Greenhouse gas offset toolkit

The essentials: carbon markets 101

What are greenhouse gases?

Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are gases which, when released, build up in the atmosphere, absorbing and trapping heat from the sun. This impact has been termed the “greenhouse effect”.  The increase of these gases in the atmosphere causes global temperatures to rise and the global climate to change.

Common GHGs include:

• Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
• Sulphur hexafluoride (SF₆)
• Methane (CH₄)
• Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
• Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
• Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)

Some GHGs have a greater effect on the climate than others. In order to compare them equally, GHGs can be converted into the standard unit of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂e) based on their global warming potential (GWP).  When converted into CO₂e, different GHGs can be added together to give total GHG emissions or emission reductions.

Global Warming Potential (GWP):

Methane has a GWP that is 25 times that of carbon dioxide, which means that 1 tonne of methane has the same effect on the climate as 25 tonnes of carbon dioxide, and 1 tonne of methane can be converted to 25 tonnes CO₂e.

What are GHG emissions, reductions and removals?

GHG emissions occur when GHGs are released into the air through human activities, such as burning fossil fuels like gasoline and diesel, and through biological processes, like the decomposition of organic matter. GHG emissions can be reduced through actions that reduce or eliminate GHG emitting activities or processes. GHGs can be removed from the atmosphere through natural or engineered capture and storage. For example, plants remove CO₂ from the atmosphere as they grow. Technological processes can also capture GHGs and convert them chemically or physically so they can be stored.

What are carbon markets?

A carbon market refers to the buying and selling of credits (also known as tradeable units) that represent GHG emissions, reductions or removals. Organizations or individuals buy tradeable units in a carbon market in order to meet a GHG emissions limit or objective.

There are two types of carbon markets – voluntary and compliance. The type of market depends on whether the tradeable units are used to meet voluntary or regulatory emissions limits.

Individuals or organizations that voluntarily commit to limit the GHG emissions from their activities can use units from the voluntary market to help meet their commitment.  For example, some organizations voluntarily commit to be carbon neutral or “net-zero” by a certain year. This means that they commit to reduce their emissions and compensate for any remaining emissions with equivalent GHG removals. Another example is individuals who wish to limit the emissions from their travel or other activities.

Companies that have a limit on their GHG emissions that is set through government regulations can only use units from a compliance market to meet their limits.  Non-regulated individuals and organizations may also be allowed to purchase and use units from the compliance market to meet their voluntary emissions reductions goals.

What is an offset credit?

A GHG offset credit (also called a carbon credit) is a tradeable unit that represents one tonne of reduced GHG emissions or GHGs removed from the atmosphere. Offset credits are issued to project proponents that voluntarily reduce emissions or remove GHGs from the atmosphere if they meet the requirements of a GHG offset system. These credits can be sold in a carbon market and used by others for regulatory compliance or to meet voluntary emission reduction objectives.

What is a GHG offset system? 

A GHG offset system (also called a GHG offset program) is a set of rules and processes for how offset credits can be generated. In order to generate offset credits, individuals or organizations undertake voluntary projects that meet the offset system rules set by the offset system administrator. In general, these individuals or organizations – referred to as project proponents – must  register their project with the offset system administrator and follow a protocol, approved by the administrator, that provides detailed instructions for projects. The offset system administrator makes sure that the project proponent has met the rules of the system before issuing offset credits.

Offset systems directed towards the voluntary market are usually administered by non-government organizations, which set the rules and issue offset credits to project proponents that meet their rules.

Offset systems geared towards the compliance market are usually established by government administrators, which set the rules for how offset credits are generated and issues credits for eligible reductions or removals.

Offset systems established for the voluntary market may allow a wider range of project types and provide greater flexibility to project proponents, while offset systems directed towards regulatory compliance generally have stricter rules.

What is an offset project?

Offset projects are voluntary activities that generate GHG reductions or removals beyond what would have happened without the project (the baseline). Project proponents must register their projects with an offset system administrator, then implement the project, monitor and record project data, and quantify the reductions or removals as required by the offset system rules. They also must have their reduction or removal claims verified by a qualified, independent third party.

Examples of some offset project types include:

• Better management of forests to keep more carbon in trees / soil
• Avoiding releases of methane gas from landfills
• Taking action to protect forests or grasslands from development (so stored carbon is not released)
• Switching to chemicals in refrigeration systems that cause less global warming
• Composting organic waste instead of sending it to the landfill
• Tree planting
• Capturing methane gas generated from livestock manure
• Increasing the amount of  carbon stored in agricultural soils through adoption of regenerative practices

Who can be a project proponent?

A project proponent (or project developer) implements an offset project in order to generate offset credits. The offset program administrator sets the rules as to who is eligible to generate offset credits within their system.  Some offset systems, for example, have requirements that the project proponent live or have a business in the jurisdiction of the offset system.

What is an offset protocol?

Offset protocols can be thought of as the “recipe” for an offset project.  The protocol specifies eligible project activities and gives detailed instructions for how to calculate the number of offset credits generated by the project. Protocols have clear rules for how to set the project baseline (the emissions levels before the project, also known as the “business-as-usual” scenario). They also set out rules for data collection and monitoring, as well as assessing and managing project risks. Offset protocols are generally designed so that the quantification of reductions and removals achieved by the offset project is conservative and does not lead to over-estimates.

What is an offset credit worth?

The value of an offset credit fluctuates over time and depends on several factors:

Supply and demand

The price of offset credits is primarily influenced by supply and demand. If there are many offset credits available with little demand, prices will be low. If there are few offset credits available and a large demand, prices will be higher.  The supply of GHG offset credits will depend on the number of offset projects that are generating credits, which is affected by the availability of offset protocols, the investment in offset projects, and the expected demand for offset credits in the future. Offset projects can also take time to start generating and supplying offset credits – up to several years depending on the project type. Demand in the compliance market is influenced by many factors including the stringency of emission reduction regulations and the cost of other emission reductions. Demand in the voluntary market depends on the number of individuals and businesses making voluntary commitments to reduce emissions and the level of ambition of voluntary commitments. These factors make it challenging to predict offset supply, demand, and prices.

Compliance vs voluntary market

Offset credits from systems targeted towards the compliance market generally sell at a higher price because they can be used to meet regulations for emissions reductions. Offset credits geared towards the voluntary market generally sell at lower price.

Type of project generating the offset credit

Some offset credit buyers, particularly in the voluntary market, choose to buy credits from projects that provide other benefits (like biodiversity or community development), are located in a certain area, or have other specific characteristics. These buyers may be willing to pay more for offset credits from certain projects.

Perceived quality of offset credits

The value of offset credits in the voluntary market depend on whether there is confidence that the offset system has strong rules to ensure the projects and the credits they generate are of high quality.

Rules to replace invalid credits

Occasionally, an offset credit may be identified as invalid after it is issued. This could happen because the credit was issued based on incorrect information or because the stored carbon was later released. Program administrators generally require that invalid credits be replaced. Offset systems may require the project proponent or whoever owns the invalid credit to replace it. Some offset systems also have a pool of credits that can be used to replace invalid credits in certain circumstances. Offset credits from systems that make the buyer replace invalid credits are usually sold at a lower price because there is more risk for the buyer.

What is a GHG offset registry?

Reputable offset systems make key information about registered offset projects and offset credits available to the public. A GHG offset registry helps to track where projects are located, who has registered a project and been issued offset credits, whether the credits have been sold, whether the credits have been used, and who used the credits.

Having this information publicly available helps ensure that GHG offset systems are transparent, accountable, and credible. Potential offset credit buyers can check the registry to see that the offset credits they are interested in purchasing have been issued to the project, and have not already been sold, or used by another buyer.

Gechi-inendaagwak: Gaa-bagidanaamong Gaa-adaawaadeg 101

Wegonen Gaa-naagwasinong ishpiming Gaa-gizhideg?

Amii ini GHGs gaa-naagwasinog ishpiming gaa-ayaag, ozhi’oomaganoon ishpiming, giizisong onji-ozhi’oomagan gizhidewin. Mii dash iwe gaa-izhinikaadeg “Gaa-naagwasinong Gaa-izhiseg”  Bagidinigaadeg iwe gaa-naagwasinog ji-gizhidemagak ishpiming mii ge-izhi-gizhideg aki miziwe gaye ji-aanjiseg gaa-izhiwebak miziwe.

Mii ono GHGs gaa-wiindegin:

• Bezhig dinookaan Gaa-naagwasinog Gaa-bagidanaamong (CO₂)
• Gaa-naagwasinog ishpiming waasiganing izhi-aabadan
• Anaamakamig gaa-onjiimagak gaa-naagwasinog (CH₄)
• Gaa-naagwasinog dakisijiganing gaa-izhi-aabadak
• Gaa-naagwasinog gaa-aabadak gii-bakodaabideng
• Gaa-naagwasinog gaa-aabadak dakisijiganing

Aanind GHGs nawach da-gizhideshkaagemaganoon apiich godak. Ji-gojichigaadegin ini GHGs daa-dagonigaade iwe gaa-naagwasinog CO₂e aaniin epiichi-gizhideshkaamaganogwen (GWP).  CO₂e gii-aanjiseg iwe, bakaan dino GHGs daa-achigaadewan ji-bagijiseg iwe GHG gaa-naagwasinog gemaa gaawiin.

Gaa-ani-gizhideg miziwe akiing (GWP):

Iwe Anaamakamig gaa-onjiimagak gaa-naagwasinog ayaamagan GWP 25 dasing na-wach daa-gizhideshkaagemagan apiich wiin iwe Gaa-bagidanaamoying, giishpin 1 gichi-dibaabiishkoojigan iwe Anaamakamig gaa-on-jiimagak gaa-naagwasinog nasaab daa-inishkaagemagan daabish-koo iwe gaa-bagidanaamong gaye 1 gichi-dibaabiishkooji-gan izhi-aanjichigaadeg 25 gichi-dibaabiishkoojigan gaa-bagidanaamoying.

Wegonenan GHG gaa-bagijisegin, gaa-ani-agaasiinadak gaye gaa-odaapinigaadeg?

GHG bagijisewan gii-bagidinigaadegin ishpiming GHGs giishpin gii-aabajichigaadeg waasiganibimide gaye diizan waasiganibimide gaye gii-wanaadak gaa-gii-bimaadiziimagak. Nawach bangii GHG daa-bagijise giishpin nawach bangii aabajichigaadegin waasiganibimiden. GHGs daa-onji-odaapinigaadewan ishpiming giishpin eshkwaad igo izhiseg gemaa bemaadizid odaapinang gaye ganawendang. Daabishkoo giishpin gitigaanan odaapinamowaad iwe gaa-bagidanaamoying gii-nitaawigigin. Gaye gaa-nagajitoowaad owe dinookaan o-daa-odaapinaanaawaan GHGs gaye ji-aanjitoowaad gaa-izhiiyaanigin ji-ganawendamowaad.

Wegonen iwe gaa-bagidanaamoying ge-izhi-adaawaadegiban?

Mii iwe gaa-ijigaadeg ji-adaawengiban gaye ji-adaawaadegiban iwe ganedat (gaye ge-adaawaadegiban) ini GHG gaa-bagijisegin, gaa-ani-agaasiinokin gemaa gaa-odaapinigaadegin. Izhichigewinan gemaa awiyag gaa-adaawewaad ganedat ge-adaawaadegi-baniin gii-adaawaadeg gaa-bagidanaamong ji-bagidinang GHG.

Niizhwayag ayaawan ge-izhi-adaawaadegiban gaa-bagidanaamong – wiin igo ji-doodang bizaanigo gemaa ji-inind ji-doodang. Wegonen ge-odaapinigaadeg da-izhise giishpin wiin igo ganedat wii-adaawed gemaa inind ji-adaawed iwe gaa-bagijiseg.

Awiyag gemaa izhichigewinan gaa-inendamowaad bangii eta ji-bagidinamowaad GHG ishpiming o-daa-aabajitoonaawaan ini ge-adaawaagewaapan ji-gashkitoowaad gaa-wii-izhichigewaad.  Daabishkoo, aanind izhichigewinan inendamowaad gaawiin ji-bagi-dinanziwaad gaa-naagwasinog ishpiming bezhigo-biboon izhiseg. Amii ekidowaad gaawiin aapiji o-da-bagidinanziinaawaa iwe gaa-naagwasinog ishpiming meshkwach dash naasaab minik GHG o-da-odaapinaanaawaa. Bezhig miinawaa giishpin awiyag inendamowaad gaawiin ji-bagidinanziwaad gaa-naagwasinog gaawiin babaa-ayaasigwaa ishpiming.

Ini izhichigewinan gaa-ikidowaad bangii eta ji-bagidinamowaad gaa-naagwasinog e-inaakonindwaa ogimaawining onji gaa-onji-bagidinindwaa ji-adaawaagewaad eta da-izhichigewag.  Igi gaa-inaakonindwaa gaawiin memwaach ji-biminizha’amowaad inaakonigewin da-bagidinaawag ji-adaawewaad gaye ji-aabajitoowaad ge-aabajitoowaad ji-bagidinamowaad.

Wegonen iwe gaaban ganedat?

Mii iwe (gaye gaaban ganedat izhinikaade) daa-adaawaade bezhig gichi-dibaabiishkoojigan GHG ji-bagidinigaadegin gemaa GHGs ji-onji-odaapinigaadegin ishpiming. Ini gaaban ganedat ge-adaawaadegiban gaa-bagidinang bangii nawach ji-aabajichigaadeg GHGs miinaawag, giishpin izhichigewaad gaa-inindwaa ji-izhichigewaad. Ono dash gaaban ganedat adaawaadewan gaa-izhi-adaawewaad ini dinookaanan gaye bakaan awiyag ji-aabajitoowaad gaa-bagidinindwaa gemaa bangii eta ji-bagidinamowaad iwe ishpiming.

Wegonen iwe GHG gaaban ganedat izhichigewin? 

Iwe GHG gaaban ganedat bagidiniwewin (gaye GHG gaaban ganedat izhichigewin izhinikaade) ikidom aaniin ge-ayizhiing ji-aabajichigaadegin ini gaaban ganedat. Ji-aabajichigaadegin ini gaaban ganedatan, awiyag gemaa izhichigewinan da-izhichigewag gaa-inindwaa minik ji-bagidinamowaad iwe gaa-dazhinjigaadeg. Ogo awiyag gemaa izhichigewinan – gaa-dazhiikamowaad ono izhi-chigewinan – o-daa-ozhibii’aanaawaan odizhichigewiniwaa e-wii-izhichigewaad, ji-biminizha’amowaad gaa-inindwaa ji-doodamowaad, gaa-izhi-bagidinindwaa, ji-wiindeg aaniing ge-izhichigewaad. Awe gaa-naagajitood owe da-ikido iwe izhichigewining gaa-anokii-waad e-gii-biminizha’amowaad gaa-gii-inindwaa jibwaa-aabajitoowaad ini ganedads.

Gaawiin wiin ogimaawining onjiisiiwag igi gaa-naagajitoowaad ono izhichigewinan aaniish ozhichigaadewan inaakonigewinan ge-bimi-nizha’amowaad igi gaa-dazhiikamowaad ini izhichigewinan.

Ogimaawining dash wiin onjiimaganoon ini gaa-dazhiikamowaad gaa-inindwaa aaniin ge-izhichigewaad, ozhichigaadewan inaakoni-gewinan aaniin ge-izhi-aabajichigaadegin ini ganedads gaye e-ozhichigaadegin ini ganedad ge-aabajichigaadegin.

Ini gaye ozhichigaadewan ji-aabajitoowaad igi gaawiin ge-bagidini-gesigwaa ishpiming niibiwa dinookaanan izhichigewinan gaye aanii-nigo ji-izhichigewaapan aabajitoowaad ini izhichigewinan, nawach niibiwa ji-biminizha’amowaad inaakonigewinan.

Wegonen iwe gegoon gaa-adaawaadegiban izhichigewin?

Ini gaa-dazhinjigaadegin wiinawaa go gaa-dazhiikamowaad ji-bagi-jisegin GHG ishpiming daa-gii-izhise gaawiin memwaach ji-izhiseg iwe izhichigewin. Igi gaa-dazhiikamowaad o-daa-ozhibii’aanaawaan odizhichigewini-waan gaa-naagajitoonid, miinawaa ji-doodamowaad iwe, gaye ji-naagadawaabandamowaad gaye ji-ozhibii’amowaad wayaabandamowaad gaye enendamowaad, gaa-inindwaa ji-doodamowaad. Gaye daa-ozhibii’igaadeniwan gaa-ikidowaad bangii eta e-gii-agidinamowaad imaa ishpiming, awiyan gaa-inwaazonid ji-ozhibii’ang.

Daabishkoo ono dinookaanan gaa-ijigaadegin:

• Nawach babenak ji-naagajichigaadegin mitigwakiin ji-ayaamagak iwe gaa-bagidanaamoying mitigong / azhashkiing.
• Ji-manaa-bagijiseg iwe anaamakamig gaa-onjiimagak gaa-naagwasinog imaa gaa-izhi-ningwa’igaadeg azhashki akiing.
• Ji-naadamawindwaa mitigoog gaye mashkosi ji-aabajitoosigwaa igi gaa-waakaa’igewaad (ji-bagijisesinog gaa-naagwasinog)
• Ji-aabajichigaadeg bakaan gegoon imaa dakisijiganing gaawiin dash ji-onji-gizhidesinog aki miziwe.
• Ji-izhichigeng ji-wanaadak webinigan apiichwiin webiniganikaang ji-izhi-webinigaadeg
• Ji-nitaawigi’indwaa mitigoog
• Ji-odaapinigaadeg gaa-naagwasinog bizhikiwi-moowing gaa-ayaag.
• Nawach niibiwa ji-ayaamagak gaa-naagwasiog gaa-bagidanaamoying imaa gitige-azhashkiing.

Awenen ge-izhichigepan ono dinookaan izhichigewin?

Awe ge-izhichigepan owe (gaa-dazhiikang izhichigewin) omaajitoon owe dinookaan ji-bagidinind ji-bagidiniged ishpiming bizaanigo. Awe gaa-naagajitood dash ikido ge-inaakonigeng awenen ge-gash-kitoopan ji-aabajitood iwee izhichigewin.  Aanind izhichigewinan inaawag ji-izhidaad imaa awe gaa-anokiitang izhichigewining gemaa ji-dananokiid besho imaa gaa-dazhiikang odizhichigewin.

Wegonenan ini izhichigewin inaakonigewinan?

Izhichigewinan inaakonigewininan ikidoomaganoon aaniin ge-izhichiged awe gaa-anokiitang iwe.  Wiindamaagem awenenag ge-daziikamowaad iwe gaye aan mayaa ge-izhichigeng ji-debinigaadeg aan minik ge-adaawaadegibaniin apii dazhiikigaadeg iwe izhichigewin. D-wiindamaagem gaye aaniin ge-ayizhiing (aaniin minik ge-bagidinigaadeg gaa-naagwasinog ishpiming, daabishkoo sa go gaa-izhichigeng bizhishig). Da-wiindamaagewag gaye aaniin minik gikendaasowin ge-maawa-jichigaadeg ge-naagajichigaadeg, gaye naagadawaabanjigaadeg iwe izhichigewin aaniin ge-izhi-maanzhichigemagakiban. Ono gaa-dazhinjigaadegin izhichigaadeg ji-gikenjigaadeg bangii eta gemaa gii-odaapinigaadeg bagijisewin imaa izhichigewining deminik gaawiin gaye ozaam niibiwa ji-inenjigaadeg ji-ayaamagak.

