Appearance of the Commissioner before the Standing Committee on Public Safety and National Security: November 25 2020

Main and supplementary estimates

Main and supplementary estimates

Table of Contents

  1. Key Facts and Figures
  2. Financial Snapshot
  3. CSC’s Hot Issues
  4. Committee Overview

 

 

 

 

 

 

1. Key Facts and Figures on COVID-19

The Offender Population

At the end of fiscal year 2019-2020, CSC was responsible for 23,102 offenders: 13,720 were in custody and 9,382 were supervised in the community. Of the offenders in the community, offenders on day parole represented 16.4%; offenders on full parole represented 48.7%; offenders on statutory release represented 29.7%; and offenders with long term supervision orders represented 5.2%.

(Source: Data Warehouse. Data current up to the end of fiscal year 2019-2020)

Operational Environment

CSC is responsible nationally for the management of 43 institutions (six maximum security, nine medium security, five minimum security, 12 multilevel security and 11 clustered institutions), 14 community correctional centres and 92 parole offices and sub-parole offices. CSC is also responsible for managing four healing lodges (included in the 43 institutions) and works in partnership with Indigenous communities to support the reintegration of Indigenous offenders back into the community.

CSC is also responsible for managing four healing lodges (included in the 43 institutions) and works in partnership with Indigenous communities to support the reintegration of Indigenous offenders back into the community.

CSC Workforce

CSC employs approximately 18,250 staff from a vast number of fields. As of September 2019, CSC’s front-line staff workforce included:

  • 6,255 Correctional Officers;
  • 454 Primary Workers;
  • 1,262 Parole Officers;
  • 478 Correctional Program Officers;
  • 125 Indigenous Liaison Officers;
  • 94 Indigenous Correctional Program Officers;
  • 124 Social Program Officers;
  • 902 Nurses; and
  • 222 Psychology Staff.

CSC Results

At year-end 2019-2020, the following are results in a number of different areas:

  • CSC is continuing to see a decline in the overall federal custody population, from 14,886 at year-end in 2014-2015 to 13,720 in 2019-2020, a decrease of 8%. CSC is also seeing an increase in the number of offenders being managed in the community, from 8,075 at year-end in 2014-2015 to 9,382 in 2019-2020. This represents an increase of 16%.
  • CSC is showing an increase in the number of offenders being released on day parole over the past six years, from 1,975 in 2014-2015 to 2,542 in 2019-2020, an increase of 29%. The number of offenders who were released on day parole decreased in the past year, from 2,683 in 2018-2019 to 2,542 in 2019-2020, a decrease of 5%.
  • CSC is showing a decline in the number of revocations of conditional release over the past six years, from 2,503 in 2014-2015 to 2,285 in 2019-2020, a decrease of 9%. However, the number of revocations of conditional release have been increasing since 2017-2018, when they were at a six-year low of 2,131.
  • CSC is also seeing a decrease in the number of revocations with an offence over the past six years, from 496 in 2014-2015 to 455 in 2019-2020, a decrease of 8%. The numbers of revocations with an offence have fluctuated over the past six years, with a low of 412 in 2016-2017.

Financial Snapshot

Annual Budget

  • As per the 2020-21 Main Estimates, CSC’s annual budget is $2,553.8 million, composed of:
    • $2,365.9M in Operating, including Employee Benefit Plans;
    • $187.8M in Capital funding; and
    • $0.1M in Grants and Contributions.
  • This represents a ($26.3M) or - 1.0% decrease over the previous year. The decrease is mainly attributable to:
    • A decrease in the Operating Vote of ($12.3M) mainly related to funding approved for Support for the Correctional Service of Canada (Budget 2019), offset by funding received for Transforming Federal Corrections (Bill C-83);
    • A decrease in the Statutory Vote of ($14.0M) for the department’s allocation of the employer’s share of the employee benefit plan; and
    • A decrease in the Capital Vote of $0.01M for CSC’s contribution to the Back Office Transformation initiative.

Cost Structure and Constraints

  • Approximately 90% of CSC’s budget is non-discretionary, such as expenses related to:
    • front-Line workforce / Collective Agreements; and
    • statutory obligations.
  • Operational costs are largely fixed and related to both static and dynamic security.
  • In the context of Program Integrity, through Budget 2020, CSC received a positive respond to its funding request following the comprehensive review.
  • CSC’s financial situation is currently uncertain pending funding decisions for off cycle requests including COVID-19 incremental expenditures, and supplementary funding for anticipated court ordered settlements.
  • CSC had an Operating Carry Forward of $51.8M, (2019-2020), 2.2% of its total available authorities (2019-2020).
  • Changes to operations could produce savings, but would also have an impact on the results.

 

Pie Chart: Distribution of Operating Budget
Distribution of Operating Budget

Other O&M, 11%

Includes the following items:

  • Legal Services and Claims Settlements
  • CORCAN Inmate Training
  • IM/IT

Salaries & EBP, 72%
Quasi-Statutory, 17%

 

CSC’s operating budget is distributed as: 72% for salary and EBP, 17% for quasi-statutory costs, and 11% for other items such as legal services and claims settlement, CORCAN training, and IM/IT.

CSC’s Hot Issues

Main Estimates

Speaking Points:

  • The total funding sought by the Correctional Service of Canada in the Main Estimates for 2020-2021 is $2.5 billion. This represents a decrease of $26.3 million or -1.0% over the previous year.

The proposed is attributable to:

  • A net decrease of ($12.3 million) in Operating funding and a net decrease of ($14.0 million) in Employee Benefit Plan.
  • A net decrease in capital funding of $0.01 million.

Background - Main Estimates

Highlights of Main Estimates Elements

The proposed decrease to Correctional Service Canada’s (CSC) budget is $26.3 million and is mainly attributable to:

  • a total net decrease in operating and statutory funding of $26.3 million:
    • $12.3 million in operating; and
    • $14.0 million in Employee Benefit Plan
  • a total decrease in capital funding of $0.01 million

Summary of Net Annual Change in Main Estimates by Program/Initiative

  • $53.7 million for a net increase to the Care & Custody Program Inventory;
  • ($3.5 million) for a net decrease to the Correctional Interventions Program Inventory;
  • ($4.5 million) for a net decrease to the Community Supervision Program Inventory;
  • $23.0 million for a net increase to the Internal Services Program Inventory; and
  • ($95.0 million) for a net decrease to the Budget Implementation Vote.

Summary of Net Annual Change in Main Estimates by Vote

Vote 1 - Operating - Decrease of $12.3 million

  • $49.7 million increase related to Trans/brining Federal Corrections (Bill C-83);
  • $24.3 million increase in the operating budget due to a conversion of personnel budget to other operating budget;
  • $14.1 million increase related to compensation for Collective Agreement increases;
  • $0.5 million increase in funding for the Federal Contaminated sites Action Plan;
  • $0.3 million increase related to the Program and Administrative Services modernization initiative;
  • ($95.0 million) decrease for finding approved for Support for the Correctional Service of Canada (Budget 2019);
  • ($4.9 million) decrease for Fiscal Dividend (Budget 2018);
  • ($0.6 million) decrease related to finding for Addressing the Needs of Vulnerable Offenders (Budget 2017);
  • ($0.6 million) decrease related to Funding for Mental Health for Offenders and Corcan Farms (Budget 2018); and
  • ($0.1 million) decrease for contributions for the Census of Population.

