National Apology Advisory Committee Report
Contents
Introduction
“The winds of change are blowing”
- Senator Calvin Ruck, Author & Historian: “The Black Battalion 1916-1920: Canada's Best Kept Military Secret”
The following report has been compiled and co-written by Mr. Russell Grosse, Executive Director of the Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia, and Lieutenant Colonel Barry Pitcher, Canadian Armed Forces, Community Engagement Lead. Both Mr. Grosse and LCol Pitcher served as leadership and coordinators of the important efforts associated with the Government of Canada’s intent to apologize to the descendants and families of No. 2 Construction Battalionn (No. 2 Construction Bn). These duties included guiding a steering committee, co-chairing the National Apology Advisory Committee, facilitating national public consultations with descendants and engaging stakeholders. This process was wholly guided by the passion and knowledge of the members from coast to coast who volunteered their time to be part of the National Apology Advisory Committee (NAAC).
Through the combined resources of the Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia and the Canadian Armed Forces, the process of engagement began in the summer of 2021. Over the last year, hundreds of descendants and individuals interested in the legacy of these brave men have offered valuable feedback. This has been reinforced through local and national awareness events and a series of virtual national consultation sessions. The information gathered has been powerful and has afforded the privilege to learn more about these men via inspiring stories from descendants. The partnership of our community and members of the Canadian Armed Forces should stand as a true example of a positive synergy toward culture change.
All levels of Government leadership have demonstrated their commitment to this interactive process to include the Government of Canada, the Province of Nova Scotia, the Town of Pictou and the Town of Truro. Collectively, they all proudly stand with us as a diverse community united by a single cause. We are very grateful to those members of the Canadian Armed Forces and our National Apology Advisory Committee for their dedication to moving us towards an apology that is hoped to be meaningful and sincere. This apology must affirm the fact to the men of No. 2 Construction Bn from Canada and abroad that indeed, “We See Them – We Honour Them”.
The true soul of this report is based on meaningful feedback and discussions held through interactive, public conversations, community events, online surveys and email correspondence. It is hoped that the key recommendations made here will shape the path forward for the Government of Canada to deliver a meaningful and impactful apology on July 9, 2022. This report is crafted to be presented to the Minister of National Defence, the Honourable Minister Anita Anand, and is not for public distribution. This report shall be treated as a rare glimpse of the pride and passion that the brave Men of No. 2. demonstrated, and will serve as a unique medium to convey their coveted legacy.
History of No. 2 Construction Bn
In August 1914, tens of thousands of men across Canada rushed to their local recruiting offices to enlist and fight in the First World War. Many Black men who attempted to join found out very quickly they also had to fight the spectre of anti-Black racism. Some men were told that “this is a white man’s war” and others that “we’ll send for you when we need you.” Throughout this appalling first contact with the military, Black Canadians were repeatedly told that many White men would simply not wish to serve alongside Black men in battle.
Over a two-year period, Black men who had attempted to enlist and Black community leaders who did not support anti-Black racism, wrote letters to the Canadian Government and Governor General of Canada. Some military officials also challenged the racist recruiting practices and proposed options to the military chain of command. Many of these attempts were in vain. By 1916 however, there was an urgent need for increased troop contributions to include military labour units. In April 1916, Canada agreed to a request from Britain to form one or two labour battalions and it was then decided that, based on public pressure at the time, one would be a Black labour battalion.
No. 2 Construction Bn was officially authorized as a military unit on July 5, 1916. Recruiting began in the Maritimes on July 19, and later during July, the Battalion became one of the few units that was allowed to recruit across the country. (See Appendix A: Soldier List). The men of No. 2 Construction Bn trained in the use of tools, tactics and equipment in large open camp areas in the Towns of Pictou and Truro, Nova Scotia. In December of 1916, the Battalion was advised to prepare for service overseas as their services were urgently needed. In late January of 1917, while it was mounting a large recruiting campaign to get the Battalion up to strength, No. 2 Construction Bn sent 250 men to New Brunswick to remove railway tracks that were urgently needed for military operations in Belgium and France.
On March 28, 1917, No. 2 Construction Bn finally sailed from Halifax, Nova Scotia on the SS Southland, and arrived in Liverpool, England on April 7. Because the Battalion had sailed with only 595 of the 1,049 officers and men required for full Battalion strength, the British War Office would not allow them to go to France. The Battalion was then reorganized as a labour company of 500 officers and men with the rest of the personnel remaining in England to serve as labour reinforcements.
On May 17, 1917, the newly renamed ‘No. 2 Canadian Construction Company’ was sent to support Canadian Forestry Corps operations in the Jura Mountains of southeast France near the Swiss border. On arrival at camp, they began intensively supporting logging operations immediately. This included operating and maintaining the water system that supplied all the camps, maintaining the roads and helping build a logging railroad. They were also involved in timber operations, helping cut the trees, hauling and then helping process them in the mills and eventually, transporting the sawn lumber to the railway station.
Lumber cut by the men of No. 2 Construction Company proved an essential requirement in the trenches and along the front lines in France. It was used for revetting the sides of trenches, duckboards for the bottom of trenches and across muddy terrain, artillery gun platforms, railway ties, ammunition boxes, accommodation huts and many more uses. Lumber from the Jura region was even used to build French fighter aircraft. The work of No. 2 Construction Company allowed the mills in Jura to produce twice as much lumber as Forestry Companies without their support. Such was the testament of their determination.
No. 2 Construction Company also supported other Canadian Forestry Corps operations. In November 1917, 50 men were sent to No. 37 Company at Péronne, France. Another 180 men went to No. 1 District at Alençon at the end of December 1917, where they performed similar work as in the Jura Mountains.
With the Armistice signed on November 11, 1918, lumber was no longer required for the war effort. No. 2 Construction Company and other Canadian Forestry Corps companies were soon sent back to England in early December 1918. Most of the men from No. 2 Construction Company then sailed for Halifax by mid-January 1919 and were dispersed back to the provinces from which they were originally recruited. The majority were discharged by the end of February 1919; and No. 2 Construction Company as a unit was officially disbanded on September 20, 1920, along with the dissolution of the Canadian Expeditionary Force.
The brave men of No. 2 Construction Company showed the pride and dedication of Black Canadians during the First World War. They wanted to serve their country overseas in the face of blatant anti- Black racism on the home front. In serving, they played an essential role in Canada’s war effort. No. 2 Construction Cpmpany remains the largest all-Black unit created in the history of Canada and was demonstrative of the voices from all Black communities across this great country.
Recognition
No. 2 Construction Bn was first commemorated at the provincial legislature in Toronto, Ontario, in July 1920 and there again September 1926. For decades, the story of No. 2 Construction Bn was a largely unknown part of Canadian history, until the curiosity of the late Senator Calvin Ruck was peaked after seeing a No. 2 Construction Bn hat badge in his travels. This launched a journey of research in the early 1980s that led to him learning more about the remarkable Battalion and their contributions. In tandem with Ruck’s research was the research being done by the son of No. 2 Construction Bn soldier William Gale in Montreal. Gale passed away in 1991 but not before he correctly identified almost 800 soldiers who had served in No. 2 Construction Bn and his research is still being built upon today.
On November 12, 1982, Senator Ruck and the Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia hosted a recognition and reunion banquet at the Lord Nelson Hotel in Halifax, Nova Scotia for the surviving No. 2 Construction Bn veterans of the First World War. Senator Ruck was so moved from the experiences shared from this event that he then went on to write The Black Battalion 1916–1920: Canada’s Best-Kept Military Secret (1986). This book details the story of No. 2 Construction Bn and profiles its veterans with very personal and moving stories. It is considered the cornerstone of the lasting legacy of No. 2 Construction Bn and remains in print today with several revised editions having been released.
Years later in the 1990s, the Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia, along with Senator Ruck, made a compelling public case for official recognition of No. 2 Construction Bn. In 1993, this journey led to the official construction of a National Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada monument in Pictou, Nova Scotia, on the shores of the town’s waterfront, highlighting the historic location where the Battalion was formed on July 5, 1916.
This National recognition has also led to the development of an annual service of honour and remembrance that is held each July in Pictou, Nova Scotia. This momentum of the legacy by Senator Ruck continued as he would go on to become the Executive Director of the Black Cultural Centre. Over the past twenty-nine years, the Town of Pictou has since welcomed descendants, military, police, Legion and members of the Black Community to hold the ceremony there.
In addition to Senator Ruck, Captain (retd) George Borden was also a steadfast champion of No. 2 Construction Bn. Captain Borden, a native of the historic African Nova Scotian community of New Glasgow, had a strong family legacy connected to the Battalion. In the early years, he too would serve as the Executive Director of the Black Cultural Centre. Upon his retirement in 1993, he became a long-time committee member of the annual service of honour and remembrance until his passing in 2020. Capt. Borden was very instrumental in ensuring that the legacy of No. 2 Construction Bn be remembered, and it was he who carried the momentum torch following Senator Ruck’s passing in 2004. Captain Borden was perhaps most famously known for penning the poem, “Black Soldier’s Lament”, which has been since published in both Canadian and U.S. textbooks and tells the story of No. 2 Construction Bn. Many films and stage productions have cited this very poem in the years since as it so accurately conveys the raw emotions felt by the men of No. 2 Construction Bn.
Black Soldiers’ Lament
By Capt. (retd) George Borden
The bugle called and forth we went
To serve the crown our backs far bent,
And build what ere that must be done;
But ne’re to fire an angry gun
No heroes we no nay not one.
With deep lament we did our job
Despite the shame our manhood robbed.
We built and fixed and fixed again,
To prove our worth as proud black men
And hasten sure the Kaiser’s end.
From Scotia port to Seaford Square
Across to France the conflict there,
At Ville La Joux and Place Peronne
For God and King to right the wrong –
The number two six hundred strong.
Stripped to the waist and sweated chest
Mid-day’s reprieve much needed rest.
We dug and hauled and lifted high
From trenches deep toward the sky –
Non-fighting troops and yet we die.
The peace restored the battle won
Black sweat and toil had beat the Hun.
Black blood was spilled black bodies maimed
For medals brave no black was named,
Yet proud were we our pride unshamed.
But time will bring forth other wars,
Then give to us more daring chores
That we might prove our courage strong
Preserve the right repel the wrong,
And proud we’ll sing the battle song.
Other recognition for No. 2 Construction Bn in recent years include the first scholarly work completed on No. 2 Construction Bn in a thesis completed by Sean F. Foyn (2000), the short film Honour Before Glory (2001), written and produced by Reverend William “Andrew” White’s great nephew Anthony Sherwood. This film was met with huge acclaim for its raw portrayal of the struggles faced by the young men of No. 2 Construction Bn. In addition, as a result of a formal suggestion by descendant Robert D Downey to the Chairperson of the Canada Post Stamp Advisory Committee in 2014, an official Canada Post Black History Series stamp was issued by Canada Post on 1 February 2016 to mark the 100th anniversary of the Black Battalion. During the 100th year remembrance of No. 2 Construction Bn (2016), a host of events and programs took place to commemorate their contributions including 100th anniversary of No. 2 Construction Battalion travelling exhibit created by Legacy Voices which included medals of three No. 2 soldiers and was showcased at The Canadian War Museum for Remembrance Day, a commissioned print by the Army Museum – Halifax Citadel and numerous exhibits and displays shown across Canada. The legacy of No. 2 Construction Battalion was carried forward with significant contributions from key subject matter experts and descendants, to include key members of the National Apology Advisory Committee; Douglas Ruck, Kathy Grant, John Boileau, Robert Downey, Craig Smith, Anthony Sherwood, Sean Foyn, Sheila White and Mathis Joost to name a few.
