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Fiscal Reference Tables 2021: Part 9 of 9

International Fiscal Comparisons

Table 51
G7 general government revenue
National Accounts basis
(per cent of GDP)
Year Canada United
States		 Japan United
Kingdom		 Germany France Italy G7 average(1)
1980 36.9 - 26.4 36.3 - 46.0 - -
1981 38.9 - 27.7 37.7 - 46.6 - -
1982 39.5 - 27.9 38.7 - 47.4 - -
1983 39.0 - 27.9 37.4 - 48.2 - -
1984 38.8 - 28.6 37.2 - 48.9 - -
1985 38.7 - 29.0 37.0 - 49.3 - -
1986 39.5 - 29.0 35.9 - 48.7 - -
1987 39.7 - 30.2 34.9 - 49.3 - -
1988 40.3 - 30.3 34.6 - 48.1 37.6 -
1989 40.5 - 30.3 34.3 - 47.7 38.4 -
1990 42.2 - 31.3 33.6 - 47.7 42.9 -
1991 43.1 - 30.9 33.2 43.3 48.4 44.1 -
1992 43.3 - 30.8 32.5 44.7 48.0 46.6 -
1993 42.5 - 29.7 31.2 45.1 48.8 47.9 -
1994 42.1 - 29.0 31.8 45.8 49.2 46.1 -
1995 42.2 - 29.1 32.7 45.7 49.7 44.4 -
1996 42.8 - 28.9 32.2 45.8 51.0 44.9 -
1997 43.5 - 29.6 32.9 45.6 50.9 46.5 -
1998 43.5 - 28.6 34.1 45.6 50.5 45.2 -
1999 43.4 - 28.8 34.7 46.5 51.0 45.4 -
2000 43.2 - 28.7 35.4 46.2 50.3 44.1 -
2001 41.6 32.3 29.0 35.1 44.4 50.3 44.1 35.0
2002 40.2 29.9 28.1 34.1 44.0 49.6 43.8 33.6
2003 40.1 29.3 27.6 34.1 44.6 49.3 44.0 33.7
2004 39.9 29.5 28.4 35.0 43.5 49.4 43.4 34.1
2005 40.1 30.9 29.1 35.4 43.5 49.9 43.2 34.9
2006 40.5 31.7 30.0 35.6 43.6 50.4 44.2 35.6
2007 40.3 31.7 30.2 35.9 43.7 49.9 45.4 36.0
2008 39.0 30.5 30.0 35.9 44.1 50.0 45.3 35.6
2009 39.5 28.2 29.0 34.6 45.1 50.0 46.0 34.2
2010 38.3 28.8 28.7 35.5 43.8 50.0 45.7 34.1
2011 38.3 29.1 29.6 36.1 44.4 51.1 45.6 34.7
2012 38.4 29.1 30.4 36.1 44.9 52.1 47.6 34.8
2013 38.5 31.3 31.2 36.5 45.0 53.1 48.1 36.3
2014 38.5 31.4 32.8 35.6 44.9 53.3 47.9 36.5
2015 40.0 31.7 33.6 35.8 45.1 53.2 47.8 36.3
2016 40.3 31.2 33.6 36.3 45.5 53.0 46.7 36.1
2017 40.3 30.8 33.6 36.8 45.5 53.5 46.3 35.9
2018 41.1 30.1 34.3 36.8 46.2 53.4 46.2 35.8
2019 41.5 30.1 34.2 36.6 46.5 52.3 47.1 35.6
2020 41.9 30.6 34.8 36.6 46.5 52.6 47.8 36.0
Sources: IMF, World Economic Outlook database and Fiscal Monitor (October 2021).
(1) G7 average weighted by nominal GDP converted to U.S. dollars at average market exchange rates.
