2024 Public Service Employee Survey Respondent Distribution by Demographic Characteristics

Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Total responses reflect the number of respondents who answered the demographic question and have not been adjusted for non-response. The distribution of respondents by demographic characteristics is shown for reference purposes only and should never be used to determine the demographic composition of the federal public service.

Demographic 2024
Department Name  Public Service
Total Responses 186,635
Question 82. Are you a supervisor?
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
Supervisor 25% 25% 24% 23%
Non-supervisor 75% 76% 76% 77%
Total Responses 186,430 189,355 188,354 181,682
Question 96. Which of the following best describes your current work arrangement?
Demographic 2024 2022
Working on-site at a Government of Canada location all of the time 15% 14%
Teleworking all of the time 15% 42%
Hybrid (i.e. any combination of telework and on-site work) 70% 45%
Total Responses 186,290 189,390
Question 97. Are you currently a shift worker?
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
Shift worker 8% 9% 8% 9%
Non-shift worker 92% 91% 92% 91%
Total Responses 186,180 188,850 188,163 179,793
Question 98. Do you work full-time or part-time?
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
Full-time 97% 97% 96% 96%
Part-time 3% 3% 4% 4%
Total Responses 186,110 188,765 187,741 181,058
Question 99. What is your current employee status?
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
Indeterminate (permanent) 86% 84% 86% 83%
Seasonal 0% 0% 0% 0%
Term 12% 14% 11% 11%
Casual 1% 1% 2% 2%
Student 1% 1% 1% 3%
Governor-in-council appointee 0% 0% 0% 0%
Total Responses 186,280 188,905 188,437 181,248
Question 100. Have you ever served in the Canadian military?
Demographic 2024
Currently serving in the Regular Force or the Primary Reserve Force 0%
No longer serving in the Regular Force or the Primary Reserve Force 4%
Has never served in the Regular Force or the Primary Reserve Force 95%
Total Responses 186,200
Question 101a. Please indicate your occupational group.
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
AB (Indian Oil and Gas Canada) 0% 0% 0% 0%
AC (Actuarial Science) 0% 0% 0% 0%
AD (Administrative and Foreign Services at National Film Board of Canada) 0% 0% 0% 0%
AD (Administrative Support at National Research Council of Canada) 0% 0% 0% 0%
AG (Agriculture; includes AG group at Canadian Food Inspection Agency) 0% Not applicable 0% 0%
AI (Air Traffic Control) 0% 0% 0% 0%
AM (Audit committee members) 0% Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable
AO (Aircraft Operations; includes subgroups CAI, ETP, HPS) 0% 0% 0% 0%
AP-FIN (Audit Professional – Financial Audits at the Office of the Auditor General of Canada) 0% 0% 0% 0%
AP-VFM (Audit Professional – Performance Audits at the Office of the Auditor General of Canada) 0% 0% 0% 0%
AR (Architecture and Town Planning) 0% 0% 0% 0%
AS (Administrative Services) 15% 14% 14% 14%
AS (Administrative Support at National Film Board of Canada) 0% 0% 0% 0%
ASG (Audit Services Group) 0% 0% 0% 0%
AU (Auditing) 3% 3% 2% 2%
BI (Biological Sciences) 1% 1% 1% 1%
CH (Chemistry) 0% 0% 0% 0%
CM (Communications) 0% Not applicable 0% 0%
CO (Commerce; does not include COOP students) 1% 1% 1% 1%
CR (Clerical and Regulatory) 5% 5% 6% 7%
CS (Computer Systems) 2% 2% 6% 6%
CT (Comptrollership (includes subgroups EAV, FIN, IAU)) 0% Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable
CX (Correctional Services) 1% 1% 1% 1%
DA (Data Processing; includes DAPRO and DACON) 0% Not applicable 0% 0%
DD (Drafting and Illustration) 0% 0% 0% 0%
DE (Dentistry) 0% Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable
DE (Executive at National Film Board of Canada) 0% 0% 0% 0%
DM (Deputy Minister) 0% 0% 0% 0%
DS (Defense Scientific Service) 0% 0% 0% 0%
DX (Director at Office of the Auditor General of Canada) 0% 0% 0% 0%
EC (Economics and Social Science Services) 9% 9% 7% 7%
