Guideline for Establishing a Promotion and Research Agency

Purpose

This guide is for producer groups in the Canadian agricultural industry looking to understand the overall process and requirements of establishing a Promotion and Research Agency (PRA) under Part III of the Farm Products Agencies Act (FPAA).

Introduction

A PRA is an independent, non-government organization with a clear mandate and powers set out in its enabling statutory instrument called the proclamation. It is accountable to its members and provides opportunities for increased involvement by producers in promotion and research activities at the provincial and national levels taking into account the interests of producers and consumers and, where applicable, importers.

The creation of PRAs has been possible since 1993 when the FPAA was amended to include Part III, enabling the creation of PRAs for farm products. This amendment was done in response to requests from the Canadian agricultural industry to provide an option that allows for the authority to apply and collect national levies that are commodity-based to help fund promotion and research for farm products. Part III of the FPAA puts Canada on a more equal footing with our international partners who have similar models and enables a levy collection on interprovincial trade, export, and imports.

Organized producer groups tend to benefit more than individual producers as it relates to market expansion, research and promotion, improved production efficiencies and favourable consumer trends. Through a combined effort, producers can better leverage government programs that require a minimum or matching contribution from industry.

A PRA can facilitate these endeavours through the collaborative efforts of the supply chain stakeholders across the country and the collection of levies on interprovincial, import and export trade. Through a PRA, Canadian agricultural producers can collectively focus on common issues and interests to better position their agricultural products on domestic and international markets, and access sustainable funding for long-term investment for research and promotion.

Objective of a Promotion and Research Agency (PRA)

As set out in section 41 of the FPAA, the objective of a PRA is to enable a strong, efficient, and competitive industry for regulated farm products by promoting the marketing and production of one or more farm products and conducting promotion and research activities related to these products.

Benefits of a PRA

• Enables long-term investments in research and promotion.
• Brings together the efforts of producers and supply chain stakeholders.
• Consolidates funding on common issues and interests.
• Helps expand markets, improve production efficiencies, product quality, consumer trends, etc.
• Develops a strong and competitive industry.

Roles and Responsibilities

Farm Products Council of Canada

The Farm Products Council of Canada’s (FPCC) mandate includes facilitating the establishment of PRAs under the FPAA where there is merit and support to do so. Throughout the development of an application, FPCC staff is available to provide guidance by assisting in exploring ideas and answering questions.

Once an application is received, FPCC engages in the analysis of the application, leads public consultations, and makes a recommendation to the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food (the Minister) regarding the establishment of the proposed PRA. Once the PRA has been established, the FPCC oversees the PRA’s activities to ensure that the PRA serves the public interest and fulfills its objectives under the FPAA. Through the review of annual plans and reports, FPCC ensures that the PRA operates as per its business plan and budget; and that the levy system is working in the best interests of all stakeholders.

Information: FPCC cannot provide legal advice or financial aid for feasibility studies, preparation of applications or the establishment of a PRA.

Championing Organization

Producers interested in establishing a PRA are encouraged to have a championing organization, such as a national producer organization or a leading provincial producer organization to lead the application process. To help in the preparation of a PRA application, the championing organization is responsible for gathering the knowledge and resources required for the completion of the application. To facilitate the process, FPCC should be informed of the intention to submit an application from the outset.

Establishment Process

1. Development and Submission of an Application
2. Analysis of the Application
   If the application is approved, proceed to Step 3.
3. Drafting the Proclamation and Regulatory Documents
   If the regulatory submission is approved, proceed to Step 4.
4. Operationalize the PRA
5. PRA Governance

1. Development and Submission of an Application

The championing organization prepares and submits a formal application to the FPCC as per the content detailed below.

1.1. Define the PRA and the Reasons for its Establishment

1.1.1. Define the PRA

• Provide a clear definition of the farm product(s) to be administered by the PRA.
• Provide a clear definition of the geographic location of where the PRA is going to be applicable.
• Define what levies the application is for (domestic levy only or both domestic and import levies).

Information: A PRA can be for domestic products only or also for imported products. A PRA can start as a group of provinces that can be expanded across Canada as part of its plan. If the PRA begins with a levy collection on domestic products only, the proclamation can be amended at a later date to include a levy collection on imports.

