Appendix C: The Chief Public Health Officer's Report on The State of Public Health in Canada 2010 – Definitions and data sources for indicators

Appendix C: Definitions and Data Sources for Indicators

- A -

Aboriginal (2006)

^{Footnote 606}

This is a collective name for the original peoples of North America and their descendants. The Constitution Act of 1982 recognizes three groups of Aboriginal peoples – Indians, Inuit and Métis – each having unique heritages, languages, cultural practices and spiritual beliefs.

Data Source

Table 3.1: Statistics Canada. (2009-12-11). Aboriginal identity population by age groups, median age and sex, 2006 counts for both sexes, for Canada, provinces and territories – 20% sample data [Data File].
Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2009-12-11). Aboriginal identity population by age groups, median age and sex, 2006 counts for both sexes, for Canada, provinces and territories – 20% sample data [Data File].

Alcohol dependence (2002)^{Footnote 205Footnote 607}

Alcohol dependence is defined as tolerance, withdrawal, loss of control or social or physical problems related to alcohol use. This measure was estimated using the Alcohol Dependence Scale (Short Form Score) based on a subset of items from the Composite International Diagnostic Interview developed by Kessler and Mroczek for those aged 15 years and older.

Data Source

Appendix B: Government of Canada. (2006). The Human Face of Mental Health and Mental Illness in Canada.

Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (2008)^{Footnote 216Footnote 608}

The DSM-III-R criteria were used to classify people as demented or not. Differential diagnoses used the NINCDS- ADRDA and DSM-IV criteria for Alzheimer's disease; the ICD-10 and the NINDS-AIREN criteria were used to define vascular dementia; operational criteria for Lewy body dementia were taken from McKeith et al. Those without dementia were classified as cognitively impaired but not demented (CIND), or as cognitively normal. Reisberg's Global Deterioration Scale was used for rating cognitive and functional capacity in all diagnoses.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Smetanin, P., Kobak, P., Briante, C., Stiff, D., Sherman, G., & Ahmad, S. (2009). Rising Tide: The Impact of Dementia in Canada 2008 to 2038; and Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009-01-14).[Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the CANSIM Table 051-0001 Estimates of population, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces and territories, annual (persons unless otherwise noted), prepared by Statistics Canada].
Appendix B: Smetanin, P., Kobak, P., Briante, C., Stiff, D., Sherman, G., & Ahmad, S. (2009). Rising Tide: The Impact of Dementia in Canada 2008 to 2038; and Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009-01-14).[Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the CANSIM Table 051-0001 Estimates of population, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces and territories, annual (persons unless otherwise noted), prepared by Statistics Canada].

Anxiety disorders (2002)^{Footnote 205}

Individuals with anxiety disorders experience excessive anxiety, fear or worry, causing them to either avoid situations that might precipitate the anxiety or develop compulsive rituals that lessen the anxiety. This measure was estimated using the criteria for experiencing panic disorder, agoraphobia and social anxiety disorder in the previous 12 months for those aged 15 years and older.

Data Source

Appendix B: Government of Canada. (2006). The Human Face of Mental Health and Mental Illness in Canada.

Arthritis (2008, 2009)^{Footnote 175}

Population who reported having arthritis, including rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, but excluding fibromyalgia, as diagnosed by a health professional.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009). [Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 2009 – Healthy Aging, prepared by Statistics Canada]. Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2009-06-26). CANSIM Table 105-0501 Health indicator profile, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2007 boundaries) and peer groups, occasional [Data File].

Asthma (2008)^{Footnote 175}

Population aged 12 and over who reported having asthma as diagnosed by a health professional.

Data Source

Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2009-06-26). CANSIM Table 105-0501 Health indicator profile, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2007 boundaries) and peer groups, occasional [Data File].

- C -

Cancer incidence (2006)^{Footnote 130}

Number of people diagnosed with new primary sites of cancers.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Statistics Canada. (2009-07-29). CANSIM Table 103-0550 New cases for ICD-O-3 primary sites of cancer (based on the July 2009 CCR tabulation file), by age group and sex, Canada, provinces and territories, annual [Data File]; and Public Health Agency of Canada. (2010-05-06).[Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the CANSIM Table 051-0001 Estimates of population, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces and territories, annual (persons unless otherwise noted), prepared by Statistics Canada]. Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2009-07-29). CANSIM Table 103-0550 New cases for ICD-O-3 primary sites of cancer (based on the July 2009 CCR tabulation file), by age group and sex, Canada, provinces and territories, annual [Data File].

