federal offenders sentenced for non-violent offences were more likely to be serving their sentences on day parole or on full parole.
- As for men, whether incarcerated or on any type of conditional release they were more likely to be serving sentences for violent offences.
Dangerous Offender Designation
The Dangerous Offender provisions of the Criminal Code are intended to protect all Canadians from the most dangerous offenders serving sentences for violent or sexual offence. The court shall find an offender to be a dangerous offender if it is satisfied that the offence for which the offender is convicted is a primary designated offence for which it would be appropriate to impose a sentence of imprisonment of two years or more; that the offender was convicted previously at least twice of a primary designated offence and was sentenced to at least two years of imprisonment for each of those convictions. Therefore the conditions in section 753 (1)(a) or (b) of the Criminal Code, as the case may be, are presumed to have been metFootnote 3 .
If the court finds an offender to be a dangerous offender, it shall impose a sentence of detention in a penitentiary for an indeterminate period, impose a sentence for the offence for which the offender has been convicted — which must be a minimum punishment of imprisonment for a term of two years — and order that the offender be subject to long-term supervision for a period that does not exceed 10 years or impose a sentence for the offence for which the offender has been convictedFootnote 4 .
Figure 13. The Federal Offender Population with a Dangerous Offender Designation
Text equivalent of Figure 13. The Federal Offender Population with a Dangerous Offender Designation
| |
2014/15 |
2015/16 |
2016/17 |
2017/18 |
2018/19 |
|---|
| Pacific |
166 |
185 |
198 |
207 |
217 |
|---|
| Prairie |
136 |
149 |
154 |
159 |
157 |
|---|
| Ontario |
199 |
214 |
235 |
269 |
285 |
|---|
| Quebec |
105 |
117 |
119 |
132 |
134 |
|---|
| Atlantic |
42 |
42 |
45 |
46 |
49 |
|---|
- The federal offender population with a dangerous offender (DO) designation has been constantly increasing in the last five years reaching 842 in 2018-19, which amounts to 3.6% of the total offender population.
- On April 7, 2019, of those offenders that had a DO designation, 726 were still incarcerated; 17 were on day parole, 28 were on full parole, 12 were on statutory release and 59 were on long-term supervision for a total of 116 offenders with a DO designation in the community.
- The federal offender population with a DO designation increased in 2018-19 in the Atlantic (+3), Quebec (+5), Ontario (+16) and Pacific (+10) regions, and decreased in the Prairie region (-2).
- On April 7, 2019, 51% of federal offenders with a DO designation were those sentenced for sexual offences, 43% were those sentenced for violent offences and 6% were those sentenced for non‑violent offences.
- Thirty-four percent (34%) of federal offenders with a DO designation were Indigenous.
- Male offenders represented 99% of the federal offender population with a DO designation in 2018-19.
- The Board rendered 824 decisions for offenders that had a DO designation in 2018-19, an 18% increase compared to the previous year.
Table 1. Federal Offender Population
| Year |
Incarcerated |
Conditional Release |
Total |
| # |
% |
# |
% |
# |
% change |
| 2009-10 |
13,531 |
60.8 |
8,709 |
39.2 |
22,240 |
1.1 |
| 2010-11 |
14,219 |
62.2 |
8,644 |
37.8 |
22,863 |
2.8 |
| 2011-12 |
14,419 |
62.3 |
8,736 |
37.7 |
23,155 |
1.3 |
| 2012-13 |
14,744 |
63.4 |
8,500 |
36.6 |
23,244 |
0.4 |
| 2013-14 |
14,826 |
63.3 |
8,585 |
36.7 |
23,411 |
0.7 |
| 2014-15 |
14,337 |
61.9 |
8,830 |
38.1 |
23,167 |
-1.0 |
| 2015-16 |
14,134 |
60.6 |
9,189 |
39.4 |
23,323 |
0.7 |
| 2016-17 |
13,514 |
58.1 |
9,747 |
40.9 |
23,261 |
-0.3 |
| 2017-18 |
13,385 |
57.1 |
10,072 |
42.9 |
23,457 |
0.8 |
| 2018-19 |
13,475 |
56.8 |
10,237 |
43.2 |
23,712 |
1.1 |
Note: Excluded as of April 7, 2019, were: escapees (119), those on bail (273), and UAL (461).
