Forensic psychology: Part 4: Assessing offender populations: Appendix chapter 8

Appendix A

Risk Factors and Assessment Measures

Table 1: Individual Factors
Risk Markers Assessment Tool

1) Behavioural Deficits

  • assertiveness deficits
  • problem-solving deficits
  • Spouse-Specific Assertion Scale
  • The Assertion Inventory
  • The Problem-Solving Inventory

2) Hostility/Anger

  • e.g., explicit threats, plan to harm,generalized anger, high levels of hostility
  • Structured interview questions
  • File/hard information (parole reports, community assessments, psychological reports)
  • Reports by female partner
  • Buss-Dorken Hostility Inventory
  • Hostility and Direction of Hostility Questionnaire
  • Multidimensional Anger Inventory
  • Thematic Apperception test

3) Internal States

  • depression
  • low self-esteem
  • Beck Depression Inventory
  • Index of Self-Esteem

4) Current Behaviour

  • obsessive concern for partner's whereabouts
  • current use of violence/abuse
  • use of alcohol and drugs
  • Structured interview questions
  • File/hard copy information (parole reports, community assessments, psychological reports)
  • Reports by female partner
  • Conflict Tactics Scale
  • Index of Controlling Behaviour
  • Psychological Maltreatment of Women Scale
  • Michigan Alcohol Screening Test
  • Drug Addiction Screening Test

5) Personality Disorders

  • Borderline Personality Disorder
  • Narcissistic and Antisocial Personality Disorder
  • Dependent/Compulsive Personality Disorder
  • File/hard copy information (parole reports, community assessments, psychological reports)
  • Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (Version 2)
  • Self-Report Instrument for Borderline
  • Personality Organization

6) Attitudes/Beliefs

  • adherence to traditional sex-role stereotypes
  • rigid sex-role expectations with regard to female independence and household responsibilities
  • hostile sentiments toward women and women's movement
  • need for power in relationship
  • desire to control partner
  • Structured interview question
  • File/hard copy information (parole reports, community assessments, psychological reports)
  • Reports by female partner
  • Attitudes Toward Women Scale
  • Inventory of Beliefs About Wife Beating
  • Hostility Toward Women Scale
  • Fundamental Interpersonal Relations-Orientation-Behaviour (FIRO-B)
  • Measure on Interpersonal Power
  • Decision Power Index
Table 2: Environmental Factors
Risk Markers Assessment Tool

1) Recent Changes in Marital Status/Structure

  • e.g., undesired separation, finalization of divorce, changes in custody and access, marriage or cohabitation, sudden increase or decrease in level of intimacy, partner becomes pregnant, ex-partner enters new relationship
  • Structured interview question
  • File/hard copy information (parole reports, community assessments, psychological reports)
  • Reports by female partner
  • Lock-Wallace Marital Adjustment Scale

2) Social Support/Network

  • e.g., strong ties to others supportive of crime, in general, and abusive behaviour, in particular
  • Identification with Criminal Others (subscale of Criminal Sentiments Scale)
  • Social Support for Crime Scale
Table 3: Historical Factors
Risk Markers Assessment Tool

1) Family of Origin

  • e.g., history of witnessing/ experiencing violence
  • Structured interview questions
  • File/hard copy information (parole reports, community assessments, psychological reports)
  • Assessing Environments III Questionnaire

2) Past Personal Behaviour

  • e.g., extensive record of violent behaviour, multiple relationships, charges/convictions for women or child abuse
  • consider frequency, chronicity, severity and other targets of abuse
  • Structured interview questions
  • File/hard copy information (parole reports, community assessments, psychological reports)
  • Reported by female partner
  • Conflict Tactics Scale
  • Index of Controlling Behaviour
  • Psychological Maltreatment Toward Women Scale

Appendix B

List of Assessment Measures

Assessment instruments used in the family enrichment program

Assessment instruments collected for CSC's national database

Other assessment instruments noted in the literature

Appendix C

Abuse History Interview

Men's Version
FEP #:
JHS #:
Date:
FPS #:
Previous Enrolment:






