Conditional Release and Performance

Official Title: Performance Monitoring Report 2022-2023, Conditional Release and Performance - Full Parole
From: Parole Board of Canada

Full Parole

Table 86-118

Full parole is a type of conditional release which allows the offender to serve the remainder of their sentence under supervision in the community.

As noted in the previous section, on March 28, 2011, Bill C-59 eliminated the APR process, which resulted in fewer day and full parole decisions in 2011-12, for offenders serving sentences for schedule II and non-scheduled offences, who in previous fiscal years would have been eligible for an APR review. The number of reviews for these offenders rebounded in the following two years, resulting in an increase in the number of full parole release decisions rendered by the Board.

Following the Canada (Attorney General) v. Whaling decision on March 20, 2014, accelerated parole review was reinstated across the other regions for offenders who were sentenced prior to March 28, 2011. In 2015-16 and 2016-17, in some provinces, workload increased additionally due to cases of APR-eligible offenders who committed their offences prior to the abolition of the APR legislation and were sentenced after March 28, 2011, following provincial court challenges (Quebec in 2016, Ontario in 2015, Manitoba in 2015, Alberta in 2015, British Columbia in 2014).

• Compared to the previous fiscal year, in 2022-23:
  • The number of federal full parole release decisions rendered increased to 4,003 (+6%). The total included 19 full parole release decisions following an APR.
  • The number of federal full parole release decisions rendered by the Board increased in the Quebec (+33%) and Prairie (+7%) regions and decreased in the Atlantic (-6%) Ontario (-3%), and Pacific (-6%) regions.
  • The Board rendered fewer provincial full parole release decisions (224; -19%)
  • The numbers of provincial decisions rendered decreased in the Atlantic (-44%), Prairie (-6%), and Pacific (-5%) regions.
  • The number of federal full parole release decisions following an EAH/CAH increased to 306 (+34%). The greatest proportion of these decisions was recorded in the Prairie region (52%).
• In 2022-23:
  • The proportion of sentence served prior to first federal full parole release for federal offenders serving a sentence for violent offences (47%) is slightly higher than for offenders serving a sentence for non-violent offences (45%). This trend can also be observed over the last five-fiscal year period.
  • Indigenous and Black offenders served a slightly greater proportion of their sentences prior to their first federal full parole release (47%), when compared to Caucasian offenders (46%), and Asian or the ‘Other’ race group of offenders (45%).
  • Men offenders served a slightly higher proportion of their sentences before being released on their first federal full parole (46%) than women offenders (44%).

Figure 27. Full Parole Grant Rates

• Compared to the previous fiscal year, in 2022-23:
  • The federal full parole grant rate (regular and APR) remained stable (31%). The federal regular full parole grant rate was 30% and the federal APR grant rate was 100%.
  • The provincial full parole grant rate remained stable 29% (+0.5%).
  • The federal full parole grant rate increased in the Atlantic (to 47%; +3.0%) and Prairie (to 29%; +3.0%) regions and decreased in the Ontario (to 33%; -2.5%), and Pacific (to 20%; -3.1%) regions. It remained stable in the Quebec region (28%; -0.3%).
  • The federal full parole grant rate remained stable for offenders serving sentences for violent offences (27%; +0.5%) and offenders serving sentences for non-violent offences (37%; -0.7%).
  • The number of residency conditions imposed on federal full parole increased by three (from 101 to 104).
• Over the last five fiscal years:
  • The full parole grant rate was higher for federal offenders serving sentences for non-violent offences (42%) than for federal offenders serving sentences for violent offences (30%).
  • Similarly, the full parole grant rate was higher for provincial offenders serving sentences for non-violent offences (36%) than for provincial offenders serving sentences for violent offences (32%).
  • Indigenous offenders reported the lowest federal full parole grant rate (24%), followed by both Black and Caucasian offenders (37%), while Asian offenders reported the highest rate (48%).
  • Black provincial offenders reported the lowest full parole grant rate (17%), while provincial offenders in the category ‘Other’ race group reported the highest rate (54%).
  • Women offenders reported a higher federal and provincial full parole grant rate (48% and 37%) than men offenders (34% for both).
• In 2022-23:
  • Federal offenders with determinate sentences accounted for 89% of all full parole grants (with a grant rate of 34%).
  • Lifers accounted for 10% of all full parole grants (with a grant rate of 27%).
  • Seven offenders serving other indeterminate sentences (0.6%) were granted federal full parole (with a grant rate of 3%).
  • 104 residency conditions were imposed on federal full parole (regular and APR). The Quebec region accounted for most (41%) of the decisions to impose a residency condition on full parole, followed by the Ontario region at 22%, while the Atlantic region accounted for the least (10%).

Outcome of Full Parole Supervision Periods

Outcome of full parole is measured separately for offenders serving determinate sentences and for offenders serving indeterminate sentences. Indeterminate sentences are only considered ‘successful completions’ for statistical purposes when the offender is deceased. For this reason, these cases are shown separately from those of offenders serving determinate sentences. Note that ‘successful completion(s)’ consist of completed supervision periods without any breaches of special conditions or re-offending.