Aan epiitendaagwak iwe gaaban ganedat?

Bakaan da-apiitendaagwan iwe izhichigewin ani-akiiwang ono dash ge-onji-izhiseg:

Eyaamagak gaye endawenjigaadeg

Minik eyaamagak gaye minik endawenjigaadegin ini gaa-dazhinji-gaadegin da-apiitagindewan. Giishpin niibiwa ayaamagakin ini gaaban ganedat gaawiin dash aapiji andawendaagwakin, da-niisagindewan. Giishpin dash bangii eta gaaban ganedat ayaagin, niibiwa dash awiyag andawendamowaad, da-ishpagindewan.  Minik eyaamagakin ganedat izhichigewinan gaa-izhi-ozhi’oomagakin ganedat da-onji-ayaawan ini GHG gaaban ganedat gaye minik eyaamagakin gaaban ganedat inaakonigewin, zhooniyaa ge-asind imaa gaaban ganedat, gaye aan minik ge-andawenjigadegin gaaban ganedat ani-akiiwang. Maagizhaa gaye ganedat izhichigewinan ginwesh da-izhisewan ji-maajii-ozhi-oomagak gaaban ganedatan – niibiwa daso-gikinoonowin. Niibiwa gegoon gaa-izhiseg da-onji-andawenjigaade iwe ikidong ji-adaawaadeg daabishkoo bangii eta bagijiseg gaa-naagwasinog ishp-ming gaye gaa-inagindegin godak gaa-bagijisegin. Aaniin minik igi gaa-ikidowaad bangii eta ji-bagidinamowaad iwe gaa-naagwasinog ishpiming gaye minik enendamowaad da-ikidoomagan aaniin minik ge-anawenjigaadeg iwe bizaanigo ji-adaawaageng gaa-ijigaadeg. Mii wenji-zanagak ji-ikidong aaniin minik ge-andawenjigaadeg iwe gaaban ganedat ayaamagak, gaye endawendaagwak gaye ge-inagindeg.

Inaakonigeng gemaa bizaanigo ji-adaawaageng

Ge-aabadakin ini gaaban ganedat imaa gaa-izhi-inaakonigeng adaawewining nawach niibiwa inagindewan aaniish daa-aabajichigaadewan gii-inaakonigeng bangii ji-bagijiseg ishpiming gaa-naagwasinog. Ini gaaban ganedat ge-aabadakin bizaanigo ji-adaawaadeg nawach niisagindewan.

Dinookaan izhichigewin ge-onji-ozhi’oomagak gaaban ganedat

Aanind gaa-adaawewad gaaban ganedatan, daabishkoo bizaanigo ji-adaawewaad, izhichigewinan onji-adaawewag ge-onji-minosewaad (daabishkoo biodiversity gemaa ji-minochigaadeg dazhiikewin) ngoji gaye izhi-ayaamagan gemaa godak gegoon. Ogo nawach niibiwa da-wii-diba’igewag ini gaaban ganedatan aaninda izhichigewining.

Enenjigaadegin epiitendaagwakin gaaban ganedatan

Epiitendaagwakin gaaban ganedatan imaa bizaanigo gaa-izhi-adaawaa-degin minik epiichi-inenjigaadeg ji-mino-inaakonigeng imaa offset system da-onji-inenjigaade ini izhichigewinan gaye ganedat ge-onji-ozhi’oomagakin e-onizhishingin.

Ge-inaakonigeng ji-odaapinigaadegin gaa-onizhishinzinogin gaaban ganedat

Ningoding gaawiin onizhishinzinoon gaaban ganedat inenjigaade gii-ishkwaa-ozhichigaadeg. Giishpin gaawiin gwayak gaa-inaajimosing gemaa giishpin nawach wiikaa gaa-bagidinigaadeg ngwana iwe gaa-ganawenjigaadeg gaa-naagwasinog ishpiming, daa-izhise iwe. Gaa-naagajichigewaad ikidowag ji-naabishkigaadegin ini credits gaa-onizhishinzinogin. Mii ge-ikidowaad gaaban ganedatan gaa-ayaawaad awe izhichigewin gaa-ayaad ji-naabishkang iwe gaa-onizhishinzinog. Aanind gaaban ganedat izhichigewin odayaanaawaan ganedat ge-aabajichigaade-gibaniin ji-naabishkaagemagakin naaningoding. Gaaban ganedatan gaa-onjiimagakin gaa-izhi-inind gaa-gii-adaawed ji-naabishkang ini ganedatan gaa-onizhishinzinogin nawach ji-dabasi-adaawaadang ozaam gaa-adaawed ji-wanichiged.

Wegonen iwe GHG gaaban ganedat biindigebii’odizowin?

Gaa-onizhishingin ini gaaban ganedat daa-wiindamaagemaganoon aan ezhisegin gaaban ganedat gaa-biindigebii’odizong izhichigewinan gaye godak. Iwe GHG gaaban ganedat biindigebii’igan daa-wiiji’iwemagan ji-gikenjigaadeg aandi eyaagin izhichigewinan, awenen gaa-biindigebii’ang izhichige-win gaye gaa-gii-miinind gaaban ganedat gemaa giishpin gaa-adaa-waagaadegin ini ganedat gemaa gaa-aabajichigaadegin gaye awenen gaa-aabajitood ini ganedat.

Gakina awiya gikendang owe da-izhisemagan GHG gaaban ganedat ji-gikenjigaadegin aan ezhisegin gaye giispin ji-debwemagakin. Gaaban ganedatan gaa-wii-adaawewaad odaa-waabandaanaawaa iwe biindigebii’igan ji-waabandamowaad giishpin ini offset credits gaa-wii-adaawed gaa-izhi-miinind odizhichigewining gaye gaamashi gaa-adaawaadesinogin gemaa bakaan awiya ji-aabajitood.

Ta’n nuta’q : carbon market 101

Koqowey greenhouse gases?

Greenhouse gases (GHGs) na gases ta’n kisi, tewa’tasik, l’tasin wjit atmosphere, wesuwa’toq aqq kelnik eptek wejiaq na’ku’setiktuk. Ula tela’sik na kisi wisukowk “greenhouse effect”. Ta’n wenaqa’toq ula gases ta’n atmosphere kisa’toq global telike’k wjit wenaqa’sik aqq global climate wjit piluwa’sin.

Ta’n kutey teltek GHG wiaqtek:

• Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
• Sulphur hexafluoride (SF₆)
• Methane (CH₄)
• Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
• Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
• Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)

Etkl GHG wesko’tk ajelk ta’n tela’sik climate aqq piluwey. Wjit ankaptmin menaqaj newte’ tlten, GHGs kisi kuwaska’tasitew wjit ta’n teltek wjit carbon dioxide teltek staqa (CO₂e) kutey wejiaq global warming potential (GWP) Ta’n tujiw kuwaska’tasik (CO₂e), pilu’tek GHGs kisi ika’tasitew kitk wjit iknmatn GHG emission kisna emission ejikla’sik.

Global Warming Potential (GWP):

Methane wekunk GWP ta’n 25 te’sik ula carbon dioxide, ta’n teluwek ta’n 1 tonne wjit methane newte’ ala’toq 25 tonnes wjit carbon dioxide, aqq 1 tonne wjit methane kisi kuwaska’tasitew wjit 25 tonnes CO₂e.

Koqowey net GHG emission, ejikla’toq aqq mena’toq?

GHG emission ika’q ta’n tujiw GHG tewa’toq ta’n wetlamimk mimajuinu telukwet, kutey nu’kwa’toq fossil fuels kutey gasoline aqq disel, aqq ta’n biological wejiaq, kutey ta’n sa’qawey koqowey nukwiaq. GHG emissions kisi jikla’tasitew pemiaq ta’n kisia’toq ejikla’sik GHG mu asite’tmuk koqowey tla’sin kisna sapa’sin. GHGs na kisi jkla’tasitew wejiaq atmosphere pemiaq ta’n ki’s eteklip kisna kisitasik mesinmi’tij aqq kelo’tasik. Kutey, wasuwekl ejikla’sik CO₂ wejiaq atmosphere ta’n tujiw nikwek. Technological teli pijiaq elt mesnmi’tij GHGs aqq kuwaska’tu’tij chemically kisna ta’n nemitasik kwulaman kisi klo’tasitew.

Koqowey net carbon markets?

Na carbon market teltek wjit poqatelmin aqq metuwi’sketu’n credits ( elt teli jijitasik kisi suwa’tu’un wjit wen koqowey weskunk) ta’n teluwisik GHG emissions, ejikla’toq kisna ejikla’toq. Maliaptmi’tij kisna ta’n majuinu’k poqatelmi’tij units wjit carbon market wjit kulutmi’tij welteskatultinew GHG emission pasik tepesk kisna wjit pikuwey.

Etekl tapu’kl teltekl carbon market-Ta’n ketu’tsuwa’toq aqq compliance. Ula na teltek kutey ta’n tujiw kisi kuwaska’tu’n unit e’wasik wjit weltekmin ketu’ tla’tu’n kisna regulatory emission te’sik.

Majuinu’k kisna ikana’tu’tij ta’n tuju menuweke’tij GHG emission wejiaq ta’n koqowey elukwatu’tij wejiaq apoqnmuwet ta’n tujiw kisita’sij. Kutey, etek ta’n maliaptasik skimtuk carbon tewiaq kisna “net-zero” wejiaq keknuwe’k newtipunkek. Ula na teluek ta’n ika’lsit wjit nisa’toq emission aqq apankitunew wjit ta’n pasik koqowey me’ etek emission wjit kutey GHG ejikla’sik. Piluwey kutey ta’n wen newte’ ta’n menuweket emission wejiaq ta’n wejiet kisna piluwey koqowey telukutijik.

Ta’n elukutijik weskunmi’tij te’sik ta’n GHG emission ta’n kaplno’lowey tela’sik kisi e’wtew wejiaq compliance market wjit wulteskmin te’sik. Mu-eymu’tikik majuinu’k aqq lukwaqn jiptuk kisi asite’tew poqatelmin aqq e’wmin wejiaq compliance market wjit wulteskuwan emissions ejikla’toq ta’n menuweken.

Koqowey net offset credit?

Na GHG offset credit (elt teluwisik carbon credit) na kisi suwa’tu’n tujiw iknmat ta’n ikana’toq newte’ tonne wjit ejikla’toq GHG emission kisna GHG mena’toq GHG offset system. Offset credits na ika’tasik wjit apoqnmin ta’n ketu’ lukwasik kisa’toq nisa’sik emissions kisna ejikla’toq GHG wejiaq ta’n tett welteskatikl nuta’q wjit GHG offset system. Ula credit elt kisi tuwi’sketasitew carbon market aqq e’wasin wejiaq piluwey wjit regulatory compliance kisna wjit wulteskuwan emission ejikla’tasik koqowey piluwey.

Koqowey net GHG offset system? 

Na GHG offset system (elt teluwisik GHG offset program) na tplutaqn aqq tela’sik ta’n talkis offset credit kisi ankuwa’tasitew. Wjit tela’sik wjit kisa’toq ankuwa’sik offset credits, majuinu’k kisna ta’n maliaptasik wejiaq ta’n koqowey welteskasik offset system tplutaqn ika’tasik wejiaq ta’n ikana’toq offset system. Katu pasik ika’tasik, ula majuinu’k kisna ta’n maliaptasik-ankaptasik wjit elukwasik proponants- musta’q nasiwi’kusin wjit offset system ikana’toq aqq majukwatmin tela’sik, asite’tasik wejiaq ikana’toq ewikasik menaqaj wjit elukwasik. Na oddest system ikana’toq ajite’k elukwasik proponent welteskik tplutaqn system tmk ika’toq offset system.

Offset system eliaq ta’n aslumsit wen market na te’s iknana’toq wejiaq mu-kaplno’l ikana’toq, ta’n tala’toq offset credit wjit elukwasik ta’n weltekikl tplutaqn.

Offsets system ika’toq liaqn wjit compliance market ta’n te’s ika’tasik wejiaq kaplno’l ikana’tu’tij, ta’n ika’toq tplutaqn ta’n offset credits na ika’toq credits wjit asite’tasik ejikla’sik kisna mena’toq.

Offset system ika’tasik wjit wen elukwatk market wjit asite’tk ajki’k elukwasik aqq ika’toq ajiki’k elukwasik proponants, ta’n tujiw piluwey offset system eliaq regulatory compliance weskunk ta’n naji jiksitasikl tplutaqn.

Koqowey net offset elukwasik?

Offset elukwasik na nutukwi lukwasik koqowey ta’n kisa’toq GHG ejikla’toq kisna mena’qtoq ta’n tujiw tla’sik wjit mu elukwasinuk (baseline). Elukwasik proponants nuta’q nasiwi’kusin ta’n elukwasik wjit offset system ikana’toq, tujiw wiaqa’toq elukwasik, ankaptik aqq menwi’kik koqowey elukwasik te’sik, aqq ta’n ejikla’sik kisna mena’tasik nuta’q wejiaq offset system tplutaqn. Nekmuk elt nuta’q jikla’tnew kisna mna’tnew claim nemitasik wejiaq ta’n weskunk koqowey, newtukwilukwet.

Koqowey kutey etek offset eltasik kutey ula wiaqtek:

• Naji klu’kn ikana’tasik wjit nipukt wjit siawisunmin me’ carbon staoqniktuk/ tupkwan
• Ejikla’sin tewa’tasik ula methane gas wejiaq landfills
• wesuwa’toq action wjitikatk nipukt kisna sikuwe’kati wejiaq kisitasik (kulaman kelo’tasik carbon ,u tewa’tasinuk)
• Ewaqa ew’min chemicals ta’n refridgeration system ta’n kisa’toq naji tekla’j global warming
• Composting organic ejiklekemk ewnaqa wjit elkitasik maqamikow wejuwa’tasik.
• Stoqn nikwenujik
• Mesnmin methane gas wejiaq ta’n mimjik manure
• Wenaqa’tasik te’sik carbon kelnmi’tij nekwenasik tupkwan pemiaq ta’n amko’tasik wjit te’s tela’taqatijik.

Wen kisi lukwatew elukwasik proponent?

Na elukwasik proponent (kisna elukwasik kisitoq) wiaqa’toq offset elukwasik wjit kisa’toq offset credits. Na offset program ikana’tasik ika’toq tplutaqn ta’n asite’tasit wjit ika’tn offset credits wjit ula system. Eykl offset system, kutey, ala’tn ta’n nuta’q ta’n kisitasik proponants mimajik kisna weskunimin business wjit ta’n tett asite’tasik offset system. 

Koqowey net offset asite’tasik?

Offset na asite’tasik telte’tasik wjit “wejitasik” wjit offset eltasik. Ta’n tela’sik kisi suwa’tasik eltasik wjit koqowey aqq iknmasik teluwek tla’tiken wjit ta’n tela’tmk te’sik offset credits wejiaq ta’n kisitasik. Ta’n asite’tasik tplutaqn ta’n teli ika’tmk eltasik bseline (emission tmk ika’tasik poqjitasik, elt teli jijitasik “business-ta’n ki’s telinenasik” teliankite’tmi’tij). Ula na ika’toql tplutaqn mawte’mi’tij aqq ankaptasik, aqq elt ankaptasik aqq ikana’toq eltasik kisi tla’sitew. Offset ta’n tela’sik eltu’tij ta’n te’sik ejikla’tasik aqq mena’tasik wjit offset eltasik conservation aqq mu ansami kitmi’tij ta’n tes’k.

Koqowey net offset credit tel-tepowtik?

Ta’n te’sik offset credit piluwa’sik te’s teli pije’k aqq ta’n ke’s te’sk koqowey piluwa’toq:

Pekisitoq koqowey nuta’q aqq Amkmayu menuweket

Ta’n telawtik offset credits wejiaq ta’n nuta’q aqq menuwaqtasik. Ta’n tujiw pukwelkl offset etek wjit amkmayu tla’sin. Ta’n telawtik nisa’sitew. Ta’n tujiw tek tele’jkl offset credits aqq pukwelk menuwaqtasik, na telawtik wenaqa’sik. Ta’n tujiw ika’tasik GHG offset credits na ankaptasitew te’sik offset eltasik ika’tasitew credits, ta’n kisa’tew tekn offset ta’n tla’sitew teli nuta’q, ta’n te’sik ika’tasik offset, aqq ta’n menuweke’tij te’sik ika’tasin me’ na’qek. Offset koqowey kisa’tasik elt poqjiaq ta’n teli ika’tasik aqq pekisitoq koqowey offset credits- misoqo pukwelkl newtipunkekl wjit kisa’tasin ula eltasik tlikn. Menuwekejik ula compliance tla’sin wejiaq ta’n koqowey elt ma’wt stringency kisa’toq siawitla’sin aqq telowtik piluwey emission ejikla’sik. Ta’n teluwet tla’tiken market wjit ta’n te’sik majuinu’k aqq business eltoq teluwek wjit kisa’toq emission aqq ta’n te’sik kejitasik ketu’ tla’tiken teli wiaqa’lsin. Ula ta’n kisa’toq metuwe’k wjit ankaptasik tela’asik wjit koqowey nuta’q, amkayu teliaq, aqq telaowtik.

Complience vs ta’n tujiw ki’l ketu’ apoqnmin market

Offset credit wejiaq system eliaq ta’n compliance market ta’n metui’sketoq najawtik mita kisi e’wasitew wjit wulteskmin regulations wjit emission ejikla’tasik. Offset eliaq ta’n wesuwa’tasik tuki’sketasin wjit naji wulawtukwen.

Ta’n teltek ika’tasik offset credit

Eykl offset credit poqatelmi’tij, kutey ta’n te’sik ketu’lukwatu’tij, mekenmi’tij poqatelk wejiaq eltasik ika’toq ta’n wejapesit (kutey biodiversity kisna wutan eltasik), na etek ta’n tett, kisna weskunmin piluwey koqowey kutey teltek. Ula poqatelasik na kisi apankitew wjit offset credits wejiaq elukwasik.

Ta’n te’sik ula offset credits

Ta’n te’sik wjit offset credit wjit ta’n wen eyk market ta’n tujiw kutukawyu tela’sik ta’n offset system melkiknaq tplutaqn wjit asite’tmin koqowey ankuwas’in ajelkin tela’sik.

Tplutaqn piluwey suwa’tsik ta’n mu kelu’knuk credits

Jijuwaqa, na offset credit nmitasitew ta’n mu kelu’knuk ta’n tujiw kisi e’wasik. Ula na kisitla’sitew wjit credit ika’tasik ta’n mu tepqatenuk koqowey kisna mita kelnasik carbon kne’k tewa’tasik. Program ikana’toq ta’n nuta’q ta’n mu kelu’knuk piluwey ika’tasik. Offset system nut’aq ta’n elukwasik proponent kisna wen alsutk mu elukwenuk credit wjit piluwey ika’tasik. Etekl offset system elt pukwelk weskunk ta’n kisi ika’tasik piluwey mu elukwenuk credits ta’n tujiw koqowey tela’sik. Offset credits wejiaq system ta’n poqitelk mu tepqatenuk ta’n mestuwi’sketasik naji wulawtik mita me’ atelk wjit wen poqatelk.

Koqowey ney GHG offset registry?

Reputable offset system ketoq panta’sik koqowey wjit nasiwi’kusit offset elukwasik aqq offset credits etek wjit msit wen. Na GHG offset registry apoqnmuwatl ta’n koqowey etek, ta’n kisis naiwi’kusit wjit elukwasik ika’tasik offset system, ta’n tujiw credit kisi tuwi’skasik, tlai credit kisi ika’tasik, aqq wen kisi e’wk credit.