Other noteworthy recognition events:
- Parks Canada Hometown Heroes Panel on the Waterfront Boardwalk, Halifax, NS
- Parks Canada / Army Museum Halifax Citadel Event on 5 July 2016 (ie Unveiling of various No. 2 Construction Bn related Home Town Heroes Plaques along with the commissioned No. 2 Construction Bn Art Print)
- Canadian Legion Magazine July/August 2016 Edition (cover page photo and feature article “Canada’s First Black Battalion”)
Chronology of Apology Process
On January 8, 2019, former Nova Scotia MP, Gordon Earle, penned a letter to the Prime Minister of Canada, the Right Honourable Justin Trudeau, sharing the published letter he discovered in the Halifax Chronicle Herald from December 8, 2018, written by Captain (retd.) George Borden. This letter was instrumental in that it requested an official apology from the Government of Canada for the racism, hurt and pain endured by the men of No. 2 Construction Bn.
In response to that letter, the then Minister of National Defence, Honourable Harjit Sajjan, along with Mr. Russell Grosse of the Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia, organized a roundtable discussion with government officials, Mr. Gordon Earle, Captain George Borden (retd.), Pastor Brian Johnston, Mr. Douglas Ruck, descendants of No. 2 Construction Bn, members of No. 2 Construction Bn Marker Committee and Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Defence, Anita Vandenbeld. This meeting took place on February 29, 2020, at the Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia. The key resolution of this historic meeting was that it was agreed that the descendants should, in fact, receive a formal apology for the manner in which the men of No. 2 Construction Bn were treated all those years ago.
On Sunday, March 28, 2021, 104 years after No. 2 Construction Bn deployed overseas, the Canadian Minister of National Defence, the Honourable Harjit S. Sajjan, announced that Canada would apologize for the treatment that these brave men faced. This intent was issued virtually due to COVID-19 restrictions and broadcasted live from the Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia with a small in-person audience of military, community and descendants present. This was conveyed as an apology that would address the racism and discrimination they endured before, during and long after their service to Canada. The apology was announced to come after meaningful consultation with their descendants and members of the Black community was complete.
On May 14, 2021, the Chief of the Defence Staff Directive for No. 2 Construction Bn was subsequently issued, authorizing the Canadian Army to immediately engage in outreach and begin preparing for an apology ceremony. 5th Division, an Atlantic Canadian Army formation known as the ‘Mighty Maroon Machine’ was chosen to lead this initiative. 5th Division immediately set about partnering with the Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia for this unique initiative. After very initial consultations with key leaders in the Black Community, many of whom would later become the steering committee, this budding partnership began planning a way forward. Based on these discussions, the team very quickly ascertained that to do this special task justice, a special advisory panel was needed. The formation of a National Apology Advisory Committee (NAAC) began and included 22 members from across Canada, who are descendants or subject matter experts on the Battalion. The NAAC had a mandate to advise and assist in the national public virtual consultations and provide recommendations to the Minister of National Defence through this report.
In total, the NAAC led seven Canada-wide consultations to inform the apology and related momentum building events. These consultations were held in December 2021, and February, March, April and May 2022. Break-out sessions were a part of these consultations with sub-groups provided direction from select NAAC members. In addition, several smaller group one-on-one consultations were also completed with living direct descendants of No. 2 Construction Bn by co-chairs Mr. Russell Grosse and LCol Barry Pitcher.
On March 28, 2022, a similar affirmation of intent to apologize was again made virtually, hosted at the Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia by the new Minister of National Defence, the Honourable Anita Anand. At this most recent event, Minister Anand formally announced that the chosen location, based on community and NAAC consultations, would be at the former No. 2 Construction Bn training grounds in Truro, Nova Scotia and the date officially chosen as July 9. 2022.
In addition, several stakeholders and partners supported the important legacy of No. 2 Construction Bn through various external projects such as the Library and Archives Canada work to complete the digitization of No. 2 Construction Bn records by May 2022, the commitment by Parks Canada to refresh the National Historic Monument in Pictou and the Province of Nova Scotia and Black Cultural Centre planned launch of a new permanent exhibit on No. 2 Construction Bn.
In conjunction with these consultations and NAAC meetings, the 5th Division/Black Cultural Centre team has worked together in developing a new website for No. 2 Construction Bn in which descendants can register for July 9, 2022, and the key events, such as a No. 2 Construction Bn graves registry, can be shared worldwide.
Thus far, over 1,000 people have participated in these public consultations and a total of 400 descendants of No. 2 Construction Bn members have since been identified.
National Apology Advisory Committee (NAAC)
As a part of this process, a twenty-two member National Apology Advisory Committee (NAAC) was established in June 2021 as a consulting arm to the Government of Canada in the shaping of the upcoming official apology. The NAAC members were chosen based on connection and dedication to No. 2 Construction Bn. They were comprised of community leaders, historians, descendants, and authors. Individual members of the NAAC were very accomplished in their own right and would offer a balanced advisory layer to the formulation of the planned apology. The NAAC was co-chaired in partnership by Mr. Grosse and LCol Pitcher.
The mandate for the NAAC was designed to provide meaningful input in the form of:
- Advising as to appropriate historical information about No. 2 Construction Bn.
- Organizing and facilitating satellite and momentum activities.
- Facilitating important discussions with descendants, community members and stakeholders throughout the country, and where descendants exist.
- Facilitating the identification of descendants.
The NAAC held regular meetings each month in which key topics were discussed via agendas prepared in advance and tackled key issues such as framework of the apology, planning for the event, historical accuracies, and perpetuation. Terms of Reference (see Appendix C: NAAC Terms of Reference) developed, and voting selected as the main instrument of passing a motion. Within the NAAC, various sub committees also completed many key tasks such as media releases and organization of momentum building events across Canada. These sub committees included:
- History and Public Education
- Logistics
- Communications and Community Engagement
- Atlantic Region (P.E.I., N.S., N.L., N.B.)
- Central Region (N.W.T., Que., Ont.)
- Western Region (B.C., N.W.T., Man., Atla., Sask., Yukon)
In addition, the NAAC was instrumental in facilitating and guiding many of the public consultation sessions that occurred virtually across Canada. Key NAAC members along with members of the 5 Division team would integrate within the break-out sessions to help guide and answer any questions community members and descendants had.
The culmination of the NAACs work was to gather salient recommendations from input gathered via consultations on the composition of the apology and how the event can be best executed. This will be captured in this, the final Minister of National Defence Report.
Apology Principles
The members of the NAAC approved a guiding set of principles developed by the Subcommittee on Communications and Community Engagement to guide the public consultation process. It was influenced by stakeholders and historical precedents that have been demonstrated in past apologies in Canadian history.
Principles for the Apology to the Descendants of the Members of No. 2 Construction Bn
The apology must:
- Be preceded by representative and meaningful consultations with descendants, communities and subject matter experts.
- Be delivered by the Prime Minister of Canada.
- Describe what happened and explain how this experience exemplified Canada's forms of anti-Black racism.
- Describe the harm caused to the men seeking to serve, those who served, their families and descendants, as well as Canada’s reputation.
- Acknowledge wrongdoing and take responsibility for it (“own” the mistake).
- Be candid and honest.
- Express genuine empathy, regret, and remorse (say “sorry”) for the racist behaviours.
- Ask for forgiveness.
- Establish substantive and sustainable policy/program responses that make amends and/or provide redress.
- Commit to measurable and sustainable change.
- Promise similar acts will never happen again and that the government will learn from its mistakes.
Key Metrics & Summary of Public Consultations
During the period from October 2021 to May 2022 there were various public engagement sessions conducted both virtually and in-person (dependent on public health measures at the time). These sessions were conducted through meetings, conversations, email and written correspondence. An online survey was conducted for each session and various metrics were gathered as a result. Through these various forms of consultation, there was engagement with over 1,200 people of which approximately 400 have since self-identified as descendants and 10 as direct/immediate descendants (sons and daughters). Through this unique process, all responses were tracked and feedback gathered to aid in the development of the recommendations of this report. During the national virtual engagement sessions, key questions were utilized to encourage and stimulate discussion, at which point virtual breakout rooms facilitated by NAAC members fleshed out responses. Key data gathered is illustrated below.
Key Data
1. Country of participants engaged in consultations:
Canada: 94%
United States: 5.5%
International: 0.05%
2. Participant province:
Nova Scotia: 39%
Ontario: 26%
Alberta: 8%
British Columbia: 5%
New Brunswick: 5%
Saskatchewan: 3%
Other Provinces: 14%
3. Virtual Session Metrics
- Total of seven sessions
- Total of 1,110 people registered for virtual sessions
- 24% of people attended more than one session
- Over 500 additional people registered with interest
Key Questions
1. Why is the legacy of No. 2 Construction Bn so important and why are you a part of this process?
Key responses:
- A desire to effect real change
- Family connection and source of pride
- To hold Government accountable for past actions
- They were never recognized when they came home
- An important part of Canadian History to remember and now be a part of
- An important legacy that cannot be forgotten and the need to act is now
- Recognition of Black Canadian contributions is important and this a step forward
2. On Sunday, March 28th, 2021, 104 years after No. 2 Construction Bn deployed overseas, the Canadian Minister of National Defence, the Honorable Harjit S. Sajjan, announced that Canada would apologize for the treatment that the men in this Battalion faced. An apology for the racism and discrimination they endured before, during, and long after their service to Canada. What would make this apology meaningful?
Key Responses:
- Apology should be given by the Prime Minister
- Apology must involve Minister of National Defence and Chief of the Defence Staff
- Must be partnered with some form of tangible mechanism of change
- Letter of apology to Black Canadians paper-issued as well as words spoken
- Apology must be made readily available to serving military members
- Must have wording to address modern day racism and discrimination
- Apology must be followed with action plan to demonstrate commitment
- A token or memento should accompany the Apology
- Prime Minister should also read the apology in the House of Commons
- Acknowledge that racism and discrimination continues to be endured
- Include sincere and honest language throughout
- Include longstanding programs to demonstrate legacy
- Include a financial commitment supporting ongoing activities, and education
- Should include all Black Canadian members of the Canadian Armed Forces in all wars
3. Who do you think should make the apology?
Key Responses:
- Prime Minister of Canada: 56%
- Prime Minister and Minister of National Defence: 23%
- Governor General of Canada: 10%
- Minister of National Defence: 9%
- Other: (The Queen or Chief of the Defence Staff): 2%
4. What specific words or phrases should be considered in the apology?
Key Responses:
- Systemic racism
- Racist treatment
- Sincerely
- Bravery
- Faithful service
- Not to let it happen again
- Honour
- Thank them for their service
5. What should be done to keep the Legacy of No. 2 Construction Bn alive (i.e.: educational resources, monuments, traveling exhibits)?
Key Responses:
- Monuments in Ottawa, Nova Scotia and select locations across Canada
- Museum/Public Exhibits that share the story of No. 2 Construction Bn
- Permanent Exhibit at National War Museum
- Be a part of Canadian Military History and basic training
- Education and Curriculum Resources for P-12 & General Public Awareness
- Development of a commemorative Medal or Coin
- Development of Scholarship/Bursary
- Detailed research on Battalion Members
- National day of Remembrance / Battalion Flag Day
- Rename Highway in Nova Scotia (Truro to Pictou)
- Historic TV Vignettes
- Special Grave Site Markers
- History/Photo Plaque at all Canadian Armed Forces bases and offices
- Advocate on behalf of the legacy of No. 2 Construction Bn for inclusion in all relevant Government departments and agencies
6. The apology event is slated for July 9, 2022, in Nova Scotia and virtually across the Nation. What are some ideas on what should be included in this event?