ED (Education; includes subgroups EDS, LAT, EST) 0% 0% 0% 0%
EF 0% Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable
EFIN 0% Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable
EG (Engineering and Scientific Support) 3% 3% 3% 3%
EL (Electronics) 0% 0% 0% 0%
EN (Engineering & Land Survey (includes subgroups ENG, SUR)) 1% 1% 1% 1%
ES (Economics, Sociology and Statistics at Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Parks Canada & Canada Revenue Agency) 0% 0% 0% 0%
EU (Educational Support; includes subgroups PEI, TEA) 0% Not applicable 0% 0%
EX (Executive) 3% 3% 3% 3%
EX-PCX (Executive at Parks Canada) 0% 0% 0% 0%
FB (Border Services) 2% 2% 2% 2%
FI (Financial Management) 2% 2% 2% 2%
FO (Forestry) 0% 0% 0% 0%
FR (Firefighters) 0% 0% 0% 0%
FS (Foreign Service) 1% 1% 1% 1%
FT (Occupational group at Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre) 0% 0% Not applicable Not applicable
GIC (Governor in Council) 0% 0% Not applicable Not applicable
GL (General Labour and Trades; includes subgroups AIM, COI, EIM, ELE, GHW, INM, MAM, MAN, MDO, MOC, MST, PCF, PIP, PRW, SMW, VHE, WOW) 1% 1% 1% 1%
GR (GR group at Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council) 0% 0% 0% 0%
GR-EX (Executive at Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council) 0% 0% 0% 0%
GS (General Services; includes subgroups BUS, FOS, LAS, MES, MPS, PRC, STS) 0% 0% 1% 1%
GT (General Technical) 1% 1% 1% 1%
GX 0% Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable
HB 0% Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable
HP (Heating, Power and Stationary Plant Operation) 0% 0% 0% 0%
HR (Historical Research) 0% 0% 0% 0%
HR/RH-CRA (Human Resources at Canada Revenue Agency) 0% 0% 0% 0%
HS (Hospital Services) 0% 0% 0% 0%
IM (IM group at Canadian Food Inspection Agency) 0% 0% 0% 0%
IN (IN group at Statistical Survey Operations) 0% 0% 0% 0%
IS (Information Services) 2% 2% 2% 2%
IT (Information Technology) 5% 5% Not applicable Not applicable
ITS/LA (Information Technology/Law Group) 0% 0% 0% 0%
LC (Law Management) 0% 0% 0% 0%
LI (Lightkeepers) 0% 0% 0% 0%
LIB (Library Science at National Research Council of Canada) 0% 0% 0% 0%
LP (Law Practitioner) 1% 1% 1% 1%
LS (Library Sciences) 0% 0% 0% 0%
MA (Mathematics) 0% 0% 0% 0%
MD (Medicine; includes subgroups MOF and MSP) 0% 0% 0% 0%
MG (MG group at Canada Revenue Agency) 2% 2% 2% 2%
MGT (Director at Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission) 0% 0% 0% 0%
MGT (Management at National Research Council of Canada) 0% 0% 0% 0%
MT (Meteorology) 0% 0% 0% 0%
NB (All employees at Canada Energy Regulator) 0% 0% 0% 0%
ND (Nutrition and Dietetics; includes subgroups ADV, DIT, HME) 0% 0% 0% 0%
NU (Nursing; includes subgroups EMA, CHN and HOS) 1% 1% 1% 1%
OC 0% Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable
OE (Office Equipment; includes subgroups DEO, MEO) 0% Not applicable 0% 0%
OM (Organization and Methods) 0% 0% 0% 0%
OP (Occupational and Physical Therapy) 0% 0% 0% 0%
OP (NRC) 0% Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable
PC (Physical Sciences) 1% 1% 1% 1%
PE (Personnel Administration) 2% 2% 2% 2%
PG (Purchasing and Supply) 1% 1% 1% 1%
PH (Pharmacy) 0% 0% 0% 0%
PI (Primary Product Inspection at Canadian Grain Commission; includes PICGC) 0% 0% 0% 0%
PM (Program Administration) 14% 12% 11% 10%
PM-MCO (Mediation and Conciliation) 0% 0% 0% 0%
PO-IMA (Intercept Monitor Analyst at Royal Canadian Mounted Police) 0% 0% 0% 0%
PO-TCO (Telecommunication Operators at Royal Canadian Mounted Police) 0% 0% 0% 0%
PR (Printing Operations; includes subgroups BIN, COM, OFO, PRC) 0% Not applicable 0% 0%
PS (Psychology) 0% 0% 0% 0%
PT (Professional and Technical) 0% 0% Not applicable Not applicable
PX/AAG/AG (Principal/Assistant Auditor General/Auditor General) 0% 0% 0% 0%
PY (Photography) 0% Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable
RCO (Research Council Officer) 0% 0% 0% 0%
RE (Includes employees at Financial Consumer Agency of Canada and National Capital Commission) 0% 0% 0% 0%
