Annex 1: Key labour market statistics

From: Employment and Social Development Canada

Official title: Employment Insurance Monitoring and Assessment Report for the fiscal year beginning April 1, 2018 and ending March 31, 2019: Annex 1: Key labour market statistics

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List of abbreviations

This is the complete list of abbreviations for the Employment Insurance Monitoring and Assessment Report for the fiscal year beginning April 1, 2018 and ending March 31, 2019.

Abbreviations
ASETS
Aboriginal Skills and Employment Training Strategy
ATSSC
Administrative Tribunals Support Service of Canada
B/C Ratio
Benefits-to-Contributions ratio
B/U Ratio
Benefits-to-Unemployed ratio
B/UC Ratio
Benefits-to-Unemployed Contributor ratio
BDM
Benefit Delivery Modernization
CANSIM
Canadian Socio-Economic Information Management System
CAWS
Citizen Access Workstation Services
CCAJ
Connecting Canadians with Available Jobs
CCB
Canada Child Benefit
CCDA
Canadian Council of Directors of Apprenticeship
CEIC
Canada Employment Insurance Commission
COLS
Community Outreach and Liaison Service
CSO
Citizen Service Officer
CPI
Consumer Price Index
CPP
Canada Pension Plan
CRA
Canada Revenue Agency
CRF
Consolidated Revenue Fund
CUSMA
Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement
CX
Client Experience
EBSMs
Employment Benefits and Support Measures
ECC
Employment Contact Centre
EF
Enabling Fund
EI
Employment Insurance
EI PAAR
Employment Insurance Payment Accuracy Review
EI PRAR
Employment Insurance Processing Accuracy Review
EICS
Employment Insurance Coverage Survey
eROE
Electronic Record of Employment
ESDC
Employment and Social Development Canada
FLMM
Forum of Labour Market Ministers
FY
Fiscal Year
G7
Group of Seven
GDP
Gross Domestic Product
HCCS
Hosted Contact Centre Solution
HRSDC
Human Resources and Social Development Canada
IQF
Individual Quality Feedback
IVR
Interactive Voice Response
LFS
Labour Force Survey
LMDA
Labour Market Development Agreements
LMI
Labour Market Information
LMP
Labour Market Partnerships
MIE
Maximum Insurable Earnings
MSCA
My Service Canada Account
NAICS
North American Industry Classification System
NAFTA
North American Free Trade Agreement
NAS
National Apprenticeship Survey
NERE
New-Entrant/Re-Entrant
NESI
National Essential Skills Initiative
NIS
National Investigative Services
NOS
National Occupational Standards
NQCP
National Quality and Coaching Program for Call Centres
OAS
Old Age Security
OECD
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
PPEs
Clients who are Premiums Paid Eligible
P/Ts
Provinces and Territories
PPTS
Percentage points
PRP
Premium Reduction Program
QPIP
Quebec Parental Insurance Plan
RAIS
Registered Apprenticeship Information System
ROE
Record of Employment
RSOS
Red Seal Occupational Standards
SA
Social Assistance
SCC
Service Canada Centres
SDP
Service Delivery Partner
SEPH
Survey of Employment, Payrolls and Hours
SIN
Social Insurance Number
SIR
Social Insurance Registry
SME
Small and medium sized enterprises
SO
Scheduled Outreach
SST
Social Security Tribunal
STDP
Short-term disability plan
SUB
Supplemental Unemployment Benefit
UV
Unemployed-to-job-vacancy ratio
VBW
Variable Best Weeks
VER
Variable Entrance Requirement
WWC
Working While on Claim

Annex 1.1 – Key labour market statistics: Concepts and definitions

Chapter I and Annex 1 provide information on the labour force, employment, unemployment, participation rate, employment rate, unemployment rate, job vacancies and job vacancy rate. These concepts are defined below.

Labour force

The labour force is comprised of those members of the civilian non-institutional population 15 years of age and over who were employed or unemployed during the Statistics Canada's Labour Force Survey reference week.

Persons who are not in the labour force include those who were either unable to work or unavailable for work. They also include persons who were without work and who had neither actively looked for work in the past 4 weeks nor had a job to start within 4 weeks of the reference week.

Employment

Employed persons are those who, during the Statistics Canada's Labour Force Survey reference week:

  • did any work at all at a job or business, that is, paid work in the context of an employer-employee relationship, or self-employment (it also includes persons who did unpaid family work, which is defined as unpaid work contributing directly to the operation of a farm, business or professional practice owned and operated by a related member of the same household), or
  • had a job but were not at work due to factors such as their own illness or disability, personal or family disabilities, vacation or a labour dispute (this excludes persons not at work because they were on layoff or between casual jobs, and those who did not then have a job even if they had a job to start at a future date)

Unemployment

Unemployed persons are those who, during the Statistics Canada’s Labour Force Survey reference week:

  • were without work but had looked for work in the past 4 weeks (ending with the reference week) and were available for work
  • were on temporary layoff due to business conditions, with an expectation of recall (either because they have a definite date to return to work or because they have an indication from their employer that they will be recalled in the future) and were available for work, or
  • had not actively looked for work in the past 4 weeks but had a job to start within 4 weeks from the reference week and were available for work

Participation rate

The participation rate is defined as the labour force expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over.