Table 52
G7 general government total expenditure
National Accounts basis
(per cent of GDP)
Year Canada United
States		 Japan United
Kingdom		 Germany France Italy G7 average(1)
1980 41.0 - 30.8 39.2 - 46.4 - -
1981 41.8 - 31.5 41.5 - 49.0 - -
1982 46.4 - 31.8 41.0 - 50.2 - -
1983 47.0 - 31.9 40.2 - 50.7 - -
1984 46.8 - 31.2 40.4 - 51.7 - -
1985 47.5 - 30.4 39.5 - 52.3 - -
1986 46.8 - 30.4 38.2 - 51.9 - -
1987 45.4 - 30.6 36.5 - 51.3 - -
1988 44.8 - 29.8 34.3 - 50.6 48.1 -
1989 45.3 - 29.1 33.7 - 49.5 49.3 -
1990 48.1 - 29.4 35.0 - 50.1 54.0 -
1991 51.4 - 29.2 35.8 46.5 51.3 55.1 -
1992 52.5 - 30.2 37.9 47.3 52.6 56.6 -
1993 51.5 - 32.1 37.9 48.2 55.2 57.6 -
1994 49.0 - 32.8 37.6 48.3 54.6 54.9 -
1995 47.7 - 33.5 37.7 55.1 54.8 51.6 -
1996 45.9 - 33.9 35.7 49.4 54.9 51.5 -
1997 43.5 - 33.1 34.8 48.6 54.5 49.5 -
1998 43.4 - 38.7 34.4 48.1 52.9 48.2 -
1999 41.8 - 35.6 34.0 48.2 52.6 47.2 -
2000 40.6 - 36.0 34.1 47.8 51.7 46.5 -
2001 41.1 32.8 35.5 34.8 47.4 51.7 47.3 37.1
2002 40.4 33.7 35.9 35.9 47.9 52.8 46.7 37.8
2003 40.3 34.0 35.6 37.2 48.3 53.3 47.2 38.5
2004 39.1 33.7 34.2 38.1 46.8 53.0 46.9 38.1
2005 38.5 33.9 34.1 38.6 46.8 53.3 47.2 38.2
2006 38.7 33.7 33.6 38.4 45.2 52.9 47.8 37.9
2007 38.5 34.6 33.6 38.5 43.4 52.6 46.8 38.3
2008 38.8 37.1 34.5 41.0 44.2 53.3 47.8 40.1
2009 43.4 41.4 39.1 44.6 48.2 57.2 51.1 44.1
2010 43.1 39.8 38.1 44.8 48.1 56.9 49.9 42.9
2011 41.6 38.8 39.0 43.6 45.2 56.3 49.2 42.1
2012 40.9 37.1 39.0 43.7 44.9 57.1 50.6 41.2
2013 40.0 35.8 39.1 42.0 44.9 57.2 51.0 40.6
2014 38.4 35.4 38.7 41.2 44.3 57.2 50.9 40.1
2015 40.0 35.2 37.6 40.3 44.1 56.8 50.3 39.3
2016 40.8 35.6 37.5 39.6 44.4 56.7 49.1 39.4
2017 40.5 35.5 36.9 39.3 44.2 56.5 48.8 39.2
2018 40.9 35.6 37.0 39.0 44.3 55.6 48.4 39.3
2019 41.0 35.8 37.3 38.9 45.0 55.4 48.6 39.3
2020 52.8 45.4 45.0 49.1 50.8 61.8 57.3 48.2
Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook database and Fiscal Monitor (October 2021).
(1) G7 average weighted by nominal GDP converted to U.S. dollars at average market exchange rates.
Table 53
G7 general government overall balance
National Accounts basis
(per cent of GDP)
Year Canada United
States		 Japan United
Kingdom		 Germany France Italy G7 average(1)
1980 -4.0 - -4.4 -2.8 - -0.4 - -
1981 -2.9 - -3.9 -3.8 - -2.4 - -
1982 -6.9 - -3.8 -2.3 - -2.8 - -
1983 -8.0 - -4.0 -2.9 - -2.5 - -
1984 -7.9 - -2.6 -3.2 - -2.7 - -
1985 -8.8 - -1.4 -2.5 - -3.0 - -
1986 -7.3 - -1.4 -2.3 - -3.2 - -
1987 -5.7 - -0.4 -1.6 - -2.0 - -
1988 -4.5 - 0.5 0.3 - -2.6 -10.5 -
1989 -4.7 - 1.2 0.6 - -1.8 -10.9 -
1990 -5.9 - 2.0 -1.4 - -2.4 -11.1 -
1991 -8.4 - 1.7 -2.7 -3.2 -2.9 -11.0 -
1992 -9.2 - 0.6 -5.5 -2.6 -4.6 -10.0 -
1993 -8.9 - -2.4 -6.7 -3.1 -6.4 -9.7 -
1994 -6.9 - -3.8 -5.7 -2.5 -5.4 -8.8 -
1995 -5.5 - -4.3 -5.0 -9.4 -5.1 -7.2 -
1996 -3.1 - -4.9 -3.5 -3.6 -3.9 -6.6 -
1997 0.0 - -3.6 -2.0 -2.9 -3.7 -3.0 -
1998 0.1 - -10.1 -0.3 -2.6 -2.4 -3.0 -
1999 1.7 - -6.8 0.6 -1.7 -1.6 -1.8 -
2000 2.6 - -7.4 1.4 -1.6 -1.3 -2.4 -
2001 0.5 -0.5 -6.5 0.2 -3.0 -1.4 -3.2 -2.1
2002 -0.2 -3.8 -7.8 -1.9 -3.9 -3.2 -2.9 -4.2