Key Responses:
- Immediate Family members
- Parade
- Film on Battalion
- Celebration and Remembrance
- Presentation to families
- Souvenir memento and program booklet
- Inclusion of relevant Government departments and agencies to mark the occasion
Key Themes
Throughout this process of interaction and collaboration, there has been open and respectful space provided for courageous conversations to occur. This has both enabled and empowered members of the NAAC who are in a unique position to now pave a path forward to an apology recommendation to the Minister of National Defence. In many of the after-action reviews from the public consultations, three key themes emerged foundational to a proposed apology narrative.
From a macro level, it is important to highlight these key themes as follows:
- Remembrance
It was clearly communicated by descendants and community that the act of remembrance be prevalent. This can be demonstrated through a firm commitment to education and awareness of No. 2 Construction Bn history through all available means to ensuring that the unit is recognized as an important part of Canada's History. - Reconciliation
It was clearly communicated by descendants and community that the act of reconciliation be prevalent. This can be demonstrated by ensuring that a meaningful apology recognizes past hurt and is then followed with meaningful actions that encourage diversity and inclusion and assurances that mechanisms will in place to combat racism going forward. - Perpetuation
It was clearly communicated by descendants and community that the act of perpetuation be prevalent. This can be demonstrated by a direct linkage of No. 2 Construction Bn with a current Canadian Military unit so that their sacrifice and legacy are represented by soldiers of today and that there is a commitment to engagement, monuments, and annual parade/commemoration activities.
Key Recommendations
Supporting and filling in around these three key themes on a micro level, are a number of key recommendations as to the framework of a meaningful apology on behalf of the Government of Canada. While these are not all the recommendations brought forth, these represent the majority and accurately capture the results of the aforementioned data and metrics.
- That a heartfelt and meaningful apology be delivered by the Prime Minister of Canada. This will be vital as precedence has been set in past Government of Canada apologies that have been delivered by the Prime Minister.
- That the Minister of National Defence be instrumental in the apology process and ensuring that processes are in place to address the past hurts going forward. This will be the active commitment to culture change with Canada’s Armed Forces.
- That a national public event surrounds the Apology that pays tribute and honour to No. 2 Construction Bn and provides meaningful remembrance.
- That it include a commitment to ongoing substantive and sustainable policy/program responses that address anti-Black racism within the Canadian Armed Forces.
- That it includes establishment of and support to a long-term legacy fund that creates ongoing opportunities for education, remembrance and honouring of No. 2 Construction Bn.
- That it be accompanied with a memento to descendants and families of No. 2 Construction Bn.
- That the apology process be only the start of future discussions on No. 2 Construction Bn and all Black serving members (past and present) who have faced anti-Black racism.
- That the apology is followed up with establishment of a Minister’s Advisory Committee on Anti-Black Racism to advise the Minister of National Defence and senior Canadian Armed Forces leadership on a concise path forward to embrace culture change.
Conclusion
Since March 28, 2021, the planning team and members of the National Apology Advisory Committee have actively engaged with over a thousand descendants and citizens across Canada. Through navigating a series of virtual public consultations, telephone, written and electronic correspondence, this report provides a true glimpse of passion, pride, and honour. The narrative here is testament to the hurt, sorrow and pain felt from the families and descendants and the true lack of acknowledgment that transpired. No. 2 Construction Bn has been robbed of the important role they played in Canadian history and the time has come to reconcile that.
As outlined here, the main goal of this report has been to determine the framework of a meaningful apology to the families and descendants of No. 2 Construction Bn. We have shown that the core engagement which started at the February 2020 roundtable discussion has now evolved into a comprehensive recommendation for a proposed framework. It is appreciated that not all the recommendations and themes may fit into the official Government of Canada Apology on 9 July 2022. It is also recognized that only so much can be stated in a singular time and space. Make no mistake though, that the importance of the words spoken that day will resound forever so the greatest of care must be taken in the execution of delivery. It is critical that the information contained herein be heavily weighted. The considerations and information provided in this raw and honest report are testament to ‘ground truth’ and if not all taken into account on 9 July 2022 must certainly be the fuel for future culture change in the Canadian Armed Forces. The value of the descendants, the community, and the National Apology Advisory Committee as the key mechanisms for this engagement process has been immeasurable and we are most thankful for the opportunity.
"We must open the doors and we must see to it they remain open, so that others can pass through. - Rosemary Brown, OC – Canadian Politician & Civil Rights Leader
Appendices
Appendix A: Battalion Enlistment List
S/N | Name | Enlistment Place | Enlistment Date |
---|---|---|---|
931255 | Alberga Albert Miller | Montreal | September 8, 1916 |
931308 | Alberga Geroge Frederick | Truro | October 10, 1916 |
931144 | Albert George Randolph | Saint John | August 14, 1916 |
931509 | Alexander Louis | Windsor | September 9, 1916 |
931612 | Alexander Roy | Vancouver | October 23, 1916 |
931585 | Allen James | Windsor | October 16, 1916 |
931635 | Allen Fessie | Edmonton | November 11, 1916 |
931053 | Allison Kenneth | Windsor | July 27, 1916 |
931198 | Allison William | Windsor, NS | August 23, 1916 |
931335 | Allison Clarence | Windsor, NS | October 18, 1916 |
931358 | Allison Walter Roland | Truro | December 13, 1916 |
931363 | Anderson Mackerrow | Halifax | December 9, 1916 |
931568 | Anderson Joseph H | Calgary | September 29, 1916 |
931606 | Anderson John William | Chatham | October 30, 1916 |
931819 | Armour James Henry | Windsor | February 15, 1917 |
931045 | Ash Clarence | Truro | July 21, 1916 |
931242 | Ash Bert | Pictou | September 9, 1916 |
931271 | Ash Thomas | Truro | September 23, 1916 |
931376 | Atkinson Henry | Windsor, NS | February 15, 1917 |
931356 | Augustus Edward | Truro | December 2, 1916 |
931110 | Austin Louis | Saint John | August 10, 1916 |
931820 | Austin Cyrus | Windsor | February 15, 1917 |
931264 | Backus John Joseph | Montreal | September 16, 1916 |
931130 | Bailey John | Sydney | August 11, 1916 |
931822 | Baker John | Windsor | February 14, 1917 |
931548 | Banks Ernest | Saskatoon | September 8, 1916 |
931191 | Barnes Joseph | Sydney | August 21, 1916 |
931693 | Barnes Benjamin | Windsor | January 2, 1917 |
931331 | Barton Seymour | Digby | March 11, 1916 |
931331 | Barton Seymour | Truro | October 17, 1916 |
931768 | Battle Charles | Windsor | January 27, 1917 |
931390 | Bauld Frederick | Halifax | December 18, 1916 |
931654 | Beatty Charles | Winnipeg | December 1, 1916 |
685006 | Beckford Uriah Alexander | Quebec City | October 24, 1916 |
931252 | Bell Kilson Daniel | Truro | September 15, 1916 |
931291 | Bell John Seldon | Pictou | October 2, 1916 |
931592 | Bell Ernest Alexander | Hamilton | October 23, 1916 |
931669 | Bell George | St. Catharines | December 9, 1916 |
931280 | Bennett Ancil | Truro | October 2, 1916 |
931283 | Bennett Harry | Truro | October 2, 1916 |
931287 | Bennett Frank | ruro | October 2, 1916 |
931721 | Bennett George | Windsor | January 8, 1917 |
931719 | Bennette William | Windsor | January 7, 1917 |
931012 | Berry Freeman Leslie | Yarmouth | July 19, 1916 |
931216 | Berry Gordon | Yarmouth | September 4, 1916 |
931406 | Berry Freeman | Halifax | January 16, 1917 |
1048021 | Berry James | Montreal | August 15, 1916 |
931601 | Binga Bethune | Chatham | October 23, 1916 |
931779 | Black William | Windsor | January 30, 1917 |
684966 | Blackman Renard | Quebec City | October 23, 1916 |
931071 | Blackman Hicks | Sydney | July 28, 1916 |
931218 | Blackman Jeremiah | Pictou | September 1, 1916 |
931774 | Bland Ellis | Windsor | January 30, 1917 |
931604 | Blencowe Frank | Chatham | October 25, 1916 |
931147 | Blizzard John Spencer | Saint John | August 14, 1916 |
931399 | Blue John | Halifax | January 8, 1917 |
931404 | Bonnette Fred | Truro | January 27, 1917 |
931625 | Boone William | Edmonton | October 23, 1916 |
931030 | Borden Thomas | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931203 | Borden David | Halifax | August 29, 1916 |
931206 | Borden Thomas | Truro | August 30, 1916 |
931355 | Borden Albert | Truro | December 5, 1916 |
931417 | Borden George | Truro | February 10, 1917 |
931349 | Bowden Norman | Victoria | November 16, 1916 |
931559 | Bowen Columbus | Edmonton | September 25, 1916 |
931035 | Bowers Edward | New Glasgow | July 26, 1916 |
931058 | Bowers Frank | Sydney | July 28, 1916 |
931745 | Bowsell Nathaniel S | Windsor | January 17, 1917 |
931093 | Boyd Simon | Halifax | July 31, 1916 |
931261 | Boyd James | Montreal | September 12, 1916 |
931556 | Bradshaw John | Edmonton | September 19, 1916 |
931595 | Bradshaw Ernest | Montreal | June 17, 1916 |
931037 | Bramah Alexander | Sydney Mines | July 21, 1916 |
931838 | Brent Robert | Truro | March 13, 1917 |
931539 | Bright Arthur | St. Catharines | September 28, 1916 |
931540 | Bright Norman | St. Catharines | September 28, 1916 |
931785 | Briscoe George | Windsor | February 2, 1917 |
931644 | Bronston Jacob | Windsor | November 20, 1916 |
931360 | Brooks George Semperius | Winnipeg | October 1916 |
931515 | Brooks Edmund Lockett | Toronto | September 12, 1916 |
931640 | Brooks Cornelius James | Windsor | November 23, 1916 |