Vote 5 - Capital - Decrease of ($0.01 million)

  • ($0.01 million) decrease for contributions for the Back Office Transformation initiative.

Statutory - Employee Benefit Plans - Decrease of ($14.0 million)

  • ($14.0 million) decrease related to the department’s allocation of the employer’s share of the employee benefit plan

Supplementary Estimates (B)

Speaking Points:

  • The total funding sought by the Correctional Service of Canada in Supplementary Estimates B is an increase of $121.7 million for operating funding to support operations.
  • The break down of the $121.7 million operating funding includes: $38.0 million for Collective Bargaining; $65.8 million for Workers Compensation Expenditures; $15.4 million for Legal Service Expenditures; and $2.5 million to address the Opioid Crisis.
  • The Correctional Service of Canada is also requesting $23.6 million of statutory funding related to Budget 2020.
  • Lastly, the Service is requesting $8.8 million in funding for quasi-statutory funding related to changes in prices and volume of goods and services being procured.

Background – Supplementary Estimates (B)

The Supplementary Estimates “B” will result in a net increase of $154.2 million to the Correctional Service of Canada’s authorities.

Voted Appropriations (New Spending Authorities)

Operating Funding $121.7 million

  • An increase of $121.7 million for operating funding related to Budget 2020 for Program Integrity funding to support operations.
  • The break down of the $121.7 million operating funding includes: $38.0 million for Collective Bargaining; $65.8 million for Workers Compensation Expenditures; $15.4 million for Legal Service Expenditures; and $2.5 million to address the Opioid Crisis.

Statutory Appropriations

Employee Benefit Program $23.6 million

  • An increase of $23.6 million in statutory authorities related to the department’s allocation of the employer’s share of the Employee Benefit Program.

Goods and Services $8.8 million

  • An increase of $8.8 million in funding for quasi-statutory funding related to changes in prices and volume of goods and services being procured. This funding will assist with cost of living on essential services provided to offenders for statutory items like procurement of food, medical expenditures, utility increases, and beds in community housing units.

Funds Available (Within Existing Votes)

  • Not applicable.

Transfers (From/To Other Government Departments)

  • Not applicable.

Budgetary Investments Since 2017

Speaking Points:

  • Budget 2017 provided $57.8 million over five years, starting in 2017–18, and $13.6M per year thereafter, to expand mental healthcare capacity for all inmates in federal correctional facilities.
  • Budget 2017 provided $65.2 million over five years, starting in 2017–18, to help incarcerated Indigenous people rehabilitate and find good jobs.
  • Budget 2018 provided $98.7 million over five years, starting in 2018-19.
    • Key investments were in Program Integrity, $74.7 million in 2018-19 is to enable CSC to continue existing operations in support of its mandate.
    • Mental Health Care - $20.3 million over five years to further support the mental health needs of federal inmates. Funds would largely provide enhanced mental health supports for women in federal correctional facilities across Canada.
    • Penitentiary Farms –$3.7 million over five years (starting in 2018-19) to support the reopening of the penitentiary farms at Joyceville and Collins Bay Institutions in Kingston, Ontario. The farms would be run by CORCAN.
  • Budget 2019 provided additional funding to maintain operations for 2019-2020 (one year only). Specifically, Budget 2019 provides resources for CSC to address pressures resulting from collective agreements ($37.0M), legal services/litigation ($18.5M), Workers Compensation Benefits ($24.0M), services to Not Criminally Responsible individuals at CSC’s Shepody Healing Centre ($0.9M), as well as statutory amounts related to the funded items above ($14.6M).
  • CSC has sought incremental funding to implement Transforming Federal Corrections (TFC), a strategy to eliminate the practice of segregation and to transform federal corrections through investments in proactive diagnosis, targeted intervention and treatment of inmates needs. The TFC Memorandum to Cabinet was approved in September 2018 and funding was approved by Treasury Board Minister in May 2019.
  • In the 2018 Fall Economic Statement, the Government announced $448 million over six years, and over $140 million ongoing, to transform federal corrections.

Background – Budgetary Investments Since 2017

The following are budget announceables for the Correctional Service of Canada for Budgets 2017-2019.

Budget 2017

Mental Health Care

Budget 2017 announced $57.8 million over five years, starting in 2017–18, and $13.6M per year thereafter, to expand mental healthcare capacity for all inmates in federal correctional facilities;

Of which, $9.95 millions has been provided to Public Safety Canada’s Indigenous Community Corrections Initiative. The remaining $55.2 million dollars and $10.9 million ongoing thereafter is being provided to the Correctional Service of Canada to enhance its capacity to provide effective interventions for Indigenous offenders

Indigenous Community Corrections Initiative

Budget 2017 provided $65.2 million over five years, starting in 2017–18, to help incarcerated Indigenous people rehabilitate and find good jobs. Of which, $9.95 millions has been provided to Public Safety Canada’s Indigenous Community Corrections Initiative.

The remaining $55.2 million dollars and $10.9 million ongoing thereafter is being provided to the Correctional Service of Canada to enhance its capacity to provide effective interventions for Indigenous offenders.

Budget 2018

Budget 2018 announced $98.7 million over five years, starting in 2018-19 as follows:

Program Integrity

Of which, $74.7 million in 2018-19 is to enable CSC to continue existing operations in support of its mandate.

Mental Health Care

An amount of $20.3 million over five years ($2.6 M for 2018-19; $3.3M for 2019-20; $4.1M for 2020-21; $4.8M for 2021-22 and $5.5M for 2022-23) and $5.6 million per year ongoing to further support the mental health needs of federal inmates. Funds would largely provide enhanced mental health supports for women in federal correctional facilities across Canada.

Penitentiary Farms

An amount of $3.7 million over five years (starting in 2018-19) to support the reopening of the penitentiary farms at Joyceville and Collins Bay Institutions in Kingston, Ontario. The farms would be operated by CORCAN.

Budget 2019

Through Budget 2019, CSC has secured additional funding to maintain operations for 2019-2020 (one year only). Specifically, Budget 2019 provides resources for CSC to address pressures resulting from collective agreements ($37.0M), legal services/litigation ($18.5M), Workers Compensation Benefits ($24.0M), services to Not Criminally Responsible individuals at CSC’s Shepody Healing Centre ($0.9M), as well as statutory amounts related to the funded items above ($14.6M).

Transforming Federal Corrections

CSC has sought incremental funding to implement Transforming Federal Corrections (TFC), a strategy to eliminate the practice of segregation and to transform federal corrections through investments in proactive diagnosis, targeted intervention and treatment of inmates needs. The TFC Memorandum to Cabinet was approved in September 2018 and funding was approved by the Treasury Board Minister in May 2019.