Federal Full Parole: Determinate Sentences

Figure 28. Outcome Rates of Federal Full Parole Supervision Periods for Offenders with Determinate Sentences

• Compared to the previous fiscal year, in 2022-23:
  • The successful completion rate of federal full parole for offenders serving determinate sentences remained stable at 87.8% (-0.4 percentage point).
  • The successful completion rate of federal full parole increased in the Quebec (to 92.8%; +2.8 percentage points) and Pacific (to 94.4%; +5.3 percentage points) regions and decreased in the Ontario (to 86.6%; -2.7 percentage points), and Prairie (to 88.3%; -1.0 percentage point) regions. It remained stable in the Atlantic region (to 80.4%; -0.8 percentage point).
  • The revocation for breach of condition rate of federal full parole for offenders serving determinate sentences remained stable (9.7%; +0.4 percentage point), in keeping with the trend for the last five fiscal years (average rate of 9.2%).
  • The revocation with offence rate of federal full parole for offenders serving determinate sentences also remained stable at 2.5%.
• Over the last five fiscal years:
  • The successful completion rate of federal full parole for non-violent offenders released on federal regular full parole was 89.5% and the rate for those non-violent offenders released on APR full parole was 94.8%.
  • Offenders serving sentences for non‑violent offences reported the highest successful completion rate of federal full parole at 90.2%, while the rate for offenders serving sentences for violent offences was 85.0%.
  • Indigenous offenders reported the lowest successful completion rate of federal full parole (81.4%), followed by Black offenders (85.8%), while Asian offenders reported the highest rate (92.6%).
  • Women offenders had a slightly higher successful completion rate of federal full parole (88.8%) than men (87.8%).
  • The total revocation with offence rate of federal full parole was on average 2.9%.
  • The rate of violent reoffending of federal full parole has been relatively low, averaging 1.7%. Offenders serving sentences for violent offences accounted for 96% of all revocations with a violent offence of federal full parole (44 out of 46).
  • The national revocation with violent offence rate on full parole was 0.7%; regionally, the Atlantic region reported the highest rate (1.4%), while the Pacific region reported the lowest rate (0.4%). Note, the same regional trend can be observed for total revocations with offence (5.2% (ATL); 1.4% (PAC)).
  • Indigenous offenders reported the highest revocation with a violent offence rate of federal full parole (1.6%), followed by Black offenders (0.8%), while Asian offenders reported the lowest rate (0.2%)
  • Three women offenders serving a determinate sentence on federal full parole had their supervision period revoked because of violent offences in comparison to 43 men offenders.

Federal Full Parole: Indeterminate Sentences

Reporting on outcomes of federal full parole supervision periods for offenders serving indeterminate sentences includes the tracking of supervision periods in the last 25 fiscal years (1998-99 to 2022-23) based on the start date.

• In the last 25 fiscal years:
  • 2,727 offenders serving indeterminate sentences have been released on full parole, completing a total of 2,526 supervision periods.
  • the average length of federal full parole supervision periods for offenders serving indeterminate sentences has been 7.9 years.
• As of April 9, 2023, 57% of the supervision periods were still active (supervised), 4% of the supervision periods that were active were for offenders who had been deported or extradited, 16% had ended because the offender died while on parole, 16% were revoked for a breach of condition, 5% were revoked as the result of non‑violent offences, and 2% were revoked as the result of violent offences.

• Over the last 25 years:
  • offenders serving indeterminate sentences on full parole were 2.4 times more likely to have successfully completed their supervision periods than being revoked for having committed a new offence.
  • offenders serving indeterminate sentences on full parole were 8.5 times more likely to have successfully completed their supervision periods than being revoked for having committed a violent offence. The rate increases for those offenders who were on full parole for over five years (11.3).

Figure 30. Comparison of Revocation Rates of Federal Full Parole Supervision Periods (between 1998-99 and 2022-23)

Note: Due to the nature of indeterminate sentences, outcomes of supervision periods for indeterminate offenders are based on start dates and outcomes for determinate offenders are based on end dates.

• Compared to offenders serving determinate sentences on full parole, offenders serving indeterminate sentences on full parole were more likely to have had their supervision periods revoked because of a breach of condition (16.2% vs. 13.7%) and for being revoked for having committed a new violent offence (1.9% vs. 1.1%).
• However, offenders serving indeterminate sentences on full parole were less likely to have had their supervision periods revoked for having committed a new non-violent offence (4.7% vs. 6.6%) than offenders serving determinate sentences during the same time period.

Provincial Full Parole

• Over the last five fiscal years:
  • the successful completion rate of provincial full parole averaged 91.7%.  
  • provincial offenders serving sentences for violent offences reported a slightly higher successful completion rate (93.0%) than provincial offenders serving sentences for non‑violent offences (90.7%).
  • provincial men and women offenders have similar successful completion rates (91.9% vs. 90.0%).
  • twenty-four (24) provincial men and six provincial women offenders have had their full parole revoked for breach of conditions.
  • no provincial women offenders had their full parole revoked for violent or non-violent offences.
  • only 5 provincial men offenders have had their full parole revoked for offences, of which only one was revoked for violent offences.

