Archived: Departmental Sustainable Development Strategy 2015-16, Environment and Climate Change Canada, chapter 3

Themes I-III Implementation Strategies

Sustainable development and activities related to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy are an integral part of Environment Canada’s programming. The Department has made considerable efforts to align and integrate FSDS implementation strategies within its programs.

This section presents Environment Canada’s 2015-16 planned contributions and expected results for Implementation Strategies in Themes I to III. These Implementation Strategies are aligned with the departmental programs to which they contribute and are presented in the order in which they appear in Environment Canada’s Program Alignment Architecture. In addition, where implementation strategies have Clean Air Agenda (CAA) programming elements, the 2015-16 departmental planned spending for these CAA programs is presented. Overall, the Department leads on or contributes to 96 Implementation Strategies listed in the 2013-16 FSDS, and 23 CAA programs.

EC Strategic Outcome 1

• Program 1.1 - Biodiversity - Wildlife and Habitat
  • Sub-Program 1.1.1 - Biodiversity Policy and Priorities
  • Sub-Program 1.1.2 - Species at Risk
  • Sub-Program 1.1.3 - Migratory Birds
  • Sub-Program 1.1.4 - Habitat Conservation Partnerships
  • Sub-Program 1.1.5 - Protected Areas
• Program 1.2 - Water Resources
  • Sub-Program 1.2.1 - Water Quality and Aquatic Ecosystems Health
  • Sub-Program 1.2.2 - Water Resource Management and Use
  • Sub-Program 1.2.3 - Hydrolometric Services
• Program 1.3 - Sustainable Ecosystems
  • Sub-Program 1.3.4 - Great Lakes
  • Sub-Program 1.3.5 - St. Lawrence
  • Sub-Program 1.3.6 - Lake Simcoe/South-eastern Georgian Bay
  • Sub-Program 1.3.7 - Lake Winnipeg
  • Sub-Program 1.3.8 - Ecosystem Partnerships
• Program 1.4 - Compliance Promotion and Enforcement - Wildlife

EC Strategic Outcome 2

• Program 2.1 - Weather and Environmental Services for Canadians
  • Sub-Program 2.1.2 - Health-Related Meteorological Information
  • Sub-Program 2.1.3 - Climate Information, Predictions and Tools

EC Strategic Outcome 3

• Program 3.1 - Substances and Waste Management
  • Sub-Program 3.1.1 - Substances Management
  • Sub-Program 3.1.2 - Effluent Management
  • Sub-Program 3.1.3 - Marine Pollution
  • Sub-Program 3.1.4 - Environmental Emergencies
  • Sub-Program 3.1.5 - Contaminated Sites
• Program 3.2 - Climate Change and Clean Air
  • Sub-Program 3.2.1 - Climate Change and Clean Air Regulatory Program
    • Sub-Sub-Program 3.2.1.1 - Industrial Sector Emissions
    • Sub-Sub-Program 3.2.1.2 - Transportation Sector Emissions
  • Sub-Program 3.2.2 - International Climate Change and Clean Air Partnerships
  • Sub-Program 3.2.3 - Environmental Technology
• Program 3.3 - Compliance Promotion and Enforcement - Pollution

Sub-Program 1.1.1 - Biodiversity Policy and Priorities

Program Description

This program enables Environment Canada to play a national leading role in engaging stakeholders, provincial and territorial governments, and other federal government departments in Canada’s implementation of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity. The program provides scientific expertise, guidance and advice to decision makers, and develops and applies models for social, cultural and economic valuation of ecosystem services to support sustainable development decision-making. This work enables information about the ecosystem and the environmental effects of development proposals to be factored into decisions across different levels of government, environmental and non-governmental organizations, the industrial sector, the research community and the general public. Strategies used in Canada include the Canadian Biodiversity Strategy, the Biodiversity Outcomes Framework, and Access and Benefit Sharing of Genetic Resources. The program also coordinates the federal government’s response to the 2004 Invasive Alien Species Strategy for Canada, implemented by federal science-based and regulatory departments and agencies, including the Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Natural Resources Canada, and Fisheries and Oceans Canada. In addition, Canada participates internationally in the Convention on Biological Diversity; the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing of Genetic Resources; the Nagoya-Kuala Lumpur Supplementary Protocol on Liability and Redress under the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety; and Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna under the Arctic Council. As well, the program serves as the Canadian lead and national focal point for the UN-sponsored Intergovernmental Panel on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Funding provided by the program includes Canada’s annual contribution to the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity and support for international working groups.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

4.3.1: Lead Canada’s implementation of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity with stakeholders, provincial governments and other federal government departments and represent Canada’s domestic interests in other international fora (e.g., Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-Sharing, Liability and Redress under the Biosafety Protocol; Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna under the Arctic Council). (EC)

4.3.2: Serve as Canadian lead and national focal point for the UN-sponsored Intergovernmental Panel on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES). (EC)

4.3.8: Provide scientific expertise, guidance and advice to decision makers, and develop and apply models for social, cultural and economic valuation of ecosystem services to support sustainable development decision making so that ecosystem information and environmental effects of development proposals can be factored into decisions. (EC, IC, StatCan)

4.6.1: Coordinate the federal government's response to the 2004 Invasive Alien Species Strategy for Canada. Implementation is the responsibility of federal science-based and regulatory departments and agencies. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 4.3.1, 4.3.2 and 4.3.8 contribute to FSDS Goal 4 - Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians, Target 4.3 - Terrestrial Ecosystems and Habitat Stewardship.

Implementation Strategy 4.6.1 contributes to FSDS Goal 4 - Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians, Target 4.6 - Invasive Alien Species.

Sub-Program 1.1.2 - Species at Risk

Program Description

This program’s purpose is to implement the Species at Risk Act (SARA). SARA is the key federal government commitment to prevent wildlife species from being extirpated or becoming extinct, to provide for the recovery of wildlife species that are extirpated, endangered or threatened, and to manage species of special concern to prevent them from becoming endangered or threatened. The program provides for publication of recovery documents, identification of critical habitat, legal protection of wildlife species, and progress reports. Species recovery is achieved in part through funding mechanisms such as the Habitat Stewardship Program, the Aboriginal Fund for Species at Risk, the Interdepartmental Recovery Fund and the Species at Risk Protection on Agricultural Lands initiative, through which Aboriginal peoples and other Canadians are engaged in a variety of conservation and recovery activities for species at risk and protection as well as recovery of critical habitat. The program relies on partnerships with provincial, territorial and other governments, as well as Aboriginal peoples and other organizations (e.g. environmental organizations, industry associations, etc.). A number of advisory bodies and committees have been established to enable key partners to engage in this program. Authority for the program is based on SARA and Canada’s obligations under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, and the Wild Animal and Plant Protection and Regulation of International and Interprovincial Trade Act.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

4.1.3: Support the development of Aboriginal knowledge and expertise in dealing with species at risk, so that Aboriginal peoples can actively participate in the conservation and recovery of listed species and protect and recover critical habitat or habitat important for species at risk on First Nations reserves or on land and waters traditionally used by Aboriginal peoples. (EC)

4.1.4: Engage Canadians in conservation actions to conserve biodiversity through protecting or conserving habitats for species at risk by promoting the participation of local communities to help with the recovery of species at risk, and prevent other species from becoming a conservation concern to meet regional and national priorities. (EC)

4.1.5: Continue to lead and cooperate under the National Recovery Program (RENEW) with provinces and territories, consistent with the Accord for the Protection of Species at Risk. (EC)

4.1.6: Fulfill the federal government’s obligations under the Species at Risk Act to evaluate populations and to add, reclassify or remove species listed under the Act and plan for their recovery. This includes the general administration of the Act (including an annual report to Parliament, issuance of permits under the Act, support for the National Aboriginal Council on Species at Risk and the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, and maintenance of a public registry). (EC)

4.1.7: Fulfill Canada’s obligations under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora through the Wild Animal and Plant Protection and Regulation of International and Interprovincial Trade Act by helping to ensure that the status of no species is threatened by international trade. (EC)

4.1.8: Enhance the implementation of the Species at Risk Act within DFO and EC to protect and recover species at risk relative to their respective mandates by preparing recovery strategies, and management and action plans as applicable. (DFO, EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 4.1.3, 4.1.4, 4.1.5, 4.1.6, 4.1.7 and 4.1.8 contribute to FSDS Goal 4 - Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians, Target 4.1 - Species at Risk.

