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West Nile Virus and Other Mosquito-Borne Disease National Surveillance Report - August 30 to September 5, 2015 (Report Week 35)

Summary

West Nile Virus in Canada

Humans: During surveillance week 35, ending on Sept 5, 2015, three (3 ) human clinical cases of West Nile virus were reported to the Public Health Agency of Canada (the Agency). Of these, two cases were reported in Ontario (Middlesex-London and Halton Region) and one case in Manitoba (Southern Region). Additionally, one asymptomatic infection was reported in Quebec (Montérégie).

As of surveillance week 35, a total of 15 human clinical cases have been reported to the Agency: Quebec (4), Ontario (10), and Manitoba (1). Of these, four (27%) were classified as West Nile virus Neurological syndrome, eleven (73%) as West Nile virus Non-neurological syndrome. In addition, two asymptomatic infections have been reported in Quebec (Laval and Montérégie).

Mosquitoes: As of surveillance week 35, 129 mosquito pools have tested positive, for West Nile virus in Canada: Quebec (8), Ontario (76), Manitoba (29), and Saskatchewan (16).

Dead Birds: As of surveillance week 35, the Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative has reported 29 dead birds that were tested positive for West Nile virus: Quebec (12), Ontario (16), and Saskatchewan (1).

Domestic Animals: As of surveillance week 35, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency has reported 9 horses that were tested positive for West Nile virus: Ontario (3), Manitoba (1), Saskatchewan (3) and Alberta (2).

One horse from Ontario was tested positive for Eastern equine encephalitis virus.

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  • Surveillance of West Nile virus

    • West Nile Virus in United States

    As of Sept 8, 2015, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has reported a total of 493 human cases of West Nile virus:

    Alabama ( 3), Arizona (47), Arkansas (11), California (108), Colorado (29 ), Delaware (1 ), District of Columbia (1), Florida (6),Georgia (5), Idaho (6), Illinois (5), Indiana (4), Iowa (2),Kansas (10), Louisiana (14), Maryland (17), Massachusetts (1), Mississippi (22), Missouri (7), Nebraska (22), New Jersey (7), New Mexico ( 2), New York (1), North Dakota (10 ), Ohio (13 ), Oklahoma (25), Pennsylvania (14), South Dakota(23), Tennessee (3 ), Texas (42), Virginia (6 ), Washington(20), Wisconsin (1) and Wyoming (4).

    Of these, 272 (55.2 %) were diagnosed as neuroinvasive disease cases, 221 (44.8 %) as non-neuroinvasive disease cases. 15 fatal cases were reported. 133 presumptive viremic blood donors have been identified.

    West Nile Fever in the European Union, European Economic Area and Neighbouring Countries

    As of 11 September 2015, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control has reported 52 cases of West Nile fever in humans  in the EU Member States: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and the UK,  as well as 52 cases in the neighboring countries:  Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, Ukraine,  Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Palestine, Syria and Tunisia , since the beginning of the 2015 transmission season.

    FIGURE 1: West Nile Virus human clinical cases and asymptomatic infections, by Province/Territory and by report week, 2015 season

    Text description below in Table 1

    TABLE 1: West Nile Virus human clinical cases and asymptomatic infections, by Province/Territory and by report week, 2015 season
      Report Weeks of 2015
    17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 Total
    Newfoundland and Labrador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
    Prince Edward Island 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
    New Brunswick 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
    Nova Scotia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
    Quebec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 2 1                           6
    Ontario 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 5 2                           10
    Manitoba 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1                           1
    Saskatchewan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
    Alberta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
    British Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
    Yukon Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
    Northwest Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
    Nunavut 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                           0
    Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2  1  0  2  7  4                            17
    TABLE 2: West Nile Virus human clinical cases and asymptomatic infections by Province/Territory for the current report week and year to date, 2015 season
      Week 35: Aug 30 to Sept 5, 2015
    West Nile virus neurological syndrome West Nile virus non-neurological syndrome Unclassified/unspecified Total clinical casesTable 2 Footnote 1 Number of travel-related cases Table 2 Footnote 2 West Nile virus asymptomatic infectionTable 2 Footnote 3

    Table 2 Footnotes

    Table 2 Footnote 1

    Total clinical cases is the sum of both probable and confirmed: West Nile virus neurological and non-neurological syndromes, along with any unclassified or unspecified cases.

