CIMM –Key Distinctions between the International Mobility Program (IMP) and the Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) – November 07, 2023^{Footnote 1}

Key Facts and Figures

Work permit issuance under the IMP, which includes the Post-Graduation Work Permit, has increased over time in comparison to those issued under the TFWP (83% versus 17% respectively between 2017-2022).
In 2023 (up to September 30th), the top 3 occupations by program:
- IMP: software engineers and designers (4,250), Information systems analysts and consultants (4,155), and university professors/lecturers (3,770). This does not include open work permit holders, who may work in virtually any occupation.
- TFWP: are general farm workers (30,410), harvesting labourers (24,340), and nursery and greenhouse workers (8,570).

All work permits issued under the TFWP are employer-specific, while those under the IMP are either open or employer-specific.
Both programs are key options for employers with short-term labour needs. The key distinction is that the TFWP requires employers to obtain a Labour Market Impact Assessment from Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC) before hiring a temporary foreign worker, whereas the IMP exempts employers from the LMIA requirement in support of broader economic, social and/or cultural goals.

Canadian employers have obligations regarding accommodations for temporary foreign workers, depending on the program.
Under the IMP, employers have no housing obligations as the program typically includes higher wage workers or open work permit holders who are not tied to an employer.
Under the TFWP, employers hiring workers under the:
- Agricultural Stream and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program are required to provide adequate, suitable and affordable housing, as defined by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) and in accordance with applicable P/T/municipal legislation.
- Low-Wage Stream must either provide suitable and affordable housing or ensure its availability. This must cost less than 30% of the TFW’s before-tax income.
- High-Wage and Global Talent Streams have no obligations regarding accommodations.