Weskunimn koqowey ula teluwek ta’n msit wen kisi apoqnmtew wjit GHG offset system na trasparentowik, ketlamsitasik aqq kisi apaja’tmk credit. Ta’n kisi liaq credit ta’n poqatelk na kisi nasiwi’kusitew ta’n wen nemitoq poqatelk ula tela’sik metuwi’skasik, kisna wejiaq piluwey kisi poqatelk.

pikocitaw kîkwâya ta-âpatâkwâw: namôtha pîwâpiski-asiniy

kîkwây ôhi pîcipiwin-ithîwîna?

pîcipiwin-ithîwîna (GHGs) anihi ithîwîna, ka-pakitinikâtîki, ka-mâmawipathiki kîsikohk, i-ati-mâmawinâk kisitiwin pîsimihk ohci. ikwa ôma ka-isithihkâtîk “pîcipiwin-ithîwîni-ispathiwin”. kîspin ôhi pîcipiwin-ithîwîna ati-osâmi-kisitîkwâwi ôta kakî-mîskocipathina kahkithaw kîkwaya misiwî ôta askîhk.

ikoni ôhi tâpitaw GHG ka-âstîki ôta:

• pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin
• namôtha isinâpâsktîw mîna isimâhkwan nânitaw isi ikwa mîna namôtha pîcipiwini-pimiy
• namôtha isinâpâsktîw mîna isimâhkwan nânitaw isi ikwa mîna namôtha pîcipiwini-pimiy ka-âpatâhk wâsaskotînikîwinihk ikwa ta-kisisikâniwik
• atoskîwi-âpacihcikîwina ka-âpatahki kici ta-tahkastâyin kîkwâya
• pâhpiwi-pimiy
• pîcipiwin-ithîwîna athisitiniwak kakî-osihtâcik

âtiht ôhi GHGs kwayask pakamiskamok ka-isi-wîpâhk ôta askîhk mina kotaka. kîspin ta-wathâpâtaman ôhi GHGs mîskocipathina isi pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin piyakwanohk mâka piko ta-isi-mîskoci-pitâkwâw ôma ka-isi-kisitîwi-wîpâhk (GWP). kîspin ta-mîskosipathik isi CO₂e, pîtos GHGs ta-mâmawipathina ôhi pîcipiwi-wathawiyâpâtiwi-pimiya ikwâcî anihi ka-iskopathiki.

ka-isi-kisitîwi-wîpâhk (GWP):

namôtha isinâpâsktîw mîna isimâhkwan nânitaw isi ikwa mîna namôtha pîcipiwini-pimiy ka-âpatâhk wâsaskotînikîwinihk ikwa ta-kisisikâniwik ayâw GWP nânitaw nîstanaw-niyânanosâp ôma pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin, ikwa ôma tâpiskohc piyak kihci-mitahtomitanaw ka-ispitinakwatihk ôma namôtha isinâpâsktîw mîna isimâhkwan nânitaw isi ikwa mîna namôtha pîcipiwini-pimiy ka-âpatâhk wâsaskotînikîwinihk ikwa ta-kisisikâniwik piyakwan tâpiskohc nîstanaw-niyânanosâp ôma pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin, ikwa namôtha isinâpâsktîw mîna isimâhkwan nânitaw isi ikwa mîna namôtha pîcipiwini-pimiy ka-âpatâhk wâsaskotînikîwinihk ikwa ta-kisisikâniwik kakî-mîskostastân isi nîstanaw-niyânosâp CO₂e.

kîkwayâ ôhi GHGs pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin?

GHG pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin pakitinikâtîwa ithîwîwinihk osâm athisitiniwak wîthawâw ka-itohtâkwâw tâpiskohc, ka-pônâkwâw pimiy tâpiskohc otâpânâskwa ka-pimipathiyâcik ikwa asici mâna ka-wathawîstamâsocik, tâpiskohc mâna kîkwâya kotaka ka-ati-siwânâcikîmakâkwâw ôta askîhk. kiyâpic ôma takî-mîskotinikâtîwa âhpô takî-wîkatînikâtîwa mâmaw ôhi GHGs pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin. tâpiskohc, kistikâna ka-mîkwâ-opikîki takî-wîkatînamok pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin ithîwîwinihk. mamâwi-âpacihcikan mîna kakî-wîcihtâmakana ta-kâcitinamok  ôma pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin ikwa mîskocipathîtâwak ôhi kîkwâya ikwa asici kakî-iskonikâtîwa.

kîkwâya ôhi pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin-âsiwi-atâwîwina?

ikoni ôhi pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin-âsiwi-atâwîwina (ikwa asici isithihkâtîwa mîna âsiwi-atâwîwina) GHGs pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin, iskôpathikîwina ikwa wîkatînikwîwina. Ikoni ôhi piko âwînikak takî-âsiwi-atâwîwak ôki athisitiniwak âhpô otatoskîwîkamikwa ta-kakwî-nakiskâkwâw ôhi GHG pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin.

nîso ôhi pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin-âsiwi-atâwîwina itakwana – ka-mostatoskîyan ikwa pikocitaw. itwîkân ôhi âsiwi-atâwîwina ta-misiwîtohtamok.

athisitiniwak âhpô otatoskîwîkamikwa ka-mostatoskâtâkwâw ôhi GHGs pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin ikosi ka-itohtâkwâw ta-isi-nakiskâwâw ôma ka- misiwîtohtâcik. tâpiskohc, âtiht ôhi otatoskîwîkamikwa nâkiskamok ôhi net-zero tâhto-askîy. ikwa ômîtho ka-itohtâkwâw nîtininakok ôhi pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowina ikwa tipahâmok anihi ka-iskwastîki isi GHG wîkatînikwîwina.

kihci-okimânâhk itasiwâtikawiwak kahkithaw otatoskîwîkamikwa piko îkâ ikwathikôk ta-pakitinâkwâw GHG pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowina. ikoni mîna athisitiniwak ikwa kotaka otatoskîwîkamikwa takî-atâwîwak ikwa takî-apacihtâwak ôhi âsiwi-atâwîwina ka-iskonikâtîki ta-kakwî-naiskâkwâw ôma ka-isi-pakitinîcik.

kîkwây anima ka-iskonikâtîk masinahikîwin?

ôma GHG iskonikâtî-masinahikîwin (asici isithihkâtîw pîcipiwi-ithîwîn-masinahikîwin) ôma kakî-âsiwi-atâwâkân piyakwan piyak kihci-mitahtomitanaw ka-ispitinakwâk isko ôhi GHG pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowina âhpô GHG ka-wîkatinikâtîk kîsikohk ohci. ka-iskonikâtîk masinahikîwin mîthikânîwina misiwî anihi ka-nawasiwâtâkwâw ôhi otatoskîwak ikwa otatoskîwikamikwa ka-nakiskâkwâw ôhi GHG ka-iskonikâtîk ispathiwin. kakî-atawâkîwak ispihk ôhi ôta pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin-âsiwi-atâwîwina.

kîkwây ôma GHG iskonikâtîk ispathiwin?

GHG iskonikâtîk ispathiwin ôma (asici ka-isithhkâtîk GHG GHG iskonikâtîk isîpinikîwin) wathasiwîwinisa astîwa ôta ikwa asici ta-isi-osihtât âwinak ka-iskonikâtîk masinahikîwina. ta-kakwî-osihcikâtîki iskonikâtîk ispathiwina, ahtisitiniwak ikwa otatoskîwikamikwa  mostatoskâtamok ta-nakiskâcikâtîki iskonikâtîk ispathiwina wathasiwîwina kakî-astât ana okimâwi-pimipathîcikîw. ikoni ôhi ahtisitiniwak ikwa otatoskîwikamikwa  - pikocitaw ôki ta-masinahâkwâw kîkwây anima ka-atoskâtâwâw ikwa asici mîna piko ta-nawasiwâtâkwâw anihi wathasiwîwina kakî-astât ana otatoskîwikamikwa ikoni ôhi piko ta-nawasowâcikâtîki. piko awa otatoskîwikamikwa ta-kîcinâhot ôhi i-nawasowâcikâtîki wathasiwîwina i-mwayi-mîkit iskonikâtîk ispathiwina.

ka-iskonikâtîki ispathiwina ka-itawâkâtîki isi anihi ka-mostatoskîwi-atâwîwina mâna ka-nîkâniskâcikâtîki namôtha wîthawâw kihci-okimânâhk ôhi mâka kotakak aniki otatoskîwikamikwa, ikoni ka-wathasiwâtâkwâw ôhi ikwa piko ta-nawasiwâcikâtîki.

ka-iskonikâtîki ispathiwina anihi pikocitaw asiwi-atâwîwin ka-pimipathîtâcik kihci-okimânâhk ohci, ikoni ôhi wîthawâw wathasiwîwina ka-astâcik ôma îsi iskonikâtîki ispathiwina ka-isi-ispathikwâw ikwa mîkinâniwin anihi iskôpathikîwina ikwa wîkatînikwîwina.

ka-iskonikâtîki ispathiwina kakî-mâcîpahikâtîki kici mostatoskîwin-atâwâkîwina takî-pakitinikâtîwa mistahi nawaci ispathîwina ikwa i-kihci-âpatâki ispathîwina, ka-mîkwâ-iskonikâtîki ispathiwina ka-itwâmâkâtîkwâw pikocitaw ikwa mîna nawaci sohkwana wathasiwîwina.

kîkwây anima ka-iskonikâtîki ispathiwinis?

ka-iskonikâtîki ispathiwinisa ôhi mosci-itohtamowina ka-wîkatînâkwâw GHG iskôpathikîwina âhpô wîkatînikwîwina mîna kîspin îkâ kakî-atoskâcikâtîki. Ikoni ôhi ispathiwinisa piko ta-masinahikâtîki ikwa asici ta-kiskîthîtâk awa ka-iskonikâtîki ispathiwin okimâw, ikwa takî-atoskâcikâtîw, takî-kitâpâcikâtîw ikwa ta-masinahikâtîk asici îsi ka-ispathik, ikwa  ta-tipahikâtîki ôhi iskôpathikîwina âhpô wîkatînikwîwina kakî-itasiwâtîki. ikwa mîna pikocitaw ôhi iskôpathikîwina âhpô wîkatînikwîwina ta-sâpôtî-wâpâcikâtîki kotak ohci awînak piskîc i-kaskîtât ikwa mîna asici ka-ayât kiskinwahamâtowasinahikan.

ikwa îtwîkân ôhi ka-iskonikâtîki ispathiwinisa tâpiskohc:

• nawaci kitîthîcikîwin nohcimihk ta-kitîthîcikâtîki  pakitatâmowin mistikohk ikwa askîhk ohci
• îkâ ta-pakitinikâtîk ôma namôtha isinâpâsktîw mîna isimâhkwan nânitaw isi ikwa mîna namôtha pîcipiwini-pimiy ka-âpatâhk wâsaskotînikîwinihk ikwa ta-kisisikâniwik wîpinikanihk
• ta-kitâpâcikâtîki ôhi nochimihkamikwa âhpô maskosîskamikwa (ikwa pakitatâmowin mwâc âpatan)
• ta-âtascikâtîki ôhi pimiya miciwini-tahkascikîwikamikwa îkâ osâm mistahi ta-wathawîpathikwâw pîcipiwîni-pakitatâmôwina
• ta-kakwî-mosci-sawânâtâkwâw îkâ katâc wîpinikanihk ta-itisahikâtîki
• ta-kitistikîcik mistikwa
• ta-kakwî-kâcitinâkwâw mostosi-mîyi
• mistahi nawaci ta-ascikâtîk wathawî-pakitatâmôwina kitistikânihk âyik ohci kihtwâmi-âpacihcikîwinihk

awîna awa isîcikîwinisi-otatoskîw?

isihcikîwinisi-owathawsiwîw (owathawsiwîw-osihcikîw) atoskâtam ôhi ka-iskonikâtîki ispathiwinis mîskoc ta-osihcikâtîki iskonikâtîki-masinahikîwina. isihcikîwinisi-okimâw astâw wathasiwîwina ikwa takî-osihtâw asici iskonikâtîki-masinahikîwina îta ka-atoskît. âtiht ôhi piyakwan pikocitaw ta-ayâwât aniki isihcikîwinisi-owathawsiwîw âhpô ikota ta-wîkit âhpô ta-atoskît ikota ka-âkihtîk iskonikâtîki-ispathîwina.

kîkwây ôma iskonikâtîki-pikocitaw-itohtamowina?

iskonikâtîki-pikocitaw-itohtamowina kakî-itihthîcikâtîwa piyakwan ikosi piminawâsîcikîwina ka-isi-nawasawâcikâtîk.  pikocitaw-itohtamowin itastîw tânisi ta-isi-nawasiwâcikâtîk ikwa ta-isi-tipahikâtîk ôhi ka-iskopathiki-masinahikîwinisa. pikocitaw-itohtamowina ôhi kwayask nawasawâcikâtîw ta-kitihthîcikâtîk ikwa mîna ta-kanwâpachikâtîk isi takî-isi-mâthipathikwa kîkwâya ikospihk pâtimâ takîmâcihtâw âwinak. ikwa ohci ôhi wathasiwîwina ta-kitâpâcikâtîki kâkithaw itohtamôwina îkâ kîkwây ta-mâthipathik ikwa ta-osâmahakwâw.

tânikohk itakîtin ôma iskonikâtî-masinahikîwin?

ka-itakîtîk ôma iskonikâtî-masinahikîwin pah-pitosi-akihtin tâpitaw ikoni ôhi kîkwâya:

ka-âstîki ikwa ka-isi-nitawîthîcikâtîki

âtakîtîwa mâna ôhi iskonikâtî-masinahikîwina isi ka-isi-mwâci-nitawîthîcikâtîki. kîspin mwâc nitawîthîcikâtîwa mwâc anihi mistahi ta-itakîtîwa. ikwa mîna kîspin mistahi nitawîthîciktîwa nawaci ta-mistakîtîwa. ithikôk GHG iskonikanî-masinahikanisa  ikoni ôhi piko ta-isi-nitawîthîcikâtîki piko ka-isi-âpatâki ôtî nîkânihk. kotaka anihi iskopthîwini-isicikîwinisa mitoni kinwîs pâtimâ kakî-mâcipathiki. ka-isi-nitawîthîcikâtîki ôhi iskôpathikîwina ikwa asici ka-itakîtîki kotaka wathawî-pîcipiwi-pakitatâmôwina. ka-isi-nitawîthîtâkwâw athisitiniwak ikwa otatoskîwikamikwa ôhi mostatoskîwi-atâwîwina. ikoni piko nîkân ka-wâpâcikâtîki i-mwayi-mîkinâniwiki tânikohk ta-itakîtiki.

pikocitaw mîna mostatoskîwinihk

iskonikanîwi-masinahikîwina nawaci mistakîtîwa âsiwi-atâwîwinihk osâm takî-âpatana kici pîcipiwi-wathawipathi-pakitatâmowina. iskonikanîwi-masinahikîwina anihi itastîwa nîtî mostatoskîwini-âsiwi-atâwîwinihk nawaci ikota wîtakîtîwa.

îtowa isîcikîwinisa ka-ohcipathiki anihi iskonikaniwi-masinahikîwin

âtiht ôki ka-atâwîcik ôhi iskonikaniwi-masinahikîwin, nîtî awasimî mostatoskîwini-atâwîwinihk, mistahi mâna atâwîwak masinahikîwina îta anihi nawac mistahi kîkwâya ka-ayâcik mitho-kîkwâya (tâpiskohc otînâwi-osihcikîwinihk) ikwa asic îta ka-âstîki ôhi asici, âhpô asici kîkwâya kotaka ka-ayâcik mîna kotaks anihi. otatâwîwak ôki mîna nohtî-misi-tipahikîwak kîspin ikoni ôhi kîkwâya astîwa ikota.

ka-mithowâsiki ôhi iskonikaniwi-masinahikîwina

ka-itakîki ôhi iskonikaniwi-masinahikîwina mostatoskîwinihk kîpsin ôma sohkîthîtamok ikwa owathasowîwiniwâwa sohkwanithiki ikwa asici masinahikîwina nawaci mithwâsinithiwa.

wathasowîwina îkâ kâ-âkîtîki masinahikîwina

âskaw, mwâc kâkî-âkîtîwa ôhi iskonikaniwi-masinahikîwina kiyâm âsay mîkinâniwiki. Ikosi ôma kakî-ispathin kîspin awînak patâkamisici, patasinahikîci âhpô pisci-pakitinâkwâwi anihi pîciwi-wathawî-pakitatâmowina. okimâwatoskîwak takî-wîkatînamok mîna ôhi kîspin namwâc katawâ itastîwa. Isikwa mîna kakî-wîtamâw ana ta-mîskotinâk wîtha ôhi. âtiht mîna kakî-mîskotinikâtîwa ikwa âtiht mîna kakî-atawâkânîwina mâka pîtosîs piko ta-nîtakîtâkwâw osâm kakî-kostâtikwana. 

Kîkwây ôma GHG iskonîwini-masinahosowin?

 mitho-iskonîwini-ispathîwina kwayask itastâwak anihi ka-masinahikâtîki iskonîwini-ispathîwinisa ikwa asici iskonîwini-ispathîwina kahkithaw kici âwinak. GHG iskonîwini-masinahosowin wîcihitâmakan îta ôhi ka-âstîki, ikwa asici awinak kakî-masinahikît, ka-âpacihtât ikwa kakî-âpacihtât ôki.

mithwâsin mîna ôma ta-nôhkôtâcik ôhi GHG iskonîwini-ispathîwina kâhkithaw âwinak tawâpahtâk, îkâ kîkwây ta-kâcikâtîk. atâwîwak takî-wâpahtamok ôhi i-mwayi-atâwîcik mahti kîspin âsay awînak i-kî-atâwît âhpô i-kî-apcihtât ôhi.  

The essentials: greenhouse gas offset projects

Offset project proponents generate offset credits through voluntary activities that reduce GHG emissions or increase the removal and storage of GHGs from the atmosphere, in accordance with an offset protocol. The GHG reductions or removals achieved by the project are quantified (measured and calculated) and verified by a qualified, independent third party according to the offset system rules.

Some offset project types include:

• Better management of forests to keep more carbon in trees / soil
• Avoiding releases of methane gas from landfills
• Taking action to protect forests or grasslands from development (so stored carbon is not released)
• Switching to chemicals in refrigeration systems that cause less global warming
• Composting organic waste instead of sending it to the landfill
• Tree planting
• Capturing methane gas generated from livestock manure
• Increasing the amount of carbon stored in agricultural soils through adoption of regenerative practices

Offset systems are based on the following principles to ensure there is a high degree of trust in the system. An offset project must follow all of these principles so that there is confidence in the offset credits generated.

Real:

The offset project must achieve GHG emissions reductions or removals through a specific and measurable activity. The project proponent needs to demonstrate that the GHG reductions or removals have actually been achieved.

Additional:

The offset project must reduce or remove GHGs beyond what was going to happen without the offset project, also known as the baseline scenario or business-as-usual case.

If the GHG reductions or removals would have occurred without the offset project, the project is not additional.

Quantifiable:

The offset project proponent needs to accurately account for the GHG reductions or removals they achieve, in accordance with the offset protocol they use. This means using approved methods and measurement devices to collect data and calculate GHG reductions or removals. 

