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West Nile Virus and Other Mosquito-Borne Disease National Surveillance Report - September 11 to September 17, 2016 (Week 37)

West Nile virus

Canada

Humans

During surveillance week 37, ending on September 17, 2016, eighteen (18) human clinical cases of West Nile virus (WNV) have been reported to the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC). Of these, three cases have been reported in Manitoba [Southern (2) and Winnipeg (1)], thirteen cases in Ontario [Toronto (7), Niagara (3), York (1), Durham (1), Halton (1)] and two cases in Quebec [Laval (1), Lanaudière (1)].

As of surveillance week 37, a total of 59 human clinical cases have been reported to PHAC: Alberta (4) [Calgary zone (1) and South zone (3)], Manitoba (20) [Interlake-Eastern (3), Northern (1), Prairie Mountain (2), Southern (8) and Winnipeg (6)], Ontario (27) [Toronto (17), Niagara (6), York (2), Durham (1), Halton (1)], and Quebec (8) [Capitale-Nationale (1), Laurentides (1)Footnote *, Laval (3), Montérégie (1), Lanaudière (2) ]. Of these, twenty-eight cases (48 %) were classified as West Nile virus Neurological Syndrome, nineteen cases (32 %) as West Nile virus Non-Neurological Syndrome, and twelve cases (20 %) were unclassified. Two fatal cases have been reported.

In addition, four West Nile virus asymptomatic infections have been reported: Saskatchewan (1) [Mixed-Grass prairieFootnote x (1)] and Ontario (3) [Toronto (2), Windsor-Essex County (1)].

Mosquitoes

As of surveillance week 37, 330 (2.39 %) out of 13,798 mosquito pools have tested positive for WNV in Canada: Saskatchewan (67), Manitoba (39), Ontario (201) and Quebec (23).

Alternative Formats

Related Topics

Birds

As of September 17, 2016, the Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, the Québec Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, and the Québec Centre for Wildlife Health have examined a total of 62 dead birds for WNV: British Columbia (2), Saskatchewan (2), Ontario (47), and Quebec (11), of which 17 (27%) dead birds have tested positive for WNV: British Columbia (2) [Cranbrook], Ontario (6) [Bradford (1), Hamilton (1), Sarnia (1), Thorold (1), Toronto (1), Tecumseh (1)] and Quebec (9) [ Estrie (1), Lanaudière (1), Montérégie (4), Saint-Jean-Baptiste (1), Abitibi-Témiscaminigue (1), Montréal (1)] . The positive birds were identified as American Crows (41%), Red- tailed Hawks (18%), Sharp-shinned Hawks (18%), Merlins (11%), Northern Goshawks (6%) and Great- horned Owl (6%).

Domestic Animals

As of September 17, 2016, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency has reported a total of 38 horses that have tested positive for WNV: British Columbia (10), Alberta (5), Manitoba (12), Ontario (1) and Saskatchewan (10).

United States and U.S. territories

As of September 17, 2016, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have reported a total of 868 human clinical cases of West Nile virus disease in 41 states in the US, including the following border states: Washington (8), Idaho (6), Montana (5), New York (1), North Dakota (11), Minnesota (24), Michigan (22), and Vermont (2). Of these, 448 (52%) were classified as neuroinvasive disease and 420 (48%) were classified as non- neuroinvasive disease. Twenty-five fatal cases have been reported. In addition, 144 presumptive viremic blood donors have been identified.

Detailed information can be accessed via the CDC web site.

Europe and Neighbouring Countries

As of September 17, 2016, a total of 111 human cases of WNV have been reported in the European Union and 181 cases have been reported in the neighbouring countries.

Detailed information can be accessed via the ECDC web site.

Eastern equine encephalitis

Canada

Domestic Animals

As of surveillance week 37, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency has reported one horse from Berthierville, Québec, that tested positive for Eastern Equine Encephalitis.

FIGURE 1: Geographic distribution of Human Clinical cases of WNV in Canada, as of September 17, 2016

Map of West Nile Virus number of cases

Figure 1 - Text Description

Map showing geographic distribution of WNV in Humans (clinical cases) in Canada.

As of surveillance week 37, ending September 17, 2016, a total of 59 human clinical cases of WNV have been reported in Canada: Alberta (4), Manitoba (20), Ontario (27) and Quebec (8).