Definition: Incarcerated population includes: offenders serving federal sentences in penitentiaries and in provincial facilities, those housed as inmates in Community Correctional Centres (as distinguished from conditionally released offenders), those temporarily absent from the institution on some form of temporary release (Temporary Absence or Work Release), and those remanded in federal custody.
Conditional Release population includes: those federal offenders conditionally released on day parole, full parole and statutory release including those paroled for deportation and those on long-term supervision orders and temporary detainees whether detained in a penitentiary or a provincial jail.
Table 2. Federal Offender Population by Region
| Year |
Atlantic |
Quebec |
Ontario |
Prairies |
Pacific |
Canada |
| # |
% |
# |
% |
# |
% |
# |
% |
# |
% |
# |
| 2014-15 |
2,303 |
9.9 |
5,871 |
25.3 |
5,824 |
25.1 |
5,753 |
24.8 |
3,416 |
14.7 |
23,167 |
| 2015-16 |
2,180 |
9.3 |
5,862 |
25.1 |
6,006 |
25.8 |
5,967 |
25.6 |
3,308 |
14.2 |
23,323 |
| 2016-17 |
2,184 |
9.4 |
5,548 |
23.9 |
6,106 |
26.2 |
6,020 |
25.9 |
3,403 |
14.6 |
23,261 |
| 2017-18 |
2,210 |
9.4 |
5,440 |
23.2 |
6,313 |
26.9 |
6,010 |
25.6 |
3,484 |
14.9 |
23,457 |
| 2018-19 |
2,210 |
9.3 |
5,345 |
22.5 |
6,555 |
27.6 |
6,131 |
25.9 |
3,471 |
14.6 |
23,712 |
Note: Excluded as of April 7, 2019, were: escapees (2 Atlantic, 21 Quebec, 49 Ontario, 16 Prairies and 31 Pacific), those on bail (12 Atlantic, 65 Quebec, 140 Ontario, 44 Prairies and 12 Pacific), and UAL (29 Atlantic, 98 Quebec, 101 Ontario, 176 Prairies and 57 Pacific).
Table 3. Federal Incarcerated Population by Region
| Year |
Atlantic |
Quebec |
Ontario |
Prairies |
Pacific |
Canada |
| # |
% |
# |
% |
# |
% |
# |
% |
# |
% |
# |
| 2014-15 |
1,451 |
10.1 |
3,518 |
24.5 |
3,576 |
24.9 |
3,752 |
26.2 |
2,040 |
14.2 |
14,337 |
| 2015-16 |
1,282 |
9.1 |
3,518 |
23.7 |
3,582 |
25.3 |
3,996 |
28.3 |
1,926 |
13.6 |
14,134 |
| 2016-17 |
1,289 |
9.5 |
2,925 |
21.6 |
3,451 |
25.5 |
3,861 |
28.6 |
1,988 |
14.7 |
13,514 |
| 2017-18 |
1,277 |
9.5 |
2,846 |
21.3 |
3,489 |
26.1 |
3,720 |
27.8 |
2,053 |
15.3 |
13,385 |
| 2018-19 |
1,265 |
9.4 |
2,739 |
20.3 |
3,689 |
27.4 |
3,782 |
28.1 |
2,000 |
14.8 |
13,475 |
Table 4. Federal Incarcerated Population by Indigenous and Non-Indigenous
| Year |
Indigenous |
Non-Indigenous |
Canada |
| # |
% |
# |
% |
# |
| 2014-15 |
3,500 |
24.4 |
10,837 |
75.6 |
14,337 |
| 2015-16 |
3,630 |
25.7 |
10,504 |
74.3 |
14,134 |
| 2016-17 |
3,574 |
26.4 |
9,940 |
73.6 |
13,514 |
| 2017-18 |
3,657 |
27.3 |
9,728 |
72.7 |
13,385 |
| 2018-19 |
3,896 |
28.9 |
9,579 |
71.1 |
13,475 |
Table 5. Federal Incarcerated Population by Gender
| Year |
Male |
Female |
Canada |
| # |
% |
# |
% |
# |
| 2014-15 |
13,684 |
95.4 |
653 |
4.6 |
14,337 |
| 2015-16 |
13,464 |
95.3 |
670 |
4.7 |
14,134 |
| 2016-17 |
12,865 |
95.2 |
649 |
4.8 |
13,514 |
| 2017-18 |
12,751 |
95.3 |
634 |
4.7 |
13,385 |