Permanent:

There may be a risk that the carbon stored by a project is released in the future (either voluntarily or involuntarily). For projects that increase the capture and storage of CO₂ in plants, trees, soils geological formations, or prevent the release of carbon, the project proponent must ensure the permanence of the GHG removals or emissions reductions for a required amount of time.

• Offset systems commonly require that CO₂ storage be maintained for significant periods, up to 100 years after the offset credits are generated.
• Offset system administrators may hold back some portion of the offsets credits generated as a form of insurance that can be used in case there are involuntary releases of stored CO₂ in the future.
• If project proponents release the stored CO₂ on purpose (such as by cutting down a forest), they may have to pay back the credits they were issued.

Unique:

An offset project can only be registered under one offset system at a time and the GHG reductions can only be credited once. Ensuring uniqueness avoids situations referred to as double counting, which can lead to an overestimation of the total GHG reductions achieved by the offset project. 

Verifiable:

Information about the project must be collected and recorded so that this information can be reviewed and confirmed by a qualified, independent third party.

Scope

In addition to the above principles, an offset system will have specific rules about what projects can participate in the system.

Scope defines the types of activities or characteristics a project must have in order to register to generate offset credits. This may include project start date, location, project activities and what GHGs are being reduced or removed.

Project start date

The project start date corresponds to when the project activity begins. The project activity start date is usually defined by the protocol but is typically when work has started to implement the project or when GHG reductions begin. A project start date is important because projects that start before the allowed start date in the offset system are not considered additional. A project must have started on or after the allowed start date to be able to register in the system.

Project location

Offset systems and protocols apply to specific geographic regions where offset projects must be located. An offset system or protocol might be applicable across the country, or only in a single province or region. 

Project activities

Not all activities can generate offsets.  An offset protocol will identify which activities can generate offset credits.

Targeted GHGs

While there are many different activities that are good for the environment, GHG offset systems are focused on projects that reduce or remove greenhouse gases.  Different offset projects reduce or remove different types of GHGs. Forest projects target CO₂, while waste projects often target methane (CH4). An offset system or protocol may identify which GHG reductions or removals can generate offset credits.

Gechi-inendaagwak: Gaa-naagwasinog Gaa-izhiseg gaaban ganedat Izhichigewinan

Gaaban ganedat izhichigewinan gaa-dibendamowaad odoozhitoonaawaan gaaban ganedat bizaanigo bangii eta gii-bagidinamowaad ini GHG gemaa gii-odaapinamowaad gaye gii-onji-odaapinamowaad GHG ishpiming, gaa-inindwaa offset inaakonigewining onji. Iwe GHG nawach bangii ji-bagijiseg gemaa ji-odaapinigaadeg imaa izhichigewining onji daa-dibaginjigaade (ji-dibaabiishkoojigaadeg gaye ji-gikenjigaadeg) gaa-gikendang awiya ji-doodang gaaban ganedat inaakonigewining izhi.

Aanind gaaban ganedat izhichigewinan ono:

• Nawach babenak ji-naagajichigaadegin mitigwakiin ji-ayaamagak iwe gaa-bagidanaamoying mitigong / azhashkiing.
• Ji-manaa-bagijiseg iwe anaamakamig gaa-onjiimagak gaa-naagwasinog imaa gaa-izhi-ningwa’igaadeg azhashki akiing.
• Ji-naadamawindwaa mitigoog gaye mashkosi ji-aabajitoosigwaa igi gaa-waakaa’igewaad (ji-bagijisesinog gaa-naagwasinog)
• Ji-aabajichigaadeg bakaan gegoon imaa dakisijiganing gaawiin dash ji-onji-gizhidesinog aki miziwe.
• Ji-izhichigeng ji-wanaadak webinigan apiichwiin webiniganikaang ji-izhi-webinigaadeg
• Ji-nitaawigi’indwaa mitigoog
• Ji-odaapinigaadeg gaa-naagwasinog bizhikiwi-moowing gaa-ayaag.
• Nawach niibiwa bagidanaamowin daa-ganawenjigaade gitigewini-azhashkiing minochigaadeg azhashki ji-mino-nitaawigig gitigaan.

Gaaban ganedat izhichigewinanowe daa-inaakonigem nawach niibiwa ji-debweyen-damowaad awiyag ji-onizhishing iwe izhichigewin. Iwe izhichigewin odaa-biminizhaan ji-minoseg ji-ozhi’oomagakin ini gaaban ganedatan.

Gaa-ayaamagak geget:

Iwe gaaban ganedat izhichigewin geget bangii GHG o-daa-bagidinaanaawaa ishpiming gemaa ji-odaapinamowaad ji-dibaabanjigaadenig dash. Iwe izhichigewin gaa-dibendang daa-waabanda’iwe nawach bangii GHG ji-bagidinang gemaa ji-odaapinang.

Giiyaabi dash:

Iwe gaaban ganedat izhichigewin nawach bangii GHG gemaa o-daa-odaapi-naanaawaan apiich wiin ge-gii-izhisemagakiban giishpin ayaasino-giban iwe gaaban ganedat izhichigewin, ge-izhisemagakiban isa go.

Nawach bangii GHG bagidinigaadeg gemaa odaapinigaadeg gaawiin memwaach ayaamagak izhichigewin, gaan giiyaabi da-ayaasinoon.

Ge-dibaginjigaadeg:

Iwe izhichigewin gaa-dibendang gwayak daa-dibaajimo bangii eta gii-bagidinang GHG gemaa gii-odaapinang, gaa-inaakonigeng ji-doodamowaad gaa-gii-inindwaa. O-daa-aabajitoon gaa-gii-inind ji-aabajitood gaye dibaabiishkooji-gan ji-aabajitood ji-maawadoonang GHG gikendaasowin. 

Nepich igo:

Maagizhaa daa-ganawenjigaade iwe gaa-bagidanaamong gaa-naagwasinog ji-bagidinigaadeg ani-akiiwang (bizaanigo gemaa gaawiin bizaanigo). Ini izhichigewinan nawach niibiwa gaa-odaapinamowaad gaye gaa-ganawendamowaad CO₂ gitigaaning mitigong azhashkiing asiniing gemaa gaa-bagidinanzigwaa ji-bagidinigaadeg iwe gaa-bagidanaamoying, awe izhichigewin gaa-dibendang daa-nepiji-odaapinaanan GHG gemaa nawach bangii eta ji-bagidinang ishpiming.

• Gaaban ganedat izhichigewinan ikidoomagan gii-ganawenjigaadeg iwe CO₂ gaa-bagidanaamoying ginwesh igo ji-ganawenjigaadeg daabishkoo 100 daso-biboon gaa-ishkwaa-ozhi’oomagakin gaaban ganedatan.
• Gaaban ganedatan gaa-naagajitoowaad o-daa-ganawendaanaawaan bangii ini gaaban ganedatan maagizhaa bichi-bagidinigaadeg iwe CO₂ gaa-bagidanaamong ishpiming ani-akiiwang.
• Giispin izhichigewin gaa-dibendang bagidinang iwe CO₂ onjida (gii-shka’aakwed), daa-diba’ige’aa ji-giiwe-diba’ang ini credits gaa-gii-miinind.

Aabiding eta:

Gaaban ganedat izhichigewin daa-biindigebii’igaade aabiding eta gii-izhiseg gaye bangii eta GHG bagidinigewinan ganedat aabiding daa-aabadan. Aabiding eta ayaamagak gaawiin niizhing daa-aginjigaadesinoon iwe, mii dash ozaam daa-ishpi-aginjigaade maamaw GHG gaa-bagidinigaadeg imaa gaaban ganedat izhichigewining. 

Ge-debweyendaagwak:

Daa-maawadoonigaade gekenjigaadeg iwe izhichigewin gaye ji-ozhibii’igaadeg awiya bakaan gaa-gikendaasod ji-waawaabandang gaye ji-ikidod edebwemagak.

Minik ako

Dago dash ono, iwe gaaban ganedat izhichigewin o-da-biminizha’aanan inaakoni-gewinan wegonenan izhichigewinan ge-dagwiimagakin imaa.

Da-ikidoomagan aaniin ge-izhichiged awe izhichigewin gaa-dibendang ji-biindigebii’ang gaaban ganedatan. Apii gaa-gii-maajitaad, aaniindi eyaad, ezhichigemagak iwe izhichi-gewin gaye giishpin nawach bangii GHG gaa-bagidinigaadegin gemaa gaa-odaapinigaadegin.

Apii Gaa-gii-maajitaamagak Izhichigewin

Apii gaa-maajitaamagak izhichigewin iwe apii gaa-gii-maadakami-giziwaad imaa. Apii gaa-maajitaamagak izhichigewin ikidowag igi gaa-inaakonige-waad mii dash wiinigo apii gaa-gii-maadanokiiwaad gemaa apii nawach bangii GHG gaa-gii-bagidinamowaad gii-maajitaawag. Gichi-inendaagwan ji-gikenjigaadeg aan apii gaa-gii-maajitaawaad aaniish giishpin ozaam wiiba gaa-gii-maajitaawaad gaawiin giiyaabi dash da-inenjigaadesinoon iwe gaaban ganedat izhichigewin. Mayaa iwe apii gaa-gii-bagidinind ji-maajitaad daa-maajitaamagan iwe izhichigewin ji-biindigebii’igaadeg imaa systeming.

Aaniindi Eyaamagak Izhichigewin

Ini gaaban ganedat izhichigewinan gaye inakonigewin da-ikidom aaniindi mayaa edanakamigiziwaad offset izhichigewinan. Iwe gaaban ganedat izhichigewin gemaa inaakonigewin bizaanigo daa-inenjigaade agami-akiing ji-ayaamagak gemaa akiikaaning eta. 

Izhichigewin ge-izhichigemagak

Gaawiin gakina izhichigewinan daa-onji-ozhi’oomagazinoon gaaban ganedatan.  Gaaban ganedat inaakonigewin da-ikidoomagan wegonen izhichigewinan ge-onji-ozhi’oomagakin gaaban ganedatan.

GHGs Ge-Ganawaabanjigaadegin

Aanawi niibiwa dinookaanan izhichigewinan daa-onizhishinoon, GHG gaaban ganedat izhichigewinan da-aabadanoon nawach bangii ge-bagidinigaadeg gemaa odaapinigaadeg gaa-naagwasinog ishpiming.  Bebakaan dino gaaban ganedat izhichigewinan nawach bangii ji-bagidinigaadegin gemaa ji-odaapinigaadegin ini GHGs. Mitigwaki izhichigewinan odazhiikaanaawaa CO₂, ini dash webinigani-izhichigewinan anaamakamig gaa-ayaamagak gaa-naagwasinog (CH4) odazhiikaanaawaa. Gaaban ganedat izhichigewin gemaa inaakonigewin daa-ikidoomagan giishpin nawach bangii GHG ji-bagidinigaadeg gemaa ji-odaapinigaadeg daa-onji-ozhi’oomagan gaaban ganedatan.

Ta’n nuta’q:greenhouse gas offset elukwasik

Offset elukwatk proponants kisa’toq offset credit pemiaq ta’n wen ika’lsit koqowey ta’n ejikla’toq GHG emissions kisna wenaqa’toq ta’n ejikla’tasik kisna kelnmi’tij GHG wejiaq atmosphere, wjit ula offset nuta’q. Ula GHG ejikla’tasik kisna mena’tasik wejiaq elukwasik na kisisuwa’toq (enkatasik aqq mawkiljasik) aqq nemitoq ta’n asite’tasik, newtuwilukwatk wen kutey offset system tplutaqn.

Etekl offset eltasik teltek kutey ula wiaqtek:

• Naji klu’kn ikana’tasik wjit nipukt wjit siawisunmin me’ carbon staoqniktuk/ tupkwan
• Ejikla’sin tewa’tasik ula methane gas wejiaq landfills
• Wesuwa’toq action wjitikatk nipukt kisna sikuwe’kati wejiaq kisitasik (kulaman kelo’tasik carbon, u tewa’tasinuk)
• Ewaqa ew’min chemicals ta’n refridgeration system ta’n kisa’toq naji tekla’j global warming
• Composting organic ejiklekemk ewnaqa wjit elkitasik maqamikow wejuwa’tasik
• Stoqn nikwenujik
• Mesnmin methane gas wejiaq ta’n mimjik manure
• Wenaqa’tasik te’sik carbon kelnmi’tij nekwenasik tupkwan pemiaq ta’n amko’tasik wjit te’s tela’taqatijik

Offset system na weji ankaptasik ta’n majuwatasik principles wjit asite’tmin tekn espitek degree wjit tepite’tmin wela’sik system. Na offset elukwasik nuta’q majukwatn ula principles kulaman wula’sitew offset credits eltasik.

Teliaq:

Na offset eltasik nuta’q mesnimin GHG emissions jikla’tasin kisna mna’tasin wejiaq ula aqq ta’n enkatasik koqowey. Ula koqowey proponent nuta’q wjit tlukwen ta’n GHG ejikla’toq kisna mena’toq weskunmin kisi suwa’tasik.

Ankuwa’sik:

Na offset elukwasik nuta’q jikla’tasin kisna nma’tasin GHG ta’n ankuwa’sik eliaq ta’n kisi tla’sin ta’n tujiw offset tela’sik, elt ta’n teli jijitaik baseline ta’n tujiw ankite’tasik kisi tla’sin kisna business-ta’n te’s tla’sin case.

Ta’n tujiw GHG ejikla’sik kisna mena’tasik nuta’q ta’n tujiw mu etenuk offset eltasik, ula eltasik mu ankuwa’sinuk.

Quantifiable:

Na offset eltasik proponent nuta’q ankite’tasin ta’n te’sik wjit GHG mena’tasik kisna ejikla’tasik mesnmi’tij, wjit offset tela’sik e’wasik. Ula na teluwek wjit e’wasik nuta’q aqq enkatasik devices wjit mawte’k te’sik aqq mawkiljasik GHG ejikla’tasik kisna mena’tasik.

Iapju:

Jiptuk tetew ta’n kisi o’pla’sik carbon kelo’tasik wejiaq eltasik tewa’tasik ta’n kne’k (etuk ta’n tujiw wen pasik kettu’ tla’tiket kisna mu ketu’tla’tikek). Wjit koqowey eltasik ta’n nuta’q mesnmi’tij aqq kelnasik wjit CO₂ wasuwekituk, stoqniktuk, tupkwaniktuk geologicaql wejitasik, kisna naqa’toq tuwa’tn carbon, ta’n eltasik proponent nuta’q ankaptasin siwatek GHG ejikla’tasik kisna mena’tasik wjit nuta’q te’sik.

• Offset systems teli nenasik nuta’q CO₂ kelnmi’tij nuta’q siwa’tasin wjit pekije’k, na’tami telipije’k aqq 100 newtipukekl kaqiaq offset credits kisitasikl.
• Offset system ikana’tu’tij jiptuk kl’nitaq kijka’ offsets credits ika’tasikl ta’n kisitoq wjit insurance ta’n kisi e’wasitew koqowey menuwaqtasik lukwasin tewa’tasik etliklo’tasik CO₂ me’ kne’k eliaq.
• Ta’n tujiw eluwasik proponents tewa’tasik kelo’tasik CO₂ wjit (kutey temsasik wejiaq metoqtek nipukt), jiptuk apankitaq apajiw crewjit ta’n kisi ika’tu’tij.

Istu’tek:

Ta’n offset elukwasik na pasik kisi nasiwi’kutaq wejiaq newte’ offset system te’s tmk aqq GHG ejikla’tasik pasik kisi apajimsntew wen new’t. Asite’tmin ta’n teli pilu’tek wjit apoqnmin mu tla’sin ap ana amuj pa mawkiljemk ta’pu, na jiptuk kisi liatew ansami kiljen ta’n tujiw te’sik GHG ejikla’tasik wejiaq offset elukwaiksik.

Verifiable:

Koqowey wjit elukwasik nuta’q mawa’tasin aqq napuiwi’kmin kulaman koqowey kisi ankaptasitew aqq knuwa’tiketew asite’tasit, newtukwilukwet.

Wetaptik koqowey

Aqq ankuwa’sik wjit principals, na offset system nuta’tew tplutaqn wjit koqowey kisi suwa’tew ula system.

Scope teluwet ta’n te’sik koqowey kisna ta’n teltek elukwasik nuta’q weskunmin wjit nasiwi’kusin wjit kisa’tn offset credits.  Ula na jiptuk kisa’tew poqjiaq tele’k, ta’n tett, eltasik koqowey telukutijik aqq koqowey GHGs na ejikla’tasik kisna mena’tasik.

Eltasik paqjiaq ta’n tele’k

Ula eltasik tele’k wjit ta’n tujiw eltasik poqjiaq. Ula eltasik poqjiaq ta’n ta’n tujiw teluwek wejiaq protocol katu pasik ta’n tujiw elukwasik poqjiaq wiaqa’tasik ula elukwasik kisna ta’n tujiw GHG ejikla’tasik poqjiaq. Na eltasik tele’k nuta’q mita elukwatasik poqjiaq na asite’tasik tele’k offset system na mu teluwenuk ankuwa’tasik.  Na eltasik nuta’q poqjian nike’ kisna kaqikisa’tasik asite’tasik tele’k wjit nasiwi’kusin ula system.

Ta’n elukwasik tett etek

Offset system aqq ta’n koqowey nuta’q eltasik kutey geographic regions ta’n tett offset eltasik nuta’q tekn. Na offset system kisna ta’n nuta’q el’tasin jiptuk kisi suwa’tn pemiaq country, kisna pasik newte’ province kisna region.

Eltasik Kowowey

Mu msit koqowey kisi ika’tasitew offsets.  Na offset nuta’q tela’sik na ankaptitew ta’n koqowey kisi tla’sitew offset credits.