FIGURE 2: WNV Human Clinical cases and Asymptomatic Infections, by Province/ Territory and by Report week, as of September 17, 2016

Figure 2

Figure 2 - Text Description
WNV Human Clinical cases and Asymptomatic Infections, by Province/ Territory and by Report week, as of September 17, 2016
Report Weeks of 2016
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Total
Newfoundland and Labrador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
Prince Edward Island 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
New Brunswick 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
Nova Scotia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
Quebec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1Figure 2 Footnote * 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 2 2                           8
Ontario 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 3 8 15                           30
Manitoba 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 4 4 6 0 3                           20
Saskatchewan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0                           1
Alberta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0                           4
British Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
Yukon Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
Northwest Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
Nunavut 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 6 7 15 10 20                           63
Figure 2 Footnote *

Acquired during WNV season in 2015

Return to figure 2 footnote * referrer

FIGURE 3: WNV Human Clinical cases and Asymptomatic Infections by Report week for selected years, in CanadaFigure 3 Footnote *

Figure 3

Figure 3 - Footnote *

West Nile virus clinical cases and asymptomatic infections are grouped by report week, based on episode date. Episode date could include one of the following: onset date, diagnosis date, lab sample date or reporting date.

Return to Figure 3 - Footnote * referrer

Figure 3 - Text Description
WNV Human Clinical cases and Asymptomatic Infections in Canada, by Report week for selected years
Years Report Week
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Total
2016 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 6 7 15 10 20                           63
2015 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 1 0 2 7 4 8 9 11 4 8 11 8 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 82
2013 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 2 2 5 5 6 9 10 21 16 14 12 7 2 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 118
2012 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 5 11 16 27 53 63 57 43 43 45 24 30 14 9 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 450
2007 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 3 4 11 35 36 72 139 424 471 443 287 182 116 71 30 18 10 11 5 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 2378
TABLE 1: West Nile Virus Human Clinical cases and Asymptomatic Infections by Province/Territory for the current report week and year to date, 2016 season
  Week 37: September 11 to September 17, 2016
West Nile virus neurological syndrome West Nile virus non-neurological syndrome Unclassified/unspecified Total clinical casesTable 1 Footnote 1 Number of travel-related casesTable 1 Footnote 2 West Nile virus asymptomatic infectionTable 1 Footnote 3
Newfoundland and Labrador 0 0 0 0 0 0
Prince Edward Island 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nova Scotia 0 0 0 0 0 0
New Brunswick 0 0 0 0 0 0
Quebec 0 2 0 2 0 0
Ontario 7 5 2 14 0 1
Manitoba 0 0 3 3 0 0
Saskatchewan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Alberta 0 0 0 0 0 0
British Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yukon Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northwest Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nunavut 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 7 7 5 19 0 1
- Year to date: January 1 to September 17, 2016
Newfoundland and Labrador 0 0 0 0 0 0
Prince Edward Island 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nova Scotia 0 0 0 0 0 0
New Brunswick 0 0 0 0 0 0
Quebec 5Table 1 Footnote * 3 0 8Table 1 Footnote * 0 0
Ontario 16 8 3 27 0 3
Manitoba 6 5 9 20 0 0
Saskatchewan 0 0 0 0 0 1
Alberta 1 3 0 4 1 0
British Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yukon Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northwest Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nunavut 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 28 19 12 59 1 4
Table 1 Footnote 1

Total clinical cases is the sum of both probable and confirmed: West Nile virus neurological and non-neurological syndromes, along with any unclassified or unspecified cases.

Return to table 1 footnote 1 referrer

Table 1 Footnote 2

Likely related to travel outside the Province/Territory. These cases are included in either the total clinical cases or West Nile virus asymptomatic infections.

Return to table 1 footnote 2 referrer

Table 1 Footnote 3

Satisfies West Nile virus diagnostic test criteria in the absence of clinical criteria. This category could include asymptomatic blood donors whose blood is screened using a nucleic acid amplification test, by blood operators (i.e. Canadian Blood Services or Hema-Quebec) and is subsequently brought to the attention of public health officials. Blood operators in Canada perform a supplementary West Nile virus specific nucleic acid amplification test following any positive donor screen test result.

Return to table 1 footnote 3 referrer

Table 1 Footnote *

One of the cases was acquired in 2015.