Yes __ No __
D __ M __ Y __

A. Basic Information

Client Name:
First Last
Birthdate: D __ M __ Y __
Age: __
Gender: 1. Female 2. Male
Address:
Phone number:
Alternate contact number: _
Partner's Name:
Partner's JHS #:
Couple #: __
Language: 1. __ English
2. __ French
3. __ Other
Aboriginal Origin: Yes __ No __
Education/Employment
Highest grade completed: __
Post secondary education? Yes __ No __
Currently attending school? Yes __ No __
If yes, grade __
Current employment status: 1. __full-time
2. __part-time
3. __unemployed
4. __disabled
5. __retired
Occupation (when working): _
Financial Status
On social assistance? Yes __ No __
If yes, which type: 1. __ General Welfare
2. __ Medical Compensation
3. __ Unemployment Insurance
4. __ Family Benefits
5. __ Other (specify)
How long on social assistance : _ (in months)
Personal annual income: $ _
Referral source: __
Other agencies the client has been involved with in the last 6 months include: _
_
Presenting Problem: 1. __ Difficulties Within Marital Relationship
2. __ Individual Problems
3. __ Parent/Child Problems
4. __ Separation Process (incarceration/reintegration)
B. Criminal History
1. Are you currently under supervision? Yes __ No __
2. Do you have a special condition to attend this program? Yes __ No __
3. Have you ever been convicted of a crime involving
violence (assault, robbery with a weapon, etc.)?
Yes __ No __
4. Have you ever been convicted of a crime involving
violence against a woman (assault, sexual assault, etc.)?
Yes __ No __
5. Did you serve time as a result of this conviction? Yes __ No __
6. Have the police ever been called to your home? Yes __ No __
7. Have you ever been charged for assaulting your
partner or children?
Yes __ No __
8. Have you ever spent time in prison for assault
against your partner or children
Yes __ No __
9. Have you ever received treatment for violence
toward family members before?
Yes __ No __

Please describe treatment (where it was, individual, group, marital, focus, etc.):
__ __ __

C. Social History

The next section of the interview has to do with what things were like when you were growing up, so I'm going to ask you some questions about your family and your childhood.

Family of Origin
1. Did your parents ever separate or divorce? Yes __ No __
2. Were you or your brothers/sisters ever removed from your parents' care? Yes __ No __
3. Did your family have any financial problems when you were growing up? Yes __ No __
4. Did your mother or father have employment problems (e.g., were they frequently unemployed or changing jobs)? Yes __ No __
5. Did your family have housing problems (e.g., did you move a lot, ever evicted)? Yes __ No __
6. Did anyone in your family have an alcohol problem? Yes __ No __
Who:
1. __Mother
2. __Father
3. __Brother/Sister
4. __You (as a child/adolescent)
7. Did anyone in your family have a drug problem? Yes __ No __
Who:
1. __Mother
2. __Father
3. __Brother/Sister
4. __You (as a child/adolescent)
8. Did anyone in your family seek professional help for a problem? Yes __ No __
Who:
1. __Mother
2. __Father
3. __Brother/Sister
4. __You (as a child/adolescent)
9. Were any members of your family ever involved in legal conflicts (other than divorce)? Yes __ No __
Who:
1. __Mother
2. __Father
3. __Brother/Sister
4. __You (as a child/adolescent)
10a. Did your father or step-father ever physically abuse his wife or your mother (that you know of/witnessed)? Yes __ No __
10b. What types of behaviour were involved? __hitting
__pushing
__kicking
__slapping
__grabbing
__choking
__use of weapon
__other __
11 a. Did your father or step-father ever emotionally abuse his wife or your mother (that you know of/witnessed)? Yes __ No __
11b. What types of behaviour were involved? __yelling
__swearing
__threatening
__insulting
__blaming/inducing guilt
__jealousy
__isolation
__property damage
__other __
12a. Did your father or step-father ever sexually abuse his wife or your mother (that you know of/witnessed)? Yes __ No __
12b. What types of behaviour were involved? __pressuring sex
__forcing sex
__sexual touching/fondling
__derogatory sexual comments
__other __
13a. Were you ever physically abused as a child? Yes __ No __
By whom:
1. __Mother
2. __Father
3. __Brother
4. __Sister
5. __Other Relative
6. __Neighbour/Family Friend
7. __Stranger
8. __Institutional
13b. What types of behaviours were involved? __hitting
__pushing
__kicking
__slapping
__grabbing
__choking
__use of weapon
__other __
14a. Were you ever emotionally abused as a child? Yes __ No __
Who:
1. __Mother
2. __Father
3. __Brother
4. __Sister
5. __Other Relative
6. __Neighbour/Family Friend
7. __Stranger
8. __Institutional
14b. What types of behaviours were involved? __yelling
__swearing
__threatening
__insulting
__blaming/inducing guilt
__jealousy
__isolation
__property damage
__other __
15a. Were you ever sexually abused as a child? Yes __ No __
Who:
1. __Mother
2. __Father
3. __Brother
4. __Sister
5. __Other Relative
6. __Neighbour/Family Friend
7. __Stranger
8. __Institutional
15b. What types behaviours were involved? __pressuring sex
__forcing sex
__sexual touching/fondling
__derogatory sexual comments
__other __
16. Did you ever witness the abuse Yes __ No __
Type:
1. __Physical
2. __Emotional
3. __Sexual