931380 | Brothers William Alton | Truro | December 28, 1916 |
931013 | Brown Arthur | Yarmouth | July 19, 1916 |
931151 | Brown Harry | Halifax | August 18, 1916 |
931163 | Brown William George | Halifax | August 15, 1916 |
931213 | Brown John | Yarmouth | August 28, 1916 |
931246 | Brown George Deane | Pictou | September 11, 1916 |
931258 | Brown Samuel | Halifax | September 14, 1916 |
931344 | Brown Joseph Nathaniel | Halifax | November 18, 1916 |
931535 | Brown William Edgar | Toronto | September 26, 1916 |
931549 | Brown Charles Elmer | Saskatoon | September 13, 1916 |
931681 | Brown Andrew | Windsor | December 28, 1916 |
931728 | Brown Samuel | Windsor | January 9, 1917 |
931741 | Brown Joseph C | Windsor | December 15, 1916 |
931284 | Bruce Merrel | Truro | October 2, 1916 |
931673 | Bryant Charles Henry | Hamilton | December 16, 1916 |
931241 | Bullard Edmund | Pictou | September 8, 1916 |
931141 | Bundy William Henry | Amherst | August 11, 1916 |
931205 | Bundy Seymour | Halifax | August 29, 1916 |
931336 | Bundy Henry | Halifax | October 25, 1916 |
931143 | Bunyan Henry Nathan | Pictou | August 15, 1916 |
931615 | Burns Arthur | Vancouver | October 18, 1916 |
931731 | Bush Leon | St. Catharines | January 7, 1917 |
1024188 | Bush Thomas | Bolton | July 12, 1916 |
931103 | Bushfan Harold Frederick | Saint John | August 10, 1916 |
931149 | Bushfan Ernest Garfield | Saint John | August 14, 1916 |
931156 | Bushfan Robert James | Saint John | August 14, 1916 |
931327 | Bushfan Philip Andrew | Saint John | October 14, 1916 |
931534 | Buster Charles | Windsor | September 15, 1916 |
931065 | Butcher Leonard Walter | Sydney | July 28, 1916 |
931077 | Butler George Horace | Halifax | August 2, 1916 |
931305 | Butler Robert Andrew | Halifax | October 6, 1916 |
931570 | Butler Joseph Roger | Edmonton | September 17, 1916 |
931589 | Butler John Everet | Petrolia | March 17, 1916 |
931589 | Butler John | Windsor | February 8, 1917 |
931041 | Byard William Howard | Truro | July 20, 1916 |
931043 | Byard Percy Lewis | Truro | July 18, 1916 |
931101 | Byard John Arthur | Pictou | August 8, 1916 |
931015 | Byer Lloyd New | Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931396 | Byers Andrew | Halifax | January 8, 1917 |
931595 | Caperton William | Edmonton | October 16, 1916 |
931528 | Carr Gaile | Windsor | September 15, 1916 |
931165 | Carter William | Halifax | August 9, 1916 |
931278 | Carter Charles | Halifax | September 26, 1916 |
931301 | Carter Edward Sinclair | Halifax | October 4, 1916 |
931328 | Carty Albert | Saint John | October 14, 1916 |
931395 | Carvery Vincent | Halifax | January 8, 1917 |
931394 | Cassidy Robert | Dartmouth | January 6, 1917 |
931735 | Castor Lewis Lerry | St. Catharines | January 7, 1917 |
931647 | Champe Horace | Welland | November 27, 1916 |
931062 | Clark Randolph | Sydney | July 28, 1916 |
931685 | Clark Ellwood | Windsor | January 2, 1917 |
931137 | Clarke John | Sydney | August 11, 1916 |
931123 | Claybourn George Hayward | Pictou | August 14, 1916 |
931131 | Claybourn Frank Morris | Pictou | August 14, 1916 |
931384 | Clements William | Truro | December 30, 1916 |
931195 | Clyke Joseph Palmer | Truro | February 2, 1917 |
931272 | Clyke Joseph | Truro | September 23, 1916 |
1033054 | Coates Duckworth | Saint John | June 26, 1916 |
931825 | Cobby Thomas | Windsor | February 19, 1917 |
931005 | Collins Samuel | Halifax | July 21, 1916 |
931161 | Collins John Louis | Halifax | August 8, 1916 |
931270 | Collymore Grandville | Truro | September 23, 1916 |
931243 | Connolly George | Pictou | September 8, 1916 |
931107 | Cook Richard Harvey | Amherst | August 10, 1916 |
931108 | Cook Charles | Amherst | August 10, 1916 |
931139 | Cook John Cecil | Amherst | August 11, 1916 |
931542 | Cook William | Toronto | September 28, 1916 |
931718 | Cooper Early | Windsor | January 7, 1917 |
931546 | Corbin Percy Sinclair | Owen Sound | September 27, 1916 |
931501 | Courtney Henry Francis | Toronto | August 30, 1916 |
931345 | Cox Garnett Wesley | Truro | November 8, 1916 |
931214 | Crawford Bowman | Yarmouth | September 4, 1916 |
931688 | Crogger William E | Windsor | January 2, 1917 |
931083 | Cromwell Arthur Benson | Weymouth | August 3, 1916 |
931302 | Cromwell Neaily | Digby | March 13, 1916 |
931302 | Cromwell Neaily | Truro | October 24, 1916 |
931311 | Cromwell Harrie | Truro | October 13, 1916 |
931312 | Cromwell James Elmer | Truro | October 13, 1916 |
931314 | Cromwell Joseph Owie | Truro | October 13, 1916 |
931315 | Cromwell Joseph Herbert | Truro | October 13, 1916 |
931317 | Cromwell James Aubrey | Truro | October 13, 1916 |
931318 | Cromwell Charles Joseph | Truro | October 7, 1916 |
931699 | Crosby Herbert Henderson | Chatham | December 28, 1916 |
931405 | Cross Ethelbert Lionel | Halifax | January 2, 1917 |
931341 | Croxen James | Windsor NS | October 30, 1916 |
931552 | Currie Joseph Arthur | Chatham | September 30, 1916 |
931379 | Curry John | Truro | December 30, 1916 |
931783 | Dabney Percy | Windsor | January 29, 1917 |
931827 | Darden James | Windsor | February 26, 1917 |
931281 | Daring William | Truro | October 23, 1916 |
931068 | Darlington Clarence Adolphus | Sydney | July 28, 1916 |
931401 | David Bernard | Dartmouth | January 9, 1917 |
931411 | David Sydney | Halifax | January 17, 1917 |
931419 | David Willis Pennel | Truro | March 22, 1917 |
931158 | Davidson Wilfred Jones | Halifax | August 10, 1916 |
931630 | Davis Fred Alvin | Windsor | November 14, 1916 |
931762 | Davis Fred | Windsor | January 26, 1917 |
931786 | Davis Roy | Windsor | February 2, 1917 |
931815 | Davis Phillip | Windsor | February 14, 1917 |
931835 | Davis Harry E | Windsor | March 15, 1917 |
931267 | Dawson John Wesley | Montreal | September 12, 1916 |
931273 | Day Lavin | Truro | September 21, 1916 |
931408 | Day Matthew | Truro | January 20, 1918 |
931618 | Day Harry Linden | Toronto | November 3, 1916 |
931353 | DeCosta Wilfred A | Halifax | November 18, 1916 |
931726 | Deerhart William | Windsor | January 8, 1917 |
931032 | Desmond Howard New | Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931033 | Desmond Isaac New | Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931036 | Desmond John Henry New | Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931172 | Desmond James J | Pictou | August 18, 1916 |
931279 | Desmond John Harvey | Pictou | September 26, 1916 |
931361 | Desmond Harvey | Truro | December 12, 1916 |
931755 | Devon Walter | Windsor | January 20, 1917 |
931557 | Dickens Eugene | Edmonton | September 21, 1916 |
931567 | Dickens Frederick | Edmonton | September 21, 1916 |
931569 | Dickens Andrew Deburg | Edmonton | September 19, 1916 |
931078 | Dieggs George Henry | Halifax | July 31, 1916 |
931006 | Dixon Wallace | Halifax | July 21, 1916 |
931323 | Dixon Fred Charles | Saint John | October 14, 1916 |
931354 | Dixon George Richard | Truro | December 1, 1916 |
931373 | Dixon Fred L | Sussex, NB | November 15, 2015 |
931373 | Dixon Fred Louis | Truro | December 16, 1916 |
931749 | Dolman Ambrose | Chatham | January 17, 1917 |
931814 | Dorris Alfred | Windsor | February 14, 1917 |
931541 | Dorsey Joseph Melivan | Saskatoon | September 27, 1916 |
931713 | Dorsey Lun | Windsor | January 5, 1917 |
931067 | Dottin Joseph | Sydney | July 28, 1916 |
931609 | Douglas William | Hamilton | London November 1, 1916 |
931226 | Downey James | Halifax | September 1, 1916 |
931227 | Downey George | Halifax | September 1, 1916 |
931285 | Downey Clifford | Truro | October 12, 1916 |
931388 | Downs William | Truro | December 30, 1916 |
931154 | Drummond Charles | Halifax | August 19, 1916 |
931182 | Drummond John | Halifax | August 23, 1916 |
739093 | Duncan Frank Henry | Cayuga | December 31, 1915 |
931580 | Duncan John | Windsor | October 13, 1916 |
931124 | Eatman Manzer | Pictou | August 14, 1916 |
931125 | Eatman John Wesley | Pictou | August 14, 1916 |
931339 | Edison Robert Alexander | Truro | October 31, 1916 |
931028 | Edwards Matthew Nathaniel | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931553 | Ellis Edward D | Chatham | October 2, 1916 |
931598 | Ellsworth Leo | Dresden | October 3, 1916 |
931089 | Elms Frederick Gordon | Truro | August 2, 1916 |
931092 | Elms Walter Howard | Truro | August 2, 1916 |
931109 | Elms Alexander Benjamin | Truro | August 8, 1916 |
931189 | Elms Alexander | Halifax | August 29, 1916 |
931202 | Elms Michael Redmond | Halifax | August 28, 1916 |
931274 | Elms John | Truro | September 22, 1916 |
931695 | Eugene John | Windsor | January 2, 1917 |
931186 | Evelyn Claudius Augustus | Montreal | August 26, 1916 |
931319 | Falawn Marlow | Liverpool | October 11, 1916 |
931170 | Farmer Arthur | Halifax | August 17, 1916 |
931173 | Farmer Zachariah | Halifax | August 17, 1916 |
931397 | Farmer Harmon Elison | Truro | January 10, 1917 |
931029 | Fee James Colin | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931309 | Fenton Percy Forman | Yarmouth | October 5, 1916 |
931188 | Fletcher Ralph | Halifax | August 29, 1916 |
931039 | Flint Stanley | Halifax | July 27, 1916 |
931066 | Flood Sydney | Sydney | July 28, 1916 |
931244 | Foderingham Joseph | Pictou | September 8, 1916 |
931055 | Fodringham William | Sydney | July 27, 1916 |
931320 | Ford Joseph Nathaniel | Truro | October 9, 1916 |
931126 | Fortune Edward | Sydney | August 5, 1916 |
931760 | Foster Mitchell | Windsor | January 24, 1917 |
931504 | Fountain Harry | London | September 6, 1916 |
931739 | Fowler Ree | Windsor | January 11, 1917 |
931096 | Francis Peter | Halifax | July 31, 1916 |
931293 | Francis Charles Edward | Truro | October 3, 1916 |
931297 | Francis Luke | Truro | October 4, 1916 |
931298 | Franklin Charles | Truro | October 4, 1916 |
931769 | Franks Shirly | Windsor | January 27, 1917 |
931400 | Fraser James | Halifax | January 4, 1917 |
931683 | Freeman Ralph S | Windsor | December 29, 1916 |
931525 | Gaines John Lonza | Windsor | September 14, 1916 |
931268 | Gale William | Montreal | September 16, 1916 |
931276 | Gans Young Joe | Winnipeg | September 18, 1916 |
931689 | Garey William D | Windsor | January 2, 1917 |
931608 | Garnett Charles | Windsor | November 2, 1916 |
931805 | Garnett Wallace | Windsor | February 9, 1917 |
931773 | Garth Robert | Windsor | January 30, 1917 |
931554 | Gates Henry | Edmonton | September 12, 1916 |
931269 | Gero William | Truro | September 22, 1916 |