Sub-Program 1.1.3 - Migratory Birds

Program Description

This program supports actions to protect and conserve populations of migratory bird species. It is responsible for implementing the Migratory Birds Convention signed with the United States in 1916, via the Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994. Activities include conserving populations, individual birds, their nests and habitats, through continued monitoring, conservation actions, stewardship, policy development, and enforcement of the Act and its regulations. Other actions include research to understand causes of bird population changes, management of over-abundant migratory bird populations, advice on nuisance birds, protection of important bird habitats, mitigation of other stressors that affect population status, and management of emergencies regarding health and safety issues associated with migratory birds. Monitoring programs are implemented in compliance with recommendations of the Avian Monitoring Review. It is responsible, as a signatory to the North American Bird Conservation Initiative, for supporting the completion of the 25 Bird Conservation Region Strategies, and implementing their recommended actions for priority migratory bird species. The Migratory Birds program is delivered in partnership with other governments in Canada and internationally, inter-governmental and non-governmental organizations, and industry, with coordination through the North American Bird Conservation Initiative - Canada. Client groups include the Canadian public, game-bird hunters, Aboriginal peoples (subsistence harvesting), natural resource economic sectors and natural resource users, and other governments (provincial/territorial and foreign).

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

4.2.1: Fulfill Canada’s obligations under the Migratory Bird Convention of 1916 between Canada and the U.S. as implemented in Canada under the Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994. This includes conserving populations, individual birds, their nests, and important bird habitat through continued conservation actions, stewardship, policy development, and enforcement of the Act and its regulations. (EC)

4.2.2: Complete and make publicly available each of the 25 Bird Conservation Region Strategies, and ensure that recommended actions from these strategies are implemented for priority migratory bird species. (EC)

4.3.7: Work with the U.S. and Mexico under the auspices of the Commission for Environmental Cooperation to foster conservation. (EC)

4.5.4: Undertake research and provide advice to decision makers on marine ecosystems, including impacts of environmental stressors on migratory birds, species at risk and ecological risks associated with specific high-priority ocean activities. (DFO, EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 4.2.1 and 4.2.2 contribute to FSDS Goal 4 - Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians, Target 4.2 - Migratory Birds.

Implementation Strategy 4.3.7 contributes to FSDS Goal 4 - Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians, Target 4.3 - Terrestrial Ecosystems and Habitat Stewardship.

Implementation Strategy 4.5.4 contributes to FSDS Goal 4 - Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians, Target 4.5 - Marine Ecosystems.

Sub-Program 1.1.4 - Habitat Conservation Partnerships

Program Description

This program supports the delivery of Environment Canada’s obligations under the Species at Risk Act, Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994, and Canada Wildlife Act. It does this by funding projects and encouraging activities that secure, protect, improve and/or restore important and ecologically sensitive habitat to enhance the survival of wildlife - in particular, species at risk and migratory birds. The program provides mechanisms (e.g. tax incentives, funding initiatives) to engage a variety of organizations and individuals, including private land owners, environmental non-governmental organizations (e.g. land trusts) and other levels of government. Activities under the program include delivery of the Ecological Gifts Program, a tax incentive program for private land owners who donate ecologically sensitive land to qualified recipients, the National Wetland Conservation Fund, and supporting the implementation of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan (NAWMP), a Canada-United States-Mexico partnership of federal/provincial/state governments and non-governmental organizations that aims to conserve wetlands in North America. Work under the NAWMP is achieved through participation on the North American Wetlands Conservation Council and Habitat Joint Ventures, and implementation of the North American Wetlands Conservation Act. In addition, the program makes an assessed contribution to the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar Convention), and to two programs wholly administered by partners - Wildlife Habitat Canada’s Conservation Stamp Initiative and the Nature Conservancy of Canada’s Natural Areas Conservation Program. Program delivery includes contributions in support of Biodiversity - Wildlife and Habitat, and those to the Ramsar Convention.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

4.3.4: Provide for the protection of priority habitats required for the conservation of migratory birds and species at risk, as well as unique and rare habitats, by managing a network of National Wildlife Areas, Migratory Bird Sanctuaries and Marine Wildlife Areas that is planned to adapt to ecological change; administering the Ecological Gifts Program; contributing to the development and implementation of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan; administering permits; and entering partnership arrangements (including collaboration with Aboriginal groups, other wildlife management agencies, other natural resource agencies, non-governmental organizations, private property owners, and other jurisdictions). (EC)

4.3.12: Participate in implementing the North American Waterfowl Management Plan which aims to conserve wetlands in order to benefit waterfowl in North America. Canada has committed to promoting the wise use of wetlands and maintaining the ecological character of designated Wetlands of International Importance under the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar Convention). (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 4.3.4 and 4.3.12 contribute to FSDS Goal 4 - Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians, Target 4.3 - Terrestrial Ecosystems and Habitat Stewardship.

Sub-Program 1.1.5 - Protected Areas

Program Description

This program supports the delivery of Environment Canada’s obligations under the Species at Risk Act, Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994, and Canada Wildlife Act. It entails managing a network of protected areas (National Wildlife Areas, Migratory Bird Sanctuaries and marine National Wildlife Areas) to protect priority habitats required for the conservation of Canada’s migratory birds and species at risk. The program also promotes public awareness and understanding of wildlife and nature conservation, and of Environment Canada’s role in conservation efforts. It carries out strategic planning and coordination in support of protected areas, as well as their management. It requires the support of the public and close collaboration with provincial and territorial governments, Aboriginal groups, other wildlife management or natural resource agencies, non-governmental organizations and property owners. Program activities support initiatives such as the Inuit Impact and Benefits Agreement, and the Northwest Territories Protected Areas Strategy to contribute to the further establishment of National Wildlife Areas in Nunavut and the Northwest Territories. The program operates as part of a broader network of protected areas that includes sites of other federal departments (Parks Canada, and Fisheries and Oceans Canada), provincial and territorial agencies, and conservation properties owned and/or managed by non-governmental organizations. The program also directs research and conducts monitoring in its protected areas.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

4.3.5: Implement the Inuit Impact and Benefits Agreement, and continue to work with the Government of the Northwest Territories (NWT) on the NWT Protected Areas Strategy, with the objective of establishing additional protected areas in NWT and Nunavut. (EC)

4.3.11: Develop an inventory of protected spaces that includes private conservation areas. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 4.3.5 and 4.3.11 contribute to FSDS Goal 4 - Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians, Target 4.3 - Terrestrial Ecosystems and Habitat Stewardship.