| 2018-19 |
12,837 |
95.3 |
638 |
4.7 |
13,475 |
Table 6. Federal Conditional Release Population
| Year |
Day Parole |
Full Parole |
Statutory Release |
Long-term Supervision |
Total |
| # |
% |
# |
% |
# |
% |
# |
% |
# |
| 2009-10 |
1,230 |
14.1 |
4,002 |
46.0 |
3,207 |
36.8 |
270 |
3.1 |
8,709 |
| 2010-11 |
1,128 |
13.0 |
4,040 |
46.7 |
3,176 |
36.7 |
299 |
3.5 |
8,644 |
| 2011-12 |
1,272 |
14.6 |
3,664 |
41.9 |
3,466 |
39.7 |
334 |
3.8 |
8,736 |
| 2012-13 |
1,243 |
14.6 |
3,390 |
39.9 |
3,499 |
41.2 |
366 |
4.3 |
8,500 |
| 2013-14 |
1,220 |
14.2 |
3,457 |
40.3 |
3,519 |
41.0 |
388 |
4.5 |
8,585 |
| 2014-15 |
1,341 |
15.2 |
3,564 |
40.4 |
3,550 |
40.2 |
371 |
4.2 |
8,830 |
| 2015-16 |
1,406 |
15.3 |
3,805 |
41.4 |
3,527 |
38.4 |
447 |
4.9 |
9,189 |
| 2016-17 |
1,625 |
16.7 |
4,146 |
42.5 |
3,508 |
36.0 |
468 |
4.8 |
9,747 |
| 2017-18 |
1,734 |
17.2 |
4,508 |
44.8 |
3,329 |
33.1 |
495 |
4.9 |
10,072 |
| 2018-19 |
1,804 |
17.6 |
4,711 |
46.0 |
3,229 |
31.5 |
487 |
4.8 |
10,237 |
Note 1: As of April 7, 2019, excluded UAL from supervision were 85 DP (4.5% of total DPs), 104 FP (2.2% of total FPs), 269 SR (7.7% of total SRs) and 3 LTS (0.6% of total LTSs).
Note 2: Totals include offenders who were deported or extradited.
Table 7. Federal Conditional Release Population by Region
| Year |
Supervision Type |
Atlantic |
Quebec |
Ontario |
Prairies |
Pacific |
Canada |
|
2014-15 |
Day parole |
153 |
320 |
301 |
322 |
245 |
1,341 |
| Full parole |
348 |
972 |
905 |
722 |
617 |
3,564 |
| Statutory Release |
338 |
940 |
929 |
899 |
444 |
3,550 |
| Long-term supervision |
13 |
121 |
113 |
58 |
66 |
371 |
| Total |
852 |
2,353 |
2,248 |
2,001 |
1,376* |
8,830 |
| 2015-16 |
Day parole |
170 |
330 |
353 |
293 |
260 |
1,406 |
| Full parole |
380 |
1,027 |
1,035 |
773 |
590 |
3,805 |
| Statutory Release |
333 |
1,019 |
893 |
845 |
437 |
3,527 |
| Long-term supervision |
15 |
138 |
143 |
60 |
91 |
447 |
| Total |
898 |
2,514 |
2,424 |
1,971 |
1,382* |
9,189 |
| 2016-17 |
Day parole |
162 |
437 |
403 |
320 |
303 |
1,625 |
| Full parole |
437 |
1,103 |
1,177 |
831 |
598 |
4,146 |
| Statutory Release |
279 |
933 |
923 |
947 |
426 |
3,508 |
| Long-term supervision |
17 |
150 |
152 |
61 |
83 |
463 |
| Total |
895 |
2,623 |
2,655 |
2,159 |
1,415* |
9,747 |
| 2017-18 |
Day parole |
190 |
377 |
470 |
382 |
315 |
1,734 |
| Full parole |
471 |
1,232 |
1,322 |
869 |
614 |
4,508 |
| Statutory Release |
255 |
826 |
873 |
964 |
411 |
3,329 |
| Long-term supervision |
17 |
159 |
159 |
75 |
85 |
495 |
| Total |
933 |
2,594 |
2,824 |
2,290 |
1,431* |
10,072 |
| 2018-19 |
Day parole |
211 |
409 |
455 |
381 |
348 |
1,804 |
| Full parole |
481 |
1,265 |
1,383 |
952 |
630 |
4,711 |
| Statutory Release |
240 |
771 |
867 |
941 |
410 |
3,299 |
| Long-term supervision |
13 |
161 |
161 |
75 |
77 |
487 |
| Total |
945 |
2,606 |
2,866 |
2,349 |
1,471* |
10,237 |
* Includes offenders who were deported following release on UTA (per Criminal Code of Canada).