Cancers (2006)^{Footnote 107}

Deaths associated with malignant cancers (ICD-10 C00-C97) including but not limited to cancers of the lymph nodes, blood, brain and urinary tract.

Data Source

,P.Table 3.2: Statistics Canada. (2010-05-03). CANSIM Table 102-0522 Deaths, by cause, Chapter II: Neoplasms (C00 to D48), age group and sex, Canada, annual [Data File]; and Public Health Agency of Canada. (2010-05-06).[Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the CANSIM Table 051-0001 Estimates of population, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces and territories, annual (persons unless otherwise noted), prepared by Statistics Canada].

Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2010-05-03). CANSIM Table 102-0522 Deaths, by cause, Chapter II: Neoplasms (C00 to D48), age group and sex, Canada, annual [Data File]; and Public Health Agency of Canada. (2010-05-06).[Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the CANSIM Table 051-0001 Estimates of population, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces and territories, annual (persons unless otherwise noted), prepared by Statistics Canada].

Chlamydia (2009)^{Footnote 609}

Estimated rate per 100,000 population, where Chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomatis) has been identified through laboratory testing.

Data Source

Appendix B: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2010-05-06).
Reported cases of notifiable STI from January 1 to December 31, 2008 and January 1 to December 31, 2009 and corresponding annual rates for January 1 to December 31, 2008 and 2009.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2008)^{Footnote 610}

Respondents aged 35 years and older who reported having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic bronchitis or emphysema.

Data Source

Appendix B: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2008).[Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the Canadian Community Health Survey 2008 (AC- SHR), prepared by Statistics Canada].

Circulatory diseases (2006)^{Footnote 114}

Deaths associated with circulatory diseases (ICD I00-I99) including but not limited to ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular diseases and pulmonary heart conditions.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Statistics Canada. (2010-05-03). CANSIM Table 102-0529 Deaths, by cause, Chapter IX: Diseases of the circulatory system (I00 to I99), age group and sex, Canada, annual [Data File]; and Public Health Agency of Canada. (2010-05-06).[Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the CANSIM Table 051-0001 Estimates of population, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces and territories, annual (persons unless otherwise noted), prepared by Statistics Canada]. Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2010-05-03). CANSIM Table 102-0529 Deaths, by cause, Chapter IX: Diseases of the circulatory system (I00 to I99), age group and sex, Canada, annual [Data File]; and Public Health Agency of Canada. (2010-05-06).[Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the CANSIM Table 051-0001 Estimates of population, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces and territories, annual (persons unless otherwise noted), prepared by Statistics Canada].

Contact with dental professional in the past 12 months (2008, 2009)^{Footnote 610}

Persons who have consulted with a dental professional in the past 12 months.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009). [Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 2009 – Healthy Aging, prepared by Statistics Canada]. Appendix B: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2008).[Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the Canadian Community Health Survey 2008 (AC-SHR), prepared by Statistics Canada].

Core housing need (2006)^{Footnote 611}

A household is in core housing need if it does not meet one or more of the adequacy, suitability or affordability standards and would have to spend 30 percent or more of its before-tax income to pay the median rate of alternative local market housing that's meets all three standards. Adequate housing does not require any major repairs. Suitable housing has enough bedrooms for the size and make-up of resident households according to National Occupancy Standard requirements. Affordable housing costs less than 30 percent of before-tax household income.

Data Source

Appendix B: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. (2009).
2006 Census Housing Series: Issue 3 – The Adequacy, Suitability, and Affordability of Canadian Housing, 1991-2006.

Current smoker (2008)^{Footnote 612}

Respondents who have identified themselves as daily smokers and non-daily smokers (also known as occasional smokers).