Sub-Program 1.2.1 - Water Quality and Aquatic Ecosystems Health

Program Description

This program conducts research and monitoring activities to report on freshwater quality and aquatic ecosystem health of waters within the federal mandate, and to contribute to informed decision-making on public policy and regulations related to water management in Canada. The program coordinates several research and monitoring activities in the Great Lakes under the Canada-U.S. Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. It includes collaboration with the Government of Alberta and stakeholders to implement the Joint Canada-Alberta Implementation Plan for Oil Sands Monitoring, an industry-funded, scientifically rigorous, comprehensive, integrated and transparent environmental monitoring of the oil sands region that will contribute to an improved understanding of the long-term cumulative effects of oil sands development. The program includes collaboration with the Canadian Food Inspection Agency and Fisheries and Oceans Canada to deliver data and information to inform the Canadian Shellfish Sanitation Program, a food safety program that aims to protect the health and safety of shellfish-consuming Canadians and that maintains international market access for Canada’s shellfish exports.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

3.10.4: Working with provincial colleagues through the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, produce a guidance manual for developing nutrient objectives for rivers, and identify additional opportunities for research on mitigating excess nutrients in Canadian waters. (EC)

3.12.3: Collaborate with the Government of Alberta and stakeholders to implement an industry-funded integrated approach to monitoring, evaluation, and reporting on the significance of environmental contaminant pathways in air and water, biological effects, and impacts of habitat disturbance as described in the Joint Canada-Alberta Implementation Plan for Oil Sands Monitoring. (EC)

4.3.10: Conduct biodiversity contaminants monitoring as part of the Joint Oil Sands Monitoring Implementation Plan in order to provide an improved understanding of the long-term cumulative effects of oil sands development. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategy 3.10.4 contributes to FSDS Goal 3 - Water Quality and Water Quantity, Target 3.10 - Agri-Environmental Performance Metrics.

Implementation Strategy 3.12.3 contributes to FSDS Goal 3 - Water Quality and Water Quantity, Target 3.12 - Water Resource Management.

Implementation Strategy 4.3.10 contributes to FSDS Goal 4 - Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians, Target 4.3 - Terrestrial Ecosystems and Habitat Stewardship.

Clean Air Agenda (CAA) Financial Resources:

Sub-Program 1.2.2 - Water Resource Management and Use

Program Description

This program supports integrated water management decisions at the federal, provincial, and territorial levels. It promotes and enables the application of science-based information to inform decision making in an integrated and coherent manner consistent with the Department of the Environment Act, International Boundary Waters Treaty Act, Canada Water Act and International River Improvements Act. The program coordinates water quality and water quantity science and monitoring to inform decisions, policy development and management approaches. It provides science, engineering and monitoring information to domestic and international water boards (e.g. International Joint Commission, Lake of the Woods Control Board), and contributes Departmental expertise to these water boards in order to regulate water levels and flows to protect ecosystems and a wide range of socio-economic interests related to domestic and Canada-U.S. transboundary waters.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

3.12.7: Continue to engage in domestic water boards (e.g. Prairie Provinces Water Board and Mackenzie River Basin Board) and international water boards (e.g. International Joint Commission) to coordinate on trans-boundary water issues with other Canadian federal, provincial, and territorial agencies and relevant U.S. counterparts. (EC)

3.12.8: Continue to work through the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment towards a national approach to assess groundwater sustainability in order to support integrated water management decisions at the federal, provincial, and territorial levels. (EC)

3.12.9: Conduct research and monitoring to advance knowledge on the state of Canada’s watersheds. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 3.12.7, 3.12.8 and 3.12.9 contribute to FSDS Goal 3 - Water Quality and Water Quantity, Target 3.12 - Water Resource Management.

Sub-Program 1.2.3 - Hydrometric Services

Program Description

Information on the water cycle within Canada is critical to decision-making to protect the health and safety of Canadians (e.g. flood forecasting and prevention), to scientific research, and to support improved economic efficiency (e.g. agriculture, hydroelectricity and international shipping). This program provides hydrometric data, information and knowledge that Canadian jurisdictions need to make water management decisions. This program supports the goals and mandates of all levels of government involved in managing water supplies. The hydrometric data, meteorological information and ancillary information provided by Environment Canada are used by international, federal, provincial, territorial and municipal agencies to regulate and respond to changing water levels and flows within Canada and in bodies of water that cross international boundaries. Under the Canada Water Act, monitoring activities of this program are carried out through cost-shared bilateral agreements between Environment Canada and each of the provinces and territories (Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada represents Nunavut and the Northwest Territories). These agreements create the national framework within which Environment Canada collects, interprets and provides water level and flow information, and supports both decision making and scientific investigations. For example, hydrometric data provides important information to be used in the response to floods. Program delivery may include Contributions in support of Water Resources.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

3.12.4: Collect and disseminate hydrological data and knowledge through the Water Survey of Canada, in order to help Canadian jurisdictions make water management decisions that ensure health and safety and support economic efficiency. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on this Implementation Strategy, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategy 3.12.4 contributes to FSDS Goal 3 - Water Quality and Water Quantity, Target 3.12 - Water Resource Management.

Sub-Program 1.3.4 - Great Lakes

Program Description

This program provides leadership, oversight, coordination, funding and governance mechanisms for the Great Lakes Ecosystem Initiative, by managing, delivering and reporting on a number of key initiatives: the Canada-U.S. Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, Canada-Ontario Agreement, Great Lakes Nutrient Initiative, Great Lakes Action Plan, and Action Plan for Clean Water (Great Lakes sediment remediation implementation). Work encompasses policy development, issues management, work planning, reporting, coordination of science and monitoring, and the development, implementation and analysis of agreements, plans and initiatives. The program works in collaboration with other federal departments and other levels of government in Canada and the U.S., Aboriginal groups, conservation authorities and watershed management agencies, municipalities, environmental organizations and stewardship networks. Specifically, it implements Remedial Action Plans and Lakewide Action and Management Plans to improve environmental quality and achieve the vision of a healthy and prosperous Great Lakes ecosystem. It uses funding from the Great Lakes Action Plan to restore beneficial use impairments in identified Areas of Concern, and implements contaminated sediment remediation projects with funding from the Action Plan for Clean Water. Funding from the Great Lakes Nutrient Initiative is used to determine phosphorus targets and identify possible actions to reduce levels that contribute to harmful algae. The program develops action plans and strategies to address evolving and historic issues of emerging concern in the Great Lakes - including species and habitat protection, chemicals of concern to Canada and the United States, and the identification of climate change impacts on Great Lakes water quality. The program also regularly reports federally and provincially through the Canada-Ontario Agreement and bi-nationally through the Canada-U.S. Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, including specifically through the State of the Great Lakes reports on environmental indicators, the Progress Report of the Parties (Canada-U.S.), updates on Lakewide Action and Management Plans, Canada-Ontario Agreement Progress Reports, and a report on groundwater science.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

3.3.1: Provide leadership, oversight, coordination and governance for the Great Lakes by managing, delivering, and reporting on the Canada-U.S. Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA), the Great Lakes Nutrient Initiative, and the Canada-Ontario Agreement. The plans and strategies on evolving historic issues and issues of emerging concern include: (DFO, EC)

• Habitat and species - Fulfilling obligations to address habitat and species protection.
• Chemicals of mutual concern - Fulfilling obligations to reduce or eliminate the use and release of chemicals of concern (mutually agreed to for action by Canada and the U.S.) using approaches that are accountable, adaptive and science-based.
• Climate change impacts - Fulfilling obligations to identify and quantify climate change impacts on water quality.

