Enhanced Fujita scale damage indicators and degrees of damage, chapter 16
Junior and Senior High Schools (JHSH)
Typical Construction:
- Generally large one- or two-storey buildings with flat roofs; may contain gymnasiums, cafeteria and auditorium with large structural spans; may have a basement
- Classroom wings have interior hallways with bearing or non-bearing interior walls
- BUR or single-ply membrane roof covering with or without gravel; structural system may consist of an all steel structure or an all reinforced concrete structure or a combination of both
- Roof structure may be light steel construction with open web joists supported on steel beams; corrugated metal roof deck with rigid insulation or poured gypsum deck
- Exterior walls constructed of concrete or clay blocks with brick veneer, stucco or EIFS; metal and glass curtain walls; walls may have more than 30% windows
DOD | Damage Description | EXP* | LB* | UB* |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Threshold of visible damage | 110 | 90 | 135 |
2 | Loss of roof covering (up to 20%) | 125 | 105 | 160 |
3 | Broken windows | 140 | 115 | 170 |
4 | Exterior door failures | 165 | 135 | 195 |
5 | Uplift of metal roof decking; significant loss of roofing material (more than 20%); loss of rooftop HVAC | 165 | 135 | 190 |
6 | Damage to or loss of wall cladding | 175 | 150 | 205 |
7 | Collapse of tall masonry walls at gym, cafeteria or auditorium | 185 | 150 | 220 |
8 | Uplift or collapse of light steel roof structure | 200 | 175 | 240 |
9 | Collapse of exterior walls in top floor | 225 | 195 | 245 |
10 | Most interior walls of top floor collapsed | 255 | 215 | 300 |
11 | Complete destruction of all or a large section of building | 310 | 260 | 360 |
*All wind speeds in km/h
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