Data Source

Appendix B: Health Canada. (2009-08-13). Canadian Tobacco Use Monitoring Survey (CTUMS) 2008 – Table 1. Smoking status and average number of cigarettes smoked per day, by age group and sex, age 15+ years, Canada 2008.

- D -

Diabetes (2006-2007)^{Footnote 131}

Individuals were counted as having been diagnosed with diabetes when they had at least one hospitalization with a diagnosis of diabetes or had at least two physician visits with a diagnosis of diabetes within a two-year period.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009). Report from the National Diabetes Surveillance System: Diabetes in Canada, 2009.
Appendix B: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009). Report from the National Diabetes Surveillance System: Diabetes in Canada, 2009.

- E -

Engaged in leisure-time physical activity (2008)^{Footnote 175}

Population aged 12 and over who reported a level of physical activity, based on their responses to questions about the nature, frequency and duration of their participation in leisure-time physical activity. Respondents are classified as active, moderately active or inactive based on an index of average daily physical activity over the past three months. For each leisure-time physical activity engaged in by the respondent, average daily energy expenditure is calculated by multiplying the number of times the activity was performed by the average duration of the activity by the energy cost (kilocalories per kilogram of body weight per hour) of the activity. The index is calculated as the sum of the average daily energy expenditures of all activities. Respondents are classified as follows:

• 3.0 kcal/kg/day or more = physically active
• 1.5 to 2.9 kcal/kg/day = moderately active
• less than 1.5 kcal/kg/day = inactive

Data Source

Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2009-06-26). CANSIM Table 105-0501 Health indicator profile, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2007 boundaries) and peer groups, occasional [Data File].

Excellent or very good self-rated health (2008, 2009)^{Footnote 175}

Population who reported perceiving their own health status as being either excellent or very good. Perceived health refers to the perception of a person's health in general, either by the person himself or herself, or, in the case of a proxy response, by the person responding. Health means not only the absence of disease or injury but also physical, mental and social well-being.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009). [Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 2009 – Healthy Aging, prepared by Statistics Canada].
Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2009-06-26). CANSIM Table 105-0501 Health indicator profile, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2007 boundaries) and peer groups, occasional [Data File].

Excellent or very good functional health (2005)^{Footnote 141}

Population aged 65 years and over reporting measures of overall functional health, based on eight dimensions of functioning (vision, hearing, speech, mobility, dexterity, feelings, cognition and pain).

Data Source

Table 3.2: Statistics Canada. (2007-05-25). CANSIM Table 105-0213 Functional health status, by age group and sex, household population aged 12 years and over, Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS 2.1 and 3.1), Canada, provinces and territories, every 2 years [Data File].

Excellent or very good self-rated mental health (2008, 2009)^{Footnote 175}

Population who reported perceiving their own mental health status as being either excellent or very good. Perceived mental health refers to the perception of a person's mental health in general. Perceived mental health provides a general indication of the population suffering from some form of mental disease, mental or emotional problems, or distress, not necessarily reflected in perceived health.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009). [Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 2009 – Healthy Aging, prepared by Statistics Canada].
Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2009-06-26). CANSIM Table 105-0501 Health indicator profile, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2007 boundaries) and peer groups, occasional [Data File].

- F -

Fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) exposure (2007)^{Footnote 613}

This indicator uses the warm seasonal average of 24-hour daily average concentrations, which is population- weighted to calculate trends and averages across monitoring stations located throughout the country.

Data Source
Appendix B: Environment Canada. (2010-06-02). Air Quality Data Tables [Data File].

First Nations (2006)

See Aboriginal

Fruit and vegetable consumption (5+ times a day) (2008)^{Footnote 175}

Indicates the usual number of times (frequency) per day a person reported eating fruits and vegetables. Measure does not take into account the amount consumed.

Data Source

Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2009-06-26). CANSIM Table 105-0501 Health indicator profile, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2007 boundaries) and peer groups, occasional [Data File].

- G -

Gonorrhea (2009)^{Footnote 609}

Estimated rate per 100,000 population, where Gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) has been identified through laboratory testing.

Data Source

Appendix B: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2010-05-06).
Reported cases of notifiable STI from January 1 to December 31, 2008 and January 1 to December 31, 2009 and corresponding annual rates for January 1 to December 31, 2008 and 2009.