Note: Excluded as of April 7, 2019, were UAL (29 Atlantic, 98 Quebec, 101 Ontario, 176 Prairies and 57 Pacific).
Table 8. Federal Conditional Release Population by Indigenous and Non-Indigenous
| Year |
Indigenous |
Non-Indigenous |
Canada |
| # |
% |
# |
% |
# |
| 2014-15 |
1,465 |
16.6 |
7,365 |
83.4 |
8,830 |
| 2015-16 |
1,564 |
17.0 |
7,625 |
83.0 |
9,189 |
| 2016-17 |
1,700 |
17.4 |
8,047 |
82.6 |
9,747 |
| 2017-18 |
1,874 |
18.6 |
8,198 |
81.4 |
10,072 |
| 2018-19 |
1,941 |
19.0 |
8,296 |
81.0 |
10,237 |
Table 9. Federal Conditional Release Population by Gender
| Year |
Male |
Female |
Canada |
| # |
% |
# |
% |
# |
| 2014-15 |
8,268 |
93.6 |
562 |
6.4 |
8,830 |
| 2015-16 |
8,570 |
93.3 |
619 |
6.7 |
9,189 |
| 2016-17 |
9,057 |
92.9 |
690 |
7.1 |
9,747 |
| 2017-18 |
9,314 |
92.5 |
758 |
7.5 |
10,072 |
| 2018-19 |
9,432 |
92.1 |
805 |
7.9 |
10,237 |
Table 10. Provincial Conditional Release Population by Region
| Year |
Supervision Type |
Atlantic |
Quebec |
Ontario |
Prairies |
Pacific |
Canada |
| 2014-15 |
Day parole |
22 |
- |
- |
10 |
45 |
77 |
| Full parole |
24 |
- |
- |
12 |
17 |
53 |
| Long-term supervision |
- |
- |
- |
1 |
- |
1 |
| Total |
46 |
- |
- |
23 |
62 |
131 |
| 2015-16 |
Day parole |
17 |
- |
- |
14 |
48 |
79 |
| Full parole |
33 |
1 |
- |
16 |
21 |
71 |
| Long-term supervision |
- |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
1 |
| Total |
50 |
2 |
- |
30 |
69 |
151 |
| 2016-17 |
Day parole |
17 |
- |
- |
17 |
33 |
67 |
| Full parole |
31 |
1 |
1 |
26 |
21 |
80 |
| Long-term supervision |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Total |
48 |
1 |
1 |
43 |
54 |
147 |
| 2017-18 |
Day parole |
9 |
- |
- |
19 |
54 |
82 |
| Full parole |
23 |
- |
- |
25 |
40 |
88 |
| Long-term supervision |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Total |
32 |
- |
- |
44 |
94 |
170 |
| 2018-19 |
Day parole |
8 |
- |
- |
16 |
30 |
54 |
| Full parole |
20 |
1 |
- |
20 |
28 |
69 |
| Long-term supervision |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Total |
28 |
1 |
- |
36 |
58 |
123 |
Note: Excluded as of April 7, 2019, were: 8 UAL (1 Atlantic, 2 Prairies and 5 Pacific).