COVID-19 Planning for Federal Corrections

Speaking Points:

  • The Correctional Service of Canada is committed to protecting the health and safety of staff, inmates, and the public during these unprecedented times.
  • The Service has a number of health and safety measures and protocols in place to protect its employees and offenders. They also are working closely with Public Health authorities and with all of its labour partners.
  • At this time, some institutions in Quebec, Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and British Columbia have temporarily suspended visits.
  • Offenders are encouraged to continue connecting with their families and loved ones by telephone or video visitation.
  • Offenders will continue to participate in on-site programming and activities that support their rehabilitation. Health services will be maintained and temporary absences for medical and compassionate reasons will continue.
  • These precautions have been taken in response to instances of COVID-19 in the community, including among staff members.
  • As of November 19, 2020, there are 53 active COVID-19 cases among inmates.
  • As of November 20, 2020, out of 258 of our employees who have tested positive, 211 or approximately 82% have fully recovered.
  • When an employee becomes symptomatic or tests positive for COVID-19, they are required to self-isolate at home until cleared to return to work. Contact tracing is immediately conducted to ensure that close contacts are self-isolating, and additional testing is conducted, as needed.
  • Staffing levels are monitored and assessed daily, and adjusted as required to meet the operational requirements of running the institution.
  • All sites across the country have implemented extensive health and safety measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. These include wearing masks, physical distancing, hand hygiene, active health screening of anyone entering an institution, and increased cleaning and disinfecting.
  • In addition, the Service has conducted infection prevention and control reviews at all of its institutions, built its own contact tracing capacity, and implemented comprehensive COVID-19 testing for inmates and staff.
  • The Correctional Service of Canada has also implemented its own contact tracing capability by training over 250 employees and its own testing capacity.
  • We have proactively offered testing to inmates in over 20 institutions in areas where community transmission is higher. This strategy can help detect any asymptomatic cases.
  • The Service has also worked with the Public Health Agency of Canada and local health departments and community experts to have independent, expert-led reviews completed in all of its 43 institutions.
  • The Correctional Service of Canada has implemented lessons learned and recommendations from these Infection Prevention and Control or Environmental Health reviews to reinforce its practices.

Background – COVID-19 Planning in Federal Corrections

The Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) has successfully implemented a number of measures to protect staff and the inmate population from COVID-19.

Current Measures

Cases among Inmates

As of November 19, there are 53 active cases of COVID-19 among inmates across Canada. Further cases are expected.

Personal Protective Equipment

CSC continues to take exceptional measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in all CSC institutions to limit the risk to inmates and staff, including having everyone at sites wear masks. Additional personal protective equipment is available to employees that need it, including health care staff.

Financial Government Support

On June 9, 2020, the Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness, the Honourable Bill Blair, announced the Government of Canada’s intention to provide up to $500,000 to five National Voluntary Organizations (NVOs) for them to develop pilot projects aimed at adapting important services that assist with the reintegration of offenders under supervision at community-based residential facilities (halfway houses), and to develop knowledge to help similar organizations learn from the innovative responses that have been implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Release of Offenders

While being a full participant in the Canada-wide public health effort to fight COVID-19, CSC continues to fulfill its obligations with respect to the care and custody of inmates to prepare them for safe release into the community.

CSC and PBC continue to process eligible inmates for release in accordance with the law. A number of considerations go into release decision-making with public safety being the paramount consideration. COVID-19 and other health related issues are only one of the many considerations taken into account when releasing offenders into the community.

CSC, in consultation with PBC, has worked to streamline the case preparation process for offenders. In addition, PBC is working to ensure cases are dealt with as expeditiously as possible, while continuing to use risk- and evidence-based decision-making.

Since the beginning of March 2020, the federal custody population has declined by 1,292 inmates (as of November 15, 2020). This reduction is the result of fewer admissions from the provinces and territories coupled with continued releases into the community. This downward trend in the federal inmate population is expected to continue over the coming months.

CSC is engaging with our community partners on an ongoing basis to ensure that offenders on conditional release have a safe, secure and supportive environment to which they can return. This is an important part of any safe and successful release into the community.

Suspension of Visits to Institutions

CSC took additional measures to limit the potential spread of COVID-19 in its Quebec and Alberta institutions and community correctional centres (CCCs), and at Stony Mountain Institution in Manitoba. CSC suspended visits, temporary absences and work releases at all sites in Quebec, Alberta, and Stony Mountain Institution.

Offenders will continue to participate in on-site programming and activities that support their rehabilitation. Health services will be maintained and temporary absences for medical and compassionate reasons will continue, as needed. Offenders are encouraged to continue connecting with their families and loved ones by telephone or video visitation.

The additional measures do not currently affect sites in other provinces. This is an evolving situation and CSC continues to work with public health authorities to monitor the situation and take additional actions, as needed.

Reduced Staffing Due to Self-Isolating

Staff members at a number of CSC institutions have tested positive for COVID-19.

CSC is collaborating with public health authorities to conduct contact tracing to ensure that close contacts are self-isolating at home and additional testing is conducted, as needed.

CSC assesses operational decisions around schedules and activities on a regular bases when taking into consideration staffing levels. Staffing levels are monitored and assessed daily and adjusted, as required. Staff on-site are showing flexibility and some have worked extended hours to meet the operational requirements of running institutions.

Structured Intervention Units

Speaking Points:

  • On November 30, 2019, legislation eliminating the use of administrative segregation in federal correctional institutions came into effect.
  • The Correctional Service of Canada established a new correctional model, which relies on Structured Intervention Units to address the needs of certain inmates under its care, when necessary.
  • This is a significant transformational, even historic, new approach to address the specific needs of offenders so they can have better confinement conditions and be successfully rehabilitated and returned safely to the community.
  • Since their implementation, Structured Intervention Units have been closely monitored by independent bodies to ensure transparency and accountability.
  • The Correctional Service of Canada is carefully reviewing the preliminary findings issued by Dr. Doob and Dr. Sprott and thank them for their work.
  • This, along with work by Independent External Decision Makers, will help inform the Service’s evaluation of Structured Intervention Units and guide any improvements needed.
  • Also, the Service has been committed to responding to the Independent External Decision Makers’ recommendations since the implementation of the Structured Intervention Units to ensure compliance with its obligations.
  • As with any new system, it takes time to get everything right. The Correctional Service of Canada is committed to making improvements by building on lessons learned over the past year.

Financial Implications:

  • The total funding in Main Estimates for Transforming Federal Corrections (Bill C-83) for 2020-2021 is $49.7 million.

Background – Structured Intervention Units – Implementation Advisory Panel

Structured Intervention Units (SIUs) allow inmates to be separated from the mainstream inmate population—providing the opportunity to maintain their access to rehabilitative programming and interventions. Inmates in an SIU:

  • Receive interventions and programming specific to the reasons that led to the transfer;
  • have an opportunity to be outside of their cell for at least four hours a day, with additional time for a shower;
  • have an opportunity to interact with others for at least two hours a day; and
  • receive daily visits from healthcare professionals who may recommend for health reasons that the inmate’s conditions of confinement be altered or that they not remain in the unit.