Ground-level ozone exposure (2007)^{Footnote 613}

This indicator uses the warm seasonal average of daily eight-hour maximum average concentrations, which is population-weighted to calculate trends and averages across monitoring stations located throughout the country.

Data Source

Appendix B: Environment Canada. (2010-06-02). Air Quality Data Tables [Data File].

- H -

Health-adjusted life expectancy (2001)^{Footnote 614}

An indicator of overall population health that combines measures of both age– and sex–specific health status, and age– and sex–specific mortality into a single statistic. It represents the number of expected years of life equivalent to years lived in full health, based on the average experience in a population.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Statistics Canada. (2007-05-17). CANSIM Table 102-0121 Health-adjusted life expectancy, at birth and at age 65, by sex and income group, Canada and provinces, occasional (years) [Data File].
Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2007-05-17). CANSIM Table 102-0121 Health-adjusted life expectancy, at birth and at age 65, by sex and income group, Canada and provinces, occasional (years) [Data File].

Heart disease (2008, 2009)^{Footnote 610}

Respondents who reported having heart disease.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009). [Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 2009 – Healthy Aging, prepared by Statistics Canada]. Appendix B: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2008).[Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the Canadian Community Health Survey 2008 (AC-SHR), prepared by Statistics Canada].

Heavy drinking (5+ drinks on one occasion 12+ times in a year) (2008)^{Footnote 175}

Population aged 12 and over who reported having at least five drinks on a single occasion each month for the past 12 months.

Data Source

Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2009-06-26). CANSIM Table 105-0501 Health indicator profile, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2007 boundaries) and peer groups, occasional [Data File].

High blood pressure (2008, 2009)^{Footnote 610}

Respondents who reported having high blood pressure or having used blood pressure medication in the past month.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009). [Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 2009 – Healthy Aging, prepared by Statistics Canada]. Appendix B: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2008).[Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the Canadian Community Health Survey 2008 (AC-SHR), prepared by Statistics Canada].

High school graduates (2009)^{Footnote 258}

Persons who have received, at minimum, a high school diploma or, in Québec, a completed Secondary V or, in Newfoundland and Labrador, completed fourth year of secondary.

Data Source

Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2010-01-06). CANSIM Table 282-0004 Labour force survey estimates (LFS), by educational attainment, sex and age group, annual [Custom Data File].

HIV (2005)^{Footnote 615}

The number of new HIV infections occurring in 2005.

Data Source

Appendix B: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2007). HIV/AIDS – Epi Updates 2007.

- I -

Illicit drug use (in the past year) (2004)^{Footnote 616}

Illicit drug use by persons aged 25 years and older, in Canada, who have used illicit drugs (cannabis, cocaine, speed, ecstacy, hallucinogens or heroin) within the past year.

Data Source

Appendix B: Health Canada. (2007). Canadian Addiction Survey – A National Survey of Canadians' Use of Alcohol and Other Drugs.

Immigrant (2006)^{Footnote 617}

Applies to a person who has been granted the right to permanently live in Canada by immigration authorities. It usually applies to persons born outside Canada but may also apply to a small number of persons born inside Canada to parents who are foreign nationals, and persons who are Canadian by birth born outside Canada to Canadian parents.

Data Source

Table 3.1: Statistics Canada. (2010-05-19). Immigrant Status and Place of Birth, Sex and Age Groups for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census – 20% Sample Data [Data File].
Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2010-05-19). Immigrant Status and Place of Birth, Sex and Age Groups for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census – 20% Sample Data [Data File].

Infant mortality rate (under one year) (2007)^{Footnote 619}

Infant mortality rate is the number of infant deaths occurring within the first year of life during a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year.

Data Source

Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2010-02-22). CANSIM Table 102-0507 Infant mortality, by age group, Canada, provinces and territories, annual [Data File].

Infectious syphilis (2009)^{Footnote 609}

Estimated rate per 100,000 population, where infectious syphilis (including primary, secondary and early latent stages) has been identified through laboratory testing.