2003 -0.1 -4.8 -8.0 -3.1 -3.7 -4.0 -3.2 -4.8
2004 0.8 -4.2 -5.9 -3.1 -3.3 -3.6 -3.5 -4.0
2005 1.6 -3.1 -5.0 -3.1 -3.3 -3.4 -4.1 -3.3
2006 1.8 -2.0 -3.5 -2.8 -1.7 -2.4 -3.6 -2.3
2007 1.8 -2.9 -3.3 -2.6 0.3 -2.6 -1.3 -2.3
2008 0.2 -6.6 -4.5 -5.1 -0.1 -3.3 -2.6 -4.5
2009 -3.9 -13.2 -10.1 -10.0 -3.2 -7.2 -5.1 -9.9
2010 -4.7 -11.0 -9.5 -9.2 -4.4 -6.9 -4.2 -8.8
2011 -3.3 -9.7 -9.3 -7.5 -0.9 -5.2 -3.6 -7.4
2012 -2.5 -8.0 -8.5 -7.6 0.0 -5.0 -2.9 -6.5
2013 -1.5 -4.5 -7.9 -5.5 0.0 -4.1 -2.9 -4.3
2014 0.2 -4.0 -5.9 -5.5 0.6 -3.9 -3.0 -3.6
2015 -0.1 -3.5 -3.9 -4.5 1.0 -3.6 -2.6 -3.0
2016 -0.5 -4.3 -3.8 -3.3 1.2 -3.6 -2.4 -3.3
2017 -0.1 -4.6 -3.3 -2.4 1.3 -3.0 -2.4 -3.3
2018 0.3 -5.4 -2.7 -2.2 1.9 -2.3 -2.2 -3.4
2019 0.5 -5.7 -3.1 -2.3 1.5 -3.1 -1.6 -3.8
2020 -10.9 -14.9 -10.3 -12.5 -4.3 -9.2 -9.5 -12.2
Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook database and Fiscal Monitor (October 2021).
(1) G7 average weighted by nominal GDP converted to U.S. dollars at average market exchange rates.
Table 54
G7 general government net debt
National Accounts basis
(per cent of GDP)
Year Canada United States Japan United Kingdom Germany France Italy G7 average(1)
1980 14.4 - 17.4 40.9 - - - -
1981 13.5 - 21.1 43.1 - - - -
1982 19.1 - 25.4 42.9 - - - -
1983 25.5 - 30.1 41.5 - 13.2 - -
1984 29.4 - 32.5 42.0 - 15.2 - -
1985 35.0 - 33.8 41.6 - 22.8 - -
1986 39.4 - 36.6 40.5 - 25.5 - -
1987 39.0 - 33.8 37.8 - 24.8 - -
1988 38.1 - 28.4 34.0 - 24.9 90.6 -
1989 41.1 - 22.3 28.7 - 25.0 93.0 -
1990 43.7 - 19.0 25.6 - 25.8 96.2 -
1991 50.3 - 17.3 24.7 - 28.4 99.3 -
1992 56.9 - 19.4 26.1 - 31.3 106.4 -
1993 62.9 - 23.6 30.4 - 36.0 116.9 -
1994 66.1 - 29.6 35.4 - 41.9 122.9 -
1995 67.6 - 34.3 39.4 41.4 46.1 105.2 -
1996 67.3 - 39.1 42.4 44.3 49.3 109.5 -
1997 63.3 - 44.9 39.4 45.5 50.3 107.5 -
1998 59.1 - 54.2 37.3 47.0 50.6 105.5 -
1999 52.4 - 63.4 36.1 48.0 50.5 103.6 -
2000 43.8 - 67.8 30.8 44.9 49.7 99.7 -
2001 41.4 34.0 74.6 29.6 46.1 49.5 99.9 47.6
2002 39.2 36.4 83.5 30.1 48.6 51.2 97.8 50.3
2003 36.9 39.3 89.5 31.6 52.4 55.0 97.8 53.9
2004 32.4 48.0 94.2 34.5 54.9 56.7 97.1 59.1
2005 28.5 46.7 93.9 35.7 57.4 58.9 97.5 58.3
2006 25.7 45.3 93.1 36.1 56.2 58.0 97.9 56.5
2007 22.2 45.5 94.4 36.5 53.4 58.0 95.7 55.9
2008 18.6 51.7 105.6 43.5 53.1 59.8 97.2 61.8
2009 24.5 62.8 120.3 56.5 60.0 69.8 106.4 73.5
2010 27.0 69.9 128.8 67.2 62.4 73.6 108.2 79.8
2011 27.5 76.4 139.8 71.7 60.5 76.4 109.5 85.2
2012 28.9 80.5 144.0 74.7 59.8 80.0 114.1 88.5
2013 29.7 80.4 142.9 75.9 58.8 83.0 119.2 86.9
2014 28.5 81.1 145.1 77.9 55.2 85.5 121.4 86.9
2015 28.4 80.9 144.6 78.2 52.5 86.3 122.2 86.3
2016 28.7 81.9 149.6 77.8 49.6 89.2 121.6 88.3
2017 26.0 81.6 148.1 76.8 45.7 89.4 121.3 86.7
2018 25.6 82.1 151.2 75.9 42.9 89.2 121.8 86.7
2019 23.4 83.0 150.8 75.3 40.8 88.9 122.1 86.8
2020 34.7 98.7 167.0 91.8 50.1 102.6 142.3 102.0
Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook database and Fiscal Monitor (October 2021)
(1) G7 average weighted by nominal GDP converted to U.S. dollars at average market exchange rates.
