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West Nile Virus and Other Mosquito-Borne Disease National Surveillance Report - August 28 to September 3, 2016 (Week 35)

West Nile virus

Canada

Humans

During surveillance week 35, ending on September 3, 2016, fifteen (15) human clinical cases of West Nile virus (WNV) have been reported to the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC). Of these, four cases have been reported in Alberta [Calgary zone (1) and South zone (3)], six cases in Manitoba [Interlake-Eastern (1), Northern (1), Southern (3) and Winnipeg (1)], three cases in Ontario [Toronto (2) and Niagara (1)] and two cases in Quebec [Laval (2)].

As of surveillance week 35, a total of 31 human clinical cases have been reported to PHAC:  Alberta (4) [Calgary zone (1) and South zone (3)], Manitoba (17) [Interlake-Eastern (3), Northern (1), Prairie Mountain (2), Southern (6) and Winnipeg (5)], Ontario (6) [Toronto (3), Niagara (2), York (1)], and Quebec (4) [Capitale-Nationale (1), Laurentides (1) tnote *, Laval (2)]. Of these, eleven cases (35%) were classified as West Nile virus Neurological Syndrome, seven cases (23%) as West Nile virus Non-Neurological Syndrome, and thirteen cases (42%) were unclassified. One fatal case has been reported.

In addition, two West Nile virus asymptomatic infections have been reported: Saskatchewan [Mixed-Grass prairie Footnote x  (1)] and Ontario [Toronto (1)].

Mosquitoes

As of surveillance week 35, 288 (2.41 %) out of 11,953 mosquito pools have tested positive for WNV in Canada: Saskatchewan (67), Manitoba (39), Ontario (165) and Quebec (17).

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Birds

As of September 3, 2016, the Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, the Québec Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, and the Québec Centre for Wildlife Health have examined a total of 56 dead birds for WNV: British Columbia (2), Saskatchewan (2), Ontario (46), and Quebec (6), of which 11 (20%) dead birds have tested positive for WNV: British Columbia (2) [Cranbrook], Ontario (5) [Bradford (1), Hamilton (1), Sarnia (1), Thorold (1), Toronto (1)] and Quebec (4) [ Estrie (1), Lanaudière (1), Montérégie (1), Saint-Jean-Baptiste (1)] . The positive birds were identified as American Crows ( 55%), Red- tailed Hawks (18%), Merlins (9%), Sharp-shinned Hawks (9%), and Northern Goshawks (9%).

Domestic Animals

As of September 3, 2016, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency has reported a total of 29 horses that have tested positive for WNV: British Columbia (8), Alberta (4), Manitoba (9), Ontario (1) and Saskatchewan (7).
In addition, one horse from Berthierville, Québec, has tested positive for Eastern Equine Encephalitis.

United States and U.S. territories

As of September 3, 2016, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have reported a total of 537 human clinical cases of West Nile virus disease in 39 states in the US, including the following border states: Washington (3), Idaho (2), Montana (3), North Dakota (11), Minnesota (14), Michigan (7), and Vermont (2). Of these, 264 (49%) were classified as neuroinvasive disease and 273 (51%) were classified as non- neuroinvasive disease. Fourteen fatal cases have been reported. In addition, 94 presumptive viremic blood donors have been identified.

Detailed information can be accessed via the CDC web site: CDC web site.

Europe and Neighbouring Countries

As of September 3, 2016, 63 human cases of WNV have been reported in the European Union and 102 cases have been reported in the neighbouring countries.

Detailed information can be accessed via the ECDC web site: ECDC web site.

FIGURE 1: Geographic distribution of Human Clinical cases of WNV in Canada, as of September 3, 2016

Figure 1 - Text Description

Map showing geographic distribution of WNV in humans (clinical cases) in Canada.
As of surveillance week 35, ending September 3, 2016, a total of 31 human clinical cases of WNV have been reported in Canada: Alberta (4), Manitoba (17), Ontario (6) and Quebec (4).