Ta’n eliaq GHG

Ta’n tujiw etek pilu’tekl ta’n tela’sik na wela’sik wjit uksitqamu, GHG offset system eliaq wjit eltasik ta’n kisa’toq ejikla’sik kisna mena’tasik greenhouse gases.  Pilu’tekl offset ta’n eltasik ejikla’tasik kesna mena’tasik teltekl wjit GHG. Nipukt koqwey elitasik eliaq CO₂, ta’n mu kelu’knuk te’s eliaq methane (CH4) Na offset system kisna ta’n tela’sik nuta’q ta’n GHG ejikla’tasik kisna mena’tasik jiptuk kisa’tew offset credits.

pikocitaw kîkwâya ta-âpatâkwâw: pîciwi-ithîwîn ka-iskonikâtîki ispathiwinisa

ka-iskonikâtîki ispathiwinisa otatoskîwi-itiniwak osihtâwak ôhi iskonikâtîki-masinahikîwina mostatoskîwinihk ka-kakwî-pônihtâcik ôhi pîcipiwi-wathawîpathi-pakitatâmôwina âhpô ta-thâkinamok wîkatînikwîwina ikwa takî-nâhâstâwak kîsikohk, kîspin katawâ-nawasiwâtamok pikositaw-itihtamowina. GHG iskôpathikîwina ikwa wîkatînikwîwina akihcikâtîwa (tapahikâtîwa ikwa akihcikâtîwa) ikwa ta-sâpôtî-wâpâcikâtîki kotak ohci awînak piskîc i-kaskîtât ikwa mîna asici ka-ayât kiskinwahamâtowasinahikan. kîspin mâka piko nawasiwâtâkwâwi wathasiwîwina.

ikwa îtwîkân ôhi ka-iskonikâtîki ispathiwinisa tâpiskohc:

• nawaci kitîthîcikîwin nohcimihk ta-kitîthîcikâtîki  pakitatâmowin mistikohk ikwa askîhk ohci
• îkâ ta-pakitinikâtîk ôma namôtha isinâpâsktîw mîna isimâhkwan nânitaw isi ikwa mîna namôtha pîcipiwini-pimiy ka-âpatâhk wâsaskotînikîwinihk ikwa ta-kisisikâniwik wîpinikanihk 
• ta-kitâpâcikâtîki ôhi nochimihkamikwa âhpô maskosîskamikwa (ikwa pakitatâmowin mwâc âpatan)
• ta-âtascikâtîki ôhi pimiya miciwini-tahkascikîwikamikwa îkâ osâm mistahi ta-wathawîpathikwâw pîcipiwîni-pakitatâmôwina
• ta-kakwî-mosci-sawânâtâkwâw îkâ katâc wîpinikanihk ta-itisahikâtîki
• ta-kitistikîcik mistikwa
• ta-kakwî-kâcitinâkwâw mostosi-mîyi
• mistahi nawaci ta-ascikâtîk wathawî-pakitatâmôwina kitistikânihk âyik ohci kihtwâmi-âpacihcikîwinihk

iskonîwi-ispathîwinisa ôhi ka-nawasiwâcikâtîki kîspin awinak nohti-tâpakwîthîtam ikwa ta-sohkîthîtâk. piko atatâwîw ta-nawasiwâtâk nohtî-itinam ôhi.

tâpwîwin:

iskonîwi-ispathîwinisa piko ta-kaskîtât GHG iskôpathikîwina âhpô wîkatînikwîwina katawâ kici kîkwâya tapahikâtîk. otatâwîw piko ta-nôhkôtât ikaskîtât ôhi GHG iskôpathikîwina âhpô wîkatînikwîwina.

kotaka:

iskonîwi-ispathîwinisa piko ta-nîtinâk âhpô ta-wîkatînâk GHGs îsi i-wî-ispathik kîspin îkâ konîwi-ispathîwinisa, isithihkâtîw asici ôma mâci-wathsîpicikâniwin âhpô tâpiskohc tahto-kîskikâwatoskîwin.

kîspin GHG iskôpathikîwina âhpô wîkatînikwîwina kî-ispathina îkâ iskonîwi-ispathîwinisa, namôtha ôma ta-ispathin.

tânithikohk:

iskonîwi-ispathîwinisa otatoskîw piko katawâ ta-isi-akihtât ikwa ta-isi-tipahikît  ôhi GHG iskôpathikîwina âhpô wîkatînikwîwina kakî-kaskîtât, kîspin kî-apcihtâw pikocitaw-itihtamôwina. Ikwa ôma kîspin kakî-apacihtât âwinak katawâ tipahikîwini-âpacihcikana ta-otinâk akihtâsowina GHG iskôpathikîwina âhpô wîkatînikwîwina ohci.

kakikî:

âskaw takî-kostâtikwan ôma nâscikâtîki pakitatâmowin ôtî nîkânihk (mosci âhpô ocitaw). Isicikîwinisa ka-thâkinâstâcik âhpô ka-itinâkwâw pakitatâmowin kistikânihk, mistikohk, asiskihk, âhpo ka-nakinikâtîk pakitatâmowin, isicikîwinis-otatoskîw piko ta-kinawîthîtât kâkikî GHG wîkatînikwîwina âhpô pîcipiwi-wathawipathi-pakitatâmowina îthikôk ka-itastîthik.

• iskonîwi-ispathîwinisa mâna nitawîthîcikâtîw pakitatâmowi-nâscikîwin ta-kitâpâcikâtîk nânitaw mitahtomitanaw askiya kîsi osihcikîki ôhi iskopathîwini-masinahîwina.
• iskonîwi-ispathîwinis okimâw takî-nakinam ôhi âtiht iskopathîwini-masinahîwina kîspin pisci-pakitinikâtîki pakitatâmowin ôtî nîkânihk.
• kîspin ispathîwinisi-otatoskîw pakitinam ocitaw pakitatâmowin (tâpiskohc i-kîskatahikânowik nohcimihk), âpwî itikwî kâwî piko ta-tipahikîcik.

piyakwâyik piko:

iskonîwi-ispathîwinis piko piyakwâw kaî-âpatan ôhi GHG wîkatînikwîwina. osâm kakî-pisci-patakîtâsow âwinak âhpô takî-osâmakîtâsow.

ta-sâpôtî-wâpâcikâtîk:

kâhkithaw kîkwây ka-otinikâtîk piko ta-masinahikâtîk ikwa ispihk ta-sâpôtî-wâpâcikâtîki kotak ohci awînak piskîc i-kaskîtât ikwa mîna asici ka-ayât kiskinwahamâtowasinahikan.

ka-isi-wâpâcikâtîk

tâpiskohc ôhi ka-itasinahikâtîk nistam ôta masinahikanisihk itohtamowina, iskonîwi-ispathîwinis ta-âstîwa kotaka wathasiwîwinisa tânihtowa takî-atoskâtîki ispathîwinisihk.

ka-isi-wâpâcikâtîk ôma itwîmakan itwîkân itohcikîwin âhpô ka-isinâhkwâk ispathiwinis piko kîspin nohtî-osihtâw âwinak isko iskopathiwini-masinahikîwina. takî-astîw ôta îta kakî-mâcipathik ispathiwin, îta ka-ispathik, ispathiwini-itohtamowina ikwa tânitowa GHG iskôpathikîwina ikwa wîkatînikwîwina ka-âpatâki.

ispathiwin ka-mâcipathik

ispathiwin ka-mâcipathik anima kici tânispihk ka-mâcihtâcik ôma. ikwa ôma takî-mâcipathin kîspin âwinak kî-itohtam pikocitaw-itohtamôwina mâka piko ispihk takî-mâcipathin kîpsin apacihcikâtîk GHG iskôpathikîwina. mithwâsin ôma ta-mâcihtât âwinak îta kamâcipathik iskonikâtîk ispathiwin ikwa namôtha ôhi kotaka. namôtha piko ispihk takî-mâcihtâw âwinak, kakî-mâcihtâw piko kîspin kîsi-tipahosoci ikwa masinahosocik âwinak.

îta ka-ispathik

iskonîwi-ispathîwina ikwa pikocitaw-itohtamowina âpacihcikâtîwa âtiht îta ka-ispathiki ôhi. iskonîwi-ispathîwina ikwa pikocitaw-itohtamowina takî-âpatana misiwî askîhk, âhpô kîciwâk piko.

ispathiwini-icohcamôwinisa

namôtha kâhkithaw ôhi icohcamôwinisa kakî-osihtâwak iskonikâtîkîwina. iskonikâtîkîwin-pikocitaw-itohtamowin ka-wâpahcikâtîwa ôhi iskonikâtîkiwi-masinahikîwina.

kawathâpâcikâtîki GHGs

mâka mihcît ôhi pîtosi-icohcamowinisa mithwâsina kici ôta askîhk, GHG iskonikâtîwi-ispathiwina nawaci mistahi kanwâpahtamowak anihi ispathiwinisa GHGs pîcipiwi-wathawîyâpahtîk pakitatâmowin ka-ispathikwâw, kâhkithaw ôhi pîtos ôhi GHGs. nohcimihko- ispathiwinis kawathâpâtâkwâw pakitatâmowin, mîna kotaka iskopathi-ispathiwinisa wathâpâtâmok pwîkitowi-pimiy (CH4). iskonîwi-ispathîwina âhpô pikocitaw-itohtamowina kakî-wâpahtamôkîwak awîhi GHG iskôpathikîwina ikwa wîkatînikwîwina ka-osihtâcik iskonikâtî-masinahikîwina.

The essentials: benefits of greenhouse gas offset projects

Economic

Taking part in an offset project represents an economic development opportunity. Offset projects create a revenue stream from the sale of offset credits that can help fund community priorities. Projects in sectors such as forestry, agriculture and waste management can present employment opportunities. In communities where employment is tied to natural resource development, offset projects may be able to provide jobs related to better management of the land and reduced carbon pollution.

Environmental

Offset projects represent a way to earn revenue from activities that mitigate climate change. Offset projects that involve improvements in land management practices may also offer other environmental co-benefits such as improved wildlife habitat, soil quality, water quality, and conservation of forest.

Social

Land-based projects can improve wildlife and plant populations for cultural and traditional use, and support activities such as hunting and harvesting. Other project types related to waste management can reduce the risks of harmful pollutants and improve community well-being and health. Offset project development may also help to build community capacity through the development of new skills and knowledge.

Gechi-inendaagwak: Gaa-onji-onizhishing Gaa-naagwasinog ishpiming gaaban ganedat Izhichigewinan

Zhooniyaakewin

Dagwiing gaaban ganedat izhichigewin daa-onji-zhooniyaakem. Gaaban ganedat izhichigewinan daa-onji-ozhichigaade zhooniyaakewin adaaweng gaaban ganedat ge-aabadakiban dazhiikewining. Izhichigewinan daabishkoo mitigokewin, gitigewin gaye gii-naagajichigaadegin webiniganan daa-onjise anokiiwin. Dazhiikewining gaa-onjiseg anokiiwin imaa gaa-ayaamagak besho, daa-onji-ozhichigaade anokiiwin nawach dash gaye babenak ji-naagajichigaadeg aki gaye gaawiin niibiwa ji-onji-wiinichigemagak iwe ishpiming gaa-inaabateg.

Gidakiiminaaning

Gaaban ganedat izhichigewining daa-onjise zhooniyaa dazhiikigaadeg aaniin ge-onji-gibitinigaadeg noojigo gii-izhiwebak noongom agwajiing. Ini gaaban ganedat izhichigewinan daa-onji-minosemagan gii-naagajitoowing gidakiiminaan gaye godak ji-izhi-minoseg gidakiiminaan daabishkoo gaa-izhi-dazhiikewaad awensiwag gaye enakamigaak azhashki gaye enaagamig nibi gaye enaakwaag noopimiing.

Gii-maamawidaaying

Izhichigewinan gaa-ayaagin bagwadakamig daa-onji-minosewag aya’aawishag awensiwag gaye gaa-nitaawigingin ji-mino-aabajitoowaad anishinaabeg gaye ji-andawenjigewaad ji-manoominikewaad. Godak dinookaanan izhichigewinan daabishkoo gii-naagajichigaa-deg webiniganan nawach bangii daa-onji-wiinichigaade aki gaye daa-onji-minosewag gaa-daawaad dazhiikewining ji-mino-ayaang. Offset izhichigewin daa-onji-minose dazhiikewin gikenjigaadegin oshki-anokiiwin gaye oshki-gikendaasowin.

Ta’n mawi nuta’q:wejapesit wjit greenhouse gas offset eltasik

Economic

Wesuwa’toq offset eltasik teltek staqa economic development kisi suwa’tasik. Offset eltasik ta’n revenue pemitk wejiaq ta’n metuwi’skasik offset credits ta’n kisi apoqntew wutann ika’natasik tmk. Eltasik ta’n pemtaqtekl kutey nipuktuk, nikwenasik aqq koqowey ejikla’tasik a’n kisi ik’'tew lukwaqn tekn. Wutann ta’n elukutijik na kelpilmi’tij ta’n nuta’q koqowey wejitasik, offset eltasik jiptuk kisi ika’taq lukwaqn wjit naji wula’sin teli ikana’tasik wjit maqamikow ejikla’tasik carbon mu kelu’knuk.

Maqamikow wejiaq

Offset eltasik ikana’toq ta’n tujiw mesnmin revenue wejiaq koqowey ta’n kisa’toq climate piluwa’sik. Offset eltasik wjit wiaqtek wela’sik maqamikow ikana’tasik tela’taqatijik jiptuk elt kisa’tew usitqamu wejapesit kutey wela’sik waiaisk wikultijik, tupkwan teli klu’k, aqq teli kelo’tasik nipukt.

Social

Maqamikow-wejiaq eltasik wjit kisa’toq wela’sik wasisik aqq wasuwekl wjit te’sik wjit ketlamsitasik aqq wjit teli e’wasik koqowey, aqq apoqnmin koqowey jutey ketantu’n koqowey aqq nikwenmin. Piluwey koqowey kutey ejikla’tasik wjit kisa’toq ta’n tla’sin o’pla’sik mu kelu’knuk aqq wela’sik wutan ta’n wen tele’l aqq wlo’ti. Offset project kisitasik jiptuk elt kisitew wutann te’sik pemiaq piley kisa’toq aqq kejitoq.

pikocitaw kîkwâya ta-âpatâkwâw: kamithwâsikwâw anihi pîcipiwin-ithîwîna

sôniyâkîwinihk misiwî-askîhk

itotaman ôma iskopathiwin ispathiwinisa kakî-atâwâkân ôhi. Iskopathiwini ispathîwinisa osihtâwak sôniyâwa ohci iskopathiwini masinhikîwina ikwa anihi wîcihtâsômakan otînâsihk. ispathiwinisa nohcimihk, kistikânihk ikwa wîpinikîwinihk kakî-atoskawâwak mîna athisitiniwak. otînâsihk kakî-atoskîwak itiniwak askiy ohci kîkwâya. iskopathwini ispathiwina kakî-wîcihtâsômakan atoskîwinihk.

askîhk

Iskopathiwini ispathîwinisa kakî-sôniyâkân ikwa asici kakî-mîskotinîn askiy ka-isi-wîpâhk. Iskopathi ispathiwinisa kakî-mithosîtân askiy tâpiskohk pisisikiwi-pimâtisiwinihk, asisikîhk, nipîhk ikwa nohcimihk.

misiwî-itî kâ-ayâcik athisitiniwak

askîwi-ispathiwinisa takî-mithosîtâwak mîna pisisiskiwi-pimâtisiwinihk ikwa kistikânihk aniki ka-âpacihtâcik ithiniwak isihcikîwinihk ikwa mîna asici takî-sîtoskamok mâcîwinihk ikwa mâmawi-kistikâniwi-asipicikîwinihk. kotaka mîna ispathiwinisa takî-mitho-wîcihîkamana pimâtisiwinihk misiwî ikwa asici mitho-pimâtisiwinihk. Iskopathiwini ispathiwinisa mîna kakî-wîcihtâsona ta-kiskinwahamâkîcik oski-kîkwâya ikwa kotaka kiskinwahamâkîwina.

The essentials: implementing a greenhouse gas offset project

If your community is interested and ready to implement an offset project, the following steps describe the process. Trusted partners with experience in carbon markets and offset project development may be able to help build capacity and develop the technical knowledge needed to implement a greenhouse gas (GHG) offset project.

1. Selection of offset system and protocol

Each offset system has its own requirements for participation, so it is worth assessing the options available for your project type and location.

Having a sense of who might buy your offset credits should be considered when choosing to participate in a particular offset system. If your project offers significant additional benefits, such as biodiversity or habitat protection, it may be attractive to buyers in the voluntary market. Credits issued by offset systems geared towards the compliance market may be of most interest to large GHG emitters subject to regulatory requirements. Depending on supply and demand, offset credits generated for the compliance market may sell for a higher price than those directed towards the voluntary market.

The offset system you select must have an offset protocol available for your offset project type.

Identify the relevant offset protocol based on the project activities and ensure your project can meet the requirements of the offset system and the relevant offset protocol.

2. Planning an offset project

The planning phase of an offset project may require substantial time and effort; however, this phase will help ensure the success of the project. Some offset system administrators may require project proponents to submit a project plan prior to project registration.

3. Validation

Some offset system administrators require project proponents to engage a qualified, independent third party to check project information for correctness prior to project registration.  The validator will provide an opinion as to whether the project proponent has designed the project according to the requirements set out in the protocol and can expect to successfully generate the estimated number of GHG offset credits.

Most systems do not require validation; however, validation may still be helpful to provide confidence that the project will generate the expected credits (and may be helpful in getting financing for the project), particularly if a project proponent does not have previous experience with offset projects. The project proponent is responsible for hiring and paying the third party to do the validation. A company with experience in the specific offset system and project type, as well as GHG accounting should be selected.

4. Registration of project in the offset system

All systems require project proponents to provide specific information about the project as part of the registration application. The procedures and information required to register the project will differ by system, but required information can include:

4A. Project summary

• Includes project description, location, GHG being reduced or removed, start date and the protocol that is being used.

4B. Entitlement to GHG reductions

• An offset project proponent must demonstrate entitlement (ownership or rights) to the GHG emission reductions or removals and the offset credits generated by the project.
• This is important so that there are no competing claims on the same GHG reductions and so that they are not counted twice.
• Some funding programs may claim entitlement to all or part of the reductions achieved by a project, so it is important to understand how receipt of government funding for the project activity may impact the ability to participate in an offset system.
• Establishing entitlement to GHG reductions and removals and the resulting offset credits may take time, so it is important that the community begin to determine their entitlement in the early stages of project development.
• There are three common scenarios:

Project is on private land

The project proponent is the landowner or has a legal agreement with the landowner that assigns entitlement to GHG removals or emissions reductions from activities on the land.

Project is on Reserve land or land owned by the community

The project proponent is the community or has a legal agreement with the community that assigns entitlement to GHG removals or emissions reductions from activities on the land.

Project is on Indigenous traditional territory on Crown Land

Entitlement to GHG removals or emission reductions rests with the Crown until assigned otherwise. Communities would need to come to an agreement with the provincial or federal government in order to demonstrate entitlement to GHG removals or emission reductions. In BC, these agreements are called “Atmospheric Benefits Sharing Agreements”.

4C. Baseline scenario and project scenario

• The baseline scenario (also known as the business-as-usual case) is a description of the activities and GHG emissions that would have occurred without the implementation of the offset project.
• The project scenario is a description of the activities and an estimate of the GHG emission reductions or removals that will be achieved by the offset project, according to the offset protocol.

4D. Identification of sources, sinks, and reservoirs

Source

A process that releases GHGs into the atmosphere. Sources can include fuel combustion or fertilizer use.

Sink

A process that removes GHGs from the atmosphere. Sinks include the capture and storage of carbon in plants, trees and soils.

Reservoir

A component that has the capacity to accumulate, store and release GHGs. Reservoirs can include plants, trees and soils.

• Include all relevant greenhouse gas sources, sinks and reservoirs for the project activity as described in the offset protocol.
• A protocol may allow certain emissions sources to be excluded from the GHG accounting if the source is not impacted by the project activities.

4E. Additionality

• A project proponent will have to demonstrate that the GHG reductions achieved by the project would not have occurred without the project, i.e. they are additional.
• Key aspects of additionality are that the project activities are not already common practice or required by regulations.
• In some offset systems it is up to the project proponent to show how their project is additional because there are certain barriers to its implementation.

4F. Risk mitigation plan

• For projects that increase the capture and storage of carbon in plants, trees, soil, or geologic formations, project proponents will need to assess the risk that the carbon will later be released into the atmosphere due to unforeseeable events.
• A risk management plan includes a description of any measures and monitoring activities to reduce that risk.
• Examples of risks for a forest project are natural events such as wildfire, insect infestation or windstorms.

4G. Leakage

• Leakage occurs if an activity or demand for the products of an activity shift to another location when the project is implemented. This causes increases in GHGs elsewhere. An example is reducing forest harvest in one area leading to increases in forest harvest somewhere else.
• Identify characteristics of the project that will affect the rate of leakage.

4H. Estimate of GHG reductions

• Include an estimate of the GHG reductions or removals that will be achieved by the project, based on the rules and methodologies in the GHG offset protocol. A consultant or project partner with expertise in quantification can assist in determining this estimate.