3.3.2: Partner with Canadian and U.S. federal, state, tribal, provincial and municipal governments, First Nations, Metis, watershed management agencies, and other local public agencies to implement Remedial Action Plans and Lakewide Action and Management Plans in order to improve environmental quality and achieve the vision of a healthy and prosperous Great Lakes region. This includes funding from the Great Lakes Action Plan to coordinate Remedial Action Plans, providing technical and financial support through the Great Lakes Sustainability Fund to clean up and restore the Areas of Concern, and remediating contaminated sediment in Areas of Concern with funding from the Action Plan for Clean Water. (EC)

3.3.4: Release reports regularly on State of the Great Lakes environmental indicators, Progress Report of the Parties (Canada-U.S.), updates for Lakewide Action and Management Plans and a report on groundwater science. (EC)

3.3.5: Coordinate with the U.S. scientific research and monitoring activities in the Great Lakes in order to fulfill the obligations of the Canada-U.S. Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. (EC)

3.3.6: Deliver and report on Great Lakes results federally-provincially, between the Government of Canada and the Province of Ontario through the Canada-Ontario Agreement and binationally between Canada and the U.S. through the Canada-U.S. Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 3.3.1, 3.3.2, 3.3.4, 3.3.5 and 3.3.6 contribute to FSDS Goal 3 - Water Quality and Water Quantity, Target 3.3 - Great Lakes - Canadian Areas of Concern.

Sub-Program 1.3.5 - St. Lawrence

Program Description

This program provides leadership, oversight and coordination to the overall governance of the St. Lawrence Action Plan, and reports results achieved collectively between the Government of Canada and Government of Québec. It works to establish cooperative partnerships between the federal and provincial governments and non-governmental organizations, in order to address biodiversity conservation, water quality improvement, and sustainability of beneficial uses. It also supports stakeholder participation in collaboration processes and communities in improving environmental quality, through grants and contribution agreements. The program conducts and coordinates research, monitoring and prediction activities in the St. Lawrence with other federal and provincial departments, and releases reports regularly on the state of the St. Lawrence, fact sheets on 21 environmental indicators, and results of the St. Lawrence Action Plan.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

3.5.1: Provide leadership, oversight, and coordination to the overall governance of the St. Lawrence Action Plan and report results achieved between the Government of Canada and the Government of Quebec. (EC)

3.5.2: Establish cooperative partnerships between the federal and provincial governments to address biodiversity conservation, water quality improvement and sustainability of beneficial uses, and support stakeholder participation in collaboration processes and communities in improving environmental quality through Grants and Contribution Agreements. (EC)

3.5.3: Conduct and coordinate prediction and monitoring activities in the St. Lawrence with other federal and provincial departments and release reports regularly on the State of the St. Lawrence and factsheets on 21 environmental indicators. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 3.5.1, 3.5.2 and 3.5.3 contribute to FSDS Goal 3 - Water Quality and Water Quantity, Target 3.5 - St. Lawrence River.

Sub-Program 1.3.6 - Lake Simcoe/South-eastern Georgian Bay

Program Description

This program provides financial and technical support through the Lake Simcoe/South-eastern Georgian Bay Clean-Up Fund to implement priority projects through contributions to citizens, non-governmental organizations, provincial ministries, conservation authorities, land owners, universities and industry. The Fund also supports key research within federal departments. Priority objectives of the Fund are to support projects that: improve monitoring, assessment and information required to improve decision making for phosphorus reduction strategies; conserve critical aquatic habitat and associated species through targeted aquatic habitat protection, restoration and creation; reduce rural and urban non-point sources of nutrients, including implementation of best management practices for the management of soil, crops, livestock, etc. and creating and rehabilitating wetlands and naturalizing watercourses; and reduce discharges of phosphorus from point sources, including sewage, combined sewer overflows and urban storm water systems. This includes support to develop and test innovative approaches to manage urban storm water and wastewater. The initiative is administered by Environment Canada’s Lake Simcoe/South-eastern Georgian Bay office in consultation with Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, the Province of Ontario, the Lake Simcoe Conservation Authority and other key stakeholders. Program investments are expected to improve water quality for recreational use, substantially reduce phosphorus loads from urban and rural sources, and advance the restoration of a sustainable cold-water fishery, as well as ecological integrity. This initiative is a key component of the Government’s Action Plan for Clean Water and supports commitments of the federal government related to the Canada-United States Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

3.6.1: Provide financial and technical support through the Lake Simcoe/South-eastern Georgian Bay Clean-Up Fund to implement priority projects aimed at reducing phosphorus inputs, conserving aquatic habitat and species, and enhancing research and monitoring capacity essential to the restoration of the Lake Simcoe and South-eastern Georgian Bay Basin watersheds. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategy 3.6.1 contributes to FSDS Goal 3 - Water Quality and Water Quantity, Target 3.6 - Lake Simcoe and South-eastern Georgian Bay.

Sub-Program 1.3.7 - Lake Winnipeg

Program Description

The Lake Winnipeg Basin Initiative (LWBI) focuses on three key areas: science (research, monitoring and information sharing); transboundary partnerships; and the implementation and administration of the Lake Winnipeg Basin Stewardship Fund, which provides financial support for high-impact, solution-oriented projects aimed at reducing nutrient loads and improving the long-term ecological health of the lake and watershed. National science and governance initiatives, aligned with Environment Canada’s Water Quality and Aquatic Ecosystems Health program (1.2.1), also support the LWBI. The Initiative’s activities are managed and coordinated by the Lake Winnipeg Basin Office. The program works with existing water governance bodies to explore options and opportunities to cooperatively develop and support implementation of a basin-wide nutrient strategy, in addition to providing a forum for communication. This includes working with the Province of Manitoba to continue implementation of the Canada-Manitoba Memorandum of Understanding Respecting Lake Winnipeg, which provides for a long-term collaborative and coordinated approach between the two governments to support the sustainability and health of the Lake Winnipeg Basin. The program financially supports the Lake Winnipeg Research Consortium, to facilitate and enhance community-led scientific research via the only lake-based research vessel in existence, i.e., the MV Namao. As well, the program financially supports the ongoing development and expansion of the single-window web information portal, housed at the University of Manitoba, to better promote and enable data sharing and analysis with partners and other networks, in order to support research on Lake Winnipeg.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

3.7.1: The Lake Winnipeg Basin Management Office will coordinate and manage the activities of the Lake Winnipeg Basin Initiative, work with existing water governance bodies, explore options and opportunities to cooperatively develop and support the implementation of a basin-wide nutrient strategy, and provide a forum for communication. This includes working with the Province of Manitoba to continue implementation of the Canada-Manitoba Memorandum of Understanding Respecting Lake Winnipeg, which provides for a long-term collaborative and coordinated approach between the two governments to ensure the sustainability and health of the Lake Winnipeg Basin. (EC)

3.7.2: Provide financial and technical support, through the Lake Winnipeg Basin Stewardship Fund, to projects having concrete, demonstrable results to reduce pollutants and, in particular, nutrient loads, throughout the Lake Winnipeg Basin. (EC)

3.7.3: Conduct science and monitoring activities required to understand the relationship between ecology and nutrient cycling and the sources and transport mechanisms for nutrients within Lake Winnipeg and its sub watersheds. This information helps inform the development of nutrient objectives and performance indicators for Lake Winnipeg. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 3.7.1, 3.7.2 and 3.7.3 contribute to FSDS Goal 3 - Water Quality and Water Quantity, Target 3.7 - Lake Winnipeg Basin.