The provincial cases in the Quebec and Ontario regions were transfers from another region upon parole release or on an exchange of service.
Table 11. Offence Profile of the Total Federal Offender Population by Region (%)
| Region |
Year |
Sexual |
Violent |
Non-Violent |
| Atlantic |
2014-15 |
10 |
53 |
37 |
| 2015-16 |
10 |
54 |
35 |
| 2016-17 |
10 |
57 |
33 |
| 2017-18 |
10 |
57 |
33 |
| 2018-19 |
10 |
59 |
32 |
| Quebec |
2014-15 |
13 |
55 |
32 |
| 2015-16 |
14 |
54 |
32 |
| 2016-17 |
13 |
55 |
32 |
| 2017-18 |
13 |
56 |
31 |
| 2018-19 |
14 |
57 |
29 |
| Ontario |
2014-15 |
14 |
55 |
31 |
| 2015-16 |
14 |
54 |
32 |
| 2016-17 |
14 |
54 |
32 |
| 2017-18 |
14 |
54 |
32 |
| 2018-19 |
13 |
55 |
32 |
| Prairies |
2014-15 |
13 |
54 |
33 |
| 2015-16 |
13 |
55 |
32 |
| 2016-17 |
12 |
56 |
31 |
| 2017-18 |
12 |
56 |
32 |
| 2018-19 |
12 |
56 |
32 |
| Pacific |
2014-15 |
12 |
65 |
22 |
| 2015-16 |
12 |
67 |
21 |
| 2016-17 |
11 |
68 |
21 |
| 2017-18 |
11 |
69 |
20 |
| 2018-19 |
11 |
69 |
20 |
Table 12. Offence Profile of the Federal Incarcerated and Conditional Release Population by Region in 2018-19 (%)
| Region |
Offender Population |
Sexual |
Violent |
Non-Violent |
| Atlantic |
Incarcerated |
9 |
63 |
28 |
| Conditional release |
10 |
52 |
38 |
| Quebec |
Incarcerated |
14 |
62 |
23 |
| Conditional release |
14 |
51 |
35 |
| Ontario |
Incarcerated |
14 |
59 |
26 |
| Conditional release |
12 |
50 |
38 |
| Prairies |
Incarcerated |
11 |
58 |
30 |
| Conditional release |
13 |
52 |
35 |
| Pacific |
Incarcerated |
11 |
73 |
16 |
| Conditional release |
10 |
64 |
26 |
Table 13. Offence Profile of the Federal Conditional Release Population (%)
| Supervision Type |
Year |
Sexual |
Violent |
Non-Violent |
| Day parole |
2014-15 |
7 |
46 |
47 |
| 2015-16 |
9 |
47 |
44 |
| 2016-17 |
9 |
48 |
43 |
| 2017-18 |
10 |
49 |
41 |
| 2018-19 |
10 |
50 |
40 |
| Full parole |
2014-15 |
5 |
58 |
38 |
| 2015-16 |
5 |
56 |
39 |
| 2016-17 |
6 |
56 |
38 |
| 2017-18 |
6 |
55 |
39 |
| 2018-19 |
7 |
56 |
37 |
| Statutory release |
2014-15 |
14 |
49 |
37 |
| 2015-16 |
14 |
49 |
37 |
| 2016-17 |
13 |
51 |
36 |
| 2017-18 |
15 |
53 |
33 |
| 2018-19 |
14 |
52 |
34 |
| Long-term supervision |
2014-15 |
68 |
30 |
2 |
| 2015-16 |