5. Implementation

The offset project is carried out following the rules of the offset system and protocol. This includes the activities to reduce or remove GHGs, but also the collection of information and maintenance of records needed to quantify (measure and calculate) and verify the reductions or removals. Quantification is the process of collecting data and calculating the amount of GHG reductions or removals achieved by the project and, therefore, the number of credits that are generated.

6. Monitoring

The GHG emission reductions or removals are quantified using methods set out in the selected offset protocol. This can include using information about the project activities (amount of fuel, electricity or fertilizer used, amount timber harvested, etc.) and emissions factors for those activities to estimate the amount of GHGs emitted as a result. Emissions factors are used to convert data about activities (e.g., volume of fuel consumed, amount of electricity used or quantity of fertilizer applied) into GHG emissions data . In other cases, computer models are used to estimate emissions. The approach to estimating GHG emissions and removals from agricultural land or forestry includes a combination of repeated measurements and computer modeling.

Offset projects that involve increasing the biological storage of carbon in plants, trees, soil or geological formations must monitor the permanence of those GHG removals during the project and after the crediting period ends. A project monitoring plan must include:

• Procedures for gathering and managing information
• Description of how the sources, sinks and reservoirs will be monitored

7. Reporting

Reporting allows for transparency and accountability of GHG offset projects in an offset system. The project proponent needs to regularly submit verified project reports to the offset system administrator in order to receive offset credits. Reporting requirements are set out in offset system protocols and rules.

8. Verification

Verification is an important step to ensure the quality and integrity of the offset project, and create confidence in the accuracy of project reports. Once a project proponent operates the project for a specified amount of time (often a minimum of one year), the project proponent must hire a qualified, independent third party Verification Body to confirm:

• the offset project has been implemented in accordance with its protocol and the rules of the offset system.
• the amount of GHG reductions or removals achieved is accurate.

The project proponent provides monitoring information and other project records to the Verification Body. The offset system rules will specify verification requirements, including the experience and professional qualifications or accreditation that the Verification Body must possess.

9. Credit issuance

Once the offset system administrator is satisfied that all system rules have been followed, they will issue GHG offset credits to the project proponent. According to the offset system rules, the program administrator may hold back a certain number of credits generated by the project in a buffer pool or environmental integrity account. The program administrator would draw from the pool to make up for credits issued by the offset system that they later found to be invalid.

10. Sale of credits

Although the sale of offset credits can be seen as the final step of an offset development process, it is helpful to understand early in the project development process who will buy the credits, how many credits they will buy, and the price they will pay per credit.

Because offset credit prices can change, there is a trade-off between price certainty if purchase agreements are negotiated in advance, and trying to sell at the best possible price. Offset credits can also be sold directly to the user of the offset credits or to an agent such as a broker or wholesaler. Selling to an agent means the agent does the work to find buyers in the market. Selling directly to the user requires more work to find buyers and negotiate sales agreements, but may allow credits to be sold at a higher price.

Gechi-inendaagwak: Izhichigeng iwe Gaa-naagwaasinong Ishpiming gaaban ganedat Izhichigewin

Giishpin gidazhiikewin andawenjigaadeg ji-dagwiing gaaban ganedat izhichigewin, owe daa-izhichigenaaniwan. Gaa-nagadenimindwaa gi-daa-gagwe-wiidanokiimaawaag gaa-gikendamowaad gaaban adaawewin gaye gaaban ganedat izhichigewin ji-ozhi’aaweg ge-anokiiwaad gaye ji-ondinameg gikendaasowin ji-onji-maajitooyeg gaa-naagwasinog ishpimiing (GHG) izhichigewin.

1. Odaapinameg Offset System gaye Inaakonigewinan

Endaso gaaban ganedat izhichigewin ayaa ge-izhichigewaad gaa-dagwiiwaad, onizhishin dash ji-waawaabandameg wegonen ge-doodameg jibwaa-maajitaayeg izhichigewin gaye aaniindi ge-ayaag.

Gikendameg gaye awenen ge-adaawed iwe gaaban ganedatan ge-dibendameg da-onizhishin apii inendameg ji-dagwiiyeg imaa gaaban ganedat izhichigewin. Giishpin ayaamagak wenizhishing imaa gidizhichigewining daabishkoo gaa-daswewaanagak bimaadiziwin gemaa ji-ganawenjigaadeg ge-danakiiwaad awensiwag da-wii-adaawewag awiyag bizaanigo adaawewining. Gaa-miigiwewaad ganedatan igi gaaban ganedat ge-aabajitoowaad igi ikidong ji-izhi-adaaweng o-da-andawendaanaawaa igi niibiwa GHG gaa-bagidinamowaad gaa-inaakonindwaa ji-izhichigewaad. Eyaamagak gaye endawenjigaadeg, gaaban ganedatan gaa-inwaadegin ji-aabadakin imaa gaa-ikidong ji-izhi-adaaweng nawach daa-ishpagindewan apiich wiin ini bizaanigo gaa-adaawewaad.

Iwe gaaban ganedat izhichigewin ge-odaapinaman daa-ayaamagan gaaban ganedat inaakonigewin ge-onizhishing gaa-wiidoodaman gidizhichigewining.

Gikendan iwe offset inaakonigewin ge-aabajitooyin gidizhichigewin-ing gaye gidizhichigewin ji-gashkitoomagak ji-doodaman iwe gaaban ganedat izhichigewin endawenjigaadeg enaakonigeng.

2. Maajitooyin iwe Gaaban Ganedat Izhichigewin

Maajitooyin iwe gaaban ganedat izhichigewin gi-ga-ozhiitaa nitam; amii eta ge-izhi-minoseg gidizhichigewin giishpin weweni ozhiitaayin jibwaa-maajitaayin. Aanind gaaban ganedat izhichigewin gaa-naagajitoowaad o-da-andawenimaawaa’ izhichigewin gaa-dibendamonid ji-waabanda’iwed ge-doodamowaad jibwaa-biindigebii’odizowaad.

3. Debwetaagoowin

Aanind gaaban ganedat izhichigewin gaa-naagajitoowaad o-da-andawenimaawaa’ izhichigewin gaa-dibendamonid ji-andomaanid awiyan gaa-gikendaasonid ji-waabandang iwe izhichigewin gwayak ji-izhichigemagakiban jibwaa-biindigebii’odizowaad.  Awe ge-waabandang da-dibaajimo giishpin awe izhichigewin gaa-dibendang gaa-izhitoogwen iwe izhichigewin gaa-inaakonigeng gaye ji-gashkitood gwayak ji-onji-ozhi’oomagakin GHG gaaban ganedat anokiimaganinig.

Aanind izhichigewinan gaawiin memwaach inaasiiwag ji-waabanjigaadegin zhaagooch dash daa-onizhishin ji-gikenjigaadeg ji-onji-ozhi’oomagakin gaaban ganedatan (gaye nawach dawendan zhooniyaa ji-gagwedweng) memindage giishpin awe izhichigewin gaa-dibendang gaa-izhichigesig owe odaanaang gaaban ganedat izhichigewin dinookaan. Awe izhichigewin gaa-dibendang o-daa-anokii’aa’ awiya gaye ji-diba’amawaad ini gaa-gikendaasonid ji-onji-debwetaagozid. Iwe izhichigewin gaa-nagajitoomagak gaaban ganedat izhichigewin gaye izhichigewin dinookaan gaye GHG zagakibii’igewin daa-odaapinigaade.

4. Biindigebii’igaadeg Izhichigewin imaa gaaban ganedat izhichigewining.

Gakina izhichigewinan onandawenimaawaa’ izhichigewinan gaa-dibenda-monid ji-miigiwenid wiindamaagewin apii biindigebii’odizong. Ge-izhichigeng gaye wiindamaagewin ge-aabadak biindigebii’odi-zong bebakaan da-izhinaagwan owe dash wiin igo naasaab:

4A. Izhichigewin Ezhinaagwak Dakobii’igan

• - aan ezhinaagwak iwe izhichigewin, aaniindi eyaamagak, GHG na nawach bangii bagidingaade gemaa odaapinigaade, aanapii emaaji-taang gaye wegonen inaakonigewin e-aabajichigaadeg.

4B. Enind minik bangii GHG ge-bagidinigaadeg

• Awe gaaban ganedat izhichigewin gaa-dibendang da-waabanda’iwe edibend-ang (dibendamowin gemaa miinigoowiziwin) bangii nawach ji-bagidinang gaa-naagwasinog gemaa ji-odaapinang gaye gaaban ganedat ge-onji-ozhi’oomagakin imaa izhichigewining.
• Gichi-inendaagwan owe gaawiin dash niibiwa o-da-wii-andawenda-ziinaawa naasaab GHG ji-izhiseg gaye niizhing ji-aginjigaadegin.
• Aanind gaa-ondinind zhooniyaa o-daa-dibendaanaawaan gakina gemaa bangii iwe nawach bangii gaa-bagidinigeng izhichigewining onji, gikendan dash aaniin ge-izhiseyeg odaapinameg ogimaa ozhooniyaamin, ge-izhi-dagwiiyeg imaa gaaban ganedat systeming.
• Ozhitooyeg aaniin ge-izhi-dibendameg ini nawach bangii GHG ji-bagidinameg gaye ji-odaapinameg gaye offset credits ge-gashkichi-gaadegin ginwesh daa-izhise, gikendan dash aaniin gidazhiikewin ge-izhi-gashkichigemagakiban maajitaamagak gidizhichigewin.
• Nisinoon ge-izhisegiban:

Gidizhichigewin ayaamagan akiing gaa-dibenjigaadeg

Awe gaa-dibendang izhichigewin odibendaan gaye iwe aki gaa-dazhi-ayaamagak gemaa inaakonigewining o-gii-onji-ozhibii’aan ji-bagidiniwed bakaan gaa-dibendang GHG ji-odaapinigaadegin imaa.

Izhichigewin ayaamagan Ishkoniganing gemaa Dazhiikewin gaa-dibendang iwe aki

Awe dazhiikewin izhichigewin odibendaan gaye iwe aki gaa-dazhi-ayaamagak gemaa inaakonigewining o-gii-onji-ozhibii’aan ji-bagidiniwed bakaan dazhiikewin GHG ji-odaapinigaadegin imaa.Izhichigewin ate imaa akiing gaa-dibendang Akiikaan Ogimaa gaye dash gaa-aabajitoowaad Anishinaabeg ji-gii’osewaad

Izhichigewin ate imaa akiing gaa-dibendang Akiikaan Ogimaa gaye dash gaa-aabajitoowaad Anishinaabeg ji-gii’osewaad

Bizaanigo GHG ji-odaapinamowaad gemaa ji-baginidamowaad o-da-dibendaan Akiikaan Ogimaa baamaa ikidong bakaan. Dazhiikewinan o-daa-nagishkawaawaan Akiikaan Ogimaan gemaa Gaanada Ogimaan ji-bagidinindwaa GHG ji-odaapinamowaad gemaa nawach bangii ji-bagidinamowaad. Wedi BC Akiikaaning, owe izhinikaadewan “Ishpimin Wenizhishing Ji-wiiji-miininding Ikidowinan”.

4C. Ezhiseg gaye Izhichigewin Ge-izhiseg

• Amii owe ge-izhiseg (ezhiseg bizhishig) da-wiinde aaniin ge-inaka-migak gaye ini GHG ge-bagidinigaadeg ge-gii-izhisegiban giishpin gaawiin izhichigenaaniwanzinog iwe gaaban ganedat izhichigewin.
• Owe izhichigewin ge-izhiseg dibaajimom aaniin ge-doodamowaad gaye aaniin minik GHG nawach bangii ge-bagidinamowaad ge-odaapinamowaad imaa gaaban ganedat izhichigewining, gaa-inaakonigeng.

4D. Ji-gikenjigaadeg Ge-onjiimagak Gegoon, Ge-godaawishkaag gaye Nibi Gaa-gii-giba’igaadegiban

Ge-onjiseg Gegoon

Ge-izhi-bagidinigaadeg GHG gaa-naagwasinog ishpiming onji. Daabishkoo gaa-jaagideg waasiganibimide dinookaan gemaa aki miijim.

Gaa-odaapinigaadeg GHG ishpiming

Ge-izhi-odaapinigaadeg GHG gaa-naagwasinog ishpiming onji. Daabishkoo gii-odaapinigaadeg gaye gaa-ganawenjigaadeg iwe gaa-bagidanaamoying gitigaaning gaye mitigong gaye azhashkiing gaa-onjiimagak.

Ge-izhi-ayaamagak wenizhishing

Mii imaa ge-izhi-maawaji’oomagakiban gaye ganawenjigaadegiban gaye ge-izhi-bagidinigaadegibaniin GHG gaa-naagwasinog. Daabishkoo gitigaanan mitigoog gaye azhashki.

• Ozhibii’an gakina ge-onjiimagakiban gaa-naagwasinog gaye gaa-odaapinigaadeg ishpiming gaye gaa-izhi-ayaag wenizhishing imaa gidizhichigewining gaa-izhibii’igaadeg offset inaakonigewining.
• Iwe inaakonigewin da-ikidoomagan wegonen ge-bagijiseg ishpiming ge-dagonigaadesinog imaa GHG zagakibii’igaadeg giishpin gaa-onjiimagak izhi-izhisesinog izhichigewin.

4E. Gaye Giiyaabi

• Izhichigewin gaa-dibendang da-waabanda’iwe e-gashkitood nawach bangii GHG ji-bagidinang gaawiin dash daa-gii-gashkichi-gaadesinoon giishpin ayaamagazinog iwe izhichigewin, geyaabi.
• Gaawiin izhichigenaaniwanzinoon gaa-anokaadamowaad ogo izhichigewining gaa-doodamowaad gaye ji-inaakonindwaa.
• Aanind gaaban ganedat izhichigewinan awe izhichigewin gaa-dibendang da-waaban-da’iwe aaniin ezhisemaganinig odizhichigewin aaniish zanagise ji-doodaming ngoding.

4F. Ge-izhichigeng Ji-onji-maanzhisesinog Ozhiitaawin

• Aanind izhichigewinan nawach niibiwa gaa-odaapinamowaad gaye gaa-ganawendamowaad gaa-bagidanaamowing daabishkoo gaa-ayaamagak gitigaaning, mitigong, azhashkiing gaye asiniing, igi izhichigewinan gaa-dibendamowaad o-daa-naagadawaabandaanaa-waa giishpin naagach ge-bagidinigaadegwen iwe gaa-bagidanaamong ishpiming gikenjigaadesinog noongom ji-izhiseg niigaan.
• Ge-izhichigeng ji-onji-maanzhisesinog Ozhiitaawining gi-daa-wiindaan aaniin ge-izhichigeng ji-izhisesinog iwe.
• Mii ono ge-maanzhisegibaniin mitigwaki izhichigewining: zakideg gemaa manijooshag amwaawaad mitigoo’ gemaa gichi-nooding.

4G. Aanjisewin

• Giishpin andawenjigaadeg gegoon gemaa gegoon izhiseg bakaan inake jibwaa-maajitaamagak izhichigewin mii iwe aanjisewin. Nawach niibiwa GHGs da-bagidinigaadewan bakaan inake. Daabishkoo nawach bangii mitigokenaaniwang ngoji miinawa dash nawach niibiwa mitigokeng ngoji bakaan.
• Gikendamog niigaan aaniin iwe ge-onji-izhisegiban, niigaan ji-gikendameg maagizhaa aanjiseg gegoon.

4H. Gagwe-gikendaagwak nawach bangii GHGs ji-bagijisegin

• Atoon imaa aaniin enendameg minik bangii GHG ge-bagijisegin gemaa ge-odaapinigaadegin imaa izhichigewining onji, gaa-inaako-nigeng gaye gaa-ayizhiing GHG offset inaakonigewin aabadak. Gaa-gikendaasod gemaa izhichigewin gaa-wiijitwaad gaa-gikendang dibaabanjigewin o-da-gikendaan owe.

5. Izhichigenaaniwang

Owe gaaban ganedat izhichigewin da-bimiwijigaade biminizha’igaadeg offset system gaye inaakonigewin. Amii owe nawach bangii GHGs ji-bagijisegin gemaa ji-odaapinigaa-degin gaye dash ji-maawadoonigaadeg gikendaasowin gaye ji-ganawenjigaadeg zagakibii’igewin (ji-dibaabanjigaadeg) gaye ji-ikidong debwe iwe minik e-bagijiseg gemaa e-odaapinigaadeg. Dibaabanjigewin iwe gii-maawadoonigaadeg gikendaasowin gaye gii-dibaabanjigaadeg aan minik GHG nawach bangii ebagijiseg gemaa wedaapinigaadeg izhichigewining onji, gaye minik gaaban

6. Naagajicchigewin

Iwe GHG nawach bangii gaa-bagijiseg gemaa gaa-odaapinigaadeg dibaabanjigaade izhichigeng gaa-gii-inaakonigeng offset imaa. Daa-aabajichigaade gikendaasowin iwe izhichigewin gaa-izhichigemagak (minik waasiganibimide, waasigan, gitigaan miijim, minik mitigokewin, gaye godak) gaye gaa-bagijiseg ishpiming daa-onji-gikenjigaade minik GHG ge-bagijisegin. Aanind nake, gaa-daataanginigaadeg aabadan ji-gikenjigaadeg owe bagijisewin. Ji-gikenjigaadeg GHG gaa-bagijiseg gaye gaa-odaapinigaadeg imaa azhashkiing gaa-izhi-gitigeng gemaa mitigokewining dibaabanjigaa-de moozhag gaye gaa-daataanginigaadeg aabadan. Bagijisewining eyaamagakin aabajichigaade ji-ondinigaadeg giken-daasowin ezhichigeng (daabishkoo aan minik bimide gaye waasigan gemaa gitigaan miijim e-aabadak GHG ji-onji-bagijiseg.

Offset izhichigewining nawach niibiwa gaa-izhi-ganawenjigaadeg gaa-bagidanaamowing imaa gitigaaning, mitigong, azhashkiing asiniing daa-naagajitoonaawaa giishpin nepich ji-onji-odaapinigaadegin GHGs megwaa izhiseg izhichigewin gaye ishkwaaseg credit. Izhichigewin naagajichigewin ozhiitaawin owe daa-izhichigemagan:

• Daa-maawadoonigaade gaye daa-naagajichigaade gikendaasowin
• Daa-dibaadode aaniin ge-ondinigaadeg gegoon gaye gaa-odaapinigaadeg ishpiming gaye gegoon ge-izhi-ayaamagak wenizhishing.

7. Dibaajimong

Dibaajimong da-onji-gikenjigaade aaniin ezhiseg gaye ji-debwema-gakin GHG offsets izhichigewinan gaaban ganedat izhichigewining. Izhichigewin gaa-dibendang da-dibaajimo bizhishig ezhi-debwema-ganinig odizhichigewin imaa offset system gaa-naagajitood ji-ondizid ini gaaban ganedat. Da-ozhibii’igaade imaa gaaban ganedat inaakonigewining aaniin ge-izhi-dibaajimod awe izhichigewin gaa-dibendang.

8. Debweyendamowin

Da-onizhishin ji-debwetaagooyin ji-minoseg iwe offset izhichigewin gaye ji-minwendamowaad debwe gwayak e-izhichigemagak gidizhichigewin gii-dibaajimoyin. Apii awe izhichigewin gaa-dibendang bimiwidood izhichigewin (maagizhaa ango-biboon), mii ge-izhi-anokii’aad gaa-gikendaasonid bakaan gaa-onjiinid ji-ganawaabandang iwe izhichigewin ji-ozhibii’-ang dash enendang debwewin owe ji-ikidod:

• Weweni gii-izhichigemagan iwe gaaban ganedat izhichigewin e-gii-biminizha-igaadeg inaakonigewin imaa gaaban ganedat izhichigewin onji.
• Minik GHG gaa-bagijiseg gemaa gaa-odaabinigaadeg debwemagan.