Table 86. Full Parole Release Decisions

Fiscal Year	Atlantic		Quebec		Ontario		Prairies		Pacific		Canada
	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.
2018-19	446	55	1,205	1	912	-	1,311	90	397	158	4,270	304
2019-20	478	65	1,056	-	896	-	1,122	77	442	118	3,994	260
2020-21	435	67	980	1	1,203	1	1,292	70	533	91	4,443	230
2021-22	391	52	712	-	988	-	1,019	21	436	106	3,546	179
2022-23	366	29	944	-	957	-	1,086	15	410	101	3,763	145
5-FY Avg.	423	54	979	-	991	-	1,166	55	444	115	4,003	224

Note: The provincial cases in the Quebec and Ontario regions were federal sentences which were completed in less than two years after the sentence was reduced by court order.

Table 87. Full Parole Release Decisions by Regular and APR Review

Fiscal Year	Type	Atlantic		Quebec		Ontario		Prairies		Pacific		Canada
		Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.
2018-19	Regular	445	55	1,183	1	885	-	1,300	90	384	158	4,197	304
	APR	-	-	20	-	25	-	9	-	13	-	67	-
	By exc.	1	-	1	-	2	-	2	-	-	-	6	-
	All	446	55	1,204	1	912	-	1,311	90	397	158	4,270	304
2019-20	Regular	477	65	1,043	-	864	-	1,113	77	432	118	3,929	260
	APR	-	-	12	-	29	-	9	-	10	-	60	-
	By exc.	1	-	1	-	3	-	-	-	-	-	5	-
	All	478	65	1,056	-	896	-	1,122	77	442	118	3,994	260
2020-21	Regular	432	67	972	1	1,173	1	1,283	70	524	91	4,384	230
	APR	-	-	8	-	15	-	7	-	8	-	38	-
	By exc.	3	-	-	-	15	-	2	-	1	-	21	-
	All	435	67	980	1	1,203	1	1,292	70	533	91	4,443	230
2021-22	Regular	390	52	705	-	978	-	1,015	21	431	106	3,519	179
	APR	-	-	6	-	10	-	3	-	4	-	23	-
	By exc.	1	-	1	-	-	-	1	-	1	-	4	-
	All	391	52	712	-	988	-	1,019	21	436	106	3,546	179
2022-23	Regular	366	29	936	-	952	-	1,083	15	407	101	3,744	145
	APR	-	-	8	-	5	-	3	-	3	-	19	-
	By exc.	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	All	366	29	944	-	957	-	1,086	15	410	101	3,763	145

Note: Includes only pre-release decisions to grant/direct or deny/not direct full parole, except APRI not-directed.

Table 88. Full Parole Release Decisions Following an EAH/CAH

Fiscal Year	Atlantic		Quebec		Ontario		Prairies		Pacific		Canada
	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.
2018-19	15	-	46	-	38	-	226	-	44	1	369	1
2019-20	11	-	45	-	19	-	218	-	59	-	352	-
2020-21	10	-	18	-	2	-	3	-	4	-	37	-
2021-22	11	-	27	-	22	-	110	-	58	-	228	-
2022-23	24	-	44	-	24	-	158	-	56	-	306	-
5-FY Avg.	14	-	36	-	21	-	143	-	44	-	258	-

Note: Includes only pre-release decisions to grant/direct or deny/not direct full parole, except APRI not-directed.

Table 89. Average Proportion of Sentence Served at First Federal Full Parole Release by Region (%)

Region	2018-19	2019-20	2020-21	2021-22	2022-23	5-FY Avg.
Atlantic	44	44	43	43	44	43
Quebec	46	46	48	47	47	47
Ontario	43	44	45	46	46	45
Prairies	45	44	46	45	45	45
Pacific	44	44	45	46	44	45
Canada	45	45	46	45	46	45

Note: Excludes those serving indeterminate sentences.

Table 90. Average Proportion of Sentence Served at First Federal Full Parole Release by Offence Type (%)

Offence Type	2018-19	2019-20	2020-21	2021-22	2022-23	5-FY Avg.
Violent	47	47	48	47	47	47
Non-Violent	43	43	44	43	45	44

Note: Excludes those serving indeterminate sentences.

Table 91. Average Proportion of Sentence Served at First Federal Full Parole Release by Race Group (%)

Race Group	2018-19	2019-20	2020-21	2021-22	2022-23	5-FY Avg.
Indigenous	48	47	48	47	47	48
Asian	43	43	42	43	45	43
Black	43	46	45	44	47	45
Caucasian	45	44	45	45	46	45
Other	43	44	46	44	45	44

Note: Excludes those serving indeterminate sentences.

Table 92. Average Proportion of Sentence Served at First Federal Full Parole Release by Gender (%)

Gender	2018-19	2019-20	2020-21	2021-22	2022-23	5-FY Avg.
Men	45	45	46	46	46	45
Women	42	41	43	42	44	42

Note: Excludes those serving indeterminate sentences.

