9th Ministerial meeting on climate action: chairs’ summary 2025
Ministers and representatives from 25 governments participated in the 9th Ministerial meeting on Climate Action (MoCA) convened by Canada, the European Union (EU) and China. The meeting was hosted by Canada in Toronto, Canada on the 31st of October and 1st of November 2025.
The three co-conveners, Minister Huang Runqiu from China, Minister Julie Dabrusin from Canada and Commissioner Wopke Hoekstra of the European Commission, are grateful to all ministers and to other distinguished representatives for their engagement, including the Executive Secretary of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the COP29 and COP30 Presidencies.
Participants reflected on the progress achieved in the decade since the adoption of the Paris Agreement. They reaffirmed the central role of multilateral cooperation in tackling the climate crisis and highlighted the Paris Agreement as a cornerstone of collective global action. They recognized the progress made in enhancing ambition and advancing implementation, while emphasizing the importance of consolidating these gains to drive deeper, faster action in this decisive decade. Participants also underscored that the transition to a low-carbon and climate-resilient economy offers significant opportunities for sustainable growth, innovation, and job creation, and that continued international collaboration is essential to ensure these benefits are broadly realized by all.
As COP30 fast approaches, all parties signaled their strong support to help make COP a success, working with, and in support of the Brazilian Presidency. Parties expressed a strong commitment to deliver ambitious and inclusive outcomes in Belém. They welcomed Brazil’s vision for COP30 to deliver tangible results, real-world benefits for people and communities, and called on all Parties to approach the negotiations with a spirit of compromise. The co-conveners emphasized that unity and trust remain essential to achieving consensus outcomes and reiterated their confidence in the multilateral system to deliver climate action.
During the session on Mobilizing Finance, Technology and Capacity-Building to Accelerate the Transition to Low-Carbon, Resilient Economies, participants exchanged views on strengthening the global climate finance architecture to meet the needs of developing countries and accelerate implementation. Many underscored the importance of scaling up public finance, technology, and capacity-building support to enable effective climate action, with some participants underscoring that public finance remains key in particular to support adaptation. Many noted the need to direct it to the most vulnerable while also emphasizing the role of de-risking tools, debt swaps, taxonomies, carbon pricing and improving access to climate finance. Several participants also noted the need to send signals to the international financial architecture on alignment of flows. Others emphasized that all actors and sources — beyond traditional contributors — must work together to expand the sources of climate finance and enhance access, including by fostering enabling environments that attract private investment and spur innovation. Participants also highlighted the need to use public finance strategically to leverage other sources of financing. Others shared the importance of aligning all financial flows with low-carbon, climate-resilient development pathways and fulfilling existing commitments. Participants agreed that mobilizing finance at the scale required is a central pillar of global climate action and a key component of delivering on the Paris Agreement goals.
During the session on Driving Ambition and Implementing Collective Real-World Solutions, Ministers reflected on lessons learned over the past decade and discussed how to advance ambitious mitigation and adaptation action in the years ahead. Participants noted the completion of the Paris rulebook. Several participants highlighted with concern the current ambition and implementation gaps and noted the need to draw a collective response plan to enable the full implementation of the Paris Agreement and its goals. Many participants underscored the role of nationally determined domestic action grounded in a just transition, leaving no one behind. Participants also highlighted the role of the Action Agenda in driving action. Many participants reinforced the critical role of adaptation action and all called for the completion of the indicators in Belem. Several speakers highlighted the urgent need to scale up efforts to implement the Paris Agreement to keep the 1.5°C temperature target within reach and the important role of international cooperation in supporting those efforts. Others underscored the importance of ensuring that the multilateral process delivers tangible benefits for people’s lives and engages all segments of society in the transition to a low-carbon, climate-resilient future. Participants shared both successes and challenges from the past decade, noting that inclusive and just approaches have garnered broad public support and delivered meaningful results. Many emphasized that science must continue to guide collective efforts, informing policies and investments that yield real-world impact. Looking ahead, participants called for COP30 to be focused on implementation and accelerate progress on individual and collective commitments, including those identified through the Global Stocktake, to deliver results in line with multilateral climate objectives and sustainable economic development.
Participants welcomed the opportunity that MoCA9 presented to deepen multilateral cooperation in addressing climate change and strengthening cohesion, solidarity, and collaboration ahead of COP30 in Belém. Participants and co-conveners expressed their full support to the incoming COP30 Presidency and reiterated their commitment to a successful COP30.
The three co-conveners look forward to organizing the 10th session of the MoCA in 2026, which will be hosted by the European Union.