REG (All employees at Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission) 0% 0% 0% 0%
REX (Executive at Financial Consumer Agency of Canada) 0% 0% 0% 0%
RLE (Executive at Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission) 0% 0% 0% 0%
RO (Radio Operations) 0% 0% 0% 0%
RO (Research Officer at the National Research Council of Canada) 0% 0% 0% 0%
SC (Ships’ Crews; includes subgroups DED, ERD, SPT, STD) 0% 0% 0% 0%
SE (Scientific Research; includes subgroups REM, RES) 0% 0% 0% 1%
SG (Scientific Regulation; includes subgroups PAT, SRE) 1% 1% 1% 1%
SI (Social Science support at Canada Revenue Agency) 0% 0% 0% 0%
SO (Ships’ Officers; includes subgroups FLP, INS, MAO, RAD) 0% 0% 0% 0%
SP (Applied Science and Patent Examination) 0% 0% Not applicable Not applicable
SP-CRA (Services and Programs at Canada Revenue Agency) 10% 12% 10% 9%
SP-NFB (Scientific and Professional at National Film Board of Canada) 0% 0% 0% 0%
SR (Ship Repair; includes subgroups APC, APD, APP, BOB, CPS, DNT, EEW, ELE, EME, INM, MAC, MAM, MDO, MGT, PIP, PLE, PRW, QCW, SMW, SPS, WOW) 0% 0% 0% 0%
SR (Regulatory Science at Canadian Food Inspection Agency) 0% 0% 0% 0%
ST (Secretarial, Stenographic and Typing; includes subgroups OCE, SCY) 0% 0% 0% 0%
SW (Social Work; includes subgroups CHA, SCW) 0% 0% 0% 0%
TC (Technical at National Film Board of Canada) 0% 0% 0% 0%
TI (Technical Inspection) 1% 1% 1% 1%
TO (Technical Officer at National Research Council of Canada) 0% 0% 0% 0%
TR (Translation) 0% 0% 0% 0%
UNI (Includes employees at Communications Security Establishment) 1% 1% 1% 1%
UT (University Teaching) 0% 0% 0% 0%
VM (Veterinary Medicine) 0% 0% 0% 0%
WP (Welfare Programs) 1% 1% 1% 1%
Student 1% 1% 1% 3%
Total Responses 183,770 185,140 185,698 179,854
Question 101.3. Occupational category (variable derived from question 105)
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
Executive (DE-NFB, DX, EX, EXPCX, GR-EX, MGT-CNSC, MGT-NRC, PX/AAG/AG, REX, RLE) 3% 3% 3.0% 2.9%
Scientific and Professional (AC, AG, AP-VFM, AR, AU, BI, CH, CT, DE, DS, EC, ED, EN, ES, FO, HR, LC, LIB-NRC, LP, LS, MA, MD, MT, ND, NU, OP, PC, PH, PM-MCO, PS, RCO, RO-NRC, SE, SG, SI, SP-NFB, SR-CFIA,  SW, UT, VM) 22% 21% 19.7% 18.9%
Administration and Foreign Services (AD-NFB, AP-FIN, AS, CO, CS, FI, FS, HR/RH-CRA, IS, OM, PE, PG, PM, SP-CRA, TR, WP, IT) 55% 56% 53.2% 50.8%
Technical (AI, AO, DD, EG, EL, EU, GT, PI, PT, PY, RO, SO, TC, TI, TO) 5% 5% 5.8% 5.9%
Administrative Support (AD-NRC, AS-NFB, CM, CR, DA, OE, ST) 5% 5% 6.6% 7.1%
Operational (CX, FB, FR, GL, GS, HP, HS, LI, OP-NFB, OP-NRC, PO-IMA, PO-TCO, PR, SC, SR) 4% 5% 5.4% 6.0%
Other occupational category (AB, AM, ASG, EF, EFIN, FT, GA, GR, IA, IM, IN, ITS/LA, MG, NB, RE, REG, UNI, Other, Students, GIC, GLELE, SP) 5% 5% 6.2% 8.3%
Total Responses 183,740 185,105 185,681 179,832
Question 102. What are the language requirements of your position?
Demographic 2024 2022 2019
Bilingual 44% 43% 43%
Unilingual English 41% 42% 40%
Unilingual French 3% 3% 3%
Either English or French 9% 9% 14%
Don’t know 3% 3% Not applicable
Total Responses 186,070 188,725 181,365
Question 103. With which of the following communities do you most closely identify in relation to your current job?
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
Client contact centre 8% 9% 7% 6%
Health care practitioners 1% 1% 1% 1%
Intelligence analysts 1% Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable
Federal regulators 2% 2% 2% 2%
Compliance, inspection and enforcement 9% 10% 10% 9%
Communications or public affairs 3% 3% 3% 3%
Access to information and privacy 1% 1% 1% 1%
Security 2% 3% 3% 3%
Science and technology 6% 5% 6% 6%
Library services 0% 0% 0% 0%
Legal services 2% 2% 2% 2%
Administration and operations 15% 14% 15% 15%
Human resources 6% 6% 6% 6%
Financial management 4% 4% 4% 4%
Procurement 2% 2% 2% 2%
Real property 2% 2% 2% 2%
Materiel management 1% 1% 1% 1%
Information management 2% 2% 2% 2%
Information technology 7% 7% 7% 7%
Internal audit 1% 1% 1% 1%
Evaluation 1% 1% 1% 1%