The participation rate for a particular group is the labour force in that group expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over for that group. Particular groups include:

  • province
  • gender, and
  • age

Employment rate

The employment rate is defined as the number of employed persons expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over.

The employment rate for a particular group is the labour force in that group expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over for that group. Particular groups include:

  • province
  • gender, and
  • age

Unemployment rate

The unemployment rate is defined as the number of unemployed persons expressed as a percentage of the labour force.

The unemployment rate for a particular group is the labour force in that group expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over for that group. Particular groups include:

  • province
  • gender, and
  • age

Job vacancies

A job is vacant if it meets the following conditions:

  • it is vacant on the reference date (first day of the month) or will become vacant during the month
  • there are tasks to be carried out during the month for the job in question, and
  • the employer is actively seeking a worker outside the organization to fill the job

The job could be full-time, part-time, permanent, temporary, casual, or seasonal. Jobs reserved for subcontractors, external consultants, or other workers who are not considered employees, are excluded.

Job vacancy rate

The number of job vacancies expressed as a percentage of labour demand; for example, all occupied and vacant jobs.

Permanent job

A permanent job is one that is expected to last as long as the employee wants it, business conditions permitting. That is, there is no pre-determined termination date.

Temporary job

A temporary job has a predetermined end date, or will end as soon as a specified project is completed. Information is collected to allow the sub-classification of temporary jobs into 4 groups: seasonal; temporary, term or contract, including work done through a temporary help agency; casual job; and other temporary work.

Full-time employment

Full-time employment consists of persons who usually work 30 hours or more per week at their main or only job.

Part-time employment

Part-time employment consists of persons who usually work less than 30 hours per week at their main or only job. This information is available for those currently employed or who last worked within the previous year.

Sources: Statistics Canada, “Guide to the Labour Force Survey”, catalogue no. 71-543-G, Ottawa: Statistics Canada, Labour Statistics Division, 2018. Statistics Canada, “Labour Force Information: February 9 to 15, 2020”, Catalogue no. 71-001-X, Ottawa: Statistics Canada, Labour Statistics Division, 2020. Statistics Canada, “Guide to the Job Vacancy and Wage Survey, June 18, 2019”, Catalogue no. 75-514-G, Ottawa: Statistics Canada, Labour Statistics Division, 2019.

