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Wood preservation facilities, ammoniacal copper zinc arsenate: chapter C, table 4

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Table 4. Potential Health Effects of Exposure to ACZA

    Possible health effectsFootnoteaFootnotebFootnotecFootnotedFootnotee
Exposure Category (Route of Entry) Type of exposure Short-term exposure Long-term exposure
Estimated daily intake from various sources (air, water, food) with limited to no heath effect Footnotea
  • Arsenic (found in foods, especially seafood, i.e., (organic arsenic)
 0.042 mg/day    
  • Copper (an essential element)
 2.47 mg/day    
  • Ammonia (mostly through food)
 18.6 mg/day    
  • Zinc (mostly through food)
 13.0-16.1 mg/day    
Eye contactFootnoteb Eye contact with work solutions or concentrates
  • Eye damage
  • Irritation,
  • Ulceration
  • Not applicable
Skin contact Skin contact with work solutions or concentrates
  • Skin irritation, burns
  • Inflammation
  • Peripheral neuropathy
  • Ulceration
  • Potential carcinogenic action
Exposure to contaminated aerosols or dustsFootnoteb Inhalation of mists, droplets or aerosols of work solutions or concentrates
  • Severe irritation of nose and throat
  • Potential carcinogenic action
Ammonium Hydroxide (see table 4.1)    
Copper Oxide TLV(e)-time weighted averages (TWA): 1.0 mg/m3 air    
Arsenic Acid TLVFootnotee-time weighted averages (TWA)*: 0.01 mg As/m3 air
TWA for arsine: 0.2 mg/m3 of air (0.05 ppm)		    
Zinc TLVFootnotee-time weighted averages (TWA): zinc oxide (dust): 10 mg/m3    
Ingestion Ingestion of work solutions or concentrates
  • Nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, shock, coma
  • Death may occur if the absorbed amount of solution contains more than 130 mg arsenic or ammonia
  • Possible liver and kidney damage, jaundice, reduced white blood cell count upon long-term exposure to 0.15-0.6 mg arsenic per day
  • Potential carcinogenic action

Table 4.1 Potential Health Effects of Exposure to Ammonium Hydroxide

    Possible health effectsFootnoteaFootnotebFootnotecFootnotedFootnotee
Exposure category Type of exposure Short-term exposure Longer-term exposure
Eye contact(b) Eye contact is very dangerous with 28% solutions
  • Cornea can be perforated
  • Not applicable
Skin contact
  • Single contact
  • Contact of several minutes with 28% solutions
  • Skin irritation
  • Can cause corrosive damage
  • Not applicable

Exposure to vapour, to airborne contaminant or dust

N.B. Evaporation of the substance at 20°C

Inhalation of vapours

TLV(e)-time weighted averages (TWA): 18 mg/m3 air (25 ppm)
  • Severe irritation of nose and throat at 400 ppm Irritation of eyes at 700 ppm
  • At high concentration: laryngeal oedema, inflammation of the respiratory tract and pneumoniaFootnoteb

TLVFootnoteeFootnotef-short-term exposure limit (STEL): 24 mg/m3(35 ppm)

Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs) (as NH3) Footnoted

  • An MRL of 1.7 ppm has been derived for acute-duration inhalation exposure (≤14 days).

Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs) (as NH3) Footnoted

  • No MRL was derived for intermediate duration (15-364 days).
  • An MRL of 0.2 ppm has been derived for chronic-duration inhalation exposure
  • (≥1 year).
   
  • Convulsive coughing at 1720 ppm
    May be fatal after 0.5-hour exposure
  • Not applicable
   
  • Respiratory spasm and asphyxia at 5000 to 10 000 ppm
    Rapidly fatal for exposure causing these symptoms
  • Not applicable
Ingestion Ingestion of work solutions or concentrates
  • Nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, shock, coma
  • Death may occur from ingestion of more than 30 mL (1 oz.) of 25% solution
  • Not applicable
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2017-09-10