ARCHIVED - Canadian Integrated Surveillance Report: Salmonella, Campylobacter, verotoxigenic E. coli and Shigella, from 2000 to 2004

Hospitalizations, Deaths and Unusual Isolation Sites

Hospitalizations and Deaths

Hospitalizations due to Salmonella, Campylobacter, pathogenic E. coli, and Shigella, between 2000 and 2004 are shown in Table 28. Although hospitalization data are recorded in the NDRS,

only one province reported hospitalized cases over this period, thus the data were not included. Salmonella and pathogenic E. coli was associated with the highest hospitalization rates per 1000 cases over all five years.

† Hospitalizations where the diagnostic code indicated that the enteric pathogen was detected. See Appendix A – Section 6 for enteric pathogens included in denominator.
*The four digit code required to specify Campylobacter was not consistently used.

The number of deaths associated with Salmonella, Campylobacter, pathogenic E. coli and Shigella infections are shown in Table 29. Although captured in the NDRS, deaths due to these four enteric diseases were only reported by two provinces, consequently the data are not shown. The number of deaths according to the Vital Statistics database (Statistics Canada) is included for comparison purposes. Salmonella infections resulted in the most deaths in both CIHI and Vital Statistics databases. Salmonella and pathogenic E. coli accounted for the highest death rates per 1000 hospitalized with illness, over the five-year period. One S. Paratyphi case resulting in a death was recorded in 2003 in the Vital Statistics Database, while no deaths were recorded from CIHI data over the five-year time period for S. Typhi or S. Paratyphi.

†Hospitalized with infection that was indicated in the CIHI database as a contributing factor in their death.
*The four digit code required to specify Campylobacter was not consistently used.
** Deaths in the Vital Statistics database include only those for which these organisms were the principle cause of death.
‡ Calculated as the number of deaths in Vital Stats/number of reports in NDRS

Unusual Isolation Sites

The number of isolates collected from unusual sites (i.e. non-faecal specimens) reported to the NESP between 2000 and 2004, is shown in Table 30. Although information regarding unusual isolation sites is collected by the NESP, this data is not consistently reported to provincial or central reference labs. Of the four enteric disease pathogens discussed in this report, Salmonella accounted for the majority of isolations from nonfaecal sources. Over the five-year period, there was an increase in unusual isolation sites from which Salmonella was cultured. The top three Salmonella serovars isolated from blood included, S. Typhi (19% of all S. Typhi; 107/563), S. Paratyphi A (14% of all S. Paratyphi A; 39/270), and S. Heidelberg (7% of S. Heidelberg; 303/4690).