Annex 1.2 – Key labour market statistics

Labour market characteristics (levels in thousands)
Statistics1 FY1415 FY1516 FY1617 FY1718 FY1819 Change (%)
FY1718 to FY1819
Population2 29,056.9 29,356.0 29,662.1 29,991.2 30,398.0 +1.4%
Labour force 19,142.3 19,336.4 19,491.9 19,692.5 19,904.9 +1.1%
Employment 17,829.6 17,979.1 18,153.4 18,487.7 18,747.1 +1.4%
Unemployment 1,312.7 1,357.3 1,338.5 1,204.8 1,157.8 -3.9%
  • Note: Data may not add up to the total due to rounding. Changes in percentage and percentage points are based on unrounded numbers. Fiscal year data in this annex are the annual average of unadjusted monthly estimates produced by Statistics Canada.
  • 1 Statistics exclude the territories.
  • 2 Number of working-age persons, 15 years of age and older.
  • Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, Table 14-10-0287-01.
Labour market characteristics (rates in %)
Statistics1 FY1415 FY1516 FY1617 FY1718 FY1819 Change (p.p.)
FY1718 to FY1819
Unemployment rate 6.9 7.0 6.9 6.1 5.8 -0.3
Participation rate 65.9 65.9 65.7 65.7 65.5 -0.3
Employment rate 61.4 61.3 61.2 61.6 61.7 +0.1
  • Note: Data may not add up to the total due to rounding. Changes in percentage and percentage points are based on unrounded numbers. Fiscal year data in this annex are the annual average of unadjusted monthly estimates produced by Statistics Canada.
  • 1 Statistics exclude the territories.
  • Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, Table 14-10-0287-01.
Annex 1.3 – Gross domestic product (GDP) at basic prices1, 2 by industry, Canada, FY1415 to FY1819 ($ billions)
Industry FY1415 FY1516 FY1617 FY1718 FY1819 Change (%)
FY1718 to FY1819
Goods-producing industries 553.8 545.5 544.2 569.7 575.9 +1.1%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 36.1 38.3 39.6 39.8 40.2 +1.1%
Mining and oil and gas extraction 141.9 137.2 138.8 148.7 152.8 +2.7%
Utilities 40.7 40.2 41.7 42.6 43.5 +2.1%
Construction 144.9 139.5 134.4 142.3 140.6 -1.2%
Manufacturing 189.2 189.2 189.7 197.7 201.4 +1.8%
Services-producing industries 1,259.5 1,277.4 1,303.3 1,339.5 1,368.9 +2.2%
Wholesale trade 97.3 94.1 95.2 99.5 99.9 +0.4%
Retail trade 90.9 92.2 95.7 100.6 101.9 +1.3%
Transportation and warehousing 77.7 79.7 81.8 85.9 88.1 +2.6%
Finance and insurance 113.6 118.0 122.1 125.9 128.3 +1.9%
Real estate and rental and leasing 223.7 230.4 235.7 241.1 245.7 +1.9%
Professional, scientific and technical services 105.2 104.4 107.3 110.3 114.2 +3.5%
Business, building and other support services3 61.9 62.6 60.8 60.5 61.2 +1.1%
Educational services 96.9 97.6 98.5 100.1 102.7 +2.6%
Health care and social assistance 124.6 126.7 129.5 132.2 136.6 +3.3%
Information, culture and recreation4 70.2 71.9 74.4 76.4 77.9 +2.0%
Accommodation and food services 39.3 40.3 41.3 42.8 43.9 +2.4%
Other services (except public administration) 37.3 37.1 36.6 37.1 37.5 +1.0%
Public administration 121.3 122.5 124.7 127.5 131.4 +3.1%
Canada 1,813.3 1,823.7 1,849.3 1,910.3 1,946.2 +1.9%
  • Note: Data may not add up to the total due to rounding. Fiscal year data in this annex are the annual average of monthly estimates seasonally adjusted at annual rates produced by Statistics Canada.
  • 1 The data is presented on a 2012 reference year basis.
  • 2 The basics price measure includes production taxes and excludes production subsidies available on the commodity.
  • 3 This industry combines codes 55 (management of companies and enterprises) and 56 (administrative and support, waste management and remediation services) from the North American Industry Classification System.
  • 4 This industry combines codes 51 (information and cultural industries) and 71 (arts, entertainment and recreation) from the North American Industry Classification System.
  • Source: Statistics Canada, Gross Domestic Product by Industry – National (Monthly), Table 36-10-0434-01.
Annex 1.4 – Employment1 by province or territory, gender, age, educational attainment, industry and enterprise size, Canada, FY1415 to FY1819 (levels in thousands)
Characteristics2 FY1415 FY1516 FY1617 FY1718 FY1819 Change (%)
FY1718 to FY1819
Newfoundland and Labrador 237.1 234.8 231.3 223.6 227.3 +1.7%
Prince Edward Island 73.9 72.7 71.9 74.3 76.1 +2.4%
Nova Scotia 447.9 447.4 447.1 450.6 459.0 +1.9%
New Brunswick 352.9 350.2 352.8 353.1 354.8 +0.5%
Quebec 4,065.5 4,101.7 4,156.8 4,242.5 4,273.0 +0.7%
Ontario 6,886.0 6,945.4 7,024.5 7,155.6 7,288.8 +1.9%