Past Problems

Most people run into problems at some time during their life. I'm going to list some different areas people have problems with and I'd like you to tell me if these areas have ever been trouble spots for you.

17. Have you ever been separated or divorced? Yes __ No __
18. As an adult, have you ever had any financial problems? Yes __ No __
19. Have you ever had employment problems (e.g., frequently unemployed or changing jobs)? Yes __ No __
20. Have you had any difficulties with education (e.g., achievement problems, unable to access resources)? Yes __ No __
21. Have you had any housing problems (e.g., did you move a lot, ever evicted) Yes __ No __
22. Have your children ever been placed in care? Yes __ No __
23. Have you ever had an alcohol problem? Yes __ No __
24. Have you ever had a drug problem? Yes __ No __
25. Have you ever had suicidal thoughts, or made any plans for suicide? Yes __ No __
26. Have you ever been treated for a psychiatric disorder? Yes __ No __
27. Have you ever been involved in legal conflicts (other than divorce)? Yes __ No __
28a. Have you ever been physically abused as an adult? Yes __ No __
By whom:
1. __Mother
2. __Father
3. __Brother
4. __Sister
5. __Other Relative
6. __Neighbour/Family Friend
7. __Stranger
8. __Spouse/Partner
9. __Institutional
28b. What types of behaviour were involved? __hitting
__pushing
__kicking
__slapping
__grabbing
__choking
__use of weapon
__other __
29a. Have you ever been emotionally abused as an adult? Yes __ No __
By whom:
1. __Mother
2. __Father
3. __Brother
4. __Sister
5. __Other Relative
6. __Neighbour/Family Friend
7. __Stranger
8. __Spouse/Partner
9. __Institutional
29b. What types of behaviour were involved? __yelling
__swearing
__threatening
__insulting
__blaming/inducing guilt
__jealousy
__isolation
__property damage
__other __
30a. Have you been sexually abused as an adult? Yes __ No __
By whom:
1. __Mother
2. __Father
3. __Brother
4. __Sister
5. __Other Relative
6. __Neighbour/Family Friend
7. __Stranger
8. __Spouse/Partner
9. __Institutional
30b. What types of behaviour were involved? __pressuring sex
__forcing sex
__sexual touching/fondling
__derogatory sexual comments
__other __

Current Problems

Now I'd like to go over those same problem areas, to see where your current problems are, so let me know if these things are a problem or concern for you, right now.