To collect a levy on imports, a PRA must have national scope and include all producing provinces. Further information on levies can be found in Appendix 1 – Types of Levies and Types of Agreements.

1.1.2. Outline the PRA’s Purpose

Describe in detail the reasons for this application and explain how it will be in the interest of producers, consumers, and importers (if a levy on imports is sought).

1.1.3. Provide Production Data / Industry Profile

Describe in detail how the farm product industry is structured, for example:

• Describe the statistics of production, national and provincial.
• Describe the trade, intraprovincial, interprovincial, as well as imports and exports.
• Describe the main players, provincial and national numbers of producers and importers.
• Describe the distribution of producers and production across the country.

Provide other supporting data, such as employment figures and economic importance. If applicable, include import data and list of major importers if a levy on import is sought.

1.1.4. Identify Existing Frameworks

• Identify existing organizations, pertinent provincial legislation, existing levy collection mechanisms, and their structure, levy amount collected, etc.
• Identify any unresolved issues within the industry impeding the establishment or operation of the PRA.
• Describe the provincial legislative authority, as well as the levy collection mechanism, etc.
• Describe any existing promotion and research activities.

1.1.5. Demonstrate Support

Through thorough consultation with producers and stakeholders on the merits of a PRA, the championing organization demonstrates in its application majority support.

The objective is to present, as clearly and quantitatively as possible, the proportion of producers (and importers if applicable) supporting the creation of a PRA compared with the proportion opposed, or the total number in each group.

Important: The application must include credible evidence of the level of support. Without this evidence, FPCC Council members cannot recommend to the Minister the establishment of the PRA.

It is mandatory as per the FPAA to provide evidence showing that the majority of producers in the provinces to be covered by the PRA is in favour of the establishment of the PRA. If a levy on imports is being sought, evidence showing that the majority of the aggregate of producers and importers in Canada is in favour of the establishment of the PRA must be provided.

Provide evidence of support from other stakeholders of the supply chain if available. Also, provide confirmation of any existing legislative authority to collect a levy already in effect (such as through provincial legislation or an Agricultural Products Marketing Act (APMA) delegation). This will help to understand the current levy structure that may already be in place.

Describe the sequence of events and steps undertaken to consult producers and stakeholders and the results (consultation meetings held, annual general meetings held, motions put forward, establishment of producer committee, surveys, the support observed, etc.)

Information: Further information on how to demonstrate majority support can be found in Appendix 2 – Demonstration of Majority Support.

1.2. Develop the PRA’s Operations Plan

1.2.1. Recommend Board Composition and Appointment

Describe the recommended number of members on the PRA board of directors and how they will be appointed. Subsection 40(2) of the FPAA requires 3 to 16 members. The application must provide a justification for the PRA board structure.

Important: When a PRA covers domestic products only, the majority of the board of directors will be primary producers (see subsection 40(4) of the FPAA).

Whereas when a PRA is authorised to have powers on both domestic and imported products, the majority of the board of directors will be made up of primary producers and importers, the proportion of each being representative of the relative market shares of domestic and imported products (see subsection 40(3) of the FPAA).

If there are more imports than domestic production, the board of directors will be composed of a majority of importers.

Information: The PRA’s accountability to producers (and importers if a levy on import is sought) will be ensured by the PRA board of directors’ membership; the PRA’s reporting obligations; and its strategic planning exercises and subsequent promotion and research plan.

1.2.2. Develop Promotion and Research Plan

Describe in detail the promotion and research activities that the PRA intends to undertake relative to the expected revenue from levy collection.

Describe in detail the objectives, key activities, expected outcomes, the resources required and associated timelines.

The FPAA provides for a broad scope of activities. The PRA application should be specific in presenting the PRA’s priority activities within this broad scope.

Tip: Detail a five-year promotion and research program that the PRA will seek to implement, including research and development activities, advertising campaigns and promotion for the product, together with timelines and resource requirements.

Information: The promotion and research activities as described in the FPAA including additional examples to develop a Promotion and Research Plan can be found in Appendix 3 – Examples of Promotion and Research Activities.

1.2.3. Develop Preliminary Budget and Potential Levy Revenue

The amount of funds necessary depends on the vision and objectives for the PRA. The application must show how the agency will conduct its activities on a viable financial basis. The objective is to have a plan relative to the revenue expected from levy collection.