SIUs are for inmates who cannot be managed safely within a mainstream inmate population. An inmate could be transferred to an SIU if they are a threat to any person or the security of the institution, their safety is in jeopardy or their placement in the mainstream population would interfere with an investigation, and there is no reasonable alternative.

Structured interventions and programming are available to inmates in an SIU to address their specific risks and needs, with the goal of facilitating their reintegration into a mainstream inmate population as soon as possible. It is expected that SIUs will enhance correctional outcomes, as well as assist in reducing the rate of institutional violent incidents, resulting in a safer environment for staff, offenders and visitors.

The opening of SIU’s at men’s sites has been a gradual, phased in approach with the first 10 SIUs opening as of November 30, 2019. All five women’s institutions opened an SIU as of November 30, 2019.

Implementation Advisory Panel (IAP)

The Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness established the SIU Implementation Advisory Committee in 2019 as part of the Government’s efforts to provide accountability and transparency of the operationalization of SIUs. The eight-person panel was intended to help monitor and assess the implementation of SIUs established by Bill C-83, which was adopted by Parliament in June 2019. On November 30, 2019, provisions of Bill C-83 came into force, which eliminated the use of administrative and disciplinary segregation in all federal correctional institutions and established SIUs. The new SIU model establishes minimum requirements for time out of cell and meaningful human interaction for inmates. The new model is subject to independent external oversight.

The Advisory Panel was intended to provide non-binding recommendations and advice to the Commissioner of the Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) , and reports to the Minister on its views as to whether the SIUs are being implemented as intended by the legislation.

As of August 2020, the Advisory Panel has dissolved. Public Safety and CSC continued to engage with Dr. Anthony Doob, former Chair of the Advisory Panel, to ensure that there is an opportunity to review the data and provide findings.

Preliminary Findings of the IAP

The preliminary findings (published October 26, 2020) of Dr. Doob and Dr. Sprott provide valuable insight to support CSC’s ongoing work to monitor the operation of SIUs, recognize trends and make adjustments to policy, procedures, and practices. The findings will complement the continuous feedback received from the IEDM case-specific reviews and determinations. Efforts are being made to strengthen successes and improve practices and outcomes.

Among other notable elements that will need to be considered in analyzing these findings is the COVID-19 pandemic, which required adjustments to ensure inmates have the opportunity to spend at least four hours a day outside of their cell and to interact with others for at least two hours, given the importance of respecting public health protection measures. The Service remains committed to deploying all the necessary efforts to coordinate the research and implementation of strategies to ensure the entitlements for inmates, while at the same time respecting public health protection measures.

Moving forward, CSC has put a project team in place to focus on three interlinked themes moving forward: fostering an operational culture of data stewardship, through engagement with frontline staff; optimizing outcomes by reviewing SIU business requirements and aligning technology solutions; and, strengthening corporate resources to support performance and compliance reporting.

Independent External Decision Makers

Independent External Decision Makers (IEDM) provide oversight related to an inmate’s conditions and duration of confinement in an SIU and review cases. As of November 1, 2020, there have been over 1300 independent decisions and reviews completed by IEDMs.

  • Of the IEDM decisions, approximately 75% have determined that the inmate should remain in an SIU.
  • Of the IEDM reviews related to conditions of confinement, over 79% have resulted in the determination that CSC has taken all the reasonable steps to provide inmates with opportunities for time out of cell, meaningful human contact and have been encouraged to avail themselves of those opportunities. Slightly less than 21% have resulted in recommendations to CSC to take additional steps.
  • Slightly less than 2.2% of the reviews related to conditions of confinement have resulted in an order to remove an inmate from the SIU.

This external oversight contributes to the continued enhancement and shaping of SIUs.

Structured Interventions Units – Technological Services

CSC uses a technological application to enable the collection of SIU data to facilitate reporting on performance to institutional and senior management.

The “Long-Term Evolution (LTE) SIU project” creates a modern application for the management of offenders in SIUs. This application collects critical information in the daily interactions between staff members and offenders, allowing near real-time status updates on the inmates’ opportunities for interaction with others; net and total time spent in the SIU; time outside of cell; delivery of programs and interventions; leisure time; visits by correctional/intervention staff; health care review; and executive overview, among other things.

Interactions with inmates, programs referral, and decision information is also captured to ensure compliance with associated policies and legislation.

Dry Cells

Speaking Points:

  • The Correctional Service of Canada is committed to safe, humane, and effective corrections for offenders in Canada.
  • Under the law, the Correctional Service of Canada must have reasonable grounds to use a dry cell if they believe an inmate has ingested contraband or is carrying contraband in a body cavity.
  • Dry cells are used as one of many tools to prevent the entry of contraband into institutions.
  • Ingested contraband can have serious impacts on the health and safety of an individual. Dry cells allow close monitoring of inmates to ensure their safety.
  • Dry cell placements are limited to what is reasonably required and used for the shortest possible time. Inmates are provided with adequate bedding, food, clothing, and toiletry articles. CSC also provides reasonable access to medical, spiritual, and psychological assistance, and a medical professional visits the inmate daily.
  • The Service is looking into this situation and will consider additional safeguards and oversight measures in the use of dry cells.

Background – Dry Cells

Dry cells are used to prevent the entry of contraband into institutions. Ingested contraband can have serious impacts on the health and safety of an individual. Dry cells allow close monitoring of inmates that are suspected to have hidden contraband in their body cavities to ensure their safety.

As outlined in section 51 of the Corrections and Conditional Release Act (CCRA) , where the institutional head is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds to believe that an inmate has ingested contraband or is carrying contraband in a body cavity, they may authorize in writing the detention of an inmate in a cell without plumbing fixtures (with notice to medical staff) on the expectation that the contraband will be expelled.

Dry Cell Procedures

Dry cell procedures are followed as per Commissioner's Directive 566-7 Searching of Offenders, where every bowel movement will be searched by a correctional officer/ primary worker. Once it has been determined that the contraband may have been expelled, if any items are recovered the procedures in Commissioner's Directive 568-5 Management of Seized Items will be followed.

As soon as an offender is placed in a dry cell, they are provided the opportunity to retain and instruct legal counsel without delay. While in a dry cell, the inmate is also provided with adequate bedding, food, clothing, and toiletry articles. CSC also provides reasonable access to medical, spiritual, and psychological assistance, and a medical professional visits the inmate daily. Limited activities may be permitted as long as they do not compromise contraband recovery.

Legislation and policy do not prescribe a maximum amount of time an inmate can spend in a dry cell, but policy does prescribe that the placement must be reviewed by the Institutional Head daily, as per Annex E of Commissioner's Directive 566-7. The offender may make written representations for consideration at the daily review.

Dry Cell Enhancements

Over the years, CSC has made a number of enhancements to dry cell requirements. The June 2012 update to the policy framework (Commissioner's Directive 566-7 - Searching of Inmates) introduced national requirements for dry cell placements, which included enhanced oversight and monitoring. Procedural safeguards outlined in policy require that the Institutional Head review the placement on a daily basis. To allow for oversight by someone other than the Institutional Head, the Assistant Deputy Commissioner, Correctional Operations at Regional Headquarters is notified of any placement exceeding 72 hours. Moving forward, CSC will consider additional safeguards and oversight measures relevant to the use of dry cells.