Manitoba 630.0 634.8 635.2 645.0 650.9 +0.9%
Saskatchewan 571.4 573.4 569.0 567.2 572.2 +0.9%
Alberta 2,286.0 2,295.9 2,263.3 2,298.4 2,333.0 +1.5%
British Columbia 2,279.0 2,322.9 2,401.5 2,477.6 2,512.1 +1.4%
Yukon 19.8 19.4 20.4r 21.2 21.2 +0.1%
Northwest Territories 22.1 22.0 22.5r 21.3r 21.4 +0.5%
Nunavut 12.4 12.7 13.6r 13.3r 13.6 +2.2%
Men 9,344.7 9,434.7 9,496.2 9,676.0 9,804.4 +1.3%
Women 8,485.0 8,544.4 8,657.1 8,811.7 8,942.7 +1.5%
15 to 24 years 2,488.6 2,458.9 2,430.8 2,463.8 2,457.4 -0.3%
25 to 54 years 11,832.7 11,876.6 11,946.0 12,091.7 12,250.6 +1.3%
55 years and older 3,508.3 3,643.7 3,776.7 3,932.1 4,039.0 +2.7%
Less than high school3 1,676.2 1,647.5 1,592.4 1,571.9 1,534.4 -2.4%
High school diploma4 4,809.5 4,599.2 4,631.2 4,713.4 4,653.2 -1.3%
Post-secondary certificate or diploma5 6,396.7 6,479.0 6,488.2 6,538.9 6,714.1 +2.7%
University degree6 4,947.2 5,253.4 5,441.5 5,663.5 5,845.4 +3.2%
Goods-producing industries 3,888.8 3,870.7 3,823.1 3,904.0 3,930.6 +0.7%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 368.4 357.5 350.2 344.4 346.2 +0.5%
Mining and oil and gas extraction 302.3 287.2 260.1 266.2 274.2 +3.0%
Utilities 136.2 137.1 137.0 132.4 146.3 +10.5%
Construction 1,376.1 1,371.2 1,389.9 1,420.0 1,438.5 +1.3%
Manufacturing 1,705.9 1,717.9 1,685.9 1,741.0 1,725.4 -0.9%
Services-producing industries 13,940.9 14,108.3 14,330.3 14,583.6 14,816.5 +1.6%
Wholesale and retail trade 2,729.1 2,736.0 2,756.2 2,819.2 2,796.3 -0.8%
Transportation and warehousing 899.2 914.8 913.1 955.6 1,006.4 +5.3%
Finance and insurance 785.4 792.6 821.2 823.8 833.8 +1.2%
Real estate and rental and leasing 299.1 315.5 320.2 348.3 342.5 -1.6%
Professional, scientific and technical services 1,337.2 1,376.4 1,398.8 1,454.6 1,490.0 +2.4%
Business, building and other support services7 740.1 765.1 767.0 756.2 788.6 +4.3%
Educational services 1,253.7 1,270.0 1,274.8 1,289.9 1,338.4 +3.8%
Health care and social assistance 2,235.3 2,311.3 2,346.7 2,389.2 2,423.8 +1.4%
Information, culture and recreation8 754.3 753.8 788.6 789.8 779.8 -1.3%
Accommodation and food services 1,212.7 1,201.9 1,218.5 1,212.2 1,232.7 +1.7%
Other services (except public administration) 784.4 762.5 781.7 786.0 806.4 +2.6%
Public administration 910.3 908.6 943.4 958.9 977.9 +2.0%
Small-sized firms9, 10 5,017.7 4,981.2 5,082.0 5,041.2 5,124.3 +1.6%
Small-to-medium sized firms9, 10 5,178.6 5,186.5 5,168.5 5,310.4 5,412.1 +1.9%
Medium-to-large sized firms9, 10 3,014.5 3,096.8 3,114.8 3,216.1 3,186.4 -0.9%
Large-sized firms9, 10 1,880.8 1,945.8 2,027.7 2,085.4 2,163.6 +3.7%
Canada 17,829.6 17,979.1 18,153.4 18,487.7 18,747.1 +1.4%
  • Note: Data may not add up to the total due to rounding. Fiscal year data in this annex are the annual average of unadjusted monthly estimates produced by Statistics Canada.
  • r Revised data.
  • 1 Number of persons who, during the reference week, worked for pay or profit, or performed unpaid family work or had a job but were not at work due to own illness or disability, personal or family responsibilities, labour dispute, vacation, or other reason. Those persons on layoff and persons without work but who had a job to start at a definite date in the future are not considered employed.
  • 2 Data specific to territories are not included in the official total for Canada. Data in other categories (for example data by gender, age, educational attainment, industry and enterprise size) also excludes territorial data.
  • 3 Includes 0 to 8 years of education and some high school.
  • 4 Includes high school graduates and some post-secondary education (not completed).
  • 5 Includes certificates (including trade certificates) or diplomas from an educational institution beyond the secondary level, which comprise certificates from a vocational school, apprenticeship training, community college, collège d'enseignement général et professionnel (cégep) and school of nursing. Also included are certificates below a bachelor's degree obtained at a university.
  • 6 Includes at least a university bachelor's degree.
  • 7 This industry combines codes 55 (management of companies and enterprises) and 56 (administrative and support, waste management and remediation services) from the North American Industry Classification System.
  • 8 This industry combines codes 51 (information and cultural industries) and 71 (arts, entertainment and recreation) from the North American Industry Classification System.