FIGURE 2: WNV Human Clinical cases and Asymptomatic Infections, by Province/ Territory and by Report week, as of September 3, 2016

Figure 2 - Text Description
WNV Human Clinical cases and Asymptomatic Infections, by Province/ Territory and by Report week, as of September 3, 2016
Report Weeks of 2016
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Total
Newfoundland and Labrador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                                0
Prince Edward Island 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                                0
New Brunswick 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                                0
Nova Scotia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                                0
Quebec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2                               4
Ontario 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 3                               7
Manitoba 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 4 4 6                               17
Saskatchewan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0                               1
Alberta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4                               4
British Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                                0
Yukon Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                                0
Northwest Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                                0
Nunavut 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                                0
Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 6 7 15                                33

FIGURE 3: WNV Human Clinical cases and Asymptomatic Infections by Report week for selected years, in Canada

Figure 3 - Text Description
WNV Human Clinical cases and Asymptomatic Infections in Canada, by Report week for selected years
Years Report Week
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Total
2016 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 6 7 15                               33
2015 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 1 0 2 7 4 8 9 11 4 8 11 8 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 82
2013 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 2 2 5 5 6 9 10 21 16 14 12 7 2 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 118
2012 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 5 11 16 27 53 63 57 43 43 45 24 30 14 9 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 450
2007 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 3 4 11 35 36 72 139 424 471 443 287 182 116 71 30 18 10 11 5 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 2378
TABLE 1: West Nile Virus Human Clinical cases and Asymptomatic Infections by Province/Territory for the current report week and year to date, 2016 season
  Week 35: August 28 to September 3, 2016
West Nile virus neurological syndrome West Nile virus non-neurological syndrome Unclassified/unspecified Total clinical casesTable 1 Footnote 1 Number of travel-related casesTable 1 Footnote 2 West Nile virus asymptomatic infectionTable 1 Footnote 3
Newfoundland and Labrador 0 0 0 0 0 0
Prince Edward Island 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nova Scotia 0 0 0 0 0 0
New Brunswick 0 0 0 0 0 0
Quebec 2 0 0 2 0 0
Ontario 1 2 0 3 0 0
Manitoba 0 0 6 6 0 0
Saskatchewan 0 0 0 0 0 0
Alberta 1 3 0 4 1 0
British Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yukon Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northwest Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nunavut 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 4 5 6 15 1 0
  Year to date: January 1 to September 3, 2016
Newfoundland and Labrador 0 0 0 0 0 0
Prince Edward Island 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nova Scotia 0 0 0 0 0 0
New Brunswick 0 0 0 0 0 0
Quebec 4Table 1 Footnote * 0 0 4Table 1 Footnote * 0 0
Ontario 3 2 1 6 0 1
Manitoba 3 2 12 17 0 0
Saskatchewan 0 0 0 0 0 1
Alberta 1 3 0 4 1 0
British Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0
Yukon Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0
Northwest Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nunavut 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 11 7 13 31 1 2
Table 1 Footnote 1

Total clinical cases is the sum of both probable and confirmed: West Nile virus neurological and non-neurological syndromes, along with any unclassified or unspecified cases.

Return to table 1 footnote 1 referrer

Table 1 Footnote 2

Likely related to travel outside the Province/Territory. These cases are included in either the total clinical cases or West Nile virus asymptomatic infections.

Return to table 1 footnote 2 referrer

Table 1 Footnote 3

Satisfies West Nile virus diagnostic test criteria in the absence of clinical criteria. This category could include asymptomatic blood donors whose blood is screened using a nucleic acid amplification test, by blood operators (i.e. Canadian Blood Services or Hema-Quebec) and is subsequently brought to the attention of public health officials. Blood operators in Canada perform a supplementary West Nile virus specific nucleic acid amplification test following any positive donor screen test result.