Tip: To have a strong application, a preliminary budget should be included showing how the PRA is to conduct its operations on a self-sustaining financial basis and how the levy is to be used.

This section should quantify the levy that can be obtained and explain how the levy is to be used. The revenue from the levy collected will be an important source of funds for the operation of the PRA and the execution of its plan. It is therefore important to estimate the level of potential revenue, based on the proposed levy amount and data on production (and imports if a levy on imports is sought). Levy requirements to support the PRA plan and budget should also be included.

1.2.4. Describe Levy Administration

Explain how the levy system will work on intraprovincial and interprovincial trade in each participating province, and (if applicable) on imports, who will be responsible for collecting the levy and how funds will be administered.

Outline if the provinces have the legislative authorities in place for levy collection, and how the PRA will administer the levy funds.

The championing organization must also explore with the provincial governments the existing legislation and procedures on levy collection for the farm product(s) in question. They also need to explore with provinces what provisions need to be included in their application so that the PRA can establish, collect and manage a levy.

If an import levy is sought, the championing organization should consider any levies applied to similar agricultural products by other countries.

1.3. Develop the PRA’s Implementation Plan

Provide a timeline and list of milestones to put the PRA into operation.

Information: Details on operationalizing a PRA can be found in Section 4: Operationalize the PRA.

1.4. Submit the Application

Completed applications should be sent to:

FPCC Secretariat
e-mail: fpcc.secretariat.cpac@fpcc-cpac.gc.ca

2. Analysis of the Application

2.1. Review of Application

Upon receipt of an application, FPCC staff will review, provide feedback and work with the championing organization to ensure that the application is complete.

The application is then analyzed by FPCC Council members with the objective to inquire into the merits of establishing the PRA and adequate industry support, as per subsection 7(1) of the FPAA. FPCC Council members will determine if the application satisfies the requirements of Part III of the FPAA.

2.2. Public Hearings

Public hearings are held to allow public consultations and input into the PRA application. FPCC Chair establishes a Panel composed of at least two FPCC Council members.

The Panel will inquire into and review:

• the current status of producers (and importers if a levy on imports is sought) and the degree of support among them for establishing a PRA;
• the potential effects of establishing a PRA on the operations of producers and importers, on the development of the industry, its competitiveness and markets, on rural economies and on the Canadian agriculture and agri-food sector;
• the means for ensuring that a PRA has due regard for the interests of producers, importers and consumers;
• the draft promotion and research plan in the application, the priority projects, including their potential relationships with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and Government of Canada programs, and the resource requirements and sources;
• the degree and nature of cooperation required to implement the proposed plan, particularly with respect to the levy collection authorities (and consistency with trade agreements if an import levy is being sought);
• the financial viability of the proposed PRA; and
• whether any restrictions should be placed on the proposed PRA or any of the powers to be exercised pursuant to section 42 of the FPAA.

Following the Public Hearing, the Panel drafts a report of its findings and formulates a recommendation, this is presented to the FPCC Council members for decision.

2.3. Recommendations

Following an extensive review of the application, FPCC Council members will make their recommendation to the Minister. If the Minister endorses FPCC’s recommendation to approve the application and mandates FPCC to proceed with the establishment of the new PRA, the federal regulatory process and the drafting of the proclamation begin.

Information: A proclamation is the enabling statutory instrument establishing the PRA as an independent entity under the FPAA.

3. Drafting the Proclamation and Regulatory Documents

FPCC leads the regulatory process. The championing organization is consulted in the drafting of the proclamation.

The proclamation outlines, among others, how the PRA will operate and enables a levy collection on interprovincial, and export trade (and import trade, if applicable) via a levy order.

FPCC works with the Department of Justice and other government departments, as necessary, to draft the proclamation and related regulatory documents. During this phase, there are many rounds of comments and questions, which may involve consultation with the championing organization.

Once the draft proclamation and related regulatory documents are complete, the regulatory package is submitted to the Minister for approval to pre-publish in Canada Gazette, Part I. If approved, FPCC then works with the Treasury Board Canada Secretariat, the Privy Council Office and the Canada Gazette, to publish the proclamation in Canada Gazette, Part I.