931224 | Gibson Robert Henry | Pictou | September 5, 1916 |
931324 | Gibson Gladstone Merivale | Saint John | October 14, 1916 |
931352 | Gibson Brenton | Halifax | November 18, 1916 |
931802 | Gilbert John | Windsor | February 8, 1917 |
931350 | Gilkes Joseph | Vancouver | November 18, 1916 |
931248 | Goffigan Thomas | Halifax | September 10, 1916 |
931648 | Goines Victor | Welland | November 27, 1916 |
931700 | Goines Gordon | Welland | January 3, 1917 |
931621 | Goodwin John | Dresden | October 23, 1916 |
931701 | Goodwin George | Windsor | January 2, 1917 |
931792 | Goodwin James | Dresden | February 2, 1917 |
931192 | Grant John Henry | Kentville | August 19, 1916 |
931550 | Grant John Shadall | St. Catharines | September 28, 1916 |
931558 | Green Jacob | Edmonton | September 28, 1916 |
931579 | Green James Garfield | Owen Sound | September 27, 1916 |
243592 | Greenidge Archey | Montreal | June 20, 1916 |
931631 | Greenidge Hewburn Nathaniel | Winnipeg | November 21, 1916 |
931370 | Grey Everett | Kentville | December 15, 1916 |
931660 | Grey Carl | Windsor | December 11, 1916 |
931063 | Griffiths Henry | Sydney | July 26, 1916 |
739674 | Groat Frank Henry | Hagersville | March 16, 1916 |
931009 | Groce James | Halifax | July 24, 1916 |
931398 | Grose William | Truro | January 11, 1917 |
931409 | Grosse Ernest Andrew | Dartmouth | January 15, 1917 |
931565 | Guerry Elmo | Edmonton | October 2, 1916 |
931260 | Gurana Moses | Montreal | September 13, 1916 |
931121 | Halfkenny Samuel Eric | Pictou | August 14, 1916 |
931054 | Hall Da Costa | Sydney | July 28, 1916 |
931342 | Hall Belfield | Truro | November 6, 1916 |
931758 | Hall Howard | St. Catharines | January 20, 1917 |
931050 | Hamilton Benjamin | Windsor | July 28, 1916 |
931072 | Hamilton John Wesley | Windsor | July 31, 1916 |
931098 | Hamilton Charles | Halifax | August 5, 1916 |
931367 | Hamilton Prescott Hilton | Truro | December 30, 1916 |
931801 | Hamilton Stanley | Windsor | February 8, 1917 |
931748 | Harael George | Windsor | January 8, 1917 |
931623 | Harper William Leroy | Windsor | November 11, 1916 |
264546 | Harris John Henry | Camp Borden | September 23, 1916 |
931057 | Harris Joseph | Sydney | July 28, 1916 |
931152 | Harris William Alexander | Halifax | August 17, 1916 |
931193 | Harris Omer | Kentville | August 19, 1916 |
931583 | Harris Arnold William | Windsor | November 7, 1916 |
931678 | Harris Jacob Henry | Chatham | December 23, 1916 |
931724 | Harris Oscar | Windsor | January 8, 1917 |
931776 | Harris William | Windsor | January 30, 1917 |
931016 | Harrison George Washington | Halifax | July 24, 1916 |
931566 | Harston Major | Edmonton | September 9, 1916 |
931020 | Hay Edwin Lionel | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931118 | Hayes Roy Edward | Saint John | August 10, 1916 |
931148 | Hayes Walter Roy | Saint John | August 14, 1916 |
931707 | Hayes Frank | Windsor | January 5, 1917 |
931512 | Haynes John Madison | Windsor | September 11, 1916 |
931120 | Hector James | Pictou | August 14, 1916 |
931576 | Hedgeman George Henry | Toronto | October 12, 1916 |
931619 | Hemphill Curry Carter | Windsor | November 8, 1916 |
675899 | Henderson James | Ingersoll | March 26, 1916 |
931517 | Henderson Donald | Windsor | September 5, 1916 |
931590 | Henderson William Arthur | London | October 21, 1916 |
931602 | Henderson Richard Philip | Chatham | October 26, 1916 |
931637 | Henderson Alfred | Edmonton | November 6, 1916 |
931026 | Henry Frederick | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931742 | Higdon William Rex | Chatham | January 14, 1917 |
931407 | Higgins William | Truro | January 24, 1918 |
931754 | Hill Namon | Windsor | January 19, 1917 |
931655 | Hogue William | Calgary | November 23, 1916 |
931818 | Hollie Clinton | Windsor | February 14, 1917 |
931321 | Holloway Edward Rice | Truro | October 15, 1916 |
931708 | Holloway Ulysses | Windsor | January 5, 1917 |
931113 | Holmes James | Saint John | August 10, 1916 |
931199 | Holmes Joseph | Halifax | August 28, 1916 |
931738 | Holmes Mac | Windsor | January 11, 1917 |
931381 | Horton Charles | Truro | December 26, 1916 |
931571 | House William | Edmonton | September 14, 1916 |
931220 | Howe Kenneth Russell | Pictou | September 2, 1916 |
931392 | Howe Ralph | Halifax | January 2, 1917 |
931682 | Hughes Evan | Windsor | December 28, 1916 |
931816 | Hunt William | Windsor | March 13, 1917 |
931675 | Hunter Harry | St. Catharines | December 23, 1916 |
931330 | Hutcheson Ernest | Vancouver | October 7, 1916 |
931800 | Hyde James | Windsor | February 8, 1917 |
931294 | Irving Robert Fanuel | Truro | October 3, 1916 |
931332 | Irving Leonard | Truro | October 7, 1916 |
931581 | Irwin Chaphill Stanfield | Windsor | October 13, 1916 |
931140 | Izeard William | Amherst | August 10, 1916 |
931168 | Jacklin Charles Alfred | Halifax | August 17, 1916 |
931282 | Jacklin Douglas | Truro | October 2, 1916 |
931286 | Jacklin William Hastngs | Truro | October 2, 1916 |
931023 | Jackson Hartley | New Glasgow | July 26, 1916 |
931153 | Jackson Charles Leonard | Halifax | August 19, 1916 |
931190 | Jackson William John | Pictou | August 26, 1916 |
931200 | Jackson Frank | Windsor, NS | August 28, 1916 |
931254 | Jackson Robie | Bridgetown | September 15, 1916 |
931303 | Jackson Michael | Truro | October 5, 1916 |
931351 | Jackson Lawrence | Truro | November 27, 1916 |
931377 | Jackson Roy Kenneth | Truro | December 30, 1916 |
931414 | Jackson Charles William | Halifax | January 22, 1917 |
931692 | Jackson Curtis | Windsor | January 2, 1917 |
931734 | Jackson Milton | St. Catharines | January 7, 1917 |
931563 | Jamerson Robert | Youngstown | September 21, 1916 |
931081 | James Gilbert | Sydney | August 2, 1916 |
931162 | James Robert Henry | Halifax | August 8, 1916 |
931086 | Jarvis Hilton Sydney | Weymouth | July 25, 1916 |
931087 | Jarvis Ralph | Weymouth | July 27, 1916 |
931088 | Jarvis Malcolm | Weymouth | July 26, 1916 |
931090 | Jarvis James Durham | Weymouth | July 25, 1916 |
931091 | Jarvis Aubrey | Weymouth | July 27, 1916 |
931636 | Jefferson Walter Whitfield | Edmonton | November 8, 1916 |
931662 | Jenifer Lemuel | Windsor | December 12, 1916 |
931520 | Jenkens Norman | Windsor | September 8, 1916 |
931633 | Jenkins Joe | Windsor | November 20, 1916 |
931132 | Jewell Walter | New Glasgow | August 12, 1916 |
931586 | John Chauncey | Hamilton | October 10, 1916 |
931040 | Johnson Gordon | Halifax | July 24, 1916 |
931051 | Johnson George Albert | Windsor | July 26, 1916 |
931052 | Johnson Arthur | Windsor | July 28, 1916 |
931079 | Johnson Walter Adolphus | Pictou | August 5, 1916 |
931082 | Johnson Stephen | Weymouth | July 27, 1916 |
931106 | Johnson Herbert | Amherst | August 10, 1916 |
931159 | Johnson William Rufus | Halifax | December 30, 1916 |
931228 | Johnson Alfonse | Halifax | September 1, 1916 |
931235 | Johnson Frank | Winnipeg | September 4, 1916 |
931333 | Johnson John Clarence | Yarmouth | October 12, 1916 |
931366 | Johnson Reuben | Truro | December 18, 1916 |
931368 | Johnson William | Truro | December 11, 1916 |
931599 | Johnson Joseph | Dresden | October 13, 1916 |
931600 | Johnson Noah | Dresden | October 3, 1916 |
931620 | Johnson James | Chatham | November 8, 1916 |
931747 | Johnson Samuel | Chatham | January 17, 1917 |
931761 | Johnson Obediah | Windsor | January 24, 1917 |
931778 | Johnson Melvan | Windsor | January 30, 1917 |
931817 | Johnson Walter | Windsor | February 14, 1917 |
931135 | Jones James Arthur | New Glasgow | August 10, 1916 |
931138 | Jones William Percy | Amherst | August 11, 1916 |
931150 | Jones Louis Nathan | Saint John | August 14, 1916 |
931171 | Jones Glendower | Amherst | August 18, 1916 |
931238 | Jones Harry Timothy | Saint John | September 4, 1916 |
931359 | Jones William | Truro | December 12, 1916 |
931374 | Jones William Alfred | Liverpool | December 26, 1916 |
931510 | Jones George Elwood | Windsor | September 11, 1916 |
931529 | Jones Thomas Harold | Windsor | September 15, 1916 |
931720 | Jones Ben | Windsor | January 8, 1917 |
931833 | Jones Thomas Jefferson | Windsor | February 26, 1917 |
931834 | Jones Charles Manuel | Windsor | March 5, 1917 |
1033217 | Jones Henry Morgan | Montreal | August 7, 1916 |
931105 | Jordan Charles Edward | Amherst | August 10, 1916 |
931289 | Joseph Robert Russell | Pictou | September 26, 1916 |
282308 | Kellum Edward | Halifax | March 3, 1916 |
931166 | Kellum William | Halifax | August 8, 1916 |
675459 | Kelly Charles Edward | Ingersoll | February 2, 1916 |
931794 | Kelly Frank S | Windsor | February 4, 1917 |
931830 | Kelly George | Windsor | February 28, 1917 |
931288 | Kennedy Fred | Truro | October 2, 1916 |
931812 | Kilpatrick Admiral | Windsor | February 14, 1917 |
739889 | King John | Ingersoll | June 3, 1916 |
931167 | King David | Sydney | August 8, 1916 |
931663 | Kirksey Melton | Windsor | December 12, 1916 |
931059 | Kirton Evan | Sydney | July 28, 1916 |
931759 | Korachi Cawas Jee | Windsor | January 24, 1917 |
931002 | Lambert John Richard | Halifax | July 19, 1916 |
931184 | Lambert Harold | Halifax | August 23, 1916 |
931219 | Landsay James | Pictou | September 2, 1916 |
931538 | Lane John James | St. Catharines | September 26, 1916 |
931001 | Lattimore Gilbert Richard | Halifax | July 19, 1916 |
931225 | Lee Cecil Roy | Halifax | September 1, 1916 |
931364 | Lee Nathaniel | Dartmouth | December 6, 1916 |
931703 | Lee Daniel | Windsor | January 4, 1917 |
931511 | Lewis John Madison | Windsor | September 12, 1916 |
931668 | Lewis Frederick | Hamilton | December 14, 1916 |
931698 | Lewis Walter Albert | Chatham | December 28, 1916 |
931194 | Lindsay Frederick Leroy | Kentville | August 21, 1916 |
931594 | Lindsay John | Edmonton | October 12, 1916 |
645263 | Livingstone Daniel | Vancouver | January 12, 1916 |
931508 | Lockman James Woodson W | Windsor | September 9, 1916 |
931521 | Lockman Jerome Wellington | Windsor | September 9, 1916 |
931795 | Lockwood Robert | Windsor | February 7, 1917 |
931743 | Logan Harry | St. Catharines | May 12, 1916 |
931743 | Logan Harry Alexander | London | January 15, 1917 |
931772 | Love Jerry Matthew | Windsor | January 30, 1917 |
931691 | Lowe Willie | Windsor | January 2, 1917 |
931622 | Lucas Walter James | Dresden | November 8, 1916 |
931295 | Lucaw Thomas Grandy | Truro | October 3, 1916 |
931146 | Lupee Frederick Oral | Saint John | August 15, 1916 |