Table 55
G7 general government gross debt
National Accounts basis
(per cent of GDP)
Year Canada United States Japan United Kingdom Germany France Italy G7 average(1)
1980 44.6 - 47.8 42.6 - 20.8 - -
1981 46.1 - 52.9 44.8 - 22.0 - -
1982 51.7 - 57.8 43.1 - 25.4 - -
1983 57.2 - 63.6 41.9 - 26.7 - -
1984 60.2 - 65.6 42.2 - 29.1 - -
1985 65.2 - 68.3 41.3 - 30.7 - -
1986 69.3 - 74.0 41.3 - 31.3 - -
1987 69.8 - 75.7 39.3 - 33.7 - -
1988 69.7 - 71.8 37.1 - 33.6 95.3 -
1989 71.0 - 65.5 32.5 - 34.4 98.0 -
1990 73.7 - 63.0 28.6 - 35.6 101.3 -
1991 81.7 - 62.2 28.5 39.0 36.5 104.9 -
1992 88.2 - 66.6 33.2 41.5 40.2 112.5 -
1993 94.7 - 72.7 38.0 45.1 46.6 123.6 -
1994 97.5 - 84.4 40.8 47.5 49.9 130.3 -
1995 100.1 - 92.5 43.7 54.9 56.1 119.4 -
1996 100.2 - 98.1 43.8 57.8 60.0 119.1 -
1997 95.3 - 105.0 43.3 58.9 61.4 116.8 -
1998 93.3 - 116.0 40.9 59.5 61.4 114.1 -
1999 89.0 - 129.5 39.4 60.4 60.5 113.3 -
2000 80.4 - 135.6 36.7 59.3 58.9 109.0 -
2001 81.5 53.1 145.1 34.0 58.2 58.3 108.9 74.9
2002 79.6 55.5 154.1 34.2 59.9 60.3 106.4 76.6
2003 75.9 58.6 160.0 35.4 63.5 64.4 105.5 79.7
2004 71.9 66.1 169.5 38.4 65.2 65.9 105.1 84.9
2005 70.6 65.5 174.3 39.6 67.5 67.4 106.6 84.9
2006 69.9 64.2 174.0 40.5 66.9 64.6 106.7 82.4
2007 66.9 64.6 172.8 41.5 64.2 64.5 103.9 80.7
2008 67.9 73.4 180.7 49.3 65.7 68.8 106.2 88.5
2009 79.3 86.6 198.7 63.2 73.2 83.0 116.6 103.4
2010 81.2 95.1 205.7 74.3 82.5 85.3 119.2 111.6
2011 81.8 99.5 219.1 80.0 79.9 87.8 119.7 116.6
2012 85.4 103.0 226.1 83.2 81.2 90.6 126.5 120.7
2013 86.1 104.5 229.6 84.2 78.8 93.4 132.5 118.5
2014 85.6 104.5 233.5 86.1 75.7 94.9 135.4 117.4
2015 91.2 104.9 228.4 86.7 72.3 95.6 135.3 116.3
2016 91.7 106.9 232.5 86.8 69.3 98.0 134.8 119.5
2017 88.8 106.0 231.4 86.3 65.0 98.3 134.1 117.4
2018 88.8 107.1 232.5 85.8 61.6 98.0 134.4 117.1
2019 86.8 108.5 235.4 85.2 59.2 97.6 134.6 118.0
2020 117.5 133.9 254.1 104.5 69.1 115.1 155.8 140.2
Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook database and Fiscal Monitor (October 2021)
(1) G7 average weighted by nominal GDP converted to U.S. dollars at average market exchange rates

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