67 |
32 |
1 |
| 2016-17 |
65 |
33 |
2 |
| 2017-18 |
63 |
35 |
2 |
| 2018-19 |
62 |
37 |
2 |
Table 14. Offence Profile of the Total Federal Offender Population by Indigenous and Non-Indigenous (%)
| Ind/N-Ind |
Year |
Sexual |
Violent |
Non-Violent |
| Indigenous |
2014-15 |
13 |
65 |
21 |
| 2015-16 |
12 |
66 |
22 |
| 2016-17 |
11 |
69 |
20 |
| 2017-18 |
11 |
68 |
21 |
| 2018-19 |
10 |
68 |
21 |
| Non-Indigenous |
2014-15 |
13 |
53 |
34 |
| 2015-16 |
13 |
53 |
34 |
| 2016-17 |
13 |
54 |
33 |
| 2017-18 |
13 |
54 |
33 |
| 2018-19 |
13 |
55 |
32 |
Table 15. Offence Profile of the Total Federal Offender Population by Gender (%)
| Gender |
Year |
Sexual |
Violent |
Non-Violent |
| Male |
2014-15 |
14 |
56 |
30 |
| 2015-16 |
14 |
56 |
30 |
| 2016-17 |
13 |
58 |
29 |
| 2017-18 |
13 |
58 |
29 |
| 2018-19 |
13 |
59 |
28 |
| Female |
2014-15 |
3 |
52 |
45 |
| 2015-16 |
3 |
52 |
46 |
| 2016-17 |
2 |
51 |
46 |
| 2017-18 |
3 |
50 |
47 |
| 2018-19 |
3 |
50 |
47 |
Dangerous Offender Designation
Table 16. Federal Offender Population with a Dangerous Offender Designation
| Year |
Incarcerated |
Conditional Release |
Total |
| # |
% |
# |
% |
# |
% of Total Offender Population |
| 2014-15 |
597 |
92.1 |
51 |
7.9 |
648 |
2.8 |
| 2015-16 |
640 |
90.5 |
67 |
9.5 |
707 |
3.0 |
| 2016-17 |
673 |
89.6 |
78 |
10.4 |
751 |
3.2 |
| 2017-18 |
707 |
87.0 |
106 |
13.0 |
813 |
3.5 |
| 2018-19 |
726 |
86.2 |
116 |
13.8 |
842 |
3.6 |
Note: Excluded as of April 7, 2019 were: escapees (4) and UAL (3).
Table 17. Federal Offender Population with a Dangerous Offender Designation by Region
| Year |
Atlantic |
Quebec |
Ontario |
Prairies |
Pacific |
Canada |
| # |
% |
# |
% |
# |
% |
# |
% |
# |
% |
# |
| 2014-15 |
42 |
6.5 |
105 |
16.2 |
199 |
30.7 |
136 |
21.0 |
166 |
25.6 |
648 |
| 2015-16 |
42 |
5.9 |
117 |
16.5 |
214 |
30.3 |
149 |
21.1 |
185 |
26.2 |
707 |
| 2016-17 |
45 |
6.0 |
119 |
15.8 |
235 |
31.3 |
154 |
20.5 |
198 |
26.4 |
751 |
| 2017-18 |
46 |
5.7 |
132 |
16.2 |
269 |
33.1 |
159 |
19.6 |
207 |
25.5 |
813 |
| 2018-19 |
49 |
5.8 |
134 |
15.9 |
285 |
33.8 |
157 |
18.6 |
217 |
25.8 |
842 |
Note: Excluded as of April 7, 2019 were: escapees (1 Quebec, 1 Ontario and 2 Pacific) and UAL (2 Prairies and Pacific).