Awe izhichigewin gaa-dibendang gii-dibaajimo dibaginjigewin gaye godak izhichigewin zagakibii’igewin imaa Debweyendamowining. Iwe gaaban ganedat izhichigewin inaakonigewinan ikidoomaganoon aaniin mayaa endawendaagwak ji-izhi-debweng, gaye aan minik bemi-inanokii-waad gaye epiichi-gikendaasowaad gemaa godak ezhi-nagajitoo-waad gaa-anokiiwaad imaa Debwyendamowining.

9. Gaaban ganedat Gaa-miigiweng

Apii awe gaaban ganedat izhichigewin gaa-naagajitood gakina izhichigewin inaakonigewinan gii-biminizha’igaadewan inendang, o-da-miinaawaan ini izhichigewin gaa-dibendamonid ini GHG gaaban ganedatan. Mii enaakonigeng imaa gaaban ganedatan awe gaa-naagajichiged o-daa-azhenaanan aanind ganedatan gaa-gii-ozhi’oomagakin imaa izhichigewining gikendaasowin gaa-izhi-ganawenjigaadeg gemaa ini ganedatan gaa-ayaagin maagizhaa gaawiin naabishkanzigwaa igi izhichigewin gaa-dibendamowaad ayaasigwaa ini gaaban ganedatan. Awe gaa-naagajichiged o-da-onji-odaapinaan imaa ji-naabishkang ganedatan imaa gaaban ganedat izhichigewin gaa-gii-izhi-mikamowaad naagach gaawiin e-onzhishinzingin.

10. Adaawaadegin Ganedatan

Aanawi adaawaadegin gaaban ganedatan inendaagwan iwe ishkwaawaach imaa offset gii-izhichigeng, gi-daa-nisidawinaam wiiba awenen ge-adaawed ganedatan aaniin minik gaye, aaniin minik ge-diba’igewaad endaso-minik ganedat.

Aaniish daa-aanjise aaniin enagindegin ini gaaban ganedatan meshkwach niigaan adaaweng da-minose apiichi gagwe-adaawaageng ji-gagwe-ishpaginjigeng. Gaaban ganedatan daa-adaawaagaadewan awe gaa-aabajitood gaaban ganedatan gemaa nisaw ge-izhi-dagwiipan adaawaagewinini. Adaawaageng imaa adaawaagewininiing mii awe ge-mikawaad ge-adaawenid. Adaawaageng dibinawe imaa gaa-wii-adaawed nawach da-zanagan ji-mikawindwaa gaa-wii-adaawewaad gaye ji-mikigaadeg ge-izhi-minwendamowaad gakina, nawach dash niibiwa daa-inaginjigaade ganedat.

Ta’n nuta’q: wiaqa’tasik ta’n wenji’kuo’m greenhouse gas elukwasik

Ki’l wutan na ktu’tla’tiket aqq kiskaje’k wjit offset elukwasik. Ta’n wije’tik koqowey teluwe tela’sik. Ta’n ketlamite’tasik wjit teliaq ta’n carbon weteliket aqq offset elukwasik jiptuk kisi apoqnmtew el’tasik aqq kisitasik ta’n technical kejitasik nuta’q ta’n wiaqa’tasik greenhouse gas (GHG) offset elukwasik.

1. Ta’n meknasik wjit offset system aqq ta’n koqowey menuwaqtasik

Te’s e’tasiw ala’toq ta’n nuta’q wjit wiaqa’lsin, na kulaman nuta’q wjit ankaptasik te’sik koqowey etek wjit ki’l eltasik teltek aqq ta’n tett tetew.

Weskunmin ta’n wen jiptuk poqateltew ki’l offset telawtik nuta’q ankaptasin ta’n tujiw meknmin ula teltek offset system. Ta’n tujiw ki’l elukwasik teltek jutey ankuwa’sik wejapesit, kutey biodiversity kisna ta’n wikit ikatk, jiptuk kisa’tew ta’n poqatelasik wjit ta’n telmnuweket wen. Ta’n te’sik etek wejiaq offset system eliaq wjit ta’n etek poqatelmk jiptuk ankuwa’itew wjit meski’k GHG emitters wjit ta’n te’s nuta’q koqowey. Jijuiwaqa ta’n te’sik aqq nuta’q, offset te’sik kisi’sik wjit compliance poqatelasik jiptuk wjit atelk telowtik eliaq wjit wen poqatel kutukwau.

Ta’n offset system ki’l mekenmin nuta’q weskunmin tela’sik etek wjit ki’l nuta’n offset lukwaqn teltek.

Ankaptmin ta’n teltek offset nut’aq wejiaq ta’n koqowey telukutijik aqq ankaptmin ki’l koqowey nuta’q welteskmin nut’aq wjit offset system aqq kutey koqowey teltek tela’sik.

2. Ilajuktmin na Offset Elukwsaik

Ta’n ikanite’tmin tela’sik wjit offset jiptuk nuta’q tele’k aqq wetnu’kwalsik; katu, ula tela’sik jiptuk apiqntew wela’sik wjit ula elukwasik. Etekl offset system ta’n ikana’tu’tij jiptuk nuta’tew elukwasik proponents wjit piskwa’toq ta’n elukwasik ta’n kis’ kisa’tasik nasiwi’kasultijik.

3. Ta’n Ankaptasik

Etekl ta’n offset system ikana’toq nuta’q elukwasik proponents wjit wiaqa’toq ta’n asite’asik wjit suwa’tn, ta’n nekm elukwatoq wjit elukwasik koqowey wjit tepaqa’tasik ki’s wjit elukwasik nasiwi’kusit.  Ta’n teluwet ika’tew ta’n telte’tk wjit ta’n kisa’toq proponents wjit ika’tn ta’n nuta’q ika’tasin ta’n nuta’q aqq ta’n telte’tmin wula’sin ta’n kisi tasik koqowey ta’n te’sik GHG offset te’sik etek ta’n pianmiaq.

Pukwelkl ta’n elukwasik nuta’q ankaptasin, ta’n teluwejik jiptuk kisi apoqntew ta’n ika’tasik welte’tasik wjit ta’n kisa’tew ta’n telte’tasik piamiaq (aqq jiptuk apoqntew suliewey wjit ula lukwaqn), kutey ula lukwaqn proponent mu wesunmuk ki’s ta’n tela’sik wjit offset elukwasik. Ula ta’n elukwasik proponent nuta’q tlukwen wjit wenl mekenatl aqq apankituwatl wjit na’tuwan piluey wjit ankaptasik. Na ta’n telukutijik wjit telipia’tijik wjit kutey offset system aqq lukwaqn teltek, wjit ta’n wela’sik GHG accounting nuta’q nmknasin.

4. Registration wjit Elukwasik wjit ula Offset System

Msit system ta’n nuta’q elukwasik wjit kisa’toq ula teltek kutey koqowey wjit elukwasik wjit ula nasiwi’kusit wen uka wi’katikn. Ta’n tela’tasik aqq koqowey nuta’q wjit nasiwi’kusin wjit elukwasik na pilu’tetew wjit system, katu nuta’q koqowey ula kisi wiaqatek.

4A. Likwaqn ta’n kaqiwikasik

• wiaqtek ta’n eltasik teltek, ta’n ett etek, GHG wjit nisa’sin kisna jikla’tasin, ta;n tujiw poqjiaq aqq ta’n koqowey nuta’q e’wasin.

4B. Ta’n asite’tasik wjit GHG ejikla’tasik

• Na offset eltasik proponent nuta’q tlukwen wjit ta’n asite’tasik (ta’n alsutasik kisna tplutaqn) wjit GHG emission nisa’tasik kisna ejikla’tasik aqq wjit offset tes’ik eltasik wejiaq ta’n kisitasik.
• Ula na mawi nuta’q kulaman mu wen ikanilukwatuk tmk claim wjit nisa’tasik mesinmi’tij aqq kulaman mu ekitmit’ij ta’pu.
• Etekl ta’n apankitasik jiptuk claim ta’n asite’tasik wjit msit kisna ta’n wjit ejikla’tasik kaplno’l suliewey wjit elukwasik, kulaman wen nestitew ta’n wejiaq kaplno’l sulewey ta’n pemi lukwasik tla’sitew wjit wen suwa’tn offset system.
• Ika’tasik ta’n asite’tasik wjit GHG nisa’tasik kisna ejikla’tasik aqq wjit ta’n tela’sik offset te’sik jiptu tlipije’k, katu nuta’q na wutan poqjisuwa’tn ta’n asite’tasik ta’n asite’tasik poqjiaq ta’n poqji tasik koqowey.
• Etekl ne’sikl ta’n newte’ teltekl kisitla’sik:

Ta’n eltasik maqamikow mu ta’n pasik wen kisi liet

Ula eltasik proponent ta’n maqamikow wen alsut kisna weskunk teluwek alsut kisa’matultijik wjit maqamikem ta’n asite’tasik GHG ejikla’tasik kisna emission nisa’sik wejiaq koqowey wjit maqamikow.

Elkuwasik l’nuwe’katik maqamikow kisna mawamikow alsutk ula wutann

Ula elukwasik proponent na wutann kisna ta’n tplutaqn kisa’matultijik wjit wutann ta’n eliaq teli asite’tasik wjit GHG ejikla’tasik kisna emission ejikla’tasik wejiaq koqowey maqamikow.

Kowowey ta’n l’u’k kepmite’tasik territory wjit Crown Maqamikow

Ta’n asite’tasik wjit GHG ejikla’tasik kisna emission pemi mna’tasik etek wjit Crown misoqo eliaq se’k. Wutann nuta’q juku’wan ta’n kisa’matultijik wjit provincial kisna federal kaplno’l wjit tla’tiken staqa kisi suwa’tn wjit GHG ejikla’tasik kisna emission ejikla’tasik. Ta’n BC, ula kisa’matultijik na teluisultijik “Atomspheric Wejapesit ta’n Naskwa’tu’tij Kisa’matultijik.”

4C. Baseline ta’n tla’sitew aqq elukwasik kisi tla’sin

• Na baseline kisi tla’sik (elt telijijitasik-ta’n-ke’s tela’sik case) na teluwek wjit tela’sik koqowey aqq GHG ta’n ala’toq koqowey wjit mu wiaqa’tn offset lukwaqn.
• Ta’n elukwasik kisi tla’sin keknuwa’tikek wjit koqowey aqq ta’n teluwek wjit GHG emission mena’tasik kisna ejikla’tasik ta’n mesnmi’tij wejiaq offset elukwasik, teluwek offset ta’n tela’sik.

4D. Ta’n keknuwa’tiken koqowey wejiaq, we’tapa’q, aqq reservoirs

Ta’n wejiasq

Ta’n tela’sik tewa’toq GHGs ika’toq ula atmosphere. Ta’n wejiaq kisi ika’tasitew fuel combustion kisna fertilizer e’wasik.

Wketapaq’

Ta’n tla’asik teli jikla’tasik GHGs wejiaq ula atmosphere. Kwetapaq’ elt mesinmi’tij aqq kelnasik wjit carbon wasuwek nikwek, stoqn aqq tupkwan.

Reservoir

Na component ta’n te’sik wjit mawta’sik, kelnmi’tij aqq tewa’toq GHGs. Reservoirs kisi wiaqtetew wasuwekiktuk, stoqn aqq tupwaniktuk.

• Wiaqa’te’n msit koqowey kutey greenhouse gas wejiaq, kwetapaq’ aqq reservoirs wjit elukwasik koqowey ta’n teluwek offset telmnuweke’tij.
• Ta’n nuta’q jiptuk asite’tew koqowey wjit emissions wejiaq jikla’tasin wejiaq GHG ekitasik ta’n wejiaq ma tala’asinuk wejiaq ta’n elukwasik telukutijik.

4E. Ankuwa’tasik

• Ta’n elukwasik proponent nuta’tew tla’tiken ta’n ula GHG ejikla;tasik kisa’toq wejiaq elukwasik mu nuta’nuk ika’qn mu wiaqtenuk elukwasik, i.e. na ankuwa’sik.
• Ta’n panta’toq koqowey wjit ankuwa’sik koqowey elukwasik telukutijik ta’n mu kejitu’tik tela’tasik kisna nuta’q wejiaq tela’sik.
• Ta’n etekl offset systems na alsumsit ta’n elukwasik proponant wjit knuwa’tuwan tela’sik ankuwa’sik mita etekl ta’n kisa’toq naqa’sik ta’n ketu’ wiaqa’tasik.

4F. Ta’n Wesuwa’toq tla o’ol’tesk ta’n tele’sik ketu tlukutijik.

• wjit koqowey elukwasik wenaqa’sik ta’n mesini’tijkelnasik wjit carbon wasuwekituk, stoqniktuk, tupkwan, kisna geologic koqowey eltasik, eltasik proponents nuta’tew ankaptasin ta’n kisi tla’asin wjit carbon tuwa’tasitew atmosphere wjit ta’n mu nemitasinuk koqowey tela’sik.
• Ta’n jiptuk tla’sin ta’n ikana’sik wiaqtek ta’n teluwek ta’n enkatasik aqq ankaptasik koqowey wjit ejikla’sik ta’n kisi tla’sin.
• Kutey ta’n kisi tla’sitew wjit nipuktuk tela’sik ta’n koqowey nipuktuk eltasik wjit koqowey kutey puktew, jujijk pukwelkik kisna ta’n tujiw wesu’sik.

4G. Wespekiaq

• Wespekiaq ta’n tujiw ika’q koqowey kisna menuweket ankmayu wjit koqowey wjit teliaq liaqn se’k ta’n tujiw ika’tasik ketu’ wiaqa’tasik. Ula kisa’toq wenaqa’toq wjit GHGs se’k liaqn. Ta’n koqowey kutey kisa’toq nisa’sik nipukt telikwenasik wjit newte’ nipuktuk telikwenasik se’k lian.
• Ankaptasik koqowey kis’atoq wjit elukwasik ta’n kisa’tew ula tela’sik ta’n wespekiaq.

4H. Kite’n ta’n GHG ejikla’tasik.

• Wiaqa’tue’n ta’n ula GHG ejikla’sik kisna mena’tasik ta’n kisa’toq wejiaq koqowey, wejiaq ta’n tplutaqn aqq methodologies wjit GHG offset tela’sik.  Pipanikesin kisna elukwasik ta’n toqilukwatu’tij wjit ta’n nenk ta’n asite’tasik wjit enkatasik.

5. Wiaqa’tasik

Ula offset elukwasik elketnasik wije’tik ta’n tplutaqn wjit offset system aqq ta’n koqowey nuta’q. Ula wiaqtek ta’n koqowey nuta’q nisa’tn kisna jikla’tn GHGs, katu elt ta’n mawte’mi’tij koqowey aqq siawi lukwatu’tij koqowey nuta’q (enkatasik aqq mawkijasik) aqq ankaptasik wjit jikla’tasin kisna mna’tasin. Ta’n asite’tasik teli pijiaq wjit mawte’k aqq ekitk te’sik ula GHG ejikla’toq kisna mena’toq mesnmi’tij wjit koqowey el’tasik aqq, katu, te’sik kisitasik.

6. Monitoring

Ula GHG emission ejikla’tasik kisna ejikla’tasik na te’sik e’wasik ta’n ika’tasik wjit meknmi’tij offset tela’sik. Ula wiaqtek e’wasik koqowey wjit el’tasik koqowey (te’sik fuel, electricity kisna fertilizer e’wasik, te’sik timber harvested, etc.) aqq emission te’sik wjit koqowey wjit ankaptasik te’sik wjt GHGs emitted ta’n tela’sik. Emissions koqowey wetaqne’wasik e’wasik wjit kuwaska’toq te’sik wjit koqowey teliaq (e.g., te’sik wjit fuel wesuwa’tasik, te’sik electricity e’wasik kisna te’sik wjit fertilizer ika’tasik) wjit GHG emission ekitasik. Piluwey koqowey, kampu’tl ta’n telpitik wjit e’wasik estimate emissions. Ula ta’n tela’sik ankite’tasik ta’n te’sik GHG emission aqq ejikla’tasik wejiaq ta’n koqowey nikwenasik maqamikow kisna nipuktuk koqoqwy nikwek wiaqtek wjit te’sk kaqi’sk enkatasik aqq computer modeling.

Offset elukwasik ta’n wiaqatek wenaqa’toq ta’n wejiaq kelnmi’tij carbon wasuwekiktuk, stoqn, tupkwan kisna geological kisitasik nuta’q ankaptasik wjit permance ula GHG ejikla’tasik ta’n tujiw pemiaq elukwasik nuta’q iknumuwan kaqiaq. Ta’n e’wasik wjit ankaptasik ta’n tla’sitew ikana’tasik wiaqtek:

• Ta’n tela’sik wjit mawita’mk aqq ikana’toq koqowey
• Teluwek ta’n tela’tmk koqowey, kwetapa’q aqq reservoirs ankaptasitew

7. Keknuwa’tikek

Keknuwa’tiket asite’tk wjit kuwaska’tasik aqq ta’n tela’sik wjit GHG offsets elukwasik wjit offset system. Ula elukwasik proponents nuta’q te’sk piskwa’tn elukwasik knuwa’tasin wjit offset system ikana’toq wjit kisa’toq mesink offset koqowey wejapesit. Keknuwa’tiket nuta’q ika’tasik wjit offset system nuta’q.

8. Ta’n teluwet tela’sik

Ta’n Keknuwa’toq ta’n nuta’q wjit suwa’tn te’sik aqq integrity wjit offset elukwasik, aqq kisa’toq wela’sik wjit ta’n tela’sik eltasik keknuwa’taqatijik.  Ne’wt elukwasik proponent ta’n tela’tasik wjit ta’n kutey te’sikwjit ta’n tele’k (ke’s na’tami mu atelknuk aqq newtipunkek), na ta’n elukwasik nuta’q lukowulnin ta’n kisa’toq, newtuwilukwet nenat ta’n Kejitoq te’sik wjit knuwa’tn:

• ta’n offset eltasik kisi ika’tasik wjit ta’n ikani ankaptasik aqq tupltaqn wjit offset system.
• ta’n te’sik GHG ejikla’tasik kisna mena’tasik mesnmi’tij na tepaqtek.

Ula kisitasik proponants ika’tasik te’s ankaptasik koqowey aqq piluwey elukasik ta'n te’sik kisi Ankaptsitew wjit ula tinin. Ula offset system tplutaqn na ula ankaptitew ta’n nuta’q, kutey ula tela’sik aqq professional nuta’q kisna accreditation ta’n Ankaptik te’sik tinin njuta’q ika’tn.

9. Credit Issuance

Ne’wt offset system ikana’toq na welte’tk system tplutaqn kisi majukwalut, nekmuk kisi ika’taq GHG offset te’sik ika’tasik eltasik proponent.  Teluwejik ula offset system tplutaqn, na program ikana’toq jiptuk kl’nitew ta’n teltek te’sik ula eltasik wejiaq ta’n pitek buffer pool kisna environment integrity account. Ula program ikana’toq suwa’tew wejiaq pool wjit ilitn apankitasik ika’toq wejiaq offset system ta’n elmiaq we’jitasin mu klu’kn.