Table 93. Grant Rates of Federal Full Parole

Fiscal Year	Type	Atlantic		Quebec		Ontario		Prairies		Pacific		Canada
		#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%
2018-19	Regular	254	57	391	33	398	45	449	35	110	29	1,602	38
	APR	-	-	20	100	24	96	9	100	13	100	66	99
	By exc.	1	100	1	100	2	100	2	100	-	-	6	100
	All	255	57	412	34	424	46	460	35	123	31	1,674	39
2019-20	Regular	273	57	348	33	400	46	411	37	131	30	1,563	40
	APR	-	-	12	100	29	100	9	100	10	100	60	100
	By exc.	1	100	1	100	2	67	-	-	-	-	4	80
	All	274	57	361	34	431	48	420	37	141	32	1,627	41
2020-21	Regular	215	50	268	28	437	37	373	29	119	23	1,412	32
	APR	-	-	8	100	15	100	6	86	8	100	37	97
	By exc.	2	67	-	-	4	27	2	100	1	100	9	43
	All	217	50	276	28	456	38	381	29	128	24	1,458	33
2021-22	Regular	172	44	197	28	343	35	259	26	99	23	1,070	30
	APR	-	-	6	100	10	100	3	100	4	100	23	100
	By exc.	1	100	1	100	-	-	1	100	-	0	3	75
	All	173	44	204	29	353	36	263	26	103	24	1,096	31
2022-23	Regular	173	47	260	28	313	33	310	29	81	20	1,137	30
	APR	-	-	8	100	5	100	3	100	3	100	19	100
	By exc.	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	All	173	47	268	28	318	33	313	29	84	20	1,156	31

Note: Includes only pre-release decisions to grant/direct or deny/not direct full parole, except APRI not-directed.

Table 94. Grant Rates of Federal Full Parole Following an EAH/CAH

Fiscal Year	Atlantic		Quebec		Ontario		Prairies		Pacific		Canada
	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%
2018-19	6	40	5	11	4	11	33	15	3	7	51	14
2019-20	5	45	4	9	1	5	34	16	2	3	46	13
2020-21	5	50	1	6	0	0	0	0	1	25	7	19
2021-22	1	9	1	4	1	5	5	5	3	5	11	5
2022-23	7	29	0	0	1	4	18	11	2	4	28	9
5-FY Avg.	5	34	3	8	2	8	23	15	2	5	29	11

Note: Includes only pre-release decisions to grant/direct or deny/not direct full parole, except APRI not-directed.

Table 95. Grant Rates of Provincial Full Parole

Fiscal Year	Atlantic		Quebec		Ontario		Prairies		Pacific		Canada
	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%
2018-19	29	53	0	0	-	-	30	33	46	29	105	35
2019-20	35	54	-	-	-	-	34	44	33	28	102	39
2020-21	37	55	0	0	1	100	16	23	29	32	83	36
2021-22	24	46	-	-	-	-	3	14	24	23	51	28
2022-23	12	41	-	-	-	-	1	7	29	29	42	29
5-FY Avg.	29	51	-	-	-	-	17	31	32	28	77	34

Note: The provincial case in Ontario region was a federal sentence, which was completed in less than two years after the sentence was reduced by court order.

Table 96. Grant Rates of Federal and Provincial Full Parole by Offence Type (%)

Fiscal Year	Violent		Non-Violent
	Federal	Provincial	Federal	Provincial
2018-19	34	27	45	41
2019-20	37	39	45	39
2020-21	27	38	42	35
2021-22	27	30	38	26
2022-23	27	29	37	29
5-FY Avg.	30	32	42	36

Table 97. Grant Rates of Federal and Provincial Full Parole by Race Group (%)

Fiscal Year	Indigenous		Asian		Black		Caucasian		Other
	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.	Fed.	Prov.
2018-19	28	28	52	17	39	19	41	36	45	55
2019-20	29	27	50	45	44	33	43	33	49	63
2020-21	23	18	46	46	36	0	34	35	43	54
2021-22	21	13	42	47	34	20	33	37	36	24
2022-23	19	12	47	36	33	33	33	35	33	54
5-FY Avg.	24	20	48	36	37	18	37	35	41	54

Table 98. Grant Rates of Federal and Provincial Full Parole by Gender (%)

Fiscal Year	Men		Women
	Federal	Provincial	Federal	Provincial
2018-19	38	35	49	33
2019-20	39	40	54	30
2020-21	32	35	49	41
2021-22	30	27	44	44
2022-23	30	28	42	40
5-FY Avg.	34	34	48	37

Note: Between 2018-19 and 2022-23 there were 7 federal full parole decisions made in respect of offenders who identified as ‘another gender’.

Table 99. Grant Rates of Federal Full Parole by Sentence Type

Fiscal Year	Determinate		Lifer		Other Indeterminate
	#	%	#	%	#	%
2018-19	1,538	41	134	61	2	1
2019-20	1,474	42	147	63	6	2
2020-21	1,323	36	129	27	6	2
2021-22	959	34	130	28	7	3
2022-23	1,030	34	119	27	7	3
5-FY Avg.	1,265	37	132	36	6	2

Note: Includes only pre-release decisions to grant/direct or deny/not-direct full parole, except APRI not-directed.

Definition: Lifers include those offenders sentenced to life as a minimum sentence or life as a maximum sentence. Other indeterminate includes dangerous offenders, dangerous sexual offenders, habitual criminals, and those offenders who are on Lieutenant Governor Warrants.

Table 100. Residency Conditions of Federal Full Parole by Regular and APR

Type	Fiscal Year	Pre-Release		Post-Release			Total
		Imposed	Cancelled	Imposed	Prolonged	Removed
Regular	2018-19	36	1	57	2	13	94
	2019-20	39	-	61	6	8	106
	2020-21	44	1	57	5	24	105
	2021-22	25	-	74	1	19	100
	2022-23	18	-	78	7	9	103
APR	2018-19	6	-	3	-	5	9
	2019-20	3	-	-	-	2	3
	2020-21	1	1	2	-	2	2
	2021-22	-	1	1	-	-	1
	2022-23	-	1	1	-	-	1
All full parole	2018-19	42	1	60	2	18	103
	2019-20	42	-	61	6	10	109
	2020-21	45	2	59	5	26	107
	2021-22	25	-	75	1	19	101
	2022-23	18	-	79	7	9	104

Note: Total = (pre-release imposed - cancelled) + (post-release imposed + prolonged).