Table 18. Federal Offender Population with a Dangerous Offender Designation by Indigenous and Non-Indigenous
| Year |
Indigenous |
Non-Indigenous |
Canada |
| # |
% |
# |
% |
# |
| 2014-15 |
198 |
30.6 |
450 |
69.4 |
648 |
| 2015-16 |
228 |
32.2 |
479 |
67.8 |
707 |
| 2016-17 |
251 |
33.4 |
500 |
66.6 |
751 |
| 2017-18 |
280 |
34.4 |
533 |
65.6 |
813 |
| 2018-19 |
288 |
34.2 |
554 |
65.8 |
842 |
Table 19. Federal Offender Population with a Dangerous Offender Designation by Gender
| Year |
Male |
Female |
Canada |
| # |
% |
# |
% |
# |
| 2014-15 |
644 |
99.4 |
4 |
0.6 |
648 |
| 2015-16 |
703 |
99.4 |
4 |
0.6 |
707 |
| 2016-17 |
744 |
99.1 |
7 |
0.9 |
751 |
| 2017-18 |
805 |
99.0 |
8 |
1.0 |
813 |
| 2018-19 |
832 |
98.8 |
10 |
1.2 |
842 |
Table 20. Federal Conditional Release Population with a Dangerous Offender Designation
| Year |
Day Parole |
Full Parole |
Statutory Release |
Long-term Supervision |
Total |
| # |
% |
# |
% |
# |
% |
# |
% |
# |
| 2014-15 |
12 |
23.5 |
24 |
47.1 |
3 |
5.9 |
12 |
23.5 |
51 |
| 2015-16 |
14 |
20.9 |
25 |
37.3 |
4 |
6.0 |
24 |
35.8 |
67 |
| 2016-17 |
20 |
25.6 |
24 |
30.8 |
4 |
5.1 |
30 |
38.5 |
78 |
| 2017-18 |
20 |
18.9 |
27 |
25.5 |
11 |
10.4 |
48 |
45.3 |
106 |
| 2018-19 |
17 |
14.7 |
28 |
24.1 |
12 |
10.3 |
59 |
50.9 |
116 |
Note : As of April 7, 2019, excluded UAL from supervision were 1 FP, 1 SR and 1 LTS.
Table 21. Offence Profile of the Federal Incarcerated and Conditional Release Population with a Dangerous Offender Designation (%)
| Year |
Offender Population |
Sexual |
Violent |
Non-Violent |
| 2014-15 |
Incarcerated |
61 |
33 |
6 |
| Conditional release |
41 |
39 |
20 |
| 2015-16 |
Incarcerated |
58 |
36 |
6 |
| Conditional release |
40 |
42 |
18 |
| 2016-17 |
Incarcerated |
55 |
40 |
5 |
| Conditional release |
45 |
38 |
17 |
| 2017-18 |
Incarcerated |
54 |
40 |
6 |
| Conditional release |
41 |
47 |
12 |
| 2018-19 |
Incarcerated |
53 |
41 |
5 |
| Conditional release |
38 |
53 |
9 |
Table 22. Offence Profile of the Federal Offender Population with a Dangerous Offender Designation by Indigenous and Non-Indigenous (%)
| Ind/N-Ind |
Year |
Sexual |
Violent |
Non-Violent |
| Indigenous |
2014-15 |
51 |
45 |
5 |
| 2015-16 |
47 |
48 |
5 |
| 2016-17 |
43 |
54 |
3 |
| 2017-18 |
40 |
54 |
5 |
| 2018-19 |
41 |
56 |
3 |
| Non-Indigenous |
2014-15 |
63 |
29 |
8 |
| 2015-16 |
61 |
31 |
9 |
| 2016-17 |
59 |
32 |
8 |
| 2017-18 |
58 |
34 |
8 |
| 2018-19 |
57 |
36 |
7 |
Table 23. Offence Profile of the Federal Offender Population with a Dangerous Offender Designation by Gender (%)
| Gender |
Year |
Sexual |
Violent |
Non-Violent |
| Male |
2014-15 |
59 |
33 |
7 |
| 2015-16 |
56 |
36 |
7 |
| 2016-17 |
54 |
39 |
6 |
| 2017-18 |
52 |
41 |
7 |
| 2018-19 |
52 |
42 |
6 |
| Female |
2014-15 |
- |
100 |
- |
| 2015-16 |
- |
100 |
- |
| 2016-17 |
14 |
86 |
- |
| 2017-18 |
13 |
88 |
- |
| 2018-19 |
10 |
90 |
- |
Table 24. Federal Offender Population with a Dangerous Offender Designation by Sentence Type
| Year |
Indeterminate |
Determinate |
| # |
% |
# |
% |
| 2014-15 |
578 |
89.2 |
70 |
10.8 |
| 2015-16 |
610 |
86.3 |
97 |
13.7 |
| 2016-17 |
637 |
84.8 |
114 |
15.2 |
| 2017-18 |
665 |
81.8 |
148 |
18.2 |
| 2018-19 |
676 |
80.3 |
166 |
19.7 |