  • 9 Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada defines the size of enterprises based on the number of persons they employ: small-sized firms employ 1 to 19 employees; small-to-medium-sized firms employ 20 to 99 employees; medium-to-large-sized firms employ 100 to 499 employees; and large-sized firms employ 500 employees or more.
  • 10 Employment by enterprise size excludes the self-employed.
  • Sources: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, Tables 14-10-0019-01 (for data by educational attainment), 14-10-0022-01 (for data by industry), 14-10-0067-01 (for data by establishment size), 14-10-0287-01 (for data specific to provinces, by gender, age and employment type), and 14-10-0292-01 (for data specific to territories).
Annex 1.5 – Participation rates1 by province or territory, gender and age, Canada, FY1415 to FY1819 (%)
Characteristics2 FY1415 FY1516 FY1617 FY1718 FY1819 Change (p.p.)
FY1718 to FY1819
Newfoundland and Labrador 60.8 61.1 60.2 58.8 59.0 +0.2
Prince Edward Island 68.4 67.0 65.7 66.4 66.4 0.0
Nova Scotia 62.7 62.2 61.6 61.9 61.8 -0.1
New Brunswick 63.1 62.4 62.3 61.4 61.4 -0.0
Quebec 64.6 64.8 64.6 64.9 64.5 -0.3
Ontario 65.7 65.2 65.0 64.7 64.6 -0.1
Manitoba 68.0 68.0 67.5 67.1 67.2 +0.1
Saskatchewan 69.6 70.2 69.8 68.7 68.7 -0.0
Alberta 72.8 73.0 72.5 72.2 71.8 -0.4
British Columbia 63.1 63.7 64.6 65.3 65.1 -0.2
Yukon 74.4 73.6 76.4 76.0 74.4 -1.6
Northwest Territories 74.2 75.3 74.0 70.7 71.2 +0.4
Nunavut 61.3 63.9 65.3 63.9 62.8 -1.1
Men 70.5 70.6 70.3 70.0 69.7 -0.3
Women 61.4 61.2 61.3 61.4 61.4 -0.1
15 to 24 years 64.3 64.1 63.9 63.8 63.4 -0.4
25 to 54 years 86.2 86.5 86.6 86.9 87.2 +0.3
55 years and older 37.1 37.5 37.7 37.9 37.8 -0.1
Canada 65.9 65.9 65.7 65.7 65.5 -0.2
  • Note: Fiscal year data in this annex are the annual average of unadjusted quarterly estimates produced by Statistics Canada.
  • 1 The participation rate is the number of labour force participants expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over. The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, etc.) is the number of labour force participants in that group expressed as a percentage of the population for that group.
  • 2 Data specific to territories are not included in the official total for Canada. Data in other categories (for example data by gender and age) also excludes territorial data.
  • Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, Tables 14-10-0287-01 (for data specific to provinces, by gender and age), and 14-10-0292-01 (for data specific to territories).
Annex 1.6 – Number (levels in thousands) and distribution (%) of permanent part-time workers1 by gender, age and industry, Canada
Characteristics2 FY0809 FY1314 FY1819
Men 531.8
(28.1%)
568.3
(29.1%)
603.8
(30.7%)
Women 1,358.9
(71.9%)
1,385.1
(70.9%)
1,365.5
(69.3%)
15 to 24 years 767.9
(40.6%)
733.8
(37.6%)
727.8
(37.0%)
25 to 54 years 827.5
(43.8%)
837.5
(42.9%)
824.6
(41.9%)
55 years and older 767.9
(15.6%)
733.8
(19.6%)
727.8
(21.2%)
Goods-producing industries 14.9
(5.2%)
13.5
(5.2%)
11.3
(4.9%)
Agriculture 4.8
(0.8%)
5.2
(0.7%)
6.2
(0.6%)
Forestry, fishing, mining and oil and gas extraction 2.4
(0.3%)
1.2
(0.3%)
1.5
(0.3%)
Utilities 29.4
(0.1%)
32.2
(0.1%)
33.5
(0.1%)
Construction 47.0
(1.6%)
48.6
(1.6%)
44.3
(1.7%)
Manufacturing 14.9
(2.5%)
13.5
(2.5%)
11.3
(2.2%)
Services-producing industries 1,792.1
(94.8%)
1,852.8
(94.8%)
1,872.7
(95.1%)
Wholesale and retail trade 544.8
(28.8%)
562.5
(28.8%)
554.6
(28.2%)
Transportation and warehousing 68.4
(3.6%)
73.9
(3.8%)
85.5
(4.3%)
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing 78.7
(4.2%)
69.2
(3.5%)
65.8
(3.3%)
Professional, scientific and technical services 49.5
(2.6%)
56.3
(2.9%)
57.4
(2.9%)
Business, building and other support services3 62.2
(3.3%)
69.5
(3.6%)
67.2
(3.4%)
Educational services 126.8
(6.7%)
127.6
(6.5%)
126.0
(6.4%)
Health care and social assistance 324.5
(17.2%)
342.1
 (17.5%)
346.1
(17.6%)
Information, culture and recreation4 86.5
(4.6%)
93.7
(4.8%)
101.1
(5.1%)
Accommodation and food services 333.6
(17.6%)
348.0
(17.8%)
356.4
(18.1%)
Other services (except public administration) 79.1
(4.2%)
76.0
(3.9%)
81.6
(4.1%)
Public administration 38.0
(2.0%)
34.1
(1.7%)
31.0
(1.6%)
Canada 1,890.7
(100.0%)
1,953.4
(100.0%)
1,969.4
(100.0%)
  • Note: Data may not add up to the total due to rounding. Fiscal year data in this annex are the annual average of unadjusted monthly estimates produced by Statistics Canada.