Return to table 1 footnote * referrer
TABLE 2: Number of mosquito pools tested and number of positive mosquito pools by Province/Territory, 2016 season
Province Year to date: January 1 to September 17, 2016Table 2 Footnote *
Number of positive mosquito pools Number of mosquito pools tested Percentage of positive mosquito pools (%)
Quebec 23 806 2.85
Ontario 201 11001 1.83
Manitoba 39 1394 2.8
Saskatchewan 67 597 11.22
Total 330 13798 2.39
Table 2 Footnote *

In 2016, mosquito surveillance is conducted by the following provinces only: Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba and Saskatchewan

Return to table 2 footnote * referrer
TABLE 3: Number of WNV positive mosquito pools/ Total number of WNV mosquito pools tested by Report week and by Province/ Territory, 2016 seasonTable 3 Footnote ǂ
Province / Territory Report week of 2016
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
Newfoundland and Labrador Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _  
Prince Edward Island Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _  
New Brunswick Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _  
Nova Scotia Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _  
Quebec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2/59 0/67 0/65 2/78 4/69 2/79 6/76 4/67 2/78 1/89 0/79  
Ontario 0 0/6 0/5 0/12 0/49 0/90 0/190 0/460 0/542 0/562 0/802 1/795 2/688 5/649 20/927 30/947 36/882 42/886 29/906 17/836 19/767  
Manitoba 0 0 0 0 0/4 0/8 0/3 0/17 0/56 0/58 0/69 0/100 4/113 7/192 5/241 6/246 15/143 1/65 1/42 0/29 0/8  
Saskatchewan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0/1 0/9 0/8 0/14 1/26 0/37 0/31 3/62 10/68 16/106 31/144 4/55 2/28 0/6 Table 3 - Footnote *  
Alberta Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _  
British Columbia Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _  
Yukon Territory Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _  
Northwest Territory Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _  
Nunavut Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _  
Total 0 0/6 0/5 0/12 0/53 0/98 0/194 0/486 0/606 0/634 3/956 1/999 6/897 17/983 39/1305 54/1378 88/1245 51/1073 34/1054 18/960 19/854  
Table 3 Footnote ǂ

Detailed West Nile virus mosquito surveillance data can be accessed through Provincial/ Territorial websites.

Return to table 3 footnote ǂ referrer

Table 3 - Footnote _

These jurisdictions do not maintain regular mosquito surveillance.

Return to first Table 3 - Footnote _ referrer

Table 3 - Footnote *

Mosquito surveillance has ended.

Return to Table 3 - Footnote * referrer

FIGURE 4: Reported number of dead birds tested positive for WNV by Province/ Territory and by Report week, 2016 season in Canada

Figure 4

Figure 4 - Text Description
Reported number of dead birds tested positive for WNV in Canada, by Province/ Territory and by Report week, 2016 season
Report Weeks of 2016
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Total
Newfoundland and Labrador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
Prince Edward Island 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
New Brunswick 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
Nova Scotia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
Quebec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 1 4                           9
Ontario 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 1                           6
Manitoba 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
Saskatchewan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
Alberta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
British Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0                           2
Yukon Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
Northwest Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
Nunavut 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 3 3 1 5                           17

FIGURE 5: Percentage of dead birds tested positive for WNV by Report week in 2012, 2015 and 2016, and number of dead birds tested positive for WNV, by Report week, 2016, in CanadaFigure 5 Footnote

Figure 5

Figure 5 - Footnote ¶

Not all provinces are conducting dead bird surveillance as part of their own WNV surveillance program. However, WNV positive dead birds may be identified through the National Wildlife Disease Surveillance Program of the Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (CWHC)

Return to Figure 5 - Footnote referrer

Figure 5 - Text Description
Percentage of dead birds tested positive for WNV in Canada, by Report week in 2012, 2015 and 2016, and number of dead birds tested positive for WNV, by Report week, 2016 season
Years Report Week
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
% Positive 2012 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 67 33 67 33 50 67 64 67 33 67 67 55 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
% Positive 2015 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 100 83 60 73 0 25 67 83 57 50 80 67 0 21 0 0 0 0 50 0 0
% Positive 2016 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 100 23 75 100 100                      
# Positive 2016 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 3 3 1 5                      
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