Canada Gazette, Part I, consists of a public consultation on the proposed proclamation where interested parties can submit comments. FPCC will revise the proclamation and other regulatory documents as necessary based on feedback received. Comments and views from the consultation are shared with the Minister, who decides whether to recommend to the Governor in Council that the PRA be proclaimed. If it is recommended to proceed in establishing the PRA, FPCC will work with Treasury Board Secretariat, the Privy Council Office for registration and publication in Canada Gazette, Part II.

Following registration, the PRA proclamation is published in Canada Gazette, Part II, as established. The PRA begins to operate.

Summary of the Regulatory Process

4. Operationalize the PRA

4.1. Establish the Board of Directors and Governing Documents

Once the PRA is established, the first priority is the creation of its board of directors. An interim board is first established to organize the first annual general meeting and elect the board as specified in the proclamation.

Once the board is established, it must prepare governing documents such as, but not limited to, by-laws, a business plan, budget, and levies.

Tip: Bylaws are typically drafted by the board to provide details on how the PRA will be governed (e.g. election of Chair, Vice-Chair, quorum, voting, etc.).

Tip: A promotion and research plan and budget will help determine and justify the PRA’s levy. These documents are required for the establishment of a levy order.

4.2. Establish the Levy Order

Once the PRA’s board of directors establishes the amount of the levy, FPCC will work with the PRA and Justice Canada to draft a levy order. All levy orders proposed by the PRA must be approved by FPCC Council members before they can be implemented. A levy order is typically drafted in consultation with the PRA board of directors and FPCC.

Information: For an example of a levies order please see Appendix 4 – Other Resources.

Important: National Treatment Principle of the World Trade Organization

If a levy on import is included, the levy must be in compliance with the World Trade Organization’s definition of national treatment. That is, imported goods should be treated no less favourably for levy purposes than domestically produced goods. Specifically, the amount of the levy collected on imports must be no more than the lowest levy applied in the country (whether on intraprovincial or interprovincial marketing). This levy can legally be applied on all imported forms of the farm products covered by the PRA. Import levies can only be authorized and implemented once Canada’s trade obligations regarding National Treatment is demonstrated.

Important: Levies can be collected on:

• Intraprovincial trade (authority obtained from provincial legislation)
• Interprovincial trade and exports (authority obtained from federal legislation through APMA and / or FPAA)
• Imports (authority obtained from federal legislation through FPAA)

4.3. Establish the Levy Collection Mechanism and Utilization

If there is already a levy collection system in place, the PRA can leverage this framework, or a new levy collection system can be created to suit the PRA’s needs. A PRA can be funded by either interprovincial or import levies, or both.

Tip: The Pork Promotion-Research Agency leverages the Beef Check-Off Agency’s levy collection infrastructure. For more information see Appendix 4 – Other Resources.

Bilateral agreements will likely be required to support the levy collection framework

Tip: Examples of agreements can be found in Appendix 1 – Types of Levies and Types of Agreements.

Import levies can only be collected by the PRA. Funds collected from a levy on imports must be used for generic promotion and research activities and could be used to fund the PRA’s day to day activities.

Information: Import levies are often kept separate from other funding sources to ensure they are being used for that purpose.

Collaboration may be required between the PRA and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) and the Canadian Border Services Agency (CBSA) to get information on imports for the specified farm product(s).

4.4. Designate Inspectors

The FPAA provides for the designation of inspectors (section 33) to conduct ongoing audits of a PRA’s facilities, operations and financial books to ensure compliance with orders and regulations. Qualified persons are recommended by the PRA to the Minister (through FPCC) for designation as an inspector. Inspectors are provided a certificate signed by the Minister granting them access to the stakeholder’s premises and accounting information.

Information: For more information on the designation of inspector’s process please see the FPCC’s Agency Inspectors Designation Guidelines.

4.5. Appoint Auditors

PRAs require independent auditors, appointed by the Governor in Council, to audit their accounts and financial transactions and to report on the findings (section 29 of the FPAA). Requests for auditor appointments are submitted to FPCC to administer the Governor in Council process. Auditors are appointed by the Governor in Council based on the Minister’s recommendation.

Information: For more information on the appointment and revocation of auditors please see the FPCC’s Guidelines for the Appointment and Revocation of Auditors.

5. PRA Governance

The PRA is accountable to its members and reports to FPCC who in turn reports to Parliament, as required, through the Minister. Through the review of annual plans and reports, FPCC ensures that the PRA operates as per its business plan and budget; and that the levy system is working in the best interests of all stakeholders.