10. Metuwi’skasik wjit Credits

Katu ta’n metuwi’skasik offset kisi nmitasitew ta’n kaqiaq tela’sik wjit tela’sik ta’n wen kisa’tew teliaq, wela’sik wjit nestasik ta’n tujiw poqjiaq elukwasik tmk ta’n wen poqateltew credits, ta’n te’sik credits koqteltaq, aqq ta’n telowtik apankitaq te’s newte’ credit.

Mita offset credit telowtik kisi piluwa’sitew, etek ta’n kisi suwa’tew ta’n iknmwetoq-wjit telowtik poqatelasik na wesku’tasik ikana’sik, aqq kutu amkuwat ta’n mawi wulowtukwen. Offset credits na kisamkuwatis ta’n wen e’wk offset credit kisna ta’n maliaptik broker kisna wholesaler. Metuwi’setu’n ta’n agent nuta’q telukwet wjit kwlujik poqatel’mi’tij wjit market. Metuwi’sketoq wjit amkmayu nuta’q me’ lukwaqn wjit we’jiujik poqatelmi’tij aqq wesku’tasik koqowey mituwi’sketasik, katu jiptuk asite’tew credit tuwi’skasin me’ ajowtik.

pikocitaw kîkwâya ta-âpatâkwâw: pîcipiwin-ithîwîna iskonikâtîwi ispathiwinis

kîspin kîstawâw ki-nohtî- iskonikâtîwi-ispathiwinisinâwâw, ikoni piko ta-nawasiwâtamihk pimohtîwina. Kakî-wîcihikok ôma mîna ôki ka-tâpakwîthîtâkosocik otatoskîwak i-nakacîhtâcik pakitatâmowini-atâwîwina ikwa asici ispathiwinisihk katawâ ta-isi-itohtâk âwinak ôhi pîcipiwin-ithîwîna (GHG) iskonikâtîwi ispathiwinis.

1. ka-nawasônîn ka-iskonikâtîk ispathiwin ikwa pikocitaw-itohtamowin

kâhkithaw ôhi iskonikâtîk ispathiwin pîtos, mâka ka-nawasônîn anima ka-iskonikâtîk ispathiwin ikwa pikocitaw-itohtamowin îsi ka-isi-nahiskâkoyan kîthawâw kihci ikwa îta ka-wîkihik.

mithwâsin ta-kiskîthîtaman âwina kawî-atâmisk ka-iskonikâtîki-masinahikîwina. kîspin kitiskonikâtî ispathiwin mithwâsin kici askîhko-pimâtisiwinihk âhpô pisisikîwi-kitâpâcikîwinihk, ta-mithonamwak aniki ka-atâwîcik mostatoskîwi-âsiwi-atâwîwinihk. misi-otatoskîwinkamikwa mîna takî-atâwîwak kîspin kinawasiwâtîn kâhkithaw wathasiwîwina. ka-iskwastîk ikwa ka-isi-nitawîthîcikâtîk ôhi iskonikâtîk-masinahikîwinihk kwayask nawaci takî-mistakîtîw mîna nîtî mostatoskîwinihk.

anima iskonikâtîwi-ispathiwin kanawasônaman piko ta-ayâmakâk pikocitaw-itohtamowin.

kanwâpahta anima pikocitaw-itohtamowin ka-mithwâsik kîthawâw ka-isi-itohtamîk ikwa kîcinâho kâhkithaw kîkwây i-nawasowâtamîk  ôhi iskonikâtîwi-ispathiwin ikwa pikocitaw-itohtamowin.

2. ka-isi-wâpahtaman iskonikâtîwi-ispathiwin

mitoni kinwîskm ôma ta-atoskâcikâtîk kispin kinohtî-mâcihipahinâwâw ikwa îtwîkân, mâka kîspin kâhkithaw kinawasowâtîk ôhi pimohtîwina mionti ta-mithwatoskîmakan. âtiht oki iskonikâtîwi-ispathiwin-pimipathîcikiwak ta-nitawithimîwak otatoskîwa ta-pitisahâmithit masinahikan îta ka-masinahikâtîk tânisi i-wî-isi-itohtamîhk ôma i-mwayi-mâcihtâyik.

3. akîtin

âtiht ôhi iskonikâtîwi-ispathiwini-okimâwak  nitawîthimîwak otatoskîwa ta-sâpôtî-wâpâcikâtîki kotak ohci awînak piskîc i-kaskîtât ikwa mîna asici ka-ayât kiskinwahamâtowasinahikan ta-kanawâpahtâk mahti tâpwî kimasinahikana. ikwa kotak ka-nihkâniskâk okimâw ta-kihtwâmi-kinwâpahtam wîsta kimasinahikana ikwa ki-pikocitaw-itohtamowina ikwa takî-kaskîtâw ta-mithopathiki anihi GHG iskonikâtîwi-masinahikîwina.

osâm piko kâhkithaw ikosi ôhi piko kanawâpahcikâtîki, mâka, akîtin ta-wîcihimakan ta-mithonâhkwâk kitatoskiwin  ikwa kakî-osihtân masinahikîwina ( ikwa mîna kakî-wîcihikoyan sôniyânihk), kîspin oskâyi-otatoskiw ana ka-atoskâtâk ôm îtho iskonikâtîwi-ispathiwin. otatoskîw ana ta-nawasônîw otatoskiwa ikwa asici ta-tipawîw aniki nîkâni-okimâwa. otatoskîwikamikwa kinwîs ka-pî-ayâcik âsay ôta ikwa asic mistahi âsay ka-nakacihtâcik ôm îtho takî-nawasônihcik.   

4. masinahosowin ôma ka-atoskâcikâtîk iskonikâtîwi-ispathiwin

kâhkithaw ôhi ispathîwina piko otatoskîw ta-itât ta-mîkit nistohtamowin ohci kitatoskâcikâtîwinihk nîta masinahosowinihk. kâhkithaw pîtos masinahosowinikwa itastîwa mâka âtiht ôhi takî-astiwa:

4A. Itatoskiwin iskwastîk

• tânisi kawî-isi-itohtamanîk, îta kawî-itohtamîk, GHG iskôpathikîwina âhpo wîkatînikwîwin, tânispihk kawî-mâcihtâyîk ikwa kîkwây picitaw-itohtamowin i-wî-âpacihtâyîk.

4B. ka-iskonamâkawiyan ôma GHG iskôpathikîwina

• iskonikâtîki ispathiwinis otatoskîw ta-kiskinôtahât piko iskonamâkîwin (tipîcikîwin âhpô mîthikowin) GHG pîcipiwi-pakitatâmowin âhpô iskôpathikîwina ikwa iskopathîwini-masinahikîwina ka-isihtât anima ispathiwinis.
• mithwâsin ôma îkâ ta-mawanîskâkawiyan piyakwan anihi GHG iskôpathikîwina ikwa îkâ nîswâw ta-âkihcikâtîki.
• âtiht ôhi sôniyâwi-mîthikîwina ka-kakwî-akihtamok kâhkithaw âhpô pâki iskôpathikîwina ka-kaskîtâyik, mithwâsin ta-nistôcikâtîk tânisi wathasowîwin sôniyâwa ka-isi-pakitinâcik ôki okimânâhk kakî-pakamiskâkoniwâw ka-isi-ispathik.
• ta-osihtâyik ôma iskonamâkawin kici GHG iskôpathikîwina ikwa wîkatînikwîwina ikwa anihi ka-isi-iskopathiki -masinahikîwina kinwîsîs takî-ispathin, ikwa ôma mithwâsin ta-kanwâpahcikâtîk wipac i-mwayimâcihtâyik.
• nisto ôhi ikoni itohtamowina:

atoskâcikâtîwin kîspin ta-astîk îta ka-piyako-tipîthîcikâtîk askiy

atoskâcikâtîwini-otatoskîw ana otipîthîcikîw âhpô kîspin ayâw owathasowî-nistohtamowin aniki asici ka-tipîthîtamithik askiy ikwa kapakitinikot iskonamâkawin kici GHG iskôpathikîwina ikwa itohtamowin ikota askîhk.

atoskâcikâtîwin iskonikanihk âhpô kotak âwinak kîspin ka-tipîthîtâk anima askîhk ikota

atoskâcikâtîwini-otatoskîw ana anima ikota iskonikanihk âhpô owathasowî-nistohtamowin aniki asici ka-iskonikana ikwa kapakitinikot iskonamâkawin kici GHG iskôpathikîwina ikwa itohtamowin ikota askîhk.

atoskâcikâtîwin kîspin astîw ithiniwi-askîhk

iskonamâkawin kici GHG iskôpathikîwina âhpô pîcipiwi-pakitatâmowini-wîkatînikwîwina kinawahithîcikâtîwa okimâwînâhk iskô ta-âkâmâkawiyâhk. nistohtamowin piko ta-âstîk piscîci-askîhkwa âhpô okimâwînâhkaskiy ta-nôkôtâcik iskonamâkawin kici GHG iskôpathikîwina âhpô pîcipiwi-pakitatâmowini-wîkatînikwîwina. ôtî BC, isithihkâtîwa ôhi “Atmospheric Benefits Sharing Agreements”.

4C. nîkâni-itohtamowin ikwa ispathiwîwini-itohtamowin

• nîkâni-itohtamowin (isithihkâtîw asici ocitaw ka-ispathik) iyako ka-itastîk ôma icohcamowinisa ikwa GHG pîcipiwi-pimiya ka-ispathiki kiyâm îkâ ka-âpatâk iskonikâtîwini-ispathîwinisa.
• ispathiwîwini-itohtamowin iyako ka-itastîk ôma icohcamowinisa ikwa îthikôk ôhi GHG pîcipiwi-pimiya iskopathiwina âhpô wîkatînikîwina ka-kaskîtâniwiniki iskonikâtîwini-pikocitaw-itohtamowina.

4D. ta-nistawinâcikâtîkwâw anihi tânitî ohci, ta-kosâpîki, ikwa îta ka-mâmawipathik nipiy

îta ka-ohcipathik

ikwa ôma GHG ka-opipathik kîsikohk isi. kakî-ohcipathina ôhi ka-pônikâtîk pimiy âhpô ka-kistikâniwik.

ta-kosâpîkiwin

ikwa ôma mâna ka-wîkatînîmakâk GHGs kîsikohk ohci. ta-kosâpîkiwina ka-kâcitinikâtîki ikwa ka-nâscikâtîki kistikâna, mistikwak ikwa asiskiya.

îta ka-mâmawipathik nipiy

ikwa ôm ôma takî-mâmawastîw, takî-nâscikâtîw ikwa takî-pakitinikâtîw GHGs. îta ka-mâmawipathik nipiy takîastîwa kistikâna, mistikwak ikwa asiskiya.

• ikoni mîna asici pîcipiwi-wathawâpahtî-pakitatâmowina kas-ohcipathiki, ta-kosâpîki, ikwa îta ka-mâmawipathik nipiy îsi ka-itastîk iskonikâtîki-pikocitaw-itohtamowin.
• pikocitaw-itohtamowin itikwî takî-pakitinikâtîw pîcipiwin ka-wîkatînikâtîk ôta ohci GHG akihtâsowinihk kîspin îkâ i-sawanâcihcikîmakâk atoskîwin.

4E. ikwa asici

• ispathiwinisi-otatoskîw ta-kiskinwahamawât tânisi GHG iskôpathikîwina ka-kaskîtâcik ispathiwinihk mwâc takî-ispathik anima kîspin îkâ ispathiwin ikoni ôhi asici.
• ikoni mwâci asici ka-atoskâcikâtîki ispathiwina icohcamowinisa namôtha apacihcikâtîwa mistahi âhpô môtha mîna katâc ta-âpatâki.
• âtiht ôhi iskopathiwinisa piko otatoskîw ka-kiskwahamâkît tânisi ôma ispathiwin mîna asici osâm âtiht kakî-kipîtinikon kîkwâya apacihtâwini.

4F. ka-wîkatînaman mâthipathîwin

• isîcikîwininisa  ka-thâki-kâcitinikâtîk ikwa ka-nâscikâtîkwâw pakitatâmowina ohci kistikâna, mistikwak, asiskiya âhpô isi-askiy ka-itastîk, otatoskîw piko kanwâpahtâk mâthipathiwin anima pakitatâmowin kakî-pakitinikâtîw kîsikohk isi piko ici îkâ kîkwây ka-wâpacikâtîk cîskwa.
• mâthipathiwasinahikan piko ta-astîk  ta-isi-tipahikâniwik ikwa ta-isi-wâpâcikâtîki îka ta-mâthipathik.
• Ikosni tâpiskohc kîkwâya mâthipathîwina nohcimihko-isicikîwinisa tâpiskohc ka-pasitîk, manicîsak ka-osâmiyaticik âhpô ka-sikwâni-thôtîk.

4G. ocikawin

• ocikawin ôma kâ-isipthik kîspin âtastîw atoskîwin ikw âcî osâm mistahi apacihcikâtîki kîkwâya. osâm ôma opipathin ikwa GHG piskî-itî. mithwâsin anima kîspin ikosi ispathin piski itî awînak ta-nitawi-mâmawipitâk kistikâna.
• ta-isi-kiskîthîtaman kîkwây ta-asawâpâtaman ka-ocikawik.

4H. akihta anihi GHG iskopathikîwina

• mîna asici ta-akihtaman ôhi GHG iskôpathikîwina ikwa wîkatînikwîwina kawî-astîki ispathîwinisihk, ka-isi-wathawâcikâtîki ikwa ka-isi-itohcikâtîki GHG pikocitaw-itohtamowinihk. kakî-wîcihik awa awinak i-nakacihtât ta-isi-akihcikît.

5. kakî-itohtîn

iskonikâtîk ispathiwinis ôma ati-ispathin kîspin kinawasowâtîn iskonikâtîk ispathiwin ikwa pikocitaw-itohtamowin.  ikoni ôhi icohcamowinisa ta-iskôpathitâyan ikwa ta-wîkatînaman GHGs, mâka asici ka-mâmawinikâtîki ikwa ta-kitâpâcikâtîkwâw ta-isi-mithipathikwâw ôhi (tipahikîwinihk ikwa akihtâsowinihk) ikwa ta-kanawâpahcikâtîki iskôpathikîwina ikwa wîkatînikwîwina. ikosi ôma ta-itihtât awinak  ta-mâmawinâk tipahikîwina ikwa akihtâsowina tânikohk GHG iskôpathikîwina ikwa wîkatînikwîwina kakî-mâmawi-astîki ispathîwinihk ikwa, asic tânikohk masinahikîwina ka-osihcikîmakâki.

6. kanawâpahcikîwin

GHG pakitatâmowini iskôpathikîwina âhpô wîkatînikwîwina ikwa tânithikohk ka-âpatâk itohtamowina kakî-nawasônikâtîki iskopathikîwini-pikocitaw-itohtamowina. ikoni ôhi ispathiwini-icohcôcamowinisa (tânithikohk pimiy, iskotîw-pimiy âhpô asisikiy ka-âpatâk, tânithikohk mistikwa ka-itonikâtîki) ikwa pakitatâmowina mîna akihcikâtîwa tânithikohk GHG ka-wathawîpathikwâw. pakitatâmowina âpatana ka-mîskoci anihi akihtâsowina isi GHG akihtâsowina. mamâtâwi-âpacihcikan mîna âpatan ta-akihcikîmakâk. Ikoni ôhi kah-kihtwâm piko ta-akihcikâtîki.

iskonikâtîki ispathiwinisa ôhi ta-opinâkwâw asikiy nâscikiwin pakitatâmowin kistikânihk, mistikohk, asiskîhk âhpô misiwî askîhk ka-isinâhkwâk ikwa ta-kitâpâcikâtîki ôhi GHG iskopathiwina mîkwâ-ispathiwin ikwa mîna asici kîsipathiki masinahikîwinihk. pikocitaw ta-âstihk ôhi:

• itohtamowina ta-isi-mâmawinaman ikwa ta-isi-kitâpâtaman ki-isicikîwina
• tânisi ka-isi-kanawâpahcikâtîki ôhi îta ka-ohcipathik, ta-kosâpîkiwin ikwa îta ka-mâmawipathik nipiy

7. wîtamâkîwin

wîtamâkîwin pakitinamta-sâpwâpâtîthik ikwa ta-isi-nôhkwâk awinak ka-itohtâk GHG iskonikâtîki ispathiwinis îta iskonikâtîki ispathiwinihk. ta-wîtamât piko awa okimâw ta-isi-kâcininâk awinak iskopathiwi-masinahîwina. wathasiwina astîwa ta-nawasiwâtâk awinak iskopathiwini-ispathiwina pikocitaw-itohtamowina ikwa wathasowîwina.

8. ta-sâpôtî-wâpâcikâtîk

ta-sâpôtî-wâpâcikâtîk mitoni kihci-pimohtîwin ta-isi-kihcinâhot ikwa ta-mithopathik iskopathiwin ispathiwinisa ikwa ta-sohkîthîtaman ikwa ta-isi-mithopimakotîk. otatoskîw ta-pimipathîtâw ispathîwinis iskô kîsipathiki (nânitaw mâna piyak askiy), otatoskîw piko ta-atoskawât awinika i-nakacîtâthit, piskîc ohci atoskîwikamikwa ka-ayâthik kiskinwahamâkîwasinahikan ta-kanawâpahtâk:

• iskonpathiwin ispathiwinisa kî-ascikâtîw ta-nawasowâcikâtîk ikwa astîw pikocitaw-itohtamowin ikwa wathasowiwina iskonpathiwin-ispathiwina.
• tânikohk GHG iskôpathikîwina ikwa wîkatînikwîwina ka-kâcitinikâtîki nahi-tawâmok.

otatoskîw ta-kitâpâtam ikwa kotak ispathiwinisa ta-âsiwi-mîkit onîkâniwi-otatoskîwa. iskopathiwin ispathiwina wathasowiwina itastîwa ta-nawasowâcikâtîki, asici mîna ta-isi-kiskîthîtâk awinak ikwa kihci-masinahikîwini-otatoskîwak âhpô anihi onîkâniwi-otatoskîwa pikocitaw.

9. masinahikîwin-mîkiwin

kîsipathiki ôhi iskopathiwina ispathiwin okimâw mithîthîtâki kâhkithaw wathasowîwina i-kî-nawasowâcikâtîki, ta-itisahâmawiwak ispathiwini-masinahikîwina aniki otatoskîwa. kîspin iskopathiwin-ispathiwina wathasowina, okimâwatoskîw takî-miciminam anihi masinahikîwina. okimâw takî-masinahâm ikwa asici takî-masinahikîw iskonikani ispathiwina anihi îkâ katawâ ka-ispathiki.

10. ta-atâwâkît masinahikîwina

âta kî-atâwâkîwina ôhi iskonikani masinahikîwina takî-nawasowâtam iskwânihk pimohtîwina, kakî-wîcihikon ôma ta-nistohtâk awinak i-mwayi-mâcihtât ôhi ispathiwina ikwa asisi awinak i-wî-atâwît masinahikîwina, tânithikohk, ikwa tânithikohk i-wî-itakîtîki.

osâm iskopathiwini masinahikîwina kakî-mîskotakîtîwa, kakî-pîkiskwâtînâwâw mîna tanithikohk ta-itakîtîki ôhi. Iskopathi masinahikîwina kakî-atawâkân isi otatâwîwak anihi mâna ka-misi-atâwîcik kîkwâya. kakî-atâwâkân mîna asiwi-atâwîwinihk kakî-mistakîtîn mîna ohi kîskpin kitayamihtonâwâw otatâwîw asici.