931632 | Lyburtus Jacob T | Chatham | November 17, 1916 |
931201 | Lynch Roy Ernest | Halifax | August 29, 1916 |
931211 | Lyons William Lee | Amherstburg, ON | August 26, 1916 |
931737 | Macon Ivan | Windsor | January 11, 1917 |
931650 | Madden Joseph Alfred | St. Catharines | November 30, 1916 |
931628 | Madison Edward | Windsor | November 13, 1916 |
931725 | Madison Ben | Windsor | January 8, 1917 |
931104 | Mallard Thomas | Amherst | August 10, 1916 |
931649 | Malott Tom | Welland | November 27, 1916 |
931697 | Malott Jefferson Webb | Welland | December 19, 1916 |
270455 | Manduke Cedric | Burford, ON | June 19, 1916 |
931378 | Mansfield John | Truro | December 30, 1916 |
931263 | Mantley Henry | Halifax | September 16, 1916 |
931262 | Mapp Joseph | Halifax | September 18, 1916 |
931593 | Maricle Joseph | Hamilton | October 23, 1916 |
931382 | Marsh Walter | Truro | December 30, 1916 |
931522 | Marsh Harry Boyd | Windsor | September 12, 1916 |
931839 | Marshall James Henry | Truro | March 16, 1917 |
931069 | Marsman Ezekial | Pictou | July 31, 1916 |
931084 | Martin Albert | Truro | August 2, 1916 |
931240 | Martin Lloyd William | Pictou | September 4, 1916 |
931265 | Martin Joseph Edgar | Winnipeg | September 14, 1916 |
931712 | Martin Butler | Windsor | January 6, 1917 |
931155 | Martin Lawrence | Pictou | August 15, 1916 |
931532 | Massey Luther Levi | Windsor | September 18, 1916 |
931223 | Matthews Charles Lordley | Pictou | September 1, 1916 |
931766 | Matthews Matthew George | Windsor | January 26, 1917 |
931659 | McArthur Chester | Windsor | December 9, 1916 |
931112 | McCarthy Harold | Saint John | August 10, 1916 |
931791 | McDowell Claud | Windsor | February 5, 1917 |
931102 | McIntyre Charles Theodore | Saint John | August 10, 1916 |
931803 | McLain Walter | Windsor | February 8, 1917 |
931014 | McLean Frederick Mansfield | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931562 | McNeil Clemens | Youngstown | September 21, 1916 |
931019 | McPhee Ernest | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931245 | McPhee Norman | Pictou | September 18, 1916 |
931828 | Meadows James | Windsor | February 20, 1917 |
931073 | Medford Walter | Aldershot | April 21, 2015 |
931073 | Medford Walter | Sydney | August 4, 1916 |
931142 | Mentus Horace Francis | Pictou | August 15, 1916 |
931076 | Middleton Louis | Halifax | July 31, 1916 |
931313 | Middleton Ralph | Truro | October 13, 1916 |
931372 | Middleton Frank Edward | Truro | December 19, 1916 |
931547 | Miles Harry | Toronto | October 2, 1916 |
931292 | Miller Charles | Truro | October 3, 1916 |
931530 | Miller Russell | London | September 20, 1916 |
931584 | Miller Johnson | Toronto | October 10, 1916 |
931704 | Miller James | Windsor | January 5, 1917 |
931732 | Miller Grover Cleveland | St. Catharines | January 7, 1917 |
931575 | Miner Melvan | Windsor | October 10, 1916 |
931690 | Minnes Chester | Windsor | January 2, 1917 |
931183 | Mitchell Aubrey | Halifax | August 23, 1916 |
931362 | Mitchell Harry | Truro | December 12, 1916 |
931694 | Mitchell William Eugene | Windsor | January 2, 1917 |
931781 | Mitchell John | Windsor | January 30, 1917 |
931813 | Mitchell Vergil | Windsor | February 14, 1917 |
931832 | Mitchell William | Windsor | March 1, 1917 |
931658 | Modiste Walter Haley | Edmonton | November 27, 1916 |
931715 | Monroe John | Windsor | January 5, 1917 |
931060 | Montague Thomas | Sydney | July 27, 1916 |
931777 | Moore Walter | Windsor | January 31, 1917 |
931809 | Moore Avory | Windsor | February 15, 1917 |
931831 | Moore Horace | Windsor | March 1, 1917 |
931679 | Morris John William | Chatham | December 22, 1916 |
931503 | Moxley William Alexander | London | September 5, 1916 |
931505 | Moxley Andrew Melvin | Oakville | April 28, 1916 |
931505 | Moxley Andrew Melvin | London | September 6, 1916 |
931629 | Nealy Louis | Windsor | November 14, 1916 |
931573 | Nelson Charles | Toronto | October 10, 1916 |
931115 | Nichols Herbert | Saint John | August 10, 1916 |
931829 | Nichols Roscoe | Windsor | February 23, 1917 |
931075 | Nicholson Harry | Sydney | August 4, 1916 |
222908 | Norman James Philip | Halifax | October 30, 1915 |
931074 | Nurse Edmund | Sydney | August 2, 1916 |
931347 | O'Neill Herbert Arthur | Truro | November 11, 1916 |
931122 | O'Ree Charles William | Pictou | August 14, 1916 |
931652 | Overton John Stephenson | Welland | December 4, 1916 |
931064 | Owens Charles Alfred | Pictou | July 31, 1916 |
931070 | Owens Naaman | Pictou | July 31, 1916 |
931523 | Owens Robert | London | September 14, 1916 |
931179 | Palmer Timothy | Halifax | August 17, 1916 |
931249 | Palmer George | Truro | September 12, 1916 |
931187 | Pannell Chester | Pictou | August 26, 1916 |
931017 | Paris Joseph Alexander | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931034 | Paris Thomas Sheldon | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931157 | Paris Clifford Osborne | Halifax | August 17, 1916 |
931177 | Paris William Lawrence | Truro | August 21, 1916 |
931197 | Paris Frank Leslie | Truro | August 7, 1916 |
931204 | Paris Gordon | Halifax | August 28, 1916 |
931231 | Paris Norman Wilford | Digby | February 7, 1916 |
931231 | Paris Norman Wilford | Digby | August 5, 1916 |
931257 | Paris John | Halifax | September 16, 1916 |
931337 | Parker Laurie | Truro | October 31, 1916 |
931387 | Parker William Richmond | Kentville | December 22, 1916 |
931821 | Parker Anthony | Windsor | February 14, 1917 |
931004 | Parris James | Halifax | July 19, 1916 |
931027 | Parris Marshall | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931031 | Parris James Walter | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931056 | Parris Clement | Sydney | July 27, 1916 |
931307 | Parris William Winslow | Truro | October 10, 1916 |
931386 | Parris Garfield | Truro | December 30, 1916 |
931506 | Patterson Frederick | Windsor | September 8, 1916 |
931626 | Patterson John Leonard | Toronto | November 10, 1916 |
931826 | Payne Charles | Windsor | February 17, 1917 |
931365 | Peacock George Stephen | Truro | December 10, 1916 |
931696 | Peavy Harold | Welland | December 19, 1916 |
931723 | Perkins Anderson Edward | Windsor | January 8, 1917 |
931596 | Pettiford Jesse Finch | Winnipeg | September 21, 1916 |
931221 | Phillips Stephen | Pictou | September 5, 1916 |
931722 | Phillips Henry | Windsor | January 8, 1917 |
931770 | Phillips Robert | Windsor | January 27, 1917 |
931793 | Phillips Charles | Windsor | January 30, 1917 |
931514 | Phoenix Clifford | London | September 11, 1916 |
931049 | Pierce John Wesley | Windsor | July 26, 1916 |
931061 | Pilgrim George | Sydney | July 27, 1916 |
931591 | Platt Abe | Winnipeg | October 21, 1916 |
931085 | Pleasant Wallace James | Weymouth | July 27, 1916 |
931277 | Plummer Samuel H | Truro | October 2, 1916 |
931807 | Pointer Ed | Windsor | February 12, 1917 |
931524 | Points Robert | Windsor | September 12, 1916 |
931765 | Prather Gus | Windsor | January 26, 1917 |
931578 | Randolph Robert Clifton | Windsor | October 13, 1916 |
931018 | Reddick George William | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931042 | Reddick James Albert | Truro | July 18, 1916 |
931617 | Redman Daniel | Vancouver | October 30, 1916 |
902479 | Reece Samuel | Truro | May 17, 1916 |
931024 | Reid Thomas | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931782 | Reid John Walker | Windsor | January 31, 1917 |
931114 | Richards Percy James | Saint John | August 10, 1916 |
931326 | Richards William Francis | Saint John | October 14, 1916 |
931094 | Richardson William | Halifax | August 6, 1916 |
931393 | Roachford Walton Lindsay | Halifax | January 4, 1917 |
931645 | Robbins Frederick Arthur | North Buxton | November 17, 1916 |
931561 | Robinson Charles | Youngstown | September 21, 1916 |
931572 | Robinson Louis Woodward | Windsor | October 5, 1916 |
931641 | Robinson William | Windsor | November 23, 1916 |
931671 | Robinson William | Winnipeg | December 11, 1916 |
931605 | Rochester Willoghby | Windsor | October 27, 1916 |
931651 | Rodgers William | Windsor | December 4, 1916 |
931038 | Ross Charles | Halifax | July 24, 1916 |
931232 | Ross Stephen | Halifax | September 5, 1916 |
931253 | Ruggles Harry | Truro | September 18, 1916 |
931329 | Sadleir James Albert | Saint John | October 14, 1916 |
931787 | Sallee Clarence | Windsor | February 2, 1917 |
931097 | Samson Daniel | Halifax | August 7, 1916 |
931007 | Samuels Wilford Martin | Halifax | July 20, 1916 |
931127 | Sargeant Rufus | Sydney | August 5, 1916 |
931780 | Sargeant Samuel | Windsor | January 30, 1917 |
931230 | Sasso William | Halifax | September 27, 1916 |
931733 | Savage William | St. Catharines | January 7, 1917 |
931643 | Schita Valdo | Hamilton | November 24, 1916 |
931714 | Scott George | Windsor | January 6, 1917 |
931011 | Sealy Edward | Halifax | July 21, 1916 |
931256 | Seavers Frank Arthur | Montreal | September 14, 1916 |
931136 | Shepard Robert | New Glasgow | August 10, 1916 |
931275 | Shepard John Joseph | Truro | September 22, 1916 |
931129 | Sheppard Charles | Sydney | August 5, 1916 |
931610 | Shreve George Bolivar | Chatham | November 2, 1916 |
931611 | Shuler Andrew | Hamilton | November 1, 1916 |
931823 | Shuler Freeman Henry | Hamilton | February 13, 1917 |
931212 | Simmons Harold | Pictou | August 22, 1916 |
931296 | Simmons Aubrey | Truro | October 4, 1916 |
931810 | Simmons James | Windsor | February 14, 1917 |
931391 | Simms Robert | Truro | January 3, 1917 |
931325 | Simpson Charles | Saint John | October 14, 1916 |
931385 | Sims Arthur | Truro | December 30, 1916 |
931415 | Skinner Adolphus Francis | Truro | February 9, 1917 |
931119 | Smith George Lexington | Pictou | August 14, 1916 |
931134 | Smith William | New Glasgow | August 10, 1916 |
931215 | Smith Charles Nathan M | Yarmouth | September 4, 1916 |
931236 | Smith John | Windsor, NS | September 4, 1916 |
931371 | Smith Reuben Alexander | Truro | December 30, 1916 |
931551 | Smith Lafayette | Windsor | October 3, 1916 |
931577 | Smith Narvaes | Windsor | October 11, 1917 |
931661 | Smith Howard | Windsor | December 12, 1916 |
931740 | Smith Samuel | Windsor | January 13, 1917 |
931746 | Smith Mannie | Windsor | January 18, 1917 |
931753 | Smith William | Toronto | January 16, 1917 |
931771 | Smith Willie | Windsor | January 27, 1917 |
931797 | Smith Arthur | Windsor | February 8, 1917 |