Table 101. Residency Conditions of Federal Full Parole by Region

Fiscal Year	Region	Pre-Release		Post-Release
		Imposed	Cancelled	Imposed	Prolonged	Removed
2018-19	Atlantic	8	1	7	-	3
	Quebec	21	-	37	2	1
	Ontario	-	-	4	-	5
	Prairies	8	-	3	-	4
	Pacific	5	-	9	-	5
	Canada	42	1	60	2	18
2019-20	Atlantic	21	-	11	-	1
	Quebec	6	-	27	6	2
	Ontario	4	-	8	-	3
	Prairies	7	-	2	-	1
	Pacific	4	-	13	-	3
	Canada	42	-	61	6	10
2020-21	Atlantic	19	1	18	-	5
	Quebec	9	-	22	5	1
	Ontario	8	1	5	-	8
	Prairies	5	-	7	-	2
	Pacific	4	-	8	-	10
	Canada	45	2	60	5	26
2021-22	Atlantic	9	-	10	1	5
	Quebec	2	-	39	-	2
	Ontario	5	-	9	-	5
	Prairies	2	-	5	-	3
	Pacific	7	-	12	-	4
	Canada	25	-	75	1	19
2022-23	Atlantic	2	-	7	1	1
	Quebec	4	-	33	6	3
	Ontario	6	-	17	-	3
	Prairies	3	-	10	-	2
	Pacific	3	-	12	-	-
	Canada	18	-	79	7	9

Table 102. Residency Conditions of Federal Full Parole Recommended by CSC (%)

Fiscal Year	Atlantic	Quebec	Ontario	Prairies	Pacific	Canada
2018-19	67	66	0	45	79	63
2019-20	56	76	50	22	59	59
2020-21	54	74	54	42	92	63
2021-22	79	78	57	14	63	68
2022-23	22	65	43	38	47	49
5-FY Avg.	58	71	47	35	66	61

Note: This percentage is calculated by dividing the number of residency conditions recommended by CSC and which were imposed by the Board by the total number of residency conditions imposed by the Board.

Table 103. Residency Conditions of Federal Full Parole Concordance with CSC (%)

Fiscal Year	Atlantic	Quebec	Ontario	Prairies	Pacific	Canada
2018-19	83	84	0	83	85	83
2019-20	82	100	100	50	83	88
2020-21	100	92	100	71	92	93
2021-22	94	100	89	100	100	97
2022-23	50	92	91	83	100	89
5-FY Avg.	88	93	91	75	91	90

Note: The concordance rate is calculated by dividing the number of residency conditions imposed by the Board which were recommended by CSC by the number of residency conditions recommended by CSC.

Outcome Rates of Full Parole Supervision Periods

Federal Full Parole: Determinate Sentences

Table 104. Outcome Rates of Full Parole with Determinate Sentences

Outcome	2018-19		2019-20		2020-21		2021-22		2022-23
	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%
Successful completions	1,177	87.7	1,274	87.9	1,273	88.1	1,254	88.2	996	87.8
Revoked for breach of conditions	125	9.3	127	8.8	128	8.9	132	9.3	110	9.7
Revoked for non-violent offences	30	2.2	37	2.6	37	2.6	25	1.8	21	1.9
Revoked for violent offences	10	0.7	12	0.8	7	0.5	10	0.7	7	0.6
Total revocations with offence	40	3.0	49	3.4	44	3.0	35	2.5	28	2.5
Total completions	1,342	100	1,450	100	1,445	100	1,421	100	1,134	100

Table 105. Outcome Rates of Federal Full Parole with Determinate Sentences by Regular and APR

Fiscal Year	Type	Successful Completion		Revoked for Breach of Conditions		Revocations with Offence				Total Revocations with Offence		Total Completions
						Non-Violent		Violent
		#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#
2018-19	Regular	1,063	86.9	121	9.9	29	2.4	10	0.8	39	3.2	1,223
	APR	114	95.8	4	3.4	1	0.8	0	0.0	1	0.8	119
2019-20	Regular	1,170	87.6	120	9.0	36	2.7	10	0.7	46	3.4	1,336
	APR	104	91.2	7	6.1	1	0.9	2	1.8	3	2.6	114
2020-21	Regular	1,176	87.6	123	9.2	37	2.8	6	0.4	43	3.2	1,342
	APR	97	94.2	5	4.9	0	0.0	1	1.0	1	1.0	103
2021-22	Regular	1,171	87.8	128	9.6	25	1.9	10	0.7	35	2.6	1,334
	APR	83	95.4	4	4.6	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	87
2022-23	Regular	936	87.4	108	10.1	20	1.9	7	0.7	27	2.5	1,071
	APR	60	95.2	2	3.2	1	1.6	0	0.0	1	1.6	63

Table 106. Outcome Rates of Federal Full Parole with Determinate Sentences for Non-Violent Offences by Regular and APR (from 2018-19 to 2022-23)