  • 1 Permanent part-time employment does not have a specified end-date, and consists of work usually less than 30 hours per week at the main or only job.
  • 2 Excludes territorial data.
  • 3 This industry combines codes 55 (management of companies and enterprises) and 56 (administrative and support, waste management and remediation services) from the North American Industry Classification System.
  • 4 This industry combines codes 51 (information and cultural industries) and 71 (arts, entertainment and recreation) from the North American Industry Classification System.
  • Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, Public Use Microdata Files, April 2008 to March 2019.
Annex 1.7 – Number (levels in thousands) and distribution (%) of self-employed1 workers by province, gender and industry, Canada, FY1415 to FY1819
Characteristics2 FY1415 FY1516 FY1617 FY1718 FY1819 Change (%)
FY1718 to FY1819
Newfoundland and Labrador 22.8
(0.8%)
22.7
(0.8%)
22.6
(0.8%)
21.2
(0.7%)
19.0
(0.7%)
-10.5%
Prince Edward Island 11.4
(0.4%)
10.4
(0.4%)
10.2
(0.4%)
10.8
(0.4%)
11.8
(0.4%)
+9.2%
Nova Scotia 60.0
(2.2%)
58.5
(2.1%)
58.6
(2.1%)
59.5
(2.1%)
60.4
(2.1%)
+1.5%
New Brunswick 43.3
(1.6%)
42.1
(1.5%)
42.7
(1.5%)
40.3
(1.4%)
39.4
(1.4%)
-2.3%
Quebec 559.3
(20.4%)
556.5
(20.1%)
551.4
(20.0%)
562.3
(19.8%)
566.1
(19.8%)
+0.7%
Ontario 1,065.0
(38.9%)
1,093.5
(39.5%)
1,091.5
(39.5%)
1,116.4
(39.4%)
1,134.6
(39.7%)
+1.6%
Manitoba 83.4
(3.0%)
85.4
(3.1%)
86.2
(3.1%)
89.3
(3.2%)
91.5
(3.2%)
+2.5%
Saskatchewan 110.0
(4.0%)
105.6
(3.8%)
103.3
(3.7%)
101.7
(3.6%)
97.8
(3.4%)
-3.8%
Alberta 383.3
(14.0%)
376.5
(13.6%)
374.3
(13.6%)
388.3
(13.7%)
390.9
(13.7%)
+0.7%
British Columbia 399.6
(14.6%)
417.6
(15.1%)
419.5
(15.2%)
444.9
(15.7%)
449.5
(15.7%)
+1.0%
Men 1,737.7
(63.5%)
1,745.0
(63.0%)
1,756.8
(63.6%)
1,773.3
(62.6%)
1,784.0
(62.4%)
+0.6%
Women 1,000.3
(36.5%)
1,023.8
(37.0%)
1,003.5
(36.4%)
1,061.3
(37.4%)
1,076.8
(37.6%)
+1.5%
Goods-producing industries 696.1
(25.4%)
686.4
(24.8%)
688.3
(24.9%)
680.0
(24.0%)
657.1
(23.0%)
-3.4%
Agriculture 182.1
(6.6%)
173.7
(6.3%)
172.7
(6.3%)
167.4
(5.9%)
154.4
(5.4%)
-7.7%
Forestry, fishing, mining and oil and gas extraction 37.6
(1.4%)
39.1
(1.4%)
37.8
(1.4%)
37.3
(1.3%)
38.6
(1.3%)
+3.6%
Utilities n/a3 n/a3 n/a3 n/a3 n/a3 n/a3
Construction 398.3
(14.5%)
398.5
(14.4%)
395.9
(14.3%)
392.6
(13.9%)
389.4
(13.6%)
-0.8%
Manufacturing 77.9
(2.8%)
75.0
(2.7%)
81.8
(3.0%)
82.6
(2.9%)
74.4
(2.6%)
-9.9%
Services-producing industries 2,041.9
(74.6%)
2,082.4
(75.2%)
2,072.1
(75.1%)
2,154.6
(76.0%)
2,203.7
(77.0%)
+2.3%
Wholesale and retail trade 264.5
(9.7%)
272.5
(9.8%)
258.5
(9.4%)
265.6
(9.4%)
253.9
(8.9%)
-4.4%
Transportation and warehousing 159.3
(5.8%)
166.7
(6.0%)
166.8
(6.0%)
174.8
(6.2%)
186.7
(6.5%)
+6.8%
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing 196.0
(7.2%)
203.3
(7.3%)
203.2
(7.4%)
220.0
(7.8%)
218.7
(7.6%)
-0.6%
Professional, scientific and technical services3 450.3
(16.4%)
449.4
(16.2%)
436.5
(15.8%)
462.9
(16.3%)
472.2
(16.5%)
+2.0%
Business, building and other support services4 181.1
(6.6%)
184.9
(6.7%)
182.9
(6.6%)
183.1
(6.5%)
202.8
(7.1%)
+10.8%
Educational services 69.5
(2.5%)
62.0
(2.2%)
67.7
(2.5%)
79.4
(2.8%)
83.0
(2.9%)
+4.5%
Health care and social assistance 271.9
(9.9%)
292.3
(10.6%)
302.6
(11.0%)
313.8
(11.1%)
317.5
(11.1%)
+1.2%
Information, culture and recreation5 128.3
(4.7%)
125.0
(4.5%)
132.0
(4.8%)
137.1
(4.8%)
134.5
(4.7%)
-1.9%
Accommodation and food services 92.4
(3.4%)
99.9
(3.6%)
99.3
(3.6%)
89.9
(3.2%)
102.3
(3.6%)
+13.8%
Other services (except public administration) 228.4
(8.3%)
226.3
(8.2%)
222.6
(8.1%)
228.0
(8.0%)
232.2
(8.1%)
+1.8%
Public administration n/a3 n/a3 n/a3 n/a3 n/a3 n/a3
Canada 2,738.0
(100.0%)
2,768.8
(100.0%)
2,760.3
(100.0%)
2,834.6
(100.0%)
2,860.8
(100.0%)
+0.9%
  • Note: Data may not add up to the total due to rounding. Fiscal year data in this annex are the annual average of unadjusted monthly estimates produced by Statistics Canada.
  • 1 Self-employment refers to working owners of a business, farm or professional practice, whether employer (incorporated) or own-account (unincorporated). It also includes unpaid family workers who work without pay on a farm or in a business or professional practice owned and operated by another family member living in the same dwelling.