931360 | Smithers William | Truro | December 12, 1916 |
931410 | Some Charlie | Halifax | January 13, 1917 |
931531 | Spencer Martin | Windsor | October 3, 1916 |
931582 | Squire Parker Eugene | Windsor | October 10, 1916 |
684608 | St. Clair Earle | Valcartier | July 4, 1916 |
931178 | States Harold | Windsor, NS | August 21, 1916 |
931237 | States Cornelius | Windsor, NS | September 4, 1916 |
931806 | Stephen David | Windsor | February 13, 1917 |
931300 | Stephenson Hallet Frederick | Truro | October 4, 1916 |
931338 | Stephenson Ernest Alanzo | Truro | October 31, 1916 |
931174 | Stevens Arthur | Yarmouth | August 8, 1916 |
931217 | Stevens Leslie Hiram | Yarmouth | September 4, 1916 |
931310 | Stevens John William | Yarmouth | October 7, 1916 |
931383 | Stevenson Moses | Truro | December 30, 1916 |
931402 | Steward David Alfred | Halifax | January 11, 1917 |
931403 | Steward Nathaniel | Truro | January 1, 1917 |
931751 | Steward Percy | Windsor | January 19, 1917 |
931080 | Stewart Charles | Montreal | March 15, 1916 |
931080 | Stewart Charles Edward | Pictou | August 5, 1916 |
931322 | Stewart George William | Saint John | October 14, 1916 |
931674 | Stewart Horace | Windsor | December 27, 1916 |
931763 | Stewart James | Windsor | January 26, 1917 |
931756 | Stone Joseph | Windsor | January 22, 1917 |
931128 | Stoute Seifert | Sydney | August 5, 1916 |
931196 | Street David | Sydney | August 21, 1916 |
931502 | Sullivan John | Toronto | September 1, 1916 |
931736 | Sullivan John Lewis | St. Catharines | January 7, 1917 |
931209 | Sullivan Julian | Pictou | September 1, 1916 |
931513 | Sumlar James | Windsor | September 11, 1916 |
931836 | Suttles Harry Franklin | Truro | March 13, 1917 |
931025 | Sylvie George | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931357 | Symonds Richard | Truro | December 12, 1916 |
931010 | Tabb Harold Coleman | Halifax | July 24, 1916 |
931516 | T Albert Frank William | Toronto | September 12, 1916 |
931021 | Talbot William John | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931022 | Talbot Angus | New Glasgow | July 26, 1916 |
931046 | Talbot James Alexander | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931047 | Talbot James Ivan | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931048 | Talbot Wallace | New Glasgow | July 25, 1916 |
931164 | Talbot Ernest Edward | Sydney | August 10, 1916 |
931290 | Talbot George William | Pictou | October 2, 1916 |
931266 | Taylor William Isaac | Montreal | September 16, 1916 |
931588 | Taylor Charles | Truro | March 16, 1917 |
931757 | Taylor Arthur | Windsor | January 24, 1917 |
931788 | Taylor John | Windsor | February 3, 1917 |
931789 | Taylor William | Windsor | February 5, 1917 |
931099 | Thomas Joseph | Halifax | August 7, 1916 |
931117 | Thomas Percy William | Saint John | August 11, 1916 |
931340 | Thomas William Joseph | Truro | November 3, 1916 |
931507 | Thomas Robert Sumner | Windsor | September 8, 1916 |
931709 | Thomas William | Windsor | January 7, 1917 |
931306 | Thompson Charles | Halifax | October 6, 1916 |
931543 | Thompson William Martin | Chatham | September 26, 1916 |
931545 | Thompson Enick | Chatham | September 26, 1916 |
931251 | Thorne Arden Rufus | Truro | September 15, 1916 |
931752 | Thornton Samuel | Hamilton | January 15, 1917 |
931717 | Tivis John Bennett | Windsor | January 5, 1917 |
931519 | Tolbert James Arthur | Windsor | September 5, 1916 |
931003 | Tolliver William | Halifax | July 19, 1916 |
931389 | Tolliver George Washington | Truro | December 30, 1916 |
931634 | Toulmin Alexander | Windsor | November 20, 1916 |
931418 | Treling Frank | Halifax | February 19, 1917 |
931666 | Trice Ben | Windsor | December 14, 1916 |
931222 | Tucker Alfred Gray | Amherst | August 14, 1916 |
931711 | Tucker Ulysses Grant | Windsor | January 6, 1917 |
931653 | Tudor Alfred Augustus | Windsor | December 4, 1916 |
931234 | Tully Reginald | Halifax | September 2, 1916 |
931100 | Turner Harry | Halifax | August 7, 1916 |
931180 | Turner John | Halifax | August 21, 1916 |
931233 | Turner Benjamin Paris | Halifax | September 1, 1916 |
931299 | Turner Russell | Truro | October 4, 1916 |
931334 | Turner Samuel | Windsor | NS October 18, 1916 |
931343 | Turner Joseph | Windsor | NS October 28, 1916 |
931811 | Turner Will | Windsor | February 14, 1917 |
931111 | Tyler Charles Elijah | Saint John | August 10, 1916 |
931239 | Tyler Arthur Seymour | Saint John | September 14, 1916 |
931250 | Tyler Fletcher | Bridgetown | September 16, 1916 |
931044 | Tynes Harry Henry | Truro | July 20, 1916 |
931247 | Tynes Reggie | Halifax | September 12, 1916 |
931304 | Tynes Frederick | Truro | October 10, 1916 |
931348 | Tynes Archie | Halifax | November 20, 1916 |
931412 | Tynes Byron Hatfield | Dartmouth | January 4, 1917 |
931416 | Tynes James Frederick | Halifax | January 17, 1917 |
931526 | Vandross Joshua Daniel | Windsor | September 14, 1916 |
931667 | Vandyke Clarence | Chatham | December 14, 1916 |
931676 | Vassar Perkin | Moose Jaw | December 18, 1916 |
931767 | Vines Kelly | Windsor | January 27, 1917 |
931824 | Virgil Damascus | Edmonton | February 5, 1917 |
931346 | Waith Evans | Truro | November 8, 1916 |
243638 | Waldrow Charles Octavius | Montreal | July 8, 1916 |
931544 | Wales James Huston | Dresden | September 29, 1916 |
931627 | Wallace Samuel E. | Windsor | November 13, 1916 |
931670 | Wallace John Henry | Chatham | December 11, 1916 |
931639 | Walton Charles | Winnipeg | November 16, 1916 |
931764 | Walton Archer | Windsor | January 26, 1917 |
931680 | Ward Ray | Chatham | December 27, 1916 |
931686 | Ward Joseph | Windsor | January 2, 1917 |
931656 | Ware William James | Calgary | November 24, 1916 |
931657 | Ware Arthur Nelson | Calgary | November 25, 1916 |
931413 | Washington Edward Syeth | Truro | January 27, 1917 |
931555 | Washington Benjamin | Edmonton | September 16, 1916 |
931095 | Watkins Leroy | Halifax | August 7, 1916 |
1021281 | Watson James Prince | Albert | January 4, 1916 |
739886 | Weatherfoot Alvin | Dunnville | September 27, 2016 |
931587 | Webster John Robin | Hamilton | October 17, 1916 |
931597 | Webster Harrison | Saskatoon | October 20, 1916 |
931369 | Welch James Edward | Truro | December 8, 1916 |
931716 | Welford John | Windsor | January 5, 1917 |
931316 | Wesley William | Truro | October 13, 1916 |
931175 | Wesley Benjamin | Yarmouth | August 15, 1916 |
931564 | West Quester | Youngstown | September 21, 1916 |
931607 | Wharton William | Windsor | November 1, 1916 |
931133 | Whelan George Alfred | Pictou | August 14, 1916 |
931613 | Whims Robert Clark | Victoria | October 24, 1916 |
931614 | Whims James Douglas | Victoria | October 24, 1916 |
931750 | Whistnant Judge | Edmonton | December 27, 1916 |
931638 | Whitaker Joseph | Edmonton | November 8, 1916 |
931808 | Whitaker John | Windsor | February 14, 1917 |
931533 | White George | Windsor | September 21, 1916 |
931706 | White Jesse | Windsor | January 5, 1917 |
931210 | Whitford William | Halifax | August 31, 1916 |
931702 | Wigfall Jesse | Windsor | January 3, 1917 |
672681 | Wildman Robert | Montreal | August 11, 1916 |
931681 | Wildman Robert | Montreal | August 11, 1916 |
931775 | Wiliams Frank | Windsor | January 29, 1917 |
931116 | Williams Charles Frederick | Saint John | August 10, 1916 |
931160 | Williams Roy | Halifax | August 12, 1916 |
931185 | Williams Samuel Austin | Halifax | August 17, 1916 |
931208 | Williams Nathaniel | Pictou | September 1, 1916 |
931259 | Williams John | Halifax | September 12, 1916 |
931536 | Williams John Charles | St. Catharines | September 26, 1916 |
931560 | Williams William | Youngstown | September 21, 1916 |
931624 | Williams Henry | Windsor | November 11, 1916 |
931646 | Williams Clinton | Windsor | November 29, 1916 |
931665 | Williams Edward | Windsor | December 12, 1916 |
931684 | Williams Coleman | Windsor | December 30, 1916 |
931796 | Williams Eugene | Windsor | February 8, 1917 |
931798 | Williams Sylvester | Windsor | February 18, 1917 |
931799 | Williams John | Windsor | February 8, 1917 |
931837 | Williams Tillman McKinley | Truro | February 13, 1917 |
931744 | Willis John | Windsor | January 17, 1917 |
931008 | Wilson William | Halifax | July 20, 1916 |
931169 | Wilson James Arlington | Halifax | August 17, 1916 |
931176 | Wilson Austin | Yarmouth | August15, 1916 |
931181 | Wilson Harry Nathaniel | Halifax | August 17, 1916 |
931229 | Wilson Gordon Charles | Halifax | September 2, 1916 |
931642 | Wilson Harvey | Windsor | November 24, 1916 |
931664 | Wilson Ottinger | Windsor | December 12, 1916 |
931537 | Wimbish George | St. Catharines | September 26, 1916 |
2073 | Wintworth James Edward | Vancouver | September 16, 1916 |
931710 | Woods Neil | Windsor | January 7, 1917 |
931672 | Woodson John | Winnipeg | December 11, 1916 |
931518 | Wright Willoughby James | Windsor | September 8, 1916 |
931574 | Wright James Hillier | Windsor | October 10, 1916 |
931603 | Wright Cornelius | Chatham | October 23, 1916 |
931616 | Wright Harry | Victoria | October 23, 1916 |
931687 | Wright Henry | Windsor | January 2, 1917 |
931145 | Young John James | Pictou | August 16, 1916 |
931375 | Young Stanley Charles | Liverpool | December 26, 1916 |
931705 | Young Nathaniel | Windsor | January 5, 1917 |
931784 | Young William | Windsor | January 31, 1917 |
931790 | Young Robert Andrew | Windsor | February 5, 1917 |
931207 | Young James | Pictou | August 31, 1916 |
931677 | Young John | Moose Jaw | December 18, 1916 |
931729 | Youngstein Charley | Windsor | January 9, 1917 |
931527 | Zeigler Rubin | Toronto | September 18, 1916 |
Appendix B: NAAC Terms of Reference
No. 2 Construction Bn National Advisory Committee
2021-2022
No. 2 Construction Bn Apology Events Terms of Reference
- Vision
- Mandate
- Membership of the Steering Committee
- Membership of the National Advisory Committee
- Sub-committees
- Desired Outcomes of the National Advisory Committee
- Meeting Frequency
- Communication and Relationships to Other Committees
- Budget
- Governance Principles
Vision
The Department of National Defence and the Canadian Armed Forces through the Canadian Army will conduct an apology and perpetuation event in July of 2022 in honour of the No. 2 Construction Bn and its descendants to recognize the struggle through adversity they endured to serve in the Canadian Armed Forces in the First World War.