31. Is separation/divorce currently a problem for you? Yes __ No __
32. Do you have any financial problems right now? Yes __ No __
33. Are you having employment problems (e.g., frequently unemployed or changing jobs)? Yes __ No __ Specify
34. Are you having any difficulties with education (e.g., achievement problems, unable to access resources)? Yes __ No __ Specify
35. Do you have any housing problems (e.g., are you moving a lot, being evicted) Yes __ No __ Specify
36. Are your children currently placed in care? Yes __ No __
37. Is alcohol use currently a problem for you? Yes __ No __ Specify
38. Is drug use causing any problems for you? Yes __ No __ Specify
39. Do you currently have suicidal thoughts? Yes __ No __ Specify
40. Are you being treated for a psychiatric disorder? Yes __ No __ Specify
41. Are you currently involved in a legal conflict (other than divorce)? Yes __ No __ Specify
42. Are you currently being physically abused? Yes __ No __
By whom:
1. __Mother
2. __Father
3. __Brother
4. __Sister
5. __Other Relative
6. __Neighbour/Family Friend
7. __Stranger
8. __Spouse/Partner
9. __Institutional
43. Are you currently being emotionally abused? Yes __ No __
By whom:
1. __Mother
2. __Father
3. __Brother
4. __Sister
5. __Other Relative
6. __Neighbour/Family Friend
7. __Stranger
8. __Spouse/Partner
9. __Institutional
44. Are you currently being sexually abused? Yes __ No __
By whom:
1. __Mother
2. __Father
3. __Brother
4. __Sister
5. __Other Relative
6. __Neighbour/Family Friend
7. __Stranger
8. __Spouse/Partner
9. __Institutional

D. Family Structure Information

1. Current Marital Status: __Single
__Divorced
__Common-law
__Separated
__Married
__Widowed
2. Past Marital Status: __Single
__Divorced
__Common-law
__Separated
__Married
__Widowed
3. Do you have any children? Yes No If yes, number of children living at home Number of children not living at home Yes __ No __
__
__
4. Length of time with current partner __
5. In your current relationship, have you ever engaged in any: A. __ Emotional Abuse:
__yelling
__swearing
__threatening
__insulting
__blaming/inducing guilt
__jealousy
__isolation
__property damage
__financial
__other __

B. __ Physical Abuse:
__yelling
__swearing
__hitting
__pushing
__kicking
__slapping
__grabbing
__choking
__use of weapon
__other __

C. __ Sexual Abuse:
__pressuring sex
__forcing sex
__sexual touching/fondling
__derogatory sexual comments
__other __
6. Abusive toward current partner Yes __ No __
7. During arguments or fights in your past relationship, did you ever engage in any: A. __ Emotional Abuse:
__yelling
__swearing
__threatening
__insulting
__blaming/inducing guilt
__jealousy
__isolation
__property damage
__financial
__other __

B. __ Physical Abuse:
__yelling
__swearing
__hitting
__pushing
__kicking
__slapping
__grabbing
__choking
__use of weapon
__other __

C. __ Sexual Abuse:
__pressuring sex
__forcing sex
__sexual touching/fondling
__derogatory sexual comments
__other __
8. Abusive toward previous partner (interviewer assessment): Yes __ No __
9. If you are separated from your current partner, how often do you see her? 1. __never
2. __once every few months
3. __once a month
4, __once a week
5. __a few times a week
6. __daily
10. How often do you talk with her (e.g., on the phone)? 1. __never
2. __once every few months
3. __once a month
4, __once a week
5. __a few times a week
6. __daily
11. If you are separated from your current partner 1. __definitely yes
2. __probably yes
3. __don't know
4. __probably no
5. __definitely no
If separated, primary reason for separation: _

If Abusive Toward Previous Partner

12. Do you still have contact with your previous partner? Yes __ No __
1. __never
2. __once every few months
3. __once a month
4, __once a week
5. __a few times a week
6. __daily
13. How often do you talk with her (e.g., on the phone)? 1. __never
2. __once every few months
3. __once a month
4, __once a week
5. __a few times a week
6. __daily
14. What is the nature/purpose of the contact? 1. __custody/visiting of children
2. __harassment
3. __just "touching base"
4. __other (specify) _
15. Did any of the abuse continue after separation? Yes __ No __
16. Was any type of abuse committed with your child(ren)? Yes __ No __
1. __Physical
2. __Emotional
3. __Sexual
4. __Property damage
5. __Isolation
6. __Financial

E. Violence History

Instructions: Questions concerning abuse refer to the abusive relationship the man has been/is involved in. This means that if his current relationship is not abusive, the questions will refer to his previous relationship. If more than one relationship has been abusive, focus on the most recent abusive relationship. Please indicate if this section refers to:
a current partner __
a previous partner __
I'm going to ask you some questions about the abuse in your relationship with (partner's name, if known; focus on the abusive relationship, even if it is not the current relationship).