Overrepresentation of Specific Groups in Federal Corrections

Speaking Points:

  • The Government of Canada has acknowledged that Indigenous people, Black Canadians and other racialized people far too often experience systemic racism and disparate outcomes within the criminal justice system.
  • The overrepresentation of Indigenous and Black Canadians in the criminal justice system and correctional institutions is a reflection of the systemic disparities that we must all work to fix. Not just at the Correctional Service of Canada, but at all levels of society and the criminal justice system.
  • It is essential that we all continue to work hard, as individuals and as an organization, to talk about this and do more to ensure that our practices, policies and initiatives address the root causes of inequities to best support Black people, Indigenous peoples and all members of racialized communities.
  • In July, the Service implemented a joint working group with the Parole Board of Canada to look at diversity and racism within the federal corrections and conditional release system.
  • This group completed an initial review of our current policies and programs that address the unique needs of racialized offenders, as well as those aimed at increasing the diversity of our employees. Their review took into consideration existing studies on the issue of over-representation of Black Canadians and Indigenous people in the criminal justice system, including recommendations from the Parliamentary Black Caucus.
  • As we move forward, the Chairperson of the Parole Board of Canada and the Correctional Service of Canada have agreed that, given the difference in the size, mandate and structure of their respective organizations, rather than continue as a Joint Committee, their respective teams will move forward on recommendations and next steps independently, to address their particular environment.
  • Once in Service’s custody, offenders are provided with programs and services that address offenders' needs and assist with their successful reintegration into society. The Service deliver interventions that are guided by evidence in correctional research, relevant theory, and current practices.
  • The Correctional Service of Canada has implemented a unique approach to Indigenous Corrections that is both culturally responsive to, and inclusive of, Indigenous communities, taking into account each individual offender's Indigenous social history, evaluating culturally responsive or restorative options, and determining the best ways to address the rehabilitative needs of the offender.
  • The Service offers Black offenders varied interventions and services aimed at supporting their reintegration. These interventions include addressing cultural employment and mentorship needs. It also includes participation in culturally relevant presentations from community members to offenders and staff, community outreach and access to culturally relevant materials.
  • The Service also benefits from the input of National and Regional Ethnocultural Advisory Committees, where these important issues are discussed.
  • It is time for us, as Canadians and leaders, to recognize and acknowledge the challenges, and most importantly, the power to influence change. As a country, we must and will do better.

Financial Implications:

  • No Financial Implications

Background – Overrepresentation of Specific Groups in Federal Corrections

The Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) continues to observe an increase in the number of federally sentenced Indigenous offenders. CSC also recognizes that there are specific needs for other ethnocultural offender populations, such as Black offenders.

Indigenous Offenders

CSC continues to see an increase in the number of federally sentenced Indigenous offenders. At the end of Fiscal year 2019-2020, Indigenous offenders represented 30% of the total in custody population and Indigenous women offenders represented 44% of the total in custody women population.

CSC is working to respond to the disproportionate representation of Indigenous peoples in custody, through a variety of programs such as:

The National Indigenous Plan which includes streamlining existing Indigenous resources and services to ensure that those offenders choosing to access the Indigenous Continuum of Care interventions are prioritized for placement at specific sites.

  • Indigenous Interventions Centres (IICs) are a key component of regional Indigenous action plans. The IICs integrate intake, programs and interventions, and engage Indigenous communities at the start of an Indigenous offender’s sentence, or at least two years before their first eligibility date.
  • CSC has implemented the Pathways Initiative for offenders who are committed to following an intensive traditional path of healing which includes the active involvement of Elders. The Indigenous Women’s Pathways Continuum provides opportunities for Indigenous women to engage in intensive healing interventions supported by Elders through specific activities.
  • CSC has implemented correctional programming for Indigenous and Inuit offenders, designed to meet their specific needs by including ceremonial sessions, culturally relevant materials and Elder involvement.
  • CSC has developed and continues to deliver Indigenous Social History (ISH) training for staff. The focus of this training is the integration of ISH considerations in decision-making and increased responsiveness to the unique needs of Indigenous offenders in interventions.
  • Responsivity resource kits were developed to provide correctional and education program staff with the tools needed to work and interact effectively with offenders with special needs and/or those that require special considerations in the program context, such as women and Indigenous offenders.

Decisions with respect to sentencing are outside of CSC’s control. CSC does, however, influence the time Indigenous offenders spend in custody by providing culturally responsive programs and interventions to address an Indigenous offender’s risk, provide effective rehabilitation and foster successful community reintegration. There has been a significant increase in the percentage of discretionary releases for Indigenous offenders, from 23.5% in fiscal year 2013-2014 to 40.1% in fiscal year 2019-2020. Additionally, CSC makes targeted efforts to recruit and retain Indigenous employees. CSC is one of the largest employers of Indigenous peoples in the core public administration.

Black Offenders

8.8% of incarcerated offenders identified as Black at the end of 2019-20, while 7.1% of offenders supervised in the community identified as Black. From 2015-2016 to 2019-2020, the proportional decrease of incarcerated Caucasian offenders was 17.0%, and incarcerated Black offenders showed a decrease of 3.2% during the same period.

CSC is conducting research to better understand the experience of ethnocultural offenders under its care, including Black offenders. This multi year project has already highlighted the profile and diversity of this population and Emerging Research Results were produced in 2019. CSC is presently looking at aspects of the in-custody experience, such as participation in correctional programs, education, and employment.

CSC will also be studying how ethnocultural offenders are reintegrating in the community in terms of program participation, employment opportunities and successful completion of sentence. It is anticipated that the full research report will be available in the Fall of 2020. CSC invested $20,000 for this project, in addition to approximately a 1.5 full time employee equivalent from CSC’s Research Branch (combination of research managers, analysts and students). CSC used a combination of internal and external resources, in collaboration with Nipissing University.

In addition to professional internal research capacity, CSC maintains positive collaboration with several Canadian universities for the purpose of conducting studies, research, and reviews. This approach allows CSC to maintain the highest standards of research.

Currently, Black offenders are offered varied interventions and services, aimed at supporting their reintegration. These initiatives include: addressing cultural employment and mentorship needs; participating in culturally relevant presentations from community members; receiving community outreach from community service providers and volunteers; providing culturally-relevant materials for personal development purposes; and recommending and facilitating Day Parole releases to offenders’ home communities, where appropriate.

Additionally, CSC requires employees to complete mandatory Diversity and Cultural Competency Training, as well as provides ongoing professional development opportunities and resources to continually promote and increase staff awareness and inclusive practices.

Finally CSC has strengthened the policy on ethnocultural offenders. Although there are no specific correctional programs for Black offenders, the enrolment and completion rates of Black offenders in the Integrated Correctional Program Model and the Women Offender Correctional Programs show positive participation and results. As offender ethnicity and culture are important responsivity factors in effective correctional programming, initial training for program staff include responsivity factors, how to address them, and how to adapt interventions within programs to the specific needs of ethno cultural offenders.