Outcome	Regular		APR
	#	%	#	%
Successful completions	3,288	89.5	453	94.8
Revoked for breach of conditions	299	8.1	22	4.6
Revoked for non-violent offences	85	2.3	3	0.6
Revoked for violent offences	2	0.1	0	0.0
Total revocations with offence	87	2.4	3	0.6
Total completions	3,674	100	478	100

Table 107. Outcome Rates of Federal Full Parole with Determinate Sentences by Region

Fiscal Year	Region	Successful Completion		Revoked for Breach of Conditions		Revocations with Offence				Total Revocations with Offence		Total Completions
						Non-Violent		Violent
		#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#
2018-19	Atlantic	163	79.5	33	16.1	6	2.9	3	1.5	9	4.4	205
	Quebec	328	94.0	14	4.0	5	1.4	2	0.6	7	2.0	349
	Ontario	312	88.6	31	8.8	7	2.0	2	0.6	9	2.6	352
	Prairie	287	84.4	40	11.8	11	3.2	2	0.6	13	3.8	340
	Pacific	87	90.6	7	7.3	1	1.0	1	1.0	2	2.1	96
2019-20	Atlantic	214	84.3	29	11.4	8	3.1	3	1.2	11	4.3	254
	Quebec	370	91.8	23	5.7	8	2.0	2	0.5	10	2.5	403
	Ontario	329	90.1	27	7.4	6	1.6	3	0.8	9	2.5	365
	Prairie	283	85.2	33	9.9	13	3.9	3	0.9	16	4.8	332
	Pacific	78	81.3	15	15.6	2	2.1	1	1.0	3	3.1	96
2020-21	Atlantic	219	84.9	24	9.3	13	5.0	2	0.8	15	5.8	258
	Quebec	312	90.4	24	7.0	7	2.0	2	0.6	9	2.6	345
	Ontario	308	89.5	29	8.4	5	1.5	2	0.6	7	2.0	344
	Prairie	338	86.2	42	10.7	11	2.8	1	0.3	12	3.1	392
	Pacific	96	90.6	9	8.5	1	0.9	0	0.0	1	0.9	106
2021-22	Atlantic	169	81.3	29	13.9	7	3.4	3	1.4	10	4.8	208
	Quebec	295	89.9	30	9.1	1	0.3	2	0.6	3	0.9	328
	Ontario	352	89.3	30	7.6	10	2.5	2	0.5	12	3.0	394
	Prairie	348	89.2	33	8.5	6	1.5	3	0.8	9	2.3	390
	Pacific	90	89.1	10	9.9	1	1.0	0	0.0	1	1.0	101
2022-23	Atlantic	144	80.4	23	12.8	8	4.5	4	2.2	12	6.7	179
	Quebec	192	92.8	12	5.8	2	1.0	1	0.5	3	1.4	207
	Ontario	304	86.6	40	11.4	6	1.7	1	0.3	7	2.0	351
	Prairie	271	88.3	30	9.8	5	1.6	1	0.3	6	2.0	307
	Pacific	85	94.4	5	5.6	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	90

Table 108. Outcome Rates of Federal Full Parole with Determinate Sentences by Offence Type (%)

Fiscal Year	Offence Type	Successful Completion		Revoked for Breach of Conditions		Revocations with Offence				Total Revocations with Offence		Total Completions
						Non-Violent		Violent
		#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#
2018-19	Violent	359	83.1	51	11.8	12	2.8	10	2.3	22	5.1	432
	Non-Violent	818	89.9	74	8.1	18	2.0	0	0.0	18	2.0	910
2019-20	Violent	449	84.1	67	12.5	8	1.5	10	1.9	18	3.4	534
	Non-Violent	825	90.1	60	6.6	29	3.2	2	0.2	31	3.4	916
2020-21	Violent	481	84.8	58	10.2	21	3.7	7	1.2	28	4.9	567
	Non-Violent	792	90.2	70	8.0	16	1.8	0	0.0	16	1.8	878
2021-22	Violent	508	85.5	66	11.1	10	1.7	10	1.7	20	3.4	594
	Non-Violent	746	90.2	66	8.0	15	1.8	0	0.0	15	1.8	827
2022-23	Violent	436	85.0	59	11.5	11	2.1	7	1.4	18	3.5	513
	Non-Violent	560	90.2	51	8.2	10	1.6	0	0.0	10	1.6	621

Table 109. Outcome Rates of Federal Full Parole with Determinate Sentences by Race Group