5.1. Annual Reporting Requirements

5.1.1. Budget and Business Program

A PRA’s proclamation sets out that an annual business program and budget be submitted to FPCC for review and approval. In as much detail as possible, the budget should set out the expected revenue from levies and the costs of the proposed business and activities of the PRA (usually for over a 12-month period). Generally, the budget should include salaries, travel, equipment, and other costs that are incurred by carrying out the proposed promotion and research activities, and whether they will be carried out by the PRA or partners such as provincial organizations or other service providers.

Tip: A PRA’s Budget and Business Program should support its Promotion and Research Plan outlined in their proclamation and section 41 of the FPAA.

5.1.2. Annual Report

As required by section 30 of the FPAA, an annual report must be submitted to FPCC within three months of the end of each fiscal year, which is sent to the Minister and then submitted to Parliament.

The annual report must provide details of the agency’s activities and performance. It should also include reports from each of the provincial associations when applicable and service providers that have contributed to the national PRA’s program together with financial statements.

5.1.3. Audits

As required by section 29 of the FPAA, the accounts and financial transactions of each PRA must be audited annually by an independent auditor appointed by the Governor in Council. A report of each audit must be submitted to FPCC which is then sent to the Minister.

Important: Financial statements may appear in a PRA’s annual report, satisfying both requirements found in sections 29 and 30 of the FPAA.

5.2. Ad Hoc

From time to time, amendments to orders and regulations may be necessary. A PRA is expected to provide a rationale for any proposed amendment and must be approved by FPCC Council members before it comes into force.

5.3. Review of the Promotion-Research Plan

As per a PRA’s proclamation, the PRA must hold a meeting within five years after they have been proclaimed and every five years after that, to review the terms and effectiveness of the plan and determine if any changes are needed. The PRA is to file a written review to FPCC to confirm that its business and activities are aligned with the objects of the Agency as described in section 41 of the FPAA.

Appendix 1: Types of Levies and Types of Agreements

Types of Levies

Domestic Levy

Domestic levies (intraprovincial and interprovincial) can be applied concurrently and either collected by the PRA or by the provincial marketing boards. If applicable, the import levy is applied and collected separately by the PRA .

Intraprovincial

Intraprovincial levies are a provincial jurisdiction and fall under provincial legislation and regulations.

Provincial marketing boards can delegate their authority to a PRA to collect intraprovincial levies, as per subsection 42(2) of the FPAA so long as a federal-provincial agreement pursuant to section 31 of the FPAA has been entered into, allowing a PRA to perform activities related to intraprovincial trade.

Interprovincial

Interprovincial levies are collected by a PRA when the regulated farm product is marketed in other provinces. Interprovincial levies are federal jurisdiction and fall under federal legislation and regulations.

A PRA can collect interprovincial levies via the FPAA or APMA.

Collection under the APMA

The Agricultural Products Marketing Act (APMA) was enacted in 1949 The APMA delegates federal powers to the provincial marketing boards enabling them to market the agricultural products grown in their province regardless of the market they are sold in. Eight years later, the APMA was amended to delegate federal powers to provincial marketing boards to establish and collect levies on the marketing of agricultural products in interprovincial and export trade. The APMA is still currently used by many provinces for their provincial marketing boards to collect levies on interprovincial and export trade, similar to their provincial regulation related to intraprovincial marketing. The APMA does not include the ability to collect a levy on imports.

Collection under the FPAA

The Farm Products Agencies Act (FPAA) was enacted in 1972. Part III of the FPAA, added in 1993, delegates federal powers to the PRAs to collect levies on interprovincial trade and imports for research and promotion activities. A PRA can delegate the authority to collect levies on interprovincial trade to provincial marketing boards if a delegation-of-authority agreement is in place.

A PRA and the provincial marketing boards can collect both intraprovincial and interprovincial levies if proper legislative tools and agreements are in place. Interprovincial levies can be distributed between the PRA and the provincial marketing boards, who may decide to use these levies all in one or the other organization or share a portion. The provincial marketing boards can use the interprovincial levies for their provincial activities. If this is how the levies are used, it must be reported in the national PRA plan as all interprovincial levies collected must be accounted for.