Mandate
The mandate of the National Advisory Committee (NAC) for the No. 2 Construction Bn Apology event is to advise and/or provide meaningful input to the Steering Committee on the following:
- Advise of appropriate historical information about the No. 2 Construction Bn;
- Organize and facilitate satellite and momentum activities;
- Facilitate important discussions with descendants, community members and stakeholders throughout the country, and where descendants exist;
- Facilitate the identification of descendants.
The apology event will be organized and planned by the Steering Committee comprised of members of the Canadian Army and members of the Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia (BCCNS). The Apology event will coincide with the Annual Commemoration Ceremony annually organized by the BCCNS in July 2022. This apology event will ensure that the No. 2 Construction Bn is perpetuated in Canadian history. The National Advisory Committee mandate will come to end in September 2022 after the Apology event has been conducted and after an after-action report have been compiled.
Consultations for the No. 2 Construction Bn apology event will be led by the Steering Committee that will guide the work of the National Advisory Committee.
The Steering Committee and the National Advisory Committee were established in the Spring and Summer of 2021 respectively.
This initiative has been established to inform the planning of the apology event and to support outreach activities.
There will be a three-phase reporting schedule:
Phase One: August to December 2021
- Provide advice on the proposed Apology events plan of July 2022 as presented by the Steering Committee;
- Planning of satellite events to educate and inform the general public about the No. 2 Construction Bn;
- Provide advice on the public discussions sessions happening throughout Canada;
- Provide guidance on what committees should be established;
- Provide insight to help find and invite descendants and key stakeholders to the July 2022 Events.
Phase Two: January 2022 to July 2022
- Execution of satellite events to educate and inform the general public about the No. 2 Construction Bn (creating momentum);
- Provide advice and input for the progression of the planning of the Apology event of July 2022;
- Provide insight to help find and invite descendants and key stakeholders to the July 2022 Events.
Phase Three: August to September 2022
- Provide input to compile an after-action report, following the July 2022 Apology event;
- Provide advice as to how this committee can continue its work beyond September 2022.
Membership of the Steering Committee
The Steering Committee is comprised of eight key leaders from the Canadian Army, the Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia and the Black Canadian community with a vested interest in the No. 2 Construction Bn. These members may change over the course of the planning of the events and National Advisory members would be informed upon such change. One member from the Canadian Armed Forces and one member of the Black Canadian community, will serve as co-chairs, namely:
- Mr. Russell Grosse
Executive Director, Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia - Lieutenant-Colonel Barry Pitcher
No. 2 Construction Bn Outreach & Engagement Lead, Canadian Army
The Steering Committee will:
- Chair the meetings of the National Advisory Committee to provide strategic direction, as well as the mandate, goals, and timelines.
- Determine and provide an agenda for meetings with the National Advisory Committee. National Advisors can provide recommendations and agenda items in writing at least 3 days prior to meetings by emailing :
no2.cef@gmail.com - Provide information and documentation through a Google Drive portal
- Provide ongoing direction to the National Advisory Committee, and subcommittees.
- Receive and share recommendations as the primary conduit of information for the Canadian Army and the Department of National Defence.
- Liaise with the Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia as the subject matter experts in planning and organizing an annual commemoration event for the No. 2 Construction Bn.
- Collaborate in the development of a sustainability plan to maintain a website (www.no2-cef.ca) that will act as a history and living repository for the Men and the descendants of the No. 2 Construction Bn.
- Engage No. 2 Construction Bn Stakeholders within their communities through consultation activities.
- Plan and execute satellite events that create momentum for the Apology event.
- Identify and report challenges and barriers that may impact the successful implementation of the Apology event.
- Make recommendations to the Steering Committee about the nature of the apology event.
The members of the Steering Committee are as follows:
Members of the Steering Committee
Mr. Douglas Ruck
Spokesperson for No. 2 Construction Bn Community
Mr. Russell Grosse
Executive Director Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia
Mr. Craig Smith
Descendant and Community Historian
Mr. Craig Gibson
Honorary Col WNSR & Member of Black Cultural Centre Board
DND/CAF & Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia
LCol Barry Pitcher
No. 2 Construction Bn Outreach & Engagement Lead
DND/CAF
LCol Hope Carr
Public Affairs
DND/CAF
Mr. Vance White
Manager Outreach
DND/CAF
Membership of the National Advisory Committee
The National Advisory Committee will be comprised of approximately thirty members with representation from across the country. New members may be nominated by the members of the National Advisory Committee and will be appointed at the discretion of the Steering Committee. The co-chairs are:
- Mr. Russell Grosse
Executive Director, Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia - Lieutenant-Colonel Barry Pitcher
No. 2 Construction Bn Outreach & Engagement Lead, Canadian Army
The National Advisory Committee will:
As members of the National Advisory Committee can change, ambassadors for Western, Central, Atlantic Canada and Outside of Canada will be appointed by the Steering Committee to act as a link for members in that region. This Canadian Army (CA) Ambassador will assist national advisors and the Steering Committee locally for the planning and execution of satellite events.
CA Ambassadors for the National Advisory Committee
Second Lieutenant Jerome Downey
Jerome.Downey@forces.gc.ca
CAF Ambassador on behalf of Atlantic Canada
Captain Kevin Junor
Kevin.Junor@forces.gc.ca
CAF Ambassador on behalf of Central Canada
TBC
CAF Ambassador on behalf of Central Canada (French)
TBC
CAF Ambassador on behalf of Western Canada
TBC
CAF Ambassador on behalf of Outside Canada
Sub-committees
As a result of the amount of information and work to organize and plan such an event, assistance will be required from National Advisory Committee members to be part of at least one sub-committee. Each sub-committee will have an assigned champion. The sub-committees will be as follows:
- History and Public Education
- Logistics
- Communications and Community Engagement
- Atlantic Region (P.E.I., N.S., Nfld., N.B.)
- Central Region (Nunavut, Que., Ont.)
- Western Region (B.C., N.W.T., Man., Atla., Sask., Yukon)
Desired Outcomes of the National Advisory Committee
- Gather recommendations and seek input from regional consultations on what makes the Government of Canada Apology meaningful.
- Produce a final report after the end of the consultations that includes:
- Recommendations (do’s and don’t’s) from all consultations,
- Compile educational material and provide to provincial education systems,
- Provide accurate historical content,
- Coordination and recommendation of viable satellite events,
- Organization of momentum events to create regional awareness,
- Identification and maintenance of communication with descendants locally
- Creation of opportunities for a legacy that sustains the history.
- This report will be shared by the Steering Committee to the Commander of the Canadian Army and through the Chain of Command to reach the Strategic Joint Staff (SJS) and the Minister of National Defence Office (MNDO). The report will provide recommendations and guidance for the execution of the Apology event.
Meeting Frequency
The Steering Committee will meet bi-weekly, and as required. The National Advisory Committee will meet on the last Thursday of every month at 6:30 PM Eastern Time, except for the month of December 2021, where the meeting will occur on Dec 16th due to the Holiday leave period. Town hall consultations with community members and descendants will be hosted by the Black Cultural Centre for Nova Scotia on behalf of the Government of Canada. National Advisory Committee members will be requested to assist with the planning and spreading of the word to ensure wide participation of descendants and the No. 2 Construction Bn community.
COMMUNICATION AND RELATIONSHIPS TO OTHER COMMITTEES
The Steering Committee will ensure ongoing communication with the Canadian Army, the Strategic Joint Staff, DND/CAF leadership, internal working groups and other relevant internal and external stakeholders. With the assistance of Lieutenant-Colonel Barry Pitcher, No. 2 Construction Bn Outreach & Engagement Lead and Mr. Vance White, Stakeholder Engagement and Outreach Manager, and, the Steering Committee will ensure communication as required with the following stakeholders:
- Minister of National Defence Office (MNDO)
- Chief of the Defence Staff Office (CDSO)
- Strategic Joint Staff (SJS)
- Directorate of Human Rights and Diversity (DHRD), Canadian Armed Forces (CAF)
- And all other relevant stakeholders (as recommended and/or required)
- Flow of Communication
Budget
The National Advisory Committee, and sub-committees, have no allocated budget. The National Advisory Committee will be responsible to assist the Government of Canada with the planning and facilitation of one consultation in the various regions of Canada (Atlantic, Central, Western). These consultations will have limited funding to support the broadcasting and room rentals but must be planned in advance to respect Treasury Board Directives. Requests must be submitted to the Steering Committee co-chairs.
The Government of Canada will not provide funding for travel of National Advisors to attend meetings as all meetings will have a virtual component to reduce the risk of the spread of COVID-19.
Furthermore, the positions on the committee are on a volunteer basis.
Governance Principles
Reaching Consensus:
- Recommendations provided by the NAC will be considered by the SC.
- The SC will work to incorporate recommendations into plans where feasible, ensuring actions are within GoC policies as it pertains to support provided by DND/CAF.
- Recognizing there may be varying positions on different issues, appropriate consensus will be sought on disputed topics, with the SC having final decision.
Committee chairs will ensure:
- Commitment to good governance: Co-chairs will provide clear strategic direction, summarize the discussions, and review outstanding items;
- Commitment to communication: Members will ensure efficient functioning and consistency in messaging, the members may debrief their management teams and employees on general presentations made to the committees;
- Shared ownership: Members will operate in a collaborative manner and will contribute to the discussion from a horizontal perspective;
- Perspective: Members will contribute to the discussion and participation will consist of attending more than two thirds of the scheduled meetings;
- Preparedness: Members are asked to be prepared in advance of meetings;
- Challenge: Members will be encouraged to offer a constructive challenge function and will be encouraged to bring proposals forward at initial stages;
- Discipline: Members will respect each other and ensure they contribute in making this committee a safe working environment. No profanities, verbal abuse, or bullying will be tolerated.
Appendix C – Known immediate descendants
(Redacted in accordance with the Privacy Act)
Legend:
Name
Relationship
Soldier / Place
redacted member
Daughter
TBC
redacted location
redacted member
Daughter
Arthur Seymour Tyler
redacted location
redacted member
Son
Norman Kenneth Phee
redacted location
redacted member
Daughter
Arthur Seymour Tyler
redacted location
redacted member
Son
Joseph Alexander Parris
redacted location
redacted member
Daughter
redacted member
Son
redacted member
Son
redacted member
Son
George Richard Dixon
redacted location
redacted member
redacted location
redacted member
redacted location
redacted member
redacted location
redacted member
redacted location
redacted member
redacted location
redacted member
redacted location
redacted member
redacted location
redacted member
redacted location
redacted member
redacted location
redacted member
redacted location
redacted member
redacted location
redacted member
redacted location
redacted member
redacted location
redacted member
redacted location
redacted member
redacted location
John Smith
redacted location
redacted member
Son
John Smith
redacted location
Appendix D: Registered Descendant List
(Redacted in accordance with the Privacy Act)
- There are 350 listed members
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