Data sciences 2% 2% 2% 2%
Policy 6% 6% 6% 5%
Project management 5% 6% 5% 5%
Other services to the public 5% 5% 5% 5%
Total Responses 185,520 187,050 187,147 177,726
Question 104. In total, how many years have you been working in the federal public service?
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
Less than 3 years in the federal public service 17% 22% 19% 21%
3 to 10 years in the federal public service 39% 31% 28% 28%
11 to 20 years in the federal public service 26% 29% 35% 34%
More than 20 years in the federal public service 19% 19% 18% 17%
Total Responses 182,440 184,990 187,332 180,571
Question 105. In total, how many years have you been working in your current department or agency?
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
Less than 3 years in current department or agency 29% 35% 27% 29%
3 to 10 years in current department or agency 42% 35% 35% 34%
11 to 20 years in current department or agency 18% 20% 26% 26%
More than 20 years in current department or agency 10% 10% 11% 11%
Total Responses 183,590 185,535 175,475 164,920
Question 106. What is your first official language?
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
English 69% 69% 69% 69%
French 31% 31% 31% 31%
Total Responses 185,690 187,755 187,147 181,415
Question 107. Do you occupy a position in which you provide services directly to the public as a regular part of your job?
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
Provides services to the public 30% 31% 32% 33%
Does not provide services to the public 70% 69% 69% 67%
Total Responses 185,710 187,770 187,968 181,395
Question 108. In which province or territory do you work?
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
National Capital Region 43% 44% 45% 45%
Ontario (excluding National Capital Region) 14% 14% 14% 13%
Quebec (excluding National Capital Region) 12% 12% 11% 10%
Northwest Territories 0% 0% 0% 0%
Nunavut 0% 0% 0% 0%
Yukon 0% 0% 0% 0%
British Columbia 7% 8% 8% 8%
Alberta 6% 6% 6% 6%
Saskatchewan 2% 2% 2% 2%
Manitoba 4% 4% 4% 4%
New Brunswick 4% 4% 4% 4%
Nova Scotia 4% 3% 3% 4%
Prince Edward Island 1% 1% 1% 2%
Newfoundland and Labrador 2% 2% 2% 2%
Outside of Canada 1% 1% 1% 1%
Total Responses 185,590 187,640 188,070 180,852
Question 109. Do you work in one of the following designated bilingual areas of Quebec or Ontario?
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
The bilingual region of Montréal (the counties of Deux-Montagnes, Île-de-Montréal and Île-Jésus, La Prairie, and Vaudreuil) 23% 22% 21% 20%
The bilingual regions of other parts of Quebec (the counties of Bonaventure, Gaspé-Est, Brome, Compton, Huntingdon, Missisquoi, Richmond, Sherbrooke, Stanstead, Argenteuil and Pontiac) 2% 2% 2% 2%
The bilingual region of Eastern Ontario (the counties of Glengarry, Prescott, Russell and Stormont) 1% 1% 2% 1%
The bilingual region of Northern Ontario (the counties of Algoma, Cochrane, Nipissing, Sudbury and Timiskaming) 5% 6% 6% 6%
I do not work in one of these areas 69% 69% 70% 71%
Total Responses 47,700 48,225 142,125 42,680
Question asked only to employees who responded that they work in Ontario or Quebec for Q108.
Question 110. What is your age group?
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
24 years and under 2% 3% 3% 6%
25 - 29 years 8% 9% 9% 9%
30 - 34 years 11% 11% 10% 10%
35 - 39 years 13% 13% 13% 13%
40 - 44 years 16% 16% 16% 15%
45 - 49 years 16% 16% 15% 14%
50 - 54 years 14% 14% 14% 14%
55 - 59 years 10% 11% 12% 11%
60 years and over 8% 8% 7% 7%
Total Responses 184,680 186,455 186,478 179,492
Question 111. What is your gender?
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
Man 39% 39% 40% 41%
Woman 61% 61% 60% 58%
Another gender 0% 0% 0% 0%
Total Responses 176,350 178,935 185,657 179,422
Question 112. Are you a person with a disability?Question 112 note *
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
Person with a disability 17% 13% 9% 7%
Not a person with a disability 83% 87% 91% 93%
Total Responses 172,870 179,095 187,409 180,180
Question 112 Note 1