More specifically, in June 2011, CSC published the Effectiveness of Correctional Programs with Diverse Offenders: A Meta-Analytic Study. Conducted to assess the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural treatment among individuals from a wide range of ethnic and cultural backgrounds, this research revealed that:

  • Overall, all ethnic groups show(ed) a decreased likelihood of recidivism after participating in Correctional Programs;
  • CSC’s Correctional Programs are equally effective across a broad range of ethnic groups, insofar as offenders who participate in programs are less likely to recidivate than non-participants, regardless of ethnic background;
  • In general, ethnocultural offenders face lower re-admittance rates compared to their Caucasian counterparts, are assessed as lower risk, have less extensive criminal histories, fewer previous failures on community supervision, segregation, escape and conditional release, and are accordingly ‘less “entrenched” in criminal lifestyle;
  • Overall, all ethnic groups showed a decreased likelihood of recidivism after participating in correctional programs.

Also, certain institutions benefit from the participation and activities of inmate groups composed of mostly Black offenders. Groups such as Black Inmates and Friends Assembly (BIFA), Christian groups, Rastafarian groups, and Muslim groups bring awareness, educate and develop a sense of belonging and self-esteem among the Black offender population.

 

Joint National Board of Investigation – Correctional Service of Canada/Parole Board of Canada

Speaking Points:

  • Our thoughts remain with the family and friends of Ms. Lévesque for their loss.
  • A Joint National Board of Investigation, including two external co-chairs, was convened by both the Correctional Service of Canada and the Parole Board of Canada, to examine the circumstances that led to this tragic event.
  • Travel and interviews for the Joint National Board of Investigation, which were delayed due to COVID-19, resumed on September 8, 2020. The Joint National Board of Investigation has now completed interviews and expects to conclude its work this fall.
  • When the Joint National Board of Investigation is completed, as promised to Canadians, the results of the investigation will be shared publicly along with any recommendations to be implemented.

Financial Implications:

  • No Financial Implications

 

Background - Joint National Board of Investigation – Correctional Service of Canada/Parole Board of Canada

Federal offender Eustachio Gallese has been serving a life sentence since December 16, 2006. He was convicted of murdering his spouse. The index offence occurred on October 21, 2004. He was first granted Day Parole (DP) on March 26, 2019. On September 19, 2019, his DP was continued while Full Parole was denied. On January 23, 2020, his DP was suspended due to his suspected involvement in another murder. He was charged and convicted of First-Degree Murder on February 27, 2020, in the death of Marylène Lévesque. Gallese remains in federal custody.

Boards of Investigation

Boards of Investigation (BOIs) can be convened jointly by the Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) and the Parole Board of Canada (PBC). BOIs can be conducted for offenders who are charged with a serious offence and when a preliminary review of the case reveals questions as to whether the law, policies or the duty to act fairly were respected.

The purpose of a BOI is to identify areas of systemic concern that must be addressed, such as the need to obtain complete information, training on risk assessment and compliance with the law, policy and procedures. CSC follows up on the recommendations formulated by BOIs by analysing them and by bringing amendments and clarifications to its policy and training programs in order to reduce the likelihood of such incidents in the future.

BOIs are administrative investigations that allow for a thorough review of the actions taken by the PBC/CSC.They are not criminal investigations.

Gallese Joint National BOI – Current Status

The Joint National CSC-PBC BOI into the events surrounding the murder of Marylène Lévesque by offender Eustachio Gallese was convened on February 3, 2020. Preparation, review work and some interviews have already been conducted by the BOI. Based on public health guidance, the COVID-19 situation forced travel, interviews, and meetings related to the work of the Board of Investigation to be suspended on March 20, 2020.

Prior to the suspension of the joint investigation on March 20, 2020, the Board had conducted nine interviews. Since the BOI resumed on September 8, 2020, a total of 16 people have been interviewed, and interviews are now completed. These interviews are necessary to ensure information collection that is both comprehensive and crucial to optimizing the impartiality, integrity and transparency of the findings and recommendations of this investigation.

Upon completion of the Joint National BOI, the results of the investigation will be shared along with any recommendations to be implemented.

The Standing Committee on Public Safety and National Security

Senior officials from PBC and CSC appeared before the Standing Committee on Public Safety and National Security (SECU) on March 10, 2020, regarding their study on “Parole Board and the circumstances that Led to a Young Woman’s Death.”SECU reviews legislation policies, programs and expenditure plans of government departments and agencies responsible for public safety and national security, policing and law enforcement, corrections and conditional release of federal offenders, emergency management, crime prevention and the protection of Canada's borders.

Parole Decision-Making Process

Under the Corrections and Conditional Release Act (CCRA) , PBC members must ensure the following when making a conditional release decision: (1) that the protection of society be the paramount consideration in the determination of any case; and, (2) that the Board make the least restrictive determination consistent with the protection of society.

The CCRA outlines that the Board consider two things when granting parole:

  • That the offender will not, by reoffending, present an undue risk to society before the end of their sentence; and
  • The release of the offender will contribute to the protection of society by facilitating the offender's reintegration to the community as a law-abiding citizen.

Board members conduct a thorough risk assessment in all cases. They consider all relevant and available information in assessing an offender's risk to re-offend, such as mitigating, neutral, and aggravating factors; as well as information presented during the hearing or review, in order to render a final decision.

Statistics

In 2018-2019, 99.9 per cent of offenders on day parole completed their supervision period without committing a violent offence.

2019-2020 Annual Report Office of the Correctional Investigator

Speaking Points:

  • The Correctional Service of Canada welcomes the findings and recommendations made by the Correctional Investigator of Canada in his Annual Report.
  • The Office of the Correctional Investigator plays a critical role in assisting the Correctional Service of Canada in fulfilling its mandate to support offender rehabilitation and maintain public safety by identifying areas that can be improved in the federal correctional system.
  • In the 2019-2020 Annual Report, the Correctional Investigator has reported on three important issues: education and vocational training for federal offenders; therapeutic ranges; and sexual coercion and violence in CSC institutions. There is also a recommendation regarding the deeply personal issue of Medical Assistance in Dying within correctional institutions.
  • Each of these issues requires careful consideration and meaningful action to address the recommendations. While some work is underway already, more can and will be done.
  • The Correctional Service of Canada look forward to working closely with the Office of the Correctional Investigator to ensure that we achieve enhanced results in the areas identified in this report.

Background - 2019-2020 Annual Report Office of the Correctional Investigator

Under the provisions of the Corrections and Conditional Release Act (CCRA) (Part III), the Correctional Investigator (CI) serves as the Ombudsman for federal offenders. His primary responsibility is to independently investigate and facilitate resolution of offender issues.

The CCRA stipulates that the CI shall, within three months after the end of each fiscal year, submit a report to the Minister of the activities of the Office of the Correctional Investigator (OCI) during that year. The Minister is required to table the report in Parliament within the first 30 sitting days following its receipt. The 2019-2020 Annual Report of the OCI was submitted to the Minister on June 26, 2020 and was tabled in Parliament on October 27, 2020.