Return to table 1 footnote 3 referrer

Table 1 Footnote *

One of the cases was acquired in 2015.

Return to table 1 footnote * referrer
TABLE 2: Number of mosquito pools tested and number of positive mosquito pools by Province/Territory, 2016 season
Province Year to date: January 1 to September 3, 2016Table 2 Footnote ͌
Number of positive mosquito pools Number of mosquito pools tested Percentage of positive mosquito pools (%)
Quebec 17 607 2.80
Ontario 165 9398 1.76
Manitoba 39 1357 2.87
Saskatchewan 67 591 11.34
Total 288 11953 2.41
Table 2 Footnote ͌

In 2016, mosquito surveillance is conducted by the following provinces only: Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba and Saskatchewan

Return to table 2 footnote ͌ referrer
TABLE 3: Number of WNV positive mosquito pools/ Total number of WNV mosquito pools tested by Report week and by Province/ Territory, 2016 seasonTable 3 Footnote ǂ
Province / Territory Report week of 2016
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
Newfoundland and Labrador Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _      
Prince Edward Island Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _      
New Brunswick Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _      
Nova Scotia Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _      
Quebec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2/59 0/67 0/65 2/78 4/69 2/79 0/60 6/62 1/68      
Ontario 0 0/6 0/5 0/12 0/49 0/90 0/190 0/460 0/542 0/562 0/802 1/795 2/688 5/649 20/927 30/947 36/882 42/886 29/906      
Manitoba 0 0 0 0 0/4 0/8 0/3 0/17 0/56 0/58 0/69 0/100 4/113 7/192 5/241 6/246 15/143 1/65 1/42      
Saskatchewan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0/1 0/9 0/8 0/14 1/26 0/37 0/31 3/62 10/68 16/106 31/144 4/55 2/28      
Alberta Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _      
British Columbia Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _      
Yukon Territory Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _      
Northwest Territory Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _      
Nunavut Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _ Table 3 - Footnote _      
Total 0 0/6 0/5 0/12 0/53 0/98 0/194 0/486 0/606 0/634 3/956 1/999 6/897 17/983 39/1305 54/1378 82/1229 53/1068 33/1044      
Table 3 Footnote ǂ

Detailed West Nile virus mosquito surveillance data can be accessed through Provincial/ Territorial websites.

Return to table 3 footnote ǂ referrer

Table 3 - Footnote _

These jurisdictions do not maintain regular mosquito surveillance.

Return to first Table 3 - Footnote _ referrer

FIGURE 4: Reported number of dead birds tested positive for WNV by Province/ Territory and by Report week, 2016 season in Canada

Figure 4 - Text Description
Reported number of dead birds tested positive for WNV in Canada, by Province/ Territory and by Report week, 2016 season
Report Weeks of 2016
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Total
Newfoundland and Labrador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                               0
Prince Edward Island 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                               0
New Brunswick 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                               0
Nova Scotia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                               0
Quebec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3                               4
Ontario 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 0                               5
Manitoba 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                               0
Saskatchewan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                               0
Alberta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                               0
British Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0                               2
Yukon Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                               0
Northwest Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                               0
Nunavut 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                               0
Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 3 3                               11

FIGURE 5: Percentage of dead birds tested positive for WNV by Report week in 2012, 2015 and 2016, and number of dead birds tested positive for WNV, by Report week, 2016, in CanadaFigure 5 Footnote

Figure 5 - Text Description
Percentage of dead birds tested positive for WNV in Canada, by Report week in 2012, 2015 and 2016, and number of dead birds tested positive for WNV, by Report week, 2016 season
Years Report Week
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
% Positive 2012 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 67 33 67 33 50 67 64 67 33 67 67 55 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
% Positive 2015 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 100 83 60 73 0 25 67 83 57 50 80 67 0 21 0 0 0 0 50 0 0
% Positive 2016 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 100 23 75                           
# Positive 2016 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 3 3                           

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