Data Source

Appendix B: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2010-05-06). Reported cases of notifiable STI from January 1 to December 31, 2008 and January 1 to December 31, 2009 and corresponding annual rates for January 1 to December 31, 2008 and 2009.

Inuit (2006)

See Aboriginal

- L -

Life expectancy (2005-2007)^{Footnote 103}

Life expectancy is the average number of years of life remaining at birth or at another age. It is expressed as an average for a three-year period and is based on three-year age-specific mortality rates.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Statistics Canada. (2010-02-22). CANSIM Table 102-0512 Life expectancy, at birth and at age 65, by sex, Canada, provinces and territories, annual (years) [Data File].
Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2010-02-22). CANSIM Table 102-0512 Life expectancy, at birth and at age 65, by sex, Canada, provinces and territories, annual (years) [Data File].

Living alone (2006)⁹⁵

Persons living alone in a private household.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Statistics Canada. (2010-01-06). Household Living Arrangements, Age Groups and Sex for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2006 Census – 20% Sample Data [Data File].

Living in health care and related facilities (2006)^{Footnote 99Footnote 620}

Persons residing in general hospitals, other hospitals or related institutions, facilities for person with a disability, special care facilities (i.e. nursing homes, residence for senior citizens and chronic and long-term care
and related facilities).

Data Source

Table 3.1: Statistics Canada. (2010-04-20). Age groups and Collective dwelling types for Persons 65 years and over in collective dwellings of Canada, 2006 Census – 2A, 100% data [Custom Data File].

Living in private households (2006)^{Footnote 621}

Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada.

Data Source

Table 3.1: Statistics Canada. (2010-01-06). Household Living Arrangements, Age Groups and Sex for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2006 Census – 20% Sample Data [Data File].

- M -

Major depression (2002)^{Footnote 205Footnote 622}

Major depressive disorder is characterized by one or more major depressive episodes (at least two weeks of depressed mood and/or loss of interest in usual activities accompanied by at least four additional symptoms of depression).

• depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day, as indicated by either subjective report (for example, feels sad or empty) or observation made by others (for example, appears tearful);
• markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, activities most of the day, nearly every day (as indicated by either subjective account or observation made by others);
• significant weight loss when not dieting, or weight gain (for example, a change of more than 5% of body weight in a month), or decrease or increase in appetite nearly every day;
• insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day;
• psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day (observable by others, not merely subjective feelings of restlessness or being slowed down);
• fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day;
• feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt (which may be delusional) nearly every day (not merely self- reproach or guilt about being sick);
• diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day (either by subjective account or as observed by others); and
• recurrent thoughts of death (not just fear of dying), recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt or a specific plan for committing suicide.

Data Source

Appendix B: Government of Canada. (2006). The Human Face of Mental Health and Mental Illness in Canada.

Métis (2006)

See Aboriginal

- O -

Obesity (2008)^{Footnote 170}

According to the WHO and Health Canada guidelines, the index for body weight classification is: less than 18.50 (underweight); 18.50 to 24.99 (normal weight); 25.00 to 29.99 (overweight); 30.00 to 34.99 (obese, class I); 35.00 to 39.99 (obese, class II); 40.00 or greater (obese, class III).

The index is calculated for the population aged 18 years and over, excluding pregnant females and persons less than 3 feet (0.914 metres) tall or greater than 6 feet 11 inches (2.108 metres).

Body mass index (BMI) is calculated by dividing the respondent's body weight (in kilograms) by their height (in metres) squared.

Data Source

Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2009-06-24). CANSIM Table 105-0507 Measured adult body mass index (BMI), by age group and sex, household population aged 18 and over excluding pregnant females, Canada (excluding territories), occasional (number unless otherwise noted) [Data File].

Often have difficulties with activities (2008)^{Footnote 610}

Respondents aged 65 years and older who reported having difficulty hearing, seeing, communicating, walking, climbing stairs, bending, learning or doing similar activities.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2008).[Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the Canadian Community Health Survey 2008 (AC-SHR), prepared by Statistics Canada].