    Return to table 2 footnote 1 referrer

    Table 2 Footnote 2

    Likely related to travel outside the Province/Territory. These cases are included in either the total clinical cases or West Nile virus asymptomatic infections.

    Return to table 2 footnote 2 referrer

    Table 2 Footnote 3

    Satisfies West Nile virus diagnostic test criteria in the absence of clinical criteria. This category could include asymptomatic blood donors whose blood is screened using a nucleic acid amplification test, by blood operators (i.e. Canadian Blood Services or Hema-Quebec) and is subsequently brought to the attention of public health officials. Blood operators in Canada perform a supplementary West Nile virus specific nucleic acid amplification test following any positive donor screen test result.

    Return to table 2 footnote 3 referrer
    Newfoundland and Labrador 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Prince Edward Island 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Nova Scotia 0 0 0 0 0 0
    New Brunswick 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Quebec 0 0 0 0 0 1
    Ontario 0 2 0 2 0 0
    Manitoba 0 1 0 1 0 0
    Saskatchewan 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Alberta 0 0 0 0 0 0
    British Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Yukon Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Northwest Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Nunavut 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Total 0 3 0 3 0 1
      Year to date: January 1 to Sept 5, 2015
    Newfoundland and Labrador 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Prince Edward Island 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Nova Scotia 0 0 0 0 0 0
    New Brunswick 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Quebec 2 2 0 4 1 2
    Ontario 2 8 0 10 0 0
    Manitoba 0 1 0 1 0 0
    Saskatchewan 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Alberta 0 0 0 0 0 0
    British Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Yukon Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Northwest Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Nunavut 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Total 4 11 0 15 1 2

    FIGURE 2: West Nile Virus clinic al cases and asymptomatic infections by report week for selected years

    Text description below in table 3

    * West Nile virus clinical cases and asymptomatic infections are grouped by report week, based on episode date.  Episode date could include one of the following: onset date, diagnosis date, lab sample date or reporting date.

    TABLE 3: West Nile Virus clinical cases and asymptomatic infections by report week for selected years
      Report week
    17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47

    Table 3 Footnotes

    Table 3 Footnote *

    One of these cases was likely exposed prior to the 2014 West Nile virus season.

    Return to table 3 footnote * referrer
    2015 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 1 0 2 7 4                        
    2014 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 4Table 3 Footnote* 3 5 6 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
    2013 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 2 1 5 5 8 17 11 13 13 11 9 1 6 1 0 4 1 0 1 0
    2012 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 5 11 16 27 53 63 57 43 43 45 24 30 14 9 5 1 0 0 0 0
    2007 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 3 4 11 35 36 72 139 424 471 443 287 182 116 71 30 18 10 11 5 4 2 0 0
    2005 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 11 28 28 38 45 27 15 7 12 3 3 1 0 0 0
    2003 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 5 11 9 27 66 249 323 324 178 107 82 37 14 8 4 3 0 0 0
    TABLE 4.1: Number of West Nile Virus mosquito pools tested weekly by Province/Territory - 2015 season Table 4.1 Footnote 1
    Province / Territory Report week of 2015
    17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 Total

    Table 4.1 Footnotes

    table 4.1 Footnote 1

    Detailed West Nile virus mosquito surveillance data can be accessed through Provincial/Territorial websites.

    Return to table 4.1 footnote 1 referrer

    table 4.1 Footnote 2

    Not available at the time of reporting.

