1. Introduction

This report presents the results of the Evaluation of the Adaptation Theme of Canada’s Clean Air Agenda (CAA), which was conducted by Environment and Climate Change Canada’s (ECCC’s) Audit and Evaluation Branch, in collaboration with the other eight federal departments that deliver the 10 program elements of the Adaptation Theme. The evaluation was identified in ECCC’s 2014 Departmental Risk-Based Audit and Evaluation Plan.  It was conducted in order to meet commitments to evaluate the initiative, as well as to respond to the Treasury Board Policy on Evaluation requirement that all direct program spending be evaluated at least once every five years.