- P -

Paid employment rate (2009)^{Footnote 258}

The employment rate is the number of persons employed expressed as a percentage of the population 65 years of age and over.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Statistics Canada. (2010-01-06). CANSIM Table 282-0004 Labour force survey estimates (LFS), by educational attainment, sex and age group, annual [Custom Data File].

People reporting food insecurity (2004)^{Footnote 623}

A situation that exists when people lack secure access to sufficient amounts of safe and nutritious food for normal growth and development and an active and healthy life.

Data Source

Appendix B: Health Canada. (2007). Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 2.2, Nutrition (2004): Income-Related Household Food Security in Canada.

Persons living in low-income (after-tax) (2008)^{Footnote 245}

The percentage of Canadian families who are likely to spend 20 percent or more of their total post-tax income on necessities (food, clothing and footwear, and shelter) when compared to an average family of the same size, in the same broad community size. Low-income is based on the consumption patterns for 1992 and adjusted for family size, community sizes and inflation based on the national Consumer Price Index (see Table C.1).

Data Source

Table 3.2: Statistics Canada. (2010). CANSIM Table 202-0802 Persons in low income, annual [Custom Data File]. Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2010). Table 202-0802 Persons in low income, annual [Custom Data File].

Population (2006, 2009)^{Footnote 625}

Estimated population and population according to the census are both defined as being the number of Canadians whose usual place of residence is in that area, regardless of where they happened to be on Census Day.

Also included are any Canadians staying in a dwelling in that area on Census Day and having no usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada, as well as those considered non-permanent residents.

The 2009 population estimates are derived by using final postcensal population estimates for July 1, 2006, updated postcensal population estimates from October 1, 2006 to April 1, 2009 and preliminary postcensal population estimates from July 1, 2009 and adjusted for incompletely enumerated Indian reserves.

Data Source

Table 3.1: Statistics Canada. (2008-12-06). Age and Sex for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Forward Sortation Areas, 2006 Census – 100% Data [Data File].
Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2009). Quarterly Demographic Estimates, April to June 2009. Quarterly Demographic Estimates, 23(2), 1-68.

Post-secondary education (2009)^{Footnote 258}

Persons who have completed a certificate (including a trade certificate), diploma or a minimum of a university bachelor's degree from an educational institution beyond the secondary level. This includes certificates from vocational schools, apprenticeship training, community colleges, Collège d'Enseignement Général et Professionnel (CEGEP), and schools of nursing.

Data Source

Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2010-01-06). CANSIM Table 282- 0004 Labour force survey estimates (LFS), by educational attainment, sex and age group, annual [Custom Data File].

Potential years of life lost^{Footnote 626}

Potential years of life lost is the number of years of life lost when a person dies prematurely from any cause – before age 75. A person dying at age 25, for example, has lost 50 years of life.

Provider of unpaid care (2007)^{Footnote 260}

A person who, during the past 12 months, gave assistance to someone with a long-term health condition or physical limitation. This assistance may be for family, friends, neighbours, co-workers or unpaid help provided on behalf of an organization.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2007). [Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the General Social Survey, 2007, prepared by Statistics Canada].

- R -

Regular family physician (2008, 2009)^{Footnote 175}

Population aged 12 and over who reported that they have a regular medical doctor. In 2003 and 2005, the indicator in French only included "médecin de famille". Starting in 2007, this concept was widened to "médecin régulier", which includes "médecin de famille".

Data Source

Table 3.2: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009). [Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 2009 – Healthy Aging, prepared by Statistics Canada]. Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2009-06-26). CANSIM Table 105-0501 Health indicator profile, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2007 boundaries) and peer groups, occasional [Data File].

Respiratory diseases (2006)^{Footnote 115}

Deaths associated with respiratory diseases (ICD J00-J99) including by not limited to respiratory infections, influenza and pneumonia.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Statistics Canada. (2010-05-03). CANSIM Table 102-0530 Deaths, by cause, Chapter X: Diseases of the respiratory system (J00 to J99), age group and sex, Canada, annual [Data File]; and Public Health Agency of Canada. (2010-05-06).[Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the CANSIM Table 051-0001 Estimates of population, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces and territories, annual (persons unless otherwise noted), prepared by Statistics Canada]. Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2010-05-03). CANSIM Table 102- 0530 Deaths, by cause, Chapter X: Diseases of the respiratory system (J00 to J99), age group and sex, Canada, annual [Data File]; and Public Health Agency of Canada. (2010-05-06).[Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the CANSIM Table 051-0001 Estimates of population, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces and territories, annual (persons unless otherwise noted), prepared by Statistics Canada].