  • 2 Data specific to territories are not included in the official total for Canada. Data in other categories (for example data by gender and industry) also excludes territorial data.
  • 3 Data have been suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act.
  • 4 This industry combines codes 55 (management of companies and enterprises) and 56 (administrative and support, waste management and remediation services) from the North American Industry Classification System.
  • 5 This industry combines codes 51 (information and cultural industries) and 71 (arts, entertainment and recreation) from the North American Industry Classification System.
  • Sources: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, Table 14-10-0026-01.
Annex 1.8 – Number of workers in temporary employment1 (levels in thousands) and their share in total employment (%) by province, gender, age and industry, Canada, FY1819
Characteristics2 Term or contract employment Casual employment3 Seasonal employment Temporary employment
Newfoundland and Labrador 21.1
(9.3%)
11.2
(4.9%)
15.2
(6.7%)
47.7
(21.0%)
Prince Edward Island 4.3
(5.7%)
2.7
(3.5%)
6.7
(8.9%)
13.6
(17.9%)
Nova Scotia 24.1
(5.3%)
20.2
(4.4%)
17.9
(3.9%)
61.9
(13.5%)
New Brunswick 18.5
(5.2%)
16.1
(4.5%)
16.7
(4.7%)
50.9
(14.3%)
Quebec 281.4
(6.6%)
105.0
(2.5%)
105.3
(2.5%)
491.7
(11.5%) 
Ontario 446.7
(6.1%)
195.9
(2.7%)
142.9
(2.0%)
785.4
(10.8%) 
Manitoba 32.3
(5.0%)
19.2
(3.0%)
16.7
(2.6%)
67.8
(10.4%)
Saskatchewan 28.0
(4.9%)
17.7
(3.1%)
14.9
(2.6%)
60.0
(10.5%)
Alberta 128.6
(5.5%)
72.0
(3.1%)
46.5
(2.0%)
246.8
(10.6%) 
British Columbia 121.6
(4.8%)
103.6
(4.1%)
44.2
(1.8%)
268.7
(10.7%) 
Men 510.1
(5.2%)
219.5
(2.2%)
272.3
(2.8%)
1,001.9
(10.2%)
Women 596.5
(6.7%)
341.6
(3.8%)
154.6
(1.7%)
1,092.7
(12.2%) 
15 to 24 years 318.4
(13.0%)
257.2
(10.5%)
173.7
(7.1%)
749.2
(30.5%) 
25 to 54 years 648.9
(5.3%)
202.3
(1.7%)
167.1
(1.4%)
1,018.3
(8.3%) 
55 years and older 139.3
(3.4%)
101.7
(2.5%)
86.1
(2.1%)
327.1
(8.1%) 
Goods-producing industries 158.1
(4.0%)
40.0
(1.0%) 
152.3
(3.9%)
350.5
(8.9%) 
Agriculture 4.3
(1.6%) 
3.7
(1.3%)
24.1
(8.7%)
32.2
(11.6%)
Forestry, fishing, mining and oil and gas extraction 15.4
(4.5%)
1.5
(0.4%)
20.4
(6.0%)
38.1
(11.1%)
Utilities 10.7
(7.3%)
0.5
(0.3%)
2.3
(1.6%) 
13.0
(8.9%)
Construction 67.6
(4.7%)
15.0
(1.0%)
84.1
(5.8%)
167.0
(11.6%) 
Manufacturing 60.0
(3.5%)
17.1
(1.0%)
22.8
(1.3%)
100.1
(5.8%) 
Services-producing industries 948.6
(6.4%)
520.9
(3.5%)
274.6
(1.9%)
1,744.0
(11.8%) 
Wholesale and retail trade 91.1
(3.3%)
118.9
(4.3%)
39.8
(1.4%)
250.0
(8.9%) 
Transportation and warehousing 35.0
(3.5%)
18.3
(1.8%) 
25.6
(2.5%)
79.3
(7.9%)
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing 38.7
(3.3%)
13.2
(1.1%)
4.8
(0.4%)
56.6
(4.8%)
Professional, scientific and technical services 67.4
(4.5%)
10.5
(0.7%)
8.8
(0.6%) 
87.3
(5.9%)
Business, building and other support services4 59.6
(7.6%)
23.8
(3.0%) 
31.8
(4.0%)
115.6
(14.7%) 
Educational services 248.5
(18.6%)  
62.5
(4.7%) 
20.5
(1.5%)
331.5
(24.8%)
Health care and social assistance 143.8
(5.9%)
118.0
(4.9%)
8.5
(0.4%)
270.4
(11.2%) 
Information, culture and recreation5 65.8
(8.4%)
28.2
(3.6%)
77.0
(9.9%)
171.2
(22.0%) 
Accommodation and food services 60.2
(4.9%)
94.6
(7.7%)
37.3
(3.0%)
192.3
(15.6%) 
Other services (except public administration) 38.0
(4.7%)
15.1
(1.9%)
7.5
(0.9%)
60.9
(7.5%)
Public administration 100.5
(10.3%)
14.7
(1.5%)
13.4
(1.4%)
129.1
(13.2%) 
Canada 1,106.6
(5.9%) 
561.1
(3.0%)
426.8
(2.3%)
2,094.5
(11.2%) 
  • Note: Data may not add up to the total due to rounding. Fiscal year data in this annex are the annual average of unadjusted monthly estimates produced by Statistics Canada.
  • 1 A temporary employment has a predetermined end date, or will end as soon as a specified project is completed. Temporary employment include seasonal employment; term or contract employment including work done through a temporary help agency; casual employment; and other temporary employment.
  • 2 Excludes territorial data.
  • 3 Includes other temporary employment that are not seasonal, term or contract employment.
  • 4 This industry combines codes 55 (management of companies and enterprises) and 56 (administrative and support, waste management and remediation services) from the North American Industry Classification System.
  • 5 This industry combines codes 51 (information and cultural industries) and 71 (arts, entertainment and recreation) from the North American Industry Classification System.
  • Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, Table 14-10-0071-01.
Annex 1.9 – Unemployment rate1 by province or territory, gender, age, educational attainment and industry (%)
Characteristics2 FY8889 FY9899 FY0809 FY1718 FY1819 Change (% Points)
FY1718 to FY1819
Newfoundland and Labrador 15.7 17.5 14.1 14.7 13.0 -1.7
Prince Edward Island 12.2 14.6 11.6 9.9 9.3 -0.6
Nova Scotia 9.7 10.4 7.9 8.3 7.2 -1.1
New Brunswick 11.6 11.8 8.6 8.0 7.9 -0.1
Quebec 9.6 10.1 7.6 5.9 5.4 -0.4
Ontario 5.0 6.9 7.1 5.8 5.7 -0.1
Manitoba 7.8 5.5 4.4 5.5 5.8 +0.3
Saskatchewan 7.3 6.1 4.2 6.1 6.0 -0.1
Alberta 7.8 5.7 4.1 7.4 6.7 -0.7
British Columbia 10.1 8.5 5.3 5.0 4.7 -0.3
Yukon n/a 13.2 5.5 3.4r 3.2 -0.2
Northwest Territories n/a n/a 5.5 6.9r 7.3 +0.3
Nunavut n/a n/a 12.3 14.5r 14.2 -0.3
Men 7.4 8.4 7.3 6.5 6.1 -0.4
Women 8.1 7.7 5.9 5.7 5.5 -0.2
15 to 24 years 11.4 14.8 12.4 11.2 11.0 -0.2
25 to 54 years 6.9 6.9 5.5 5.2 4.9 -0.3
55 years and older 5.7 6.2 5.4 5.5 5.2 -0.2
Less than high school3 n/a 14.0 13.1 11.5r 11.1 -0.3
High school diploma4 n/a 8.6 7.4 7.6r 7.2 -0.4
Post-secondary certificate or diploma5 n/a 6.4 5.3 5.3 4.9 -0.5
University degree6 n/a 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 +0.1
Goods-producing industries 7.5 7.4 7.4 5.3 5.0 -0.3
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 7.7 8.7 7.9 6.5r 6.9 +0.4
Mining and oil and gas extraction 6.8 8.1 5.8 5.0 4.8 -0.2
Utilities7 2.7 2.6 1.8 2.4 1.7 -0.7
Construction 11.7 11.5 8.1 7.4 6.6 -0.9
Manufacturing 6.2 5.8 7.4 3.5 3.5 0.0
Services-producing industries 5.5 4.7 4.0 3.3 3.2 -0.1
Wholesale trade 5.2 4.6 3.7 3.2 2.6 -0.6
Retail trade 6.1 5.1 4.9 4.0 4.1 +0.1
Transportation and warehousing 5.4 4.5 3.9 3.0 3.4 +0.4
Finance and insurance 3.0 1.9 1.6 2.2 1.5 -0.7
Real estate and rental and leasing 4.4 3.4 3.2 2.0 2.1 +0.1
Professional, scientific and technical services 3.9 3.6 3.0 2.6 2.7 +0.1
Business, building and other support services8 10.5 9.4 9.1 6.5 5.6 -0.8
Educational services 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.7 3.6 -0.1
Health care and social assistance 3.8 2.7 1.8 1.6 1.6 0.0
Information, culture and recreation9 6.6 5.7 5.8 5.4 4.9 -0.5
Accommodation and food services 10.0 8.0 7.3 5.6 5.3 -0.3
Other services (except public administration) 6.2 5.7 4.0 3.2 2.9 -0.3
Public administration 5.1 3.8 2.0 1.8 2.1 +0.3
Canada 7.7 8.1 6.6 6.1 5.8 -0.3
  • Note: Fiscal year data in this annex are the annual average of unadjusted monthly estimates produced by Statistics Canada.
  • r Revised data.
  • 1 The years reviewed in this annex prior to FY1819 correspond to the immediate previous year and in decrements of ten years in the past, in order to compare changes in these indicators over a longer period of time.
  • 2 Data specific to territories are not included in the official total for Canada. Data in other categories (for example data by gender, age, educational attainment and industry) also excludes territorial data.
  • 3 Includes 0 to 8 years of education and some high school.
  • 4 Includes high school graduates and some post-secondary education (not completed).
  • 5 Includes certificates (including trade certificates) or diplomas from an educational institution beyond the secondary level, which comprise certificates from a vocational school, apprenticeship training, community college, collège d'enseignement général et professionnel (cégep) and school of nursing. Also included are certificates below a bachelor's degree obtained at a university.
  • 6 Includes at least a university bachelor's degree.
  • 7 Monthly data that are confidential under the Statistics Act are excluded from the calculation of the annual average.
  • 8 This industry combines codes 55 (management of companies and enterprises) and 56 (administrative and support, waste management and remediation services) from the North American Industry Classification System.
  • 9 This industry combines codes 51 (information and cultural industries) and 71 (arts, entertainment and recreation) from the North American Industry Classification System.
  • Sources: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, Tables 14-10-0019-01 (for data by educational attainment), 14-10-0022-01 (for data by industry), and 14-10-0287-01 (for data specific to provinces, by gender, age and employment type), and 14-10-0292-01 (for data specific to territories).

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