The definition of disability has changed from the 2022 PSES. Please use caution when comparing between cycles.

Return to Question 112 note * referrer

a. A seeing disability
A seeing disability affects vision, including total blindness, partial sight, and visual distortion.
Demographic 2024
Person with a disability, seeing disability 7%
Person with a disability, seeing disability not selected 93%
Total Responses 27,400
b. A hearing disability
A hearing disability affects ability to hear, including being hard of hearing, deafness, or acoustic distortion
Demographic 2024
Person with a disability, hearing disability 12%
Person with a disability, hearing disability not selected 88%
Total Responses 27,400
c. A speech or communication disability
A speech or communication disability affects ability to talk, including total speech loss, partial speech, and speech distortion
Demographic 2024
Person with a disability, speech or communication disability 2%
Person with a disability, speech or communication disability not selected 98%
Total Responses 27,400
d. A mobility disability
A mobility disability affects ability to move your body, including the required use of a wheelchair or a cane, or other issues impacting your mobility
Demographic 2024
Person with a disability, mobility disability 15%
Person with a disability, mobility disability not selected 85%
Total Responses 27,400
e. A flexibility disability
A flexibility disability affects ability to move joints, to bend and to reach for things
Demographic 2024
Person with a disability, flexibility disability 11%
Person with a disability, flexibility disability not selected 89%
Total Responses 27,400
f. A dexterity disability
A dexterity disability affects ability to perform fine motor tasks, especially with your hands.
Demographic 2024
Person with a disability, dexterity disability 6%
Person with a disability, dexterity disability not selected 94%
Total Responses 27,400
g. A mental health-related disability
A mental health disability affects psychology or behaviour, such as anxiety, depression, social or compulsive disorder, phobia or psychiatric illness
Demographic 2024
Person with a disability, mental health-related disability 47%
Person with a disability, mental health-related disability not selected 53%
Total Responses 27,400
h. A sensory or environmental disability
A sensory or environmental disability affects sensitivity to lights, sounds, smells or other elements in one’s environment, including allergen
Demographic 2024
Person with a disability, sensory or environmental disability 19%
Person with a disability, sensory or environmental disability not selected 81%
Total Responses 27,400
i. A chronic health condition
A chronic health condition affects ability to function on a regular or episodic basis due to an ongoing health condition such as diabetes, Crohn’s disease, colitis, fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis
Demographic 2024
Person with a disability, chronic health condition 26%
Person with a disability, chronic health condition not selected 74%
Total Responses 27,400
j. A pain-related disability
A pain-related disability affects ability to function on a regular or episodic basis due to pain.
Demographic 2024
Person with a disability, pain-related disability 20%
Person with a disability, pain-related disability not selected 80%
Total Responses 27,400
k. A cognitive disability
A cognitive disability affects ability to carry out tasks involving executive functioning, such as planning and organization
Demographic 2024
Person with a disability, cognitive disability 15%
Person with a disability, cognitive disability not selected 85%
Total Responses 27,400
l. A learning disability
A learning disability affects the way a person receives, understands and uses information, such as dyslexia, dysgraphia and other learning disabilities
Demographic 2024
Person with a disability, learning disability 15%
Person with a disability, learning disability not selected 85%
Total Responses 27,400
m. A memory disability
A memory disability affects a person’s ability to remember information
Demographic 2024
Person with a disability, memory disability 6%
Person with a disability, memory disability not selected 94%
Total Responses 27,400
n. A developmental disability (also known as intellectual disability)
A developmental disability (also known as intellectual disability) affects ability to learn and to adapt behaviour to different situations
Demographic 2024
Person with a disability, developmental disability 3%
Person with a disability, developmental disability not selected 97%
Total Responses 27,400
o. Another disability
Demographic 2024
Person with a disability, n.i.e. 6%
Person with a disability, another disability not selected 94%
Total Responses 27,400
Question 113. Do you identify as an Indigenous person?Question 113 note *
Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
Indigenous 4% 4% 4% 4%
Non-Indigenous 96% 96% 96% 96%
Total Responses 178,870 182,070 187,008 180,234
Question 113 Note 1

Comparison across cycles should be made with caution, as the data editing procedures for Q113 were revised in 2024.

Return to Question 113 note * referrer

Demographic 2024 2022 2020 2019
First Nation 48% 43% 45% 45%
Métis 50% 50% 52% 52%
Inuk (Inuit) 4% 4% 3% 4%
Total Responses 6,850 6,880 7,405 7,822
Question 114. Which racial group(s) do you identify with?Question 114 note *
Demographic 2024
Black 6%
East Asian 5%
Southeast Asian 3%
Latin American 2%
Arab 3%
South Asian 5%
West Asian 1%
White 76%
Another racial group 2%
Total Responses 165,510
Question 114 Note 1

This question is not comparable to previous PSES cycles due to significant changes.

Return to Question 114 note * referrer

Demographic 2024
Racialized 25%
Non-racialized 75%
Total Responses 165,510
Q115. Which ethnic or cultural origin(s) do you identify with?Question 115 note *
Demographic 2024
Southern Africa 0%
Western Africa 1%
Northern Africa 1%
Eastern Africa 1%
Central Africa 1%
Africa – not otherwise specified 0%
Southern Asia 2%
Western Asia and the Middle East 1%
Eastern Asia 4%
South-eastern Asia 2%
Central Asia 0%
Asia – not otherwise specified 0%
Southern Europe 2%
Western Europe 4%
Northern Europe 6%
Eastern Europe 3%
Europe – not otherwise specified 1%
South America 1%
North America 32%
Central America 0%
Caribbean 1%
South America, Central America or Caribbean – not otherwise specified 0%
North America - not otherwise specified 5%
Oceania 0%
Oceania – not otherwise specified 0%
Buddhist 0%
Christian 4%
Hindu 0%
Jewish 0%
Muslim 0%
Sikh 0%
Another identity 25%
Two or more Ethnic Origins, Africa only 0%
Two or more Ethnic Origins, Asia only 0%
Two or more Ethnic Origins, Europe only 4%
Two or more Ethnic Origins, Other 21%
Total Responses 151,250
Question 115 Note 1

This question is not comparable to previous PSES cycles due to significant changes.

Return to Question 115 note * referrer

Question 116. Which religion(s) or belief system(s) do you identify with?Question 116 note *
Demographic 2024
Buddhism 3%
Christianity 54%
Hinduism 2%
Indigenous spiritual tradition 2%
Islam 5%
Judaism 1%
Sikhism 1%
Secular belief system 34%
Another religion or belief system 3%
Total Responses 126,940
Question 116 Note 1

This question is not comparable to previous PSES cycles due to significant changes.

Return to Question 116 note * referrer

Question 117. 2SLGBTQIA+ (variable derived from questions 117a and 117b)
Demographic 2024
Identifies as 2SLGBTQIA+ 11%
Does not identify as 2SLGBTQIA+ 89%
Total Responses 146,510
Question 117a. What is your sexual orientation?Question 117a note *
Demographic 2024
Lesbian 1%
Gay 2%
Bisexual 5%
Asexual 1%
Pansexual 2%
Heterosexual 90%
Another sexual orientation 1%
Total Responses 146,170
Question 117a Note 1

This question is not comparable to previous PSES cycles due to significant changes.

Return to Question 117a note * referrer

Question 117b. Do you identify with any of the following groups?Question 117b note *
Demographic 2024
Two-spirit 7%
Transgender 7%
Queer 55%
Questioning 12%
Intersex 6%
Another identity 25%
Total Responses 9,770
Question 117b Note 1

This question is not comparable to previous PSES cycles due to significant changes.

Return to Question 117b note * referrer

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2025-08-07