- S -

Satisfied or very satisfied with life (2009)^{Footnote 175}

Population who reported being satisfied or very satisfied with their life in general.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009). [Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 2009 – Healthy Aging, prepared by Statistics Canada].

Schizophrenia (2005)^{Footnote 205Footnote 607}

Respondents aged 12 years and over who reported having been diagnosed with schizophrenia by a health professional. This is believed to underestimate the true prevalence since some people do not report that they have schizophrenia and the survey did not reach individuals who were homeless, in hospital or supervised residential settings.

Data Source

Appendix B: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009). [Analyses were preformed using Health Canada’s DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the Canadian Community Health Survey, 2005: Cycle 3.1, prepared by Statistics Canada].

Some post-secondary education (2009)^{Footnote 258}

Persons who worked toward, but did not complete, a degree, certificate (including a trade certificate) or diploma from an educational institution, including a university, beyond the secondary level. This includes vocational schools, apprenticeship training, community colleges, Collège d'Enseignement Général et Professionnel (CEGEP), and schools of nursing.

Data Source

Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2010-01-06). CANSIM Table 282- 0004 Labour force survey estimates (LFS), by educational attainment, sex and age group, annual [Custom Data File].

- T -

Teen pregnancy rate (2005)^{Footnote 627}

Total number of pregnancies (including live births, induced abortions and fetal loss) for women aged 15 to 19 years.

Data Source

Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2008-10-17). CANSIM Table 106-9002 Pregnancy outcomes, by age group, Canada, provinces and territories, annual [Data File].

- U -

Unemployment rate (2009)^{Footnote 258}

The unemployment rate is the number of unemployed persons expressed as a percentage of the labour force.

Data Source

Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2010-01-06). CANSIM Table 282-0004 Labour force survey estimates (LFS), by educational attainment, sex and age group, annual [Custom Data File].

Urban population (2006)^{Footnote 628}

An urban area has a minimum population concentration of 1,000 persons and a population density of at least 400 persons per square kilometre, based on the current census population count.

Data Source

Table 3.1: Statistics Canada. (2010-04-08). Age groups, Rural/Urban area, Immigrant status and period of immigration, Income characteristics and Sex for Persons 65 years and over in Private Households of Canada, 2006 Census – 20% sample data [Custom Data File].
Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2008-11-05). Population and dwelling counts, for urban areas, 2006 and 2001 censuses – 100% data [Data File].

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Very or somewhat strong sense of community belonging (2008, 2009)^{Footnote 175}

Population who reported their sense of belonging to their local community as being very strong or somewhat strong. Research shows a high correlation of sense of community belonging with physical and mental health.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009). [Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 2009 – Healthy Aging, prepared by Statistics Canada].
Appendix B: Statistics Canada. (2009-06-26). CANSIM Table 105-0501 Health indicator profile, annual estimates, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions (2007 boundaries) and peer groups, occasional [Data File].

Violent crime incidents (2007)^{Footnote 629}

Offences that deal with the application or threat of application, of force to a person including homicide, attempted murder, various forms of sexual and non-sexual assault, robbery and abduction, as well as traffic incidents that result in death or bodily harm.

Data Source

Appendix B: Dauvergne, M. (2008). Crime Statistics in Canada, 2007. Juristat – Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, 28(7), 1-17.

Volunteering (2007)^{Footnote 254}

These are people who volunteered, that is, who performed a service without pay, on behalf of a charitable or other non-profit organization, at least once in the 12-month reference period preceding the survey. This includes any unpaid help provided to schools, religious organizations, sports or community associations.

Data Source

Table 3.2: Public Health Agency of Canada. (2007). [Analyses were performed using Health Canada's DAIS edition of anonymized microdata from the Survey of Giving, Volunteering & Participating, 2007 (MAIN PUB), prepared by Statistics Canada].