Sub-Program 1.3.8 - Ecosystems Partnerships

Program Description

This program coordinates and oversees initiatives in targeted ecosystems in the Atlantic, Pacific and northern regions of Canada, with the goal of ensuring their health, productivity and long-term sustainability. The program’s focuses are building partnerships, supporting actions, and strengthening collaboration between several levels of government, academia, industry, Aboriginal groups and non-governmental organizations, to enhance science and research and share knowledge and information that increase our understanding of and help to protect and restore these ecosystems. In Atlantic Canada, this program implements the Atlantic Ecosystem Initiatives, which is working collaboratively to address needs and issues regarding habitat and biodiversity, nearshore water quality, and the impacts of climate change. In the Okanagan Basin ecosystem, collaborative work continues on the use of water balance models to guide economic development, land use planning, and the protection of habitat and biodiversity; and efforts in the Salish Sea (Georgian Basin) focus on the development and support of collaborative science regarding the issues of habitat and biodiversity.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

3.12.1: Deliver, with the Atlantic provinces, collaborative environmental initiatives that advance long-term coordinated approaches to water management that ensure the sustainability and health of water resources in Atlantic Canada. (EC)

3.12.10: Continue to cooperate on ecosystem initiatives such as lake evaporation in the Okanagan ecosystem and sustainability indicators that incorporate First Nations traditional knowledge in the Salish Sea ecosystem. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 3.12.1 and 3.12.10 contribute to FSDS Goal 3 - Water Quality and Water Quantity, Target 3.12 - Water Resource Management.

Program 1.4 - Compliance Promotion and Enforcement -- Wildlife

Program Description

This program works to conserve and protect the natural environment through compliance promotion and enforcement of the Species at Risk Act, Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994, Wild Animal and Plant Protection and Regulation of International and Interprovincial Trade Act, and Canada Wildlife Act. The program promotes compliance through the communication of information, education, and consultation with parties affected by these statutes. It maintains a contingent of enforcement officers whose activities consist of verifying conformity with laws, regulations and permits pertaining to wildlife and Environment Canada Protected Areas, as well as gathering intelligence, conducting inspections and pursuing investigations regarding alleged offenders. The program also works with the United States and Mexico under the auspices of the Commission for Environmental Cooperation to strengthen wildlife enforcement. These actions aim to reduce damages and threats to biodiversity for the benefit of Canadians and the international community.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

4.1.2: Work with the U.S. and Mexico under the auspices of the Commission for Environmental Cooperation to strengthen wildlife enforcement. (EC)

4.3.3: Enhance and promote enforcement in Environment Canada Protected Areas (Migratory Bird Sanctuaries and National Wildlife Areas) through a contingent of enforcement officers and take appropriate enforcement measures against alleged offenders. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategy 4.1.2 contributes to FSDS Goal 4 - Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians, Target 4.1 - Species at Risk.

Implementation Strategy 4.3.3 contributes to FSDS Goal 4 - Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians, Target 4.3 - Terrestrial Ecosystems and Habitat Stewardship.

Sub-Program 2.1.2 - Health-Related Meteorological Information

Program Description

This program provides forecasts, tools, data and information on atmospheric conditions that affect health, such as air quality, extreme temperatures and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It supports the mandates of Environment Canada, Health Canada and many public and non-governmental health agencies. The program includes work on the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) and other projects that assist Canadians in making informed decisions to protect their health and reduce pollution, and that enable health agencies to help vulnerable populations respond to changing atmospheric conditions. It is delivered across Canada through collaborations promoting data and information dissemination. Collaborators include the media, public health agencies at all levels of government, provincial environment agencies and non-governmental agencies. This program also conducts systematic observations and monitoring of background air pollutants (CAPMon Network) and ozone in the atmosphere, and hosts the World Ozone and UV Data Centre, operated on behalf of the World Meteorological Organization and used by over 75 government agencies around the world. Program delivery may include grants and contributions in support of Weather and Environmental Services for Canadians.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

2.1.11: Communicate outdoor air pollution health risks to Canadians through the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI), which provides current and forecast air-quality information and advice on health risks in order to assist Canadians in making decisions on how to reduce their level of exposure. Continue development of the AQHI and continue implementation in all provinces and major communities in the North to achieve access for 80% of the Canadian population. (EC, HC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on this Implementation Strategy, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategy 2.1.11 contributes to FSDS Goal 2 - Air Pollution, Target 2.1 - Outdoor Air Pollutants.

Clean Air Agenda (CAA) Financial Resources:

Sub-Program 2.1.3 - Climate Information, Prediction and Tools

Program Description

This program generates new knowledge and information about past, present and future states of the climate system and how it functions, as well as the changing composition of the atmosphere and related impacts. Its work includes: developing global and regional climate models and scenarios; detecting human influence on climate change in Canada, including extremes; understanding the North and the Canadian cryosphere; and tracking atmospheric levels of greenhouse gases and aerosols across Canada, including in remote locations. These activities increase understanding of the impacts of climate change on economic sectors and ecosystems. Results from the program’s analysis and research activities provide the scientific basis for policy development, mitigation, adaptation planning and decision making for programs such as the Federal Adaptation Policy Framework, as well as products, services and tools to Canadians. In particular, climate services inform and assist users in adapting to both present climate variability and medium- to long-term changes in climate. The program shares data, science and information with all levels of government in Canada, academia, industry, consortia, standards councils, and the national and international scientific community, including organizations such as the World Meteorological Organization, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and the Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society. The program meets responsibilities under the Department of the Environment Act, Canadian Environmental Protection Act (1999), Emergency Management Act (2007), National Research Council Act (Canadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes), and United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (articles 4 and 5: monitoring and research). Program delivery may include grants and contributions in support of Weather and Environmental Services for Canadians.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

1.2.12: Support adaptation decision making by providing the foundational science information to understand climate system behaviour, the human influence on climate, and future climate on various spatial and temporal scales. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on this Implementation Strategy, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategy 1.2.12 contributes to FSDS Goal 1 - Climate Change, Target 1.2 - Climate Change Adaptation.

Clean Air Agenda (CAA) Financial Resources:

Sub-Program 3.1.1 - Substances Management

Program Description

This program is responsible for assessing and managing risks to the environment from all existing substances identified under the Chemicals Management Plan, as well as new substances (upon notification by industry of their import or manufacture) for risks to the environment. The program uses science-based risk assessment, priority setting, and timely regulatory actions (or other measures where appropriate) to manage risks associated with substances determined to be harmful. It works to improve substance management through research and monitoring, tracking of pollutant releases (through reporting to the National Pollutant Release Inventory) and ongoing performance assessment of control-risk measures. The program uses regulations and other control measures, under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, Part 5, Controlling Toxic Substances, to address the risk posed by substances of concern throughout their life cycle (e.g. released to the environment from industrial processes, contained in consumer and commercial products, or released from end-of-life products and waste). Also included is the international and interprovincial movement of waste and hazardous recyclable material. The program maintains transparency with stakeholders through consultation processes, including through engagement at the national and international levels. International engagement occurs in a vast array of fora, such as: implementing Canada’s legal commitments under the Basel, Rotterdam and Stockholm Conventions, the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution and the Minamata Convention; the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Cooperative Chemicals Assessment Programme; and the United States-Canada Regulatory Cooperation Council.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

2.1.23: Target control measures on volatile organic compounds in some consumer and commercial products. (EC)

4.8.3: Percentage of stated objectives to be achieved in international negotiations which were met or mostly met under the Basel, Rotterdam, Stockholm and Vienna Conventions. (EC)

4.8.5: Assess 100% of 1500 targeted existing commercial substances as identified under the Chemicals Management Plan for risks to human health and/or the environment by 2016. (EC, HC)

4.8.6: Track releases of harmful substances under the National Pollutant Release Inventory in accordance with the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999.(EC)

4.8.8: Address 100% of new substances, for which Environment Canada has been notified by industry of their intended manufacture or import, to determine if they may pose risks to human health and/or the environment within the timelines in the regulation or established services standards. (EC, HC)

4.8.9: Ensure at least one risk management measure is in place for 100% of substances deemed to be harmful to human health and/or the environment. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategy 2.1.23 contributes to FSDS Goal 2 - air pollution, Target 2.1 - outdoor air pollutants.