Import Levy

Import levies can only be collected by the PRA on imported regulated farm product(s). There must be a domestic levy (either intraprovincial or interprovincial) applied to the same product the import levy is being sought. The funds collected from a levy on imports must be used for generic promotion and research activities.

As per the World Trade Organization’s national treatment rule, a levy on imports cannot be higher than any levy imposed on Canadian production. In practice, the import levy amount will be equivalent to the minimum levy imposed across the country.

Export Levy

The FPAA and APMA provide the authority to collect levies on exported farm products that are under federal jurisdiction.

Types of Agreements

Delegation-of-powers agreement

This type of agreement is between the PRA and individual provincial marketing boards (see subsections 42(2) and (3) of the FPAA), which delegates the authority to collect levies.

Service agreement

This type of agreement is between the PRA and the service provider(s) who conduct(s) the promotion and research activities, including each individual provincial marketing board if applicable, to contribute to the PRA’s program, commit to report their plan and budget annually to the PRA.

Agreement on use of levies

This type of agreement stipulates how the levies collected under the PRA are to be used. More specifically, that provincial marketing boards can, for example, retain a portion of the levies collected by a PRA but must be used as described in the PRA’s promotion and research plan.

Appendix 2: Demonstration of Majority Support

A majority of producers and importers (if an import levy is sought) needs to be obtained to comply with the FPAA (subsection 39(1)). It is important to note that without the required level of support, the FPCC cannot recommend to the Minister the establishment of a PRA.

Tip: Any concerns raised by stakeholders should be addressed before submission to FPCC and the launch of public hearings.

Demonstrating majority support involves consulting with producers and their provincial producer associations if any, and importers (if a levy on importation is sought) to seek their feedback and support. The championing organization should consult widely with its members and discuss how the application would affect them.

Demonstration of support can be done in a number of different ways, including but not limited to the following:

• Letters of support from provincial or national producer associations, provincial governments, supervisory boards, importers, major trade partners and their associations.
• Results of a producer survey or vote.
• Minutes of national or provincial annual general meetings recording the votes of producers and/or board members in support of the PRA application.
• Records of meetings with individual importers and importer groups.

If provincial or national producer associations do not exist, significant efforts must be taken (i.e. through a comprehensive communication plan) to contact all producers of the farm product to demonstrate that a majority of producers are in favour.

Throughout the process, provincial governments and supervisory boards that administer farm products marketing legislation should also be kept informed of the initiative.

Appendix 3: Examples of Promotion and Research Activities

Some promotion and research activities are broadly outlined in subsections 42 (1)(c) and (g) of the FPAA, such as; promoting the consumption and use of the farm product(s), improvement of quality and variety, publication of information, advertise, promote and conduct research activities in relation to the farm product(s).

PRAs have the flexibility to determine what kind of activities they would like to undertake, including but not limited to the following:

Appendix 4: Other Resources

Funding

Federal and provincial government programs to develop an application and to hold consultations should be explored by the championing organization.

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada also offers a number of programs and services.

Tip: If funding allows, the services of a consultant are often used, but this is at the discretion of the championing organization.

Statistical and Market Information

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
https://agriculture.canada.ca/en/sector/horticulture/reports

Statistics Canada
https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/71-607-x/agri-eng.htm

Importation Information

Canadian Importers Database
https://ised-isde.canada.ca/site/canadian-importers-database/en

Farm Product Council of Canada Publications

Past experiences of other commodity groups can also provide a wealth of information. Past and current applications, reports, transcripts of public hearings, FPCC panel reports, and current PRA annual reports can be found on the Farm Products Council of Canada website.

Acts, Proclamations and Orders

Farm Products Agencies Act
https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/F-4/index.html

Agricultural Products Marketing Act
https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/A-6/index.html

Canadian Pork Promotion-Research Agency Proclamation
https://laws.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-2020-282/index.html

Canadian Beef Cattle Research, Market Development and Promotion Agency Proclamation
https://laws.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-2002-48/index.html

Canadian Pork Promotion-Research Levies Order
https://laws.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-2021-217/index.html

Beef Cattle Research, Market Development and Promotion Levies Order
https://laws.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-2016-236/index.html

Examples of Levy Collection Systems

Pork Promotion-Research Agency – Import Levies
https://www.ppra-cprp.com/importers