The Annual Report for 2019 - 20 provides 13 recommendations, nine of which are directed to Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) and the remaining four are directed to the Minister of Public Safety. Recommendations are centred around three main themes: Sexual Coercion and Violence (SCV) within correctional institutions; therapeutic ranges at male maximum security institutions, and; educational and vocational training offered to offenders in institutions. There is also a recommendation on the medical ethics of access to Medical Assistance in Dying within correctional institutional settings, offender transportation, independent patient advocacy and the use of distraction devices.

Sexual Coercion and Violence (SCV) involving Inmates in Correctional Institutions

The report made four recommendations to CSC and two to the Minister of Public Safety related to SCV in institutions. The recommendations include the development of an evidence-based strategy for the prevention of SCV as well as a Commissioner’s Directive; education, awareness and training programs on SCV, as well as a specific flag in OMS for perpetrators. The recommendations to the Minister were to direct CSC to designate funds for an independent national prevalence study and introduce a legislative package that endorses a zero-tolerance approach to sexual violence and establishes a public reporting mechanism.

A zero-tolerance approach to SCV is consistent with CSC’s policy and is fundamental to its operations. CSC’s priority is to protect the physical and mental health and overall safety of those who live and work within federal correctional institutions. CSC agrees with the OCI that it is important to gain a better understanding of SCV in Canada.

CSC has a framework in place to establish safe correctional environments, which promotes effective correctional operations and interventions through the use of dynamic security, and contributes to the safety of the public, staff, and offenders (Commissioner’s Directive (CD) 566 – Framework for Safe and Effective Correctional Environments). Specifically, all staff who directly interact with offenders must apply dynamic security practices while carrying out their responsibilities. This includes continually enhancing their knowledge of offenders’ activities and behaviours (both positive and negative) through direct observation and interactions. CSC promotes the use of dynamic security practices for the prevention of security incidents, including incidents of SCV. Cases of sexual violence, when made known to staff, must immediately be reported and investigated.

In the case of a sexual assault or an allegation of a sexual assault, the Correctional Manager, Operational Desk, must notify the police force of primary jurisdiction, as per CD 568- 4 – Preservation of Crime Scene and Evidence. As well, any staff member made aware of a sexual assault must report it under CD 568-1 – Recording and Reporting of Security Incidents; sexual assaults also require a Warden’s Situation Report under CD 041 – Incident Investigations. This would require the site to collect all the relevant facts surrounding the assault/allegations in order to have the Warden’s report completed.

A survey on SCV in federal corrections is being led by Public Safety and will be conducted by external, fully independent experts. The survey will be collecting information that will help inform correctional policy and practice in responding to sexual violence in federal institutions. The research will collect information and data in order to identify gaps in knowledge. The research will consider the unique challenges faced by vulnerable populations, including inmates with prior trauma, LGBTQ2+, women, and those with mental health issues. An interim report on the work undertaken is set to be developed by Spring 2021 and will help inform future actions required to detect, prevent, and respond to sexual violence in correctional institutions.

Moreover, given the serious nature of the issue, the Minister of Public Safety has agreed to write to the Standing Committee on Public Safety and National Security requesting that consideration be given to undertaking an independent study, along with a report on their findings, on SCV in federal corrections.

Therapeutic Ranges

The report recommends that CSC conduct an external review of its Therapeutic Range resourcing model, and to ensure that bed capacity and staffing reflects the needs of Mental Health Services.

CSC is committed to conducting a thorough review of Therapeutic Ranges by the end of 2022. The review will draw on the knowledge of external experts and will be led by our National Senior Psychologist. This review will also consider recommendations put forward in an external review completed for CSC on the integration of traditional and Western healing and options for implementation on Therapeutic Ranges. The purpose of the review will be to ensure that a therapeutic environment has been implemented and that opportunities for treatment interventions and work with Elders and Indigenous services staff are maximized.

CSC will continue reviewing infrastructure and staffing requirements to support a therapeutic environment, including optimal placement for observation cells and Pinel Restraint System beds.

Addressing the mental health needs of offenders through timely assessment, effective management, appropriate intervention, relevant staff training and rigorous oversight is a corporate priority for CSC. The Correctional Service of Canada has an integrated Mental Health Strategy and a mental health service delivery model to ensure essential mental health care services match the needs of the offender population. Offenders have access to mental health care provided by qualified mental health professionals and are based on an individual’s need assessment.

Educational and Vocational training

The report recommends that the Minister of PS establish an expert working group to guide implementation of the OCI’s current and past recommendations on education and vocational training in federal corrections.

Reintegration outcomes for federal offenders can be improved through access to opportunities that contribute to rehabilitation such as education and vocational training. In line with its mandate to support reintegration of offenders, CSC has committed to continuing to modernize its education and employment programs.

CSC will review and consider all recommendations made by external and internal partners and stakeholders to improve employment training and education for those in federal correctional facilities.

There are currently a number of initiatives in progress that are planned to be implemented, evaluated and reported on, therefore an expert working group, as recommended by the CI, will not be introduced at this time. It may be considered later, once the current initiatives have been evaluated and, where appropriate, implemented. The Commissioner will provide an update to the Minister of Public Safety on progress in June 2021.

CSC agrees that digital literacy is a critical element of a modern education and has begun work toward improving it. For example, CSC will be implementing the Digital Education pilot project at Bath Institution by the end of this fiscal year. This digital Learning Management System will enable offenders to obtain specific high school credits through restricted internet connectivity to approved sites via a Virtual Private Network (VPN). CSC will review the pilot project and use what it learns to explore possible further expansion of online educational and training activities for offenders. Future improvements will be balanced with security requirements and are dependent on resource availability.

It should be noted that CSC has already developed and implemented comprehensive programs, intervention, educational and employment strategies so that offenders can acquire tools and skills they need to safely transition into the community. More specifically, institutional and community employment initiatives across the country have been enhanced for women offenders to meet their employment needs. A great example of this includes CSC continuing work with Indigenous communities and partners at the national, regional and local levels to respond to the needs of Indigenous offenders. The Indigenous Offender Employment Initiative continues to build on its successes since implementation commenced in 2017.

The relaunch of CSC’s farm agriculture programs at Collins Bay and Joyceville institutions is another great example of supporting programs to enhance offender skills.

Medical Assistance in Dying (MAID)

The report recommends that the Minister of PS, jointly with the Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada, create an expert Committee to deliberate on the ethical and practical matter of MAID in all places of detention.

The Minister is aware that the Department of Justice has recently reviewed the federal MAID legislation, in consultation with Canadians, experts, practitioners, stakeholders, Indigenous groups, as well as provinces and territories.

CSC is solely responsible for any matters related to the implementation of the MAID legislation in federal penitentiaries, and CSC and the PBC share responsibility for various release options for offenders related to their choice to access MAID. However, it is also recognized that the assistance of medical ethics and other experts reviewing this complex and deeply personal issue will be beneficial to inform MAID in a correctional institution setting.

The Minister of Public Safety has committed to conducting a review of the medical ethics of MAID in correctional settings by the end of 2021 to better understand and address any outstanding issues.