    Return to table 4.1 footnote 2 referrer
    Newfoundland and Labrador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                   0
    Prince Edward Island 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                   0
    New Brunswick 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                   0
    Nova Scotia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                   0
    Quebec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120 127 132 131 129 126 133 125 109 NATable 4.1 Footnote 2                   1132
    Ontario 0 0 0 0 0 180 356 852 886 954 1152 1216 1219 1222 1176 1168 1168 987 881                   13417
    Manitoba 0 0 0 0 12 4 87 82 44 75 73 132 139 204 275 195 228 69 92                   1711
    Saskatchewan 0 0 0 0 2 0 3 3 10 13 16 40 47 69 67 80 94 42 41                   527
    Alberta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                   0
    British Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                   0
    Yukon Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                   0
    Northwest Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                   0
    Nunavut 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                   0
    Total 0 0 0 0 14 184 446 937 940 1162 1368 1520 1536 1624 1644 1576 1615 1207 1014                   16787
    TABLE 4.2: Number of mosquito pools tested and number of positive mosquito pools by Province/Territory, 2015 season
    Province Year to date: January 1 to Sept 5, 2015
    Number of positive mosquito pools Number of mosquito pools tested Percentage of positive mosquito pools (%)
    Quebec 8 1132 0.71
    Ontario 76 13417 0.57
    Manitoba 29 1711 1.69
    Saskatchewan 16 527 3.04
    Total 129 16787 0.77

    FIGURE 3: Reported number of dead birds testing positive for West Nile Virus by Province/Territory and by report week, 2015 season*

    Text description below in table 5

    * Data from the Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative and the Quebec Ministry of Health and Social Services

    TABLE 5: Reported number of dead birds testing positive for West Nile Virus by Province/Territory and by report week, 2015 season Table 5 Footnote *
      Report week of 2015
    17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 Total

    Footnotes

    Table 5 Footnote *

    Data from the Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative.

    Return to table 5 footnote * referrer

    Table 5 Footnote 1

    Data from the Quebec  Ministry of Health and Social Services

    Return to table 5 footnote 1 referrer
    Newfoundland and Labrador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                         0
    Prince Edward Island 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                         0
    New Brunswick 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                         0
    Nova Scotia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                         0
    Quebec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 0 1Table 5 Footnote 1 1Table 5 Footnote 1 3                         12
    Ontario 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 4 1 8 0 0 1 1                         16
    Manitoba 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                         0
    Saskatchewan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1                         1
    Alberta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                         0
    British Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                         0
    Yukon Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                         0
    Northwest Territory 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                         0
    Nunavut 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                         0
    Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 5 3 11 0 1 2 5                         29

    FIGURE 4: Percentage of dead birds testing positive for West Nile Virus in the 2015 season by report week, as compared to the 2003, 2012 and 2014 seasons

    Text description below in table 6

    TABLE 6: Percentage of dead birds testing positive for West Nile Virus in the 2015 season by report week, as compared to the 2003, 2012 and 2014 seasons
      Report week
    17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47

    Table 6 Footnotes

    Table 6 Footnote *

    Data became available during Week 30; this is a cumulative number of dead birds tested from Week 1 to Week 30.

    Return to table 6 footnote * referrer
    Numbers positive 2015 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 5 3 11 0 1 2 5                        
    Numbers tested 2015 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 6 5 15 7 4 3 6                        
    Percentage positive 2015 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 100 83 60 73 0 25 67 83                        
    Numbers positive 2014 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 4 0 2 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Numbers tested 2014 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41Table 6 Footnote * 10 13 9 7 13 6 10 3 1 4 2 1 0 0 0 0 0
    Percentage positive 2014 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 22 29 31 0 20 100 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Percentage positive 2012 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 67 33 67 33 50 67 64 67 33 67 67 55 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
    Percentage positive 2003 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 6 7 10 17 21 38 35 43 46 45 45 58 29 20 15 8 0 0 0 0

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