Fiscal Year	Race Group	Successful Completion		Revoked for Breach of Conditions		Revocations with Offence				Total Revocations with Offence		Total Completions
						Non-Violent		Violent
		#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#
2018-19	Indigenous	110	78.0	24	17.0	4	2.8	3	2.1	7	5.0	141
	Asian	118	93.7	6	4.8	1	0.8	1	0.8	2	1.6	126
	Black	96	90.6	8	7.5	2	1.9	0	0.0	2	1.9	106
	Caucasian	759	88.5	76	8.9	18	2.1	5	0.6	23	2.7	858
	Other	94	84.7	11	9.9	5	4.5	1	0.9	6	5.4	111
2019-20	Indigenous	122	77.7	27	17.2	7	4.5	1	0.6	8	5.1	157
	Asian	101	93.5	6	5.6	1	0.9	0	0.0	1	0.9	108
	Black	107	83.6	14	10.9	4	3.1	3	2.3	7	5.5	128
	Caucasian	850	89.0	73	7.6	24	2.5	8	0.8	32	3.4	955
	Other	94	92.2	7	6.9	1	1.0	0	0.0	1	1.0	102
2020-21	Indigenous	151	79.5	28	14.7	9	4.7	2	1.1	11	5.8	190
	Asian	109	92.4	8	6.8	1	0.8	0	0.0	1	0.8	118
	Black	115	91.3	9	7.1	1	0.8	1	0.8	2	1.6	126
	Caucasian	784	88.3	76	8.6	25	2.8	3	0.3	28	3.2	888
	Other	114	92.7	7	5.7	1	0.8	1	0.8	2	1.6	123
2021-22	Indigenous	164	84.5	21	10.8	5	2.6	4	2.1	9	4.6	194
	Asian	114	93.4	7	5.7	1	0.8	0	0.0	1	0.8	122
	Black	103	80.5	21	16.4	3	2.3	1	0.8	4	3.1	128
	Caucasian	764	89.3	73	8.5	14	1.6	5	0.6	19	2.2	856
	Other	109	90.1	10	8.3	2	1.7	0	0.0	2	1.7	121
2022-23	Indigenous	112	87.5	9	7.0	4	3.1	3	2.3	7	5.5	128
	Asian	107	89.9	11	9.2	1	0.8	0	0.0	1	0.8	119
	Black	100	84.0	17	14.3	2	1.7	0	0.0	2	1.7	119
	Caucasian	607	88.0	66	9.6	13	1.9	4	0.6	17	2.5	690
	Other	70	89.7	7	9.0	1	1.3	0	0.0	1	1.3	78

Table 110. Outcome Rates of Federal Full Parole with Determinate Sentences by Gender

Fiscal Year	Gender	Successful Completion		Revoked for Breach of Conditions		Revocations with Offence				Total Revocations with Offence		Total Completions
						Non-Violent		Violent
		#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#
2018-19	Men	1,035	87.6	112	9.5	26	2.2	9	0.8	35	3.0	1,182
	Women	142	88.8	13	8.1	4	2.5	1	0.6	5	3.1	160
2019-20	Men	1,134	87.6	118	9.1	31	2.4	12	0.9	43	3.3	1,295
	Women	140	90.3	9	5.8	6	3.9	0	0.0	6	3.9	155
2020-21	Men	1,133	88.8	105	8.2	32	2.5	6	0.5	38	3.0	1,276
	Women	140	82.8	23	13.6	5	3.0	1	0.6	6	3.6	169
2021-22	Men	1,105	87.9	120	9.5	22	1.8	10	0.8	32	2.5	1,257
	Women	149	90.9	12	7.3	3	1.8	0	0.0	3	1.8	164
2022-23	Men	875	87.2	101	10.1	21	2.1	6	0.6	27	2.7	1,003
	Women	121	92.4	9	6.9	0	0.0	1	0.8	1	0.8	131

Federal Full Parole: Indeterminate Sentences

Table 111. Outcome of Full Parole for Offenders with Indeterminate Sentences (between April 1, 1998 and March 31, 2023)

Time Under Supervision	Still Supervised*		Successful Completion		Revocations for Breach of Conditions		Revocations with Non-Violent Offence		Revocations with Violent Offence		Total
	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%
0-3 mths	26	1.6	32	7.4	7	1.6	1	0.8	0	0.0	66	2.4
>3-6 mths	34	2.0	22	5.1	15	3.4	2	1.6	2	3.9	75	2.8
>6 mths-1 yr	58	3.5	33	7.7	47	10.7	8	6.3	4	7.8	150	5.5
>1-2 yrs	130	7.8	44	10.2	88	20.0	24	18.8	7	13.7	293	10.7
>2-3 yrs	111	6.6	30	7.0	66	15.0	20	15.6	10	19.6	237	8.7
>3-4 yrs	130	7.8	32	7.4	60	13.6	13	10.2	4	7.8	239	8.8
>4-5 yrs	96	5.7	34	7.9	28	6.3	17	13.3	6	11.8	181	6.6
>5-10 yrs	378	22.6	95	22.0	95	21.5	32	25.0	12	23.5	612	22.4
>10-15 yrs	259	15.5	58	13.5	26	5.9	9	7.0	5	9.8	357	13.1
>15 yrs	454	27.1	51	11.8	9	2.0	2	1.6	1	2.0	517	19.0
Total	1,676	100	431	100	441	100	128	100	51	100	2,727	100
Average length of full parole (yrs)	9.7		6.5		4.1		4.5		4.6		7.9

*Includes offenders who were deported/extradited following their release on full parole.

Note: Offenders serving indeterminate sentences do not have a warrant expiry date and can only successfully complete full parole upon their death.