Implementation Strategies 4.8.3, 4.8.5, 4.8.6, 4.8.8 and 4.8 9 contribute to FSDS Goal 4 - Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians, Target 4.8 - Chemicals Management.

Clean Air Agenda (CAA) Financial Resources:

Sub-Program 3.1.2 - Effluent Management

Program Description

This program supports management of risks to the environment and human health from the discharge and deposit of waste residues into water (e.g. effluent). This is achieved through the development, implementation and administration of strategies and programs, such as pollution prevention plans, regulations, codes of practice, guidelines and environmental performance agreements. Under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 and Fisheries Act, the program addresses waste discharges and substances of concern in the effluent of industrial and public sectors, including but not limited to mining and processing, forest products, municipal wastewater and other sectors. Key activities include: conducting research and risk analysis; developing and implementing regulations and other control instruments; assessing the results of environmental effects monitoring of regulated facilities; providing technical advice to environmental assessments; and acting as the focal point for the Fisheries Act pollution prevention provisions (FA-PPP). Specifically, the program administers the FA-PPP, including the development of risk management instruments, and administers the Wastewater Systems Effluent Regulations, Metal Mining Effluent Regulations and Pulp and Paper Effluent Regulations to control or manage the deposit of deleterious substances into water in order to reduce the threats to fish, fish habitat and human health from fish consumption. Program delivery requires collaboration with partners (including other federal government departments, other levels of government and associations) and consultation with industry, Aboriginal groups and other stakeholders.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

3.11.1: Administer the Wastewater Systems Effluent Regulations to reduce the threats to fish, fish habitat, and human health from fish consumption. (EC)

3.11.2: Continue to work with the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Quebec, and Newfoundland and Labrador on minimum effluent quality standards for wastewater effluent for the far north. (EC)

3.11.3: Administer the Metal Mining Effluent Regulations under the Fisheries Act to control or manage the deposit of selected deleterious substances into water to protect water quality and aquatic ecosystems. (EC)

3.11.4: Administer the Pulp and Paper Effluent Regulations under the Fisheries Act to control or manage the deposit of selected deleterious substances into water to protect water quality and aquatic ecosystems. (EC)

4.8.12: Administer the Fisheries Act Pollution Prevention Provisions (FA-PPP) including the development of risk management instruments. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 3.11.1, 3.11.2, 3.11.3 and 3.11.4 contribute to FSDS Goal 3 - Water quality and water quantity, Target 3.11 - Wastewater and Industrial Effluent.

Implementation Strategy 4.8.12 contributes to FSDS Goal 4 - Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians, Target 4.8 - Chemicals Management.

Sub-Program 3.1.3 - Marine Pollution

Program Description

This program assesses, controls and monitors the disposal at sea of wastes and other matter, and advises on marine pollution from ships. As of 2010, the program is responsible for assessing and controlling the risks to the marine environment resulting from Canadians or Canadian maritime traffic in the Antarctic. The program uses a mix of regulatory and non-regulatory instruments to prevent marine pollution. It addresses impacts on sediments and other wastes, administers prohibitions and controls, and assesses and issues permits for disposal at sea and Antarctic expeditions. Two cost-recovery fees are applicable to disposal at sea permits: an application fee assessed on all permits, and a permit fee assessed on dredged and inert inorganic material. The program conducts research and develops decision-making and monitoring tools as well as standards, and makes contributions to federal coordination of marine pollution prevention (ship-sourced). Relevant legislation for the program includes the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, including Part 7, Division 3 (Disposal at Sea), and the Antarctic Environmental Protection Act, 2003. International obligations include the London Convention and Protocol, the Antarctic Treaty and Madrid Protocol. The program also works to advance Canadian positions to influence global rules aimed at reducing and managing global marine pollution from all sources.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

3.9.1: Complementary to 3.8.1, set the regulatory frameworks through domestic legislation and international conventions that govern the protection of the marine environment from pollution from disposal at sea, and advance Canadian positions that can influence global rules towards reducing and managing global marine pollution from all sources. (EC)

3.9.2: Contribute to reducing pollution from disposal at sea through permit assessment and monitoring to ensure sustainability in compliance with Canadian legislation such as the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 3.9.1 and 3.9.2 contribute to FSDS Goal 3 - Water quality and water quantity, Target 3.9 - Marine Pollution, Disposal at Sea.

Sub-Program 3.1.4 - Environmental Emergencies

Program Description

This program protects Canadians and their environment from the effects of emergency pollution incidents, through the provision of science-based expert advice and regulations. Specifically, it aims to reduce the frequency and consequences of emergency pollution incidents through five major activities: prevention, preparedness, response, recovery, and research and development. Prevention involves providing expert advice to proponents of large development projects, through the environmental assessment process and through regulating chemical facilities to develop and implement environmental emergency plans. Effective preparedness is built on role clarity, effective decision-making and communication, and trust and cooperation among government, industry and communities. During an emergency response, the National Environmental Emergencies Centre is Environment Canada’s focal point for provision of scientific advice, such as weather forecasting, contaminant trajectory modelling, the fate and behaviour of hazardous substances, sensitivity mapping, the establishment of clean-up priorities, and the protection of sensitive ecosystems and wildlife such as migratory birds. Recovery activities include assessing damage and providing advice to polluters on repairing environments damaged by environmental emergencies. By providing trusted, science-based expert advice, the program is able to assist emergency response agencies and industries to make responsible decisions about the environment before, during and after an environmentally significant pollution incident.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

4.7.4: In accordance with mandated responsibilities, provide environmental and/or other information to reduce the risk of, and advice in response to, the occurrence of events such as polluting incidents, wildlife disease events or severe weather and other significant hydro-meteorological events as applicable. (AAFC, AANDC, DFO, EC, HC, IC, NRCan, PC, PS, PWGSC, TC)

• Develop spill and dispersion models, analysis methods, fate and behaviour algorithms, measurement and remote sensing capabilities, decontamination protocols, and countermeasures used during incidents.
• Reduce the environmental consequences of spills by providing scientific and technical advice on weather, sea state and the behaviour and effects of chemicals, sampling and analysis, countermeasures, sensitivity mapping, trajectory, modelling, and operation of the 24/7 National Environmental Emergencies Centre in Montreal.

4.7.5: Prevent emergencies by promoting compliance, track and report number of environmental emergency plans in place as required by Environmental Emergency Regulations, created pursuant to section 200 of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 4.7.4 and 4.7.5 contribute to FSDS Goal 4 - Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians, Target 4.7 - Environmental Disasters, Incidents and Emergencies.