1. What types of abuse were committed (define each type with examples): a. __physical (hit, slap, punch, kick, push, use of weapon)
b. __emotional (name calling, insults, guilt, degradation, intimidation)
c. __sexual (forced sexual activity of any type)
d. __property damage (hurt pets, destroy furniture, belongings)
e. __isolation (restrict use of car/phone/money/visits to/from family/friends)
f. __financial (takes/doles out money, must account for money spent)

2. How long were you involved with your partner before you became emotionally abusive? Please check appropriate space.
Days: __ Weeks: __ Months: __ Years: __
1. __first date
2. __in first six months
3. __in first year
4. __after years
5. __after marriage
6. __after moving in together
7. __during pregnancy
8. __other __

3. How long were you involved with your partner before you became physically abusive? Please check appropriate space.
Days: __ Weeks: __ Months: __ Years: __
1. __first date
2. __in first six months
3. __in first year
4. __after years
5. __after marriage
6. __after moving in together
7. __during pregnancy
8. __other __

4. Date of most recent physical violence:
D __ M __ Y __
Can you describe this incident for me? What triggered it? What were you thinldng? What did you (and your partner) do?

5. Date of most recent emotional abuse:
D __ M __ Y __
Can you describe this incident for me? What triggered it? What were you thinking? What did you (and your partner) do?

6. How many times (in total) have you assaulted your partner?
__times

7. Do you know what the average length of time between assaults is (was)?
Days: __ Weeks: __ Months: __ Years: __

8. Over how long a period of time were you assaultive toward your partner?
1. __less than 1 month
2. __1 to 5 months
3. __greater than 5 months to a year
4. __greater than 12 months to a year
5. __greater than 2 years to 5 years
6. __greater than 5 years to 10 years
7. __greater than 10 years

9. What types of physical injuries did she receive because of the abuse:
1. __none
2. __bruises
3. __cuts
4. __black eye
5. __split lip
6. __broken bones
7. __other
8. __don't know

10. Within the abusive relationship, did your partner receive these types of treatment, and how many times has your partner received the following kinds of medical treatment?
1. # __X-rays/examination only (no treatment)
2. # __Treatment for cuts, bruises, bumps
3. # __Stitches
4. # __Broken bones
5. # __Hospitalization (overnight/emergency)
6. # __Hospitalization (overnight/inpatient)
7. __No treatment ever required
8. __Don't know

11. Has there been a time when she needed medical treatment, but did not go for it?
Yes __ No __ Don't know __

12. Has your partner ever called the police because of violence between the two of you?
Yes __ No __ If yes, how many times:
1. __Once
2. __2-3 times
3. __4-6 times
4. __7-10 times
5. __more
6. __can't remember

13. Have you ever assaulted your partner while you were under the influence of drugs?
1. Yes __ 2. No __ 3. Usually __

14. Have you ever assaulted your partner while you were under the influence of alcohol?
1. Yes __ 2. No __ 3. Usually __

15. Have you ever assaulted your partner while you were sober?
1. Yes __ 2. __No 3. __Usually

16. Have you been abusive in other adult relationships?
Yes __ No __
If yes, how many other relationships were abusive?
# __

Intervention Plan
Need Areas:
1. __Improvement in Planning/Decision-Making Skills
2. __Improvement in Problem Solving Skills
3. __Improvement in Communication Skills
4. __Improvement in Self-Esteem
5. __Improvement in Anger/Hostility Management
6. __Improvement in Handling Emotions
7. __Improvement in Assertion Skills
8. __Improvement in Use of Community Resources
9. __Improvement in Attitudes Toward Women/Relationships
10. __Increased Awareness of Problem Situation
11. __Other (Specify)

Overall Level of Service Needed:
1. __No Additional Service
2. __Short-term
3. __Medium-term
4. __Long-term

Overall Level of Alcohol Interference:
Based on all available sources of information, rate the extent to which this client exhibited alcohol problems at intake:
1. No alcohol problems
2. Alcohol causes some interference in functioning
3. Alcohol causes serious interference in functioning

Comments:

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