Table 112. Full Parole Revocation Rates for Offenders with Indeterminate Sentences (between April 1, 1998 and March 31, 2023)

Time Under Supervision	Population		Total Revocations		Revocations with Offence
	Total Population*	Currently on Full Parole*	Revocations for Breach of Conditions and with Offence		Total Revocations with Offence		Revocations with Violent Offence
	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%
>15 years	517	87.8	12	2.3	3	0.6	1	0.2
>10 years	874	81.6	52	5.9	17	1.9	6	0.7
>5 years	1,486	73.4	191	12.9	61	4.1	18	1.2
>4 years	1,667	71.2	242	14.5	84	5.0	24	1.4
>3 years	1,906	69.1	319	16.7	101	5.3	28	1.5
>2 years	2,143	66.6	415	19.4	131	6.1	38	1.8
>1 year	2,436	64.0	534	21.9	162	6.7	45	1.8
Total	2,727	61.5	620	22.7	179	6.6	51	1.9

*Includes offenders who were deported/extradited following their release on full parole.

Table 113. Likelihood of Successful Completion Compared to Revocation for an Offence for Full Parolees Serving Indeterminate Sentences (between April 1, 1998 and March 31, 2023)

Time Under Supervision	Successful Completion	Total Revocations with Offence	Likelihood of Successful Completion Compared to Committing a New Offence	Revocations with Violent Offence	Likelihood of Successful Completion Compared to Committing a Violent Offence
>5 years	204	61	3.3	18	11.3
>4 years	238	84	2.8	24	9.9
>3 years	270	101	2.7	28	9.6
>2 years	300	131	2.3	38	7.9
>1 year	344	162	2.1	45	7.6
Total	431	179	2.4	51	8.5

Note: Offenders serving indeterminate sentences do not have a warrant expiry date and can only successfully complete full parole upon their death.

Provincial Full Parole

Table 114. Outcome Rates of Provincial Full Parole

Outcome	2018-19		2019-20		2020-21		2021-22		2022-23
	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%
Successful completions	110	92.4	86	92.5	88	89.8	56	91.8	45	91.8
Revoked for breach of conditions	9	7.6	5	5.4	9	9.2	4	6.6	3	6.1
Revoked for non-violent offences	0	0.0	1	1.1	1	1.0	1	1.6	1	2.0
Revoked for violent offences	0	0.0	1	1.1	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total revocations with offence	0	0.0	2	2.2	1	1.0	1	1.6	1	2.0
Total completions	119	100	93	100	98	100	61	100	49	100

Table 115. Outcome Rates of Provincial Full Parole by Region

Fiscal Year	Region	Successful Completion		Revoked for Breach of Conditions		Revocations with Offence				Total Revocations with Offence		Total Completions
						Non-Violent		Violent
		#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#
2018-19	Atlantic	25	86.2	4	13.8	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	29
	Quebec	4	100	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	4
	Ontario	2	100	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	2
	Prairie	27	90.0	3	10.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	30
	Pacific	52	96.3	2	3.7	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	54
2019-20	Atlantic	28	90.3	2	6.5	0	0.0	1	3.2	1	3.2	31
	Ontario	3	100	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	3
	Prairie	22	95.7	1	4.3	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	23
	Pacific	33	91.7	2	5.6	1	2.8	0	0.0	1	2.8	36
2020-21	Atlantic	21	75.0	6	21.4	1	3.6	0	0.0	1	3.6	28
	Quebec	1	100	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	1
	Ontario	2	100	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	2
	Prairie	36	94.7	2	5.3	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	38
	Pacific	28	96.6	1	3.4	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	29
2021-22	Atlantic	27	93.1	2	6.9	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	29
	Ontario	1	50.0	1	50.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	2
	Prairie	6	85.7	0	0.0	1	14.3	0	0.0	1	14.3	7
	Pacific	22	95.7	1	4.3	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	23
2022-23	Atlantic	19	90.5	1	4.8	1	4.8	0	0.0	1	4.8	21
	Quebec	0	0.0	1	100	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	1
	Ontario	1	100	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	1
	Prairie	2	100	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	2
	Pacific	23	95.8	1	4.2	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	24

Note: Cases in the Ontario and Quebec regions were regional transfers, cases of exchange of service, etc.

Table 116. Outcome Rates of Provincial Full Parole by Offence Type (from 2018-19 to 2022-23)

Outcome	Violent		Non-Violent
	#	%	#	%
Successful completions	160	93.0	225	90.7
Revoked for breach of conditions	10	5.8	20	8.1
Revoked for non-violent offences	2	1.2	2	0.8
Revoked for violent offences	0	0.0	1	0.4
Total revocations with offence	2	1.2	3	1.2
Total completions	172	100	248	100

Table 117. Outcome Rates of Provincial Full Parole by Race Group (from 2018-19 to 2022-23)

Outcome		Indigenous		Asian		Black		Caucasian		Other
#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%
Successful completions	51	89.5	37	97.4	5	83.3	192	91.0	100	92.6
Revoked for breach of conditions	6	10.5	1	2.6	1	16.7	15	7.1	7	6.5
Revoked for non-violent offences	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	3	1.4	1	0.9
Revoked for violent offences	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	1	0.5	0	0.0
Total revocations with offence	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	4	1.9	1	0.9
Total completions	57	100	38	100	6	100	211	100	108	100

Table 118. Outcome Rates of Provincial Full Parole by Gender (from 2018-19 to 2022-23)

Outcome	Men		Women
	#	%	#	%
Successful completions	331	91.9	54	90.0
Revoked for breach of conditions	24	6.7	6	10.0
Revoked for non-violent offences	4	1.1	0	0.0
Revoked for violent offences	1	0.3	0	0.0
Total revocations with offence	5	1.4	0	0.0
Total completions	360	100	60	100