Sub-Program 3.1.5 - Contaminated Sites

Program Description

This program is primarily directed to Environment Canada’s responsibilities in supporting the Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan (FCSAP). The FCSAP is a 15-year Government of Canada horizontal program aimed at reducing environmental and human health risks from known federal contaminated sites and associated federal financial liabilities. Fifteen federal departments (including Environment Canada), agencies and consolidated Crown corporations responsible for contaminated sites are currently involved in the FCSAP program, either as custodians of sites or in a supporting role. Environment Canada’s responsibilities include hosting the FCSAP Secretariat, developing guidance and program policies, and providing expert support to federal custodians for the assessment and remediation/risk management activities at their sites. In addition, the FCSAP Secretariat coordinates implementation of the Shared Sites Policy Framework.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

4.8.1: Implement the Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan and complete remediation and risk management activities at known high priority federal contaminated sites. (AAFC, AANDC, CSC, DFO, DND, EC, NRC, PC, PWGSC, RCMP, TC)

4.8.2: Guidance and program policies developed by the Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan program secretariat and the expert support departments are provided to federal custodians for program implementation activities. (DFO, EC, HC, PWGSC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 4.8.1 and 4.8.2 contribute to FSDS Goal 4 - Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians, Target 4.8 - Chemicals Management.

Sub-Program 3.2.1 - Climate Change and Clean Air Regulatory Program

Program Description

This program develops domestic approaches to climate change and air pollution by controlling emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and air pollutants (APs), and promotes science-based approaches to develop new standards and regulations. Core program activities focus on developing and implementing regulations to achieve the reduction of emissions from the industrial and transportation sectors while maintaining economic competitiveness. The program also undertakes analysis related to cross-cutting issues, develops compliance flexibilities, and negotiates equivalency agreements with provinces. It works with provinces and territories through the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment to implement the Air Quality Management System, which includes establishing new outdoor air quality standards and finalizing and implementing the industrial emissions requirements. The program’s core activities are supported by legal and economic analysis, as well as scientific research, monitoring and modelling of GHGs and APs emissions in order to provide a basis for developing, implementing and evaluating standards and regulations. Activities encompass data collection, emissions estimation and reporting to support domestic programs and meet international requirements, including compiling and submitting international reports on GHGs and APs.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

1.1.1: Develop domestic climate change strategies aligned with the U.S. as appropriate for Canadian circumstances as part of Canada’s commitment to meet its national GHG emissions target. (EC)

1.1.14: Undertake modelling, analysis and research, and develop regulatory impact analysis statements in order to support informed federal decision making on policy approaches to reduce GHG emissions and to analyze the economic and competitiveness impacts of policy approaches. (EC)

2.1.13: Undertake and deliver scientific research, monitoring, modelling, testing, data analysis and science advice to inform regulations, policies, programs, science assessments, and services as well as to evaluate effectiveness of actions. (EC, HC)

2.1.16: Undertake modelling, analysis and research, and develop regulatory impact analysis statements in order to support informed federal decision making on policy approaches to reduce air pollutant emissions and to analyze the economic and competitiveness impacts of policy approaches. (EC)

2.1.19: Continue to work collaboratively with provinces, territories and stakeholders to implement the Air Quality Management System, which includes new ambient air quality standards, a framework for managing air quality through local air zones and regional airsheds, and emissions requirements for major industrial sectors and equipment types. (EC, HC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 1.1.1 and 1.1.14 contribute to FSDS Goal 1 - Climate Change, Target 1.1 - Climate Change Mitigation.

Implementation Strategies 2.1.13, 2.1.16 and 2.1.19 contribute to FSDS Goal 2 - Air Pollution, Target 2.1 - Outdoor Air Pollutants.

Clean Air Agenda (CAA) Financial Resources:

Sub-Sub-Program 3.2.1.1 - Industrial Sector Emissions

Program Description

This program aims to reduce emissions of air pollutants (APs) and greenhouse gases (GHGs) from industrial sectors under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999. Key activities include the development of GHG standards and regulations for electricity, oil and gas, and emissions-intensive trade-exposed (EITE) sectors and the finalization of standards, regulations and other risk management instruments for air pollutants, as part of the Air Quality Management System. This also includes negotiating and developing equivalency agreements with interested provinces or territories. The program also undertakes monitoring, emissions quantification and reporting, verification, research and modelling, as well as economic and scientific assessments of current and future levels of air pollutants and GHG emissions. It is responsible for reporting requirements under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 for tracking and reporting releases of harmful substances, in order to meet domestic obligations (e.g. National Pollutant Release Inventory) and international obligations (e.g. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change), and is responsible for the design and implementation of an electronic data collection and management system (to provide a harmonized system to report on GHG and AP emissions). The program also provides information to Canadians and decision makers about the environmental and health impacts associated with air pollutants, including results of scientific monitoring and short-term studies regarding impacts from the oil sands.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

1.1.13: Undertake and deliver scientific research, risk assessment and regular reporting in support of regulatory and other programs, including data analysis, inventory development, monitoring, modelling and assessment of the effectiveness of efforts as well as research on options, costs and benefits, and technology assessments. (EC)

1.1.15: Provide science information and expertise to inform science assessments and reports related to climate change. (EC)

1.1.16: Continue to implement and expand the single-window reporting initiative for national releases and emissions reporting. (EC)

1.1.17: Continue to develop and implement regulations to reduce GHG emissions from emissions intensive trade exposed (EITE) sectors. (EC)

1.1.18: Continue to develop and implement regulations and other instruments to reduce GHG emissions in the electricity sector. (EC)

1.1.19: Continue to develop regulations to reduce GHG emissions in the oil and gas sectors. (EC)

1.1.56: Develop and submit a complete and compliant annual national GHG Inventory Report and Common Reporting Format tables to the UNFCCC Secretariat by April 15 to meet UNFCCC reporting requirements. (EC)

2.1.12: Track releases of harmful substances under the National Pollutant Release Inventory in accordance with Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999. (EC)

2.1.14: Characterize the impacts of air pollution on ecosystems and wildlife in order to evaluate the impact of regulations and inform regulatory development. (EC)

2.1.15: Using the National Pollutant Release Inventory and other data sources, prepare and submit Air Pollutant Emission Inventory to meet domestic needs and international reporting requirements. (EC)

2.1.17: Begin to deliver scientific information and advice required to better understand the impacts of the oil sands sector on air quality and deposition of atmospheric contaminants into aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. (EC, HC)

2.1.25: Continue to develop, implement and administer emission standards to reduce air pollutants in the major industrial sectors and equipment types. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 1.1.13, 1.1.15, 1.1.16, 1.1.17, 1.1.18, 1.1.19 and 1.1.56 contribute to FSDS Goal 1 - Climate Change, Target 1.1 - Climate Change Mitigation.

Implementation Strategies 2.1.12, 2.1.14, 2.1.15, 2.1.17 and 2.1.25 contribute to FSDS Goal 2 - Air Pollution, Target 2.1 - Outdoor Air Pollutants.

Clean Air Agenda (CAA) Financial Resources:

Sub-Sub-Program 3.2.1.2 - Transportation Sector Emissions

Program Description

This program aims to reduce emissions from transportation sources (vehicles, engines and fuels, including biofuels) through the development, implementation and administration of regulations under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999. Key activities include: development of greenhouse gas (GHG) regulations for vehicles and engines; development of air pollutant regulations for various vehicles, engines and fuels, including biofuels; and implementation and administration of those regulations, including scientific testing and emissions verification to ensure compliance with standards. The program works with Transport Canada to address air pollutant and GHG emissions from maritime shipping, through development of new domestic and international standards, and recommends practices for marine vessels in collaboration with the International Maritime Organization. As well, it shares information and identifies areas of joint interest with provinces and territories toward reducing emissions, through a Mobile Sources Working Group.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

1.1.29: Continue to work with provincial and territorial governments through a Mobile Sources Working Group (MSWG) to develop an action plan to reduce emissions from the mobile sources sector by sharing information and identifying areas of joint interest among jurisdictions, departments and ministries. (EC)

1.1.33: Develop and implement GHG emission regulations for light-duty vehicles (for model years 2017- 2025) and heavy-duty vehicles (for model years 2014-2018) under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, which will align with those of the United States. (EC, TC)

1.1.34: Address GHG emissions from maritime shipping by working with the International Maritime Organization in the development of new international standards and recommended practices for marine vessels, as well as through the implementation of new Canadian regulations, and targeted research and development. (EC, TC)

2.1.21: Address air pollutant emissions from maritime shipping by working with the International Maritime Organization in the development of new international standards and recommended practices for marine vessels, as well as through the implementation of new Canadian regulations, and targeted research and development. (EC, TC)

2.1.24: Continue to develop, implement and administer emission standards to reduce air pollutants in the transportation sector. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 1.1.29, 1.1.33, and 1.1.34 contribute to FSDS Goal 1 - Climate Change, Target 1.1 - Climate Change Mitigation.