2019-2020 Access to Information and Privacy Act Annual Report

Speaking Points:

  • The Correctional Service of Canada is committed to providing Canadians with timely responses to Access to Information and Privacy requests.
  • The Service works diligently to ensure the privacy of Canadians is protected and that information is shared only where appropriate and in compliance with all existing laws, policies, and guidelines.
  • Continuous improvements are being made to the Access to Information and Privacy function to strengthen the Service commitment to this key responsibility.

Background - 2019-2020 Access to Information and Privacy Act Annual Report

Pursuant to Section 72 of both the Access to Information Act (ATIA) and the Privacy Act (PA), the Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness is scheduled to table the Correctional Service of Canada’s (CSC) AnnualATIA and PA Reports before the House of Commons within 15 sitting days after September 1, 2020.

The information in CSC’s Annual Reports highlights the year’s activities for access to information and privacy requests, including supporting statistics. CSC continues to receive a high volume ofATIA and PA requests that are increasingly complex in nature.

Access to Information

In 2019-2020, CSC received 435 ATIA requests. Four hundred and forty-four requests were outstanding from the previous reporting period for a total of 879 requests requiring processing in 2019-2020.

The Access to Information and Privacy (ATIP) Division completed 508 formal access to information requests during the reporting period – 72 percent of these requests were closed beyond the statutory deadline, a 19 percent increase from the previous fiscal year. It is expected this trend will continue given the backlog and volume of incoming requests.

The ATIP Division also received 283 informalATIA requests. A total of 408 requests were carried over from the previous reporting period, totaling 691 informal requests requiring processing in 2019-2020. Thirty-one informal requests were closed during the reporting period. Informal requests included releasing information through informal means where possible; including the review of audit and evaluation reports, lists of briefing notes and previously released requests.

Privacy

In 2019-2020, CSC received 7,063 PA requests. A total of 16,008 requests were carried over from the previous reporting year, totaling 23,071 requests requiring processing in 2019-2020.

The ATIP Division completed 3,128 formal PA requests during the reporting period – 84 percent of these requests were closed beyond the statutory deadline, a 4 percent decrease from the previous fiscal year.

In addition, the ATIP Division received 528 informal requests. A total of 1,196 requests were carried over from the previous reporting period, totaling 1,724 informal requests requiring processing in 2019-2020. Five hundred and fifty-five informal requests were closed during the reporting period. Informal requests included releasing information through informal means where possible, processing requests under subsection 8(2) of the PA, excluding paragraphs 8(2)(e), and 8(2)(m), and reviewing investigation reports, including fact-finding, harassment, disciplinary, and workplace violence reports.

CSC holds large amounts of personal information, and as a result, the biggest challenge the ATIP Division continues to face is the volume of requests received under the PA and the limited resources within the Division.

During the last fiscal year, CSC continued to make it a priority to address the backlog. As a result of the volume of requests coming in and in an effort to prevent additional files from going late, the ATIP Division continues to have two dedicated teams to address these files, while the remaining team focuses on current requests. In addition, overtime is used to address the urgent backlog files.

Complaints and Audits

During the reporting period, the Office of the Information Commissioner notified CSC of 62 complaints made against CSC in relation to requests for information under the ATIA. This represents a slight increase in the number of complaints received previous fiscal year (53 complaints were received in 2018-2019). At the end of the fiscal year, there were 93 active complaints remaining.

The Office of the Privacy Commissioner (OPC) notified CSC of 441 complaints with regard to responses to PA requests that CSC processed. This represents a slight increase in the number of complaints received the previous fiscal year (355 complaints were received in 2018-2019). At the end of the fiscal year, there were 501 active complaints remaining.

During the last fiscal year, CSC ATIP worked closely with the OPC and committed to responding to 177 outstanding complaints - 129 files were closed.

Training and Awareness

The ATIP Division continues to prepare and update procedures, policies and content on CSC’s internal and external website to provide the most up-to-date information for staff and requesters. Due to the vast quantities of personal information handled by CSC, the ATIP Division continues to be proactive in promoting awareness regarding the safeguarding of its information holdings and stresses in each training session how to avoid breaches. Eighteen training sessions were delivered this reporting period – 201 employees received ATIP training at National Headquarters and in the regions.

Policies, Guidelines, Procedures and Initiatives

The ATIP Division continues to look at ways to streamline and update operating procedures. During the reporting period, the ATIP Division liaised with sectors and regions to explore broadening the scope of processing request informally; continued work with provincial Crowns to finalize a Memorandum of Understanding for a streamlined process in response to court proceedings for dangerous offender designation and long-term supervision orders; and implemented a process for proactive disclosure.

Material Privacy Breaches

During the 2019-2020 reporting period, the ATIP Division reported 47 material privacy breaches to the OPC and Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat. These breaches consisted of disclosure of personal information (1) due to human error; (2) to outside parties; (3) electronic access to information without a need to know; (4) theft/loss of records/electronic assets; and (5) victim information.

CSC takes breaches of personal information seriously and continues to educate staff on the protection of personal information.

Privacy Impact Assessments (PIAs)

There were no PIAs completed during the 2019-2020 reporting period.

Measures and Mitigation Strategies for COVID-19

The ATIP Division faced some challenges at the outset of the pandemic. These included the ability to work remotely as most employees did not have laptops; limited access to the Virtual Private Network (VPN); accepting new requests and correspondence from requesters and stakeholders as on-site work was not permitted; and Offices of Primary Interest performing front-line services could not respond to retrieval requests. However, the ATIP Division quickly implemented mitigation strategies, including the provision of laptops to all employees; a staggered onsite shift for a minimum number of administrative employees to address incoming and outgoing mail; the gradual opening of the VPN; adopting E-post; and implementing digital signatures.

Incident Management

Speaking Points:

  • Our government is focused on ensuring that federal correctional institutions provide a safe and secure environment that is conducive to inmate rehabilitation, staff safety and the protection of the public.
  • The Service recognizes the challenges associated with working in a correctional environment and have a number of strategies in place to manage and reduce violent incidents in its institutions.
  • Professional correctional staff are trained to safely handle and defuse difficult situations. The Correctional Service of Canada is actively involved in exchanging best practices with domestic and international partners to prevent and address violence in institutions.
  • Ensuring the safety and security of institutions, staff, and public remains the highest priority in the operations of the federal correctional system. Prison violence is not tolerated. Disciplinary action is taken and, in some cases, criminal charges are laid against offenders involved in violent incidents.

Background - Incident Management

The Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) assists offenders in mitigating the risk that they present. Since different offenders require different degrees of control, CSC operates institutions at three levels of security: maximum, medium and minimum. In addition, there are currently structured intervention units for offenders who cannot be housed within the regular institutional populations, and a Special Handling Unit in the Quebec Region, which is reserved for those offenders who pose a serious and persistent risk to the safety of staff, offenders or the general public.

Dynamic security, or interaction between staff and offenders, is an important component of preventing incidents, including violent incidents. Through ongoing observation and interaction, dynamic security enables staff to gauge the climate of the institution, notice changes in behaviour that may preclude an incident, and develop a level of trust