Implementation Strategies 2.1.21 and 2.1.24 contribute to FSDS Goal 2 - air pollution, Target 2.1 - outdoor air pollutants.

Clean Air Agenda (CAA) Financial Resources:

Sub-Program 3.2.2 - International Climate Change and Clean Air Partnerships

Program Description

This program leads the development and implementation of bilateral and international agreements to address air pollutants and global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and coordinates Canada’s policy, negotiating positions and participation in relevant international fora. The program leads and participates in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and complementary international processes to negotiate a comprehensive, binding international climate change agreement. It also leads Canada’s participation in international fora, notably the Climate and Clean Air Coalition to Reduce Short Lived Climate Pollutants, the Arctic Council, and the Global Methane Initiative. The program meets international obligations by contributing to organizations such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research, and works under the Canada-U.S. Air Quality Agreement to manage transboundary air pollution. It works to implement the U.S.-Canada Clean Energy Dialogue to support bilateral collaboration on clean energy priorities, as well as with the Commission for Environmental Cooperation to address common issues related to climate change and air quality. The program also participates in the negotiation and implementation of the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution. Using pollutant data for air and GHG emissions, the program supports Canada in meeting international reporting requirements. It coordinates Canada’s participation under the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer and its Multilateral Fund, towards the gradual elimination of ozone-depleting substances at a global level. The program supports, in cooperation with other departments and in alignment with international programs, implementation of domestic and international commitments regarding climate change.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

1.1.49: Lead Government of Canada participation in international negotiations at the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) on climate change for a post-2020 climate change agreement. (EC)

1.1.50: Work to implement Canada’s commitments concluded in international climate change negotiations such as mitigation targets and actions; short-and long-term financing; mechanisms for technology and reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation; adaptation actions; and provisions for transparency and accountability of climate change actions. (EC, NRCan)

1.1.52: Support Canada’s participation in multilateral fora outside of the UNFCCC and ensure that Canada’s international climate change objectives are advanced in international meetings including addressing short-lived climate pollutants (e.g. Climate and Clean Air Coalition, Global Methane Initiative and Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, Major Economies Forum and Arctic Council). (AAFC, EC)

1.1.53: Ensure that Canada’s international climate change objectives related to energy and clean technology are advanced in international meetings (e.g. Canada-U.S. Clean Energy Dialogue, UNFCCC, Clean Energy Ministerial). (EC, NRCan)

1.1.54: Contribute to the overall functioning of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research and their ongoing work to produce policy-relevant scientific information on climate change. (EC)

1.1.55: Work with the U.S. and Mexico under the auspices of the Commission for Environmental Cooperation to address common issues related to climate change and air quality. (EC)

2.1.20: Work with other jurisdictions, including the U.S. under the Canada-U.S. Air Quality Agreement (AQA) to undertake regional and international efforts to manage transboundary air pollution of concern for Canadians and their environment. This includes work towards the completion of the necessary scientific, technical and regulatory foundations required for the consideration of a Particulate Matter Annex under the AQA. (EC, HC)

2.1.28: Continue to promote a North American proposal to phase-down emissions of hydrofluorocarbons under the Montreal Protocol and develop complementary domestic regulations where appropriate. (EC)

2.1.30: Revise domestic ozone-depleting substances regulations in support of the Montreal Protocol commitment to accelerate the phase-out of hydrochlorofluorocarbons. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 1.1.49, 1.1.50, 1.1.52, 1.1.53, 1.1.54 and 1.1.55 contribute to FSDS Goal 1 - Climate Change, Target 1.1 - Climate Change Mitigation.

Implementation Strategies 2.1.20, 2.1.28 and 2.1.30 contribute to FSDS Goal 2 - air pollution, Target 2.1 - outdoor air pollutants.

Clean Air Agenda (CAA) Financial Resources:

Sub-Program 3.2.3 - Environmental Technology

Program Description

This program supports scientific assessments of the impacts of technologies on Canada’s natural environment, and contributes program management to the Government of Canada’s clean air and greenhouse gas technology investment decisions, policy making and regulations. It oversees the operations of Sustainable Development Technology Canada (with Natural Resources Canada) and other science and technology programs aimed at advancing clean technology. It provides expert analysis and assessment of clean technologies to address government priorities regarding clean air, climate change mitigation and green infrastructure.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

1.1.2 and 2.1.9: Provide analysis and assessments of the environmental performance of new and emerging technologies, and contribute to the oversight of programs, such as Sustainable Development Technology Canada, that advance clean technologies. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategy 1.1.2 contributes to FSDS Goal 1 - Climate Change, Target 1.1 - Climate Change Mitigation.

Implementation Strategy 2.1.9 contributes to FSDS Goal 2 - air pollutants, Target 2.1 - outdoor air pollutants.

Program 3.3 - Compliance Promotion and Enforcement -- Pollution

Program Description

This program contributes to minimizing damage and threats to the natural environment and biodiversity through the promotion and enforcement of legislation administered by Environment Canada. Activities focus on pollution, including the release of toxic substances to air, water or land, and the import and export of hazardous waste that presents a risk to the environment and/or human health. The program maintains a contingent of compliance promotion and enforcement officers. Compliance promotion officers deliver activities to increase regulatees’ awareness, understanding and compliance with regulations and other risk management instruments under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 and Fisheries Act, with the goal of increasing effectiveness in achieving desired environmental results. Compliance promotion officers also provide information on risk management instrument requirements, the benefits of compliance and the potential penalties of non-compliance, when applicable. Enforcement officers gather intelligence, conduct inspections to verify compliance with laws and regulations, and pursue investigations to take appropriate enforcement measures against offenders. The program works with the United States and Mexico through the Commission for Environmental Cooperation, to strengthen transboundary environmental enforcement. It provides officer training and information management systems for new regulations and administration, and is informed by scientific analyses and expertise, including science advice to support compliance promotion and enforcement actions.

2013-16 FSDS Implementation Strategies:

2.1.10: Work with the U.S. and Mexico under the auspices of the Commission for Environmental Cooperation to strengthen environmental enforcement. (EC)

2.1.29 & 4.8.10: Deliver compliance promotion activities for key regulatory initiatives. (EC)

2015-16 Performance Measurement Framework

Planned contributions and expected results for 2015-16:

For planned contributions and expected results on these Implementation Strategies, please refer to the Planning Highlights section of the corresponding PAA program in the 2015-16 Report on Plans and Priorities.

Implementation Strategies 2.1.10 and 2.1.29 contribute to FSDS Goal 2 - Air Pollutants, Target 2.1 - Outdoor Air Pollutants.

Implementation Strategy 4.8.10 contributes to FSDS Goal 4 - Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians, Target 4.8 - Chemicals Management.

Clean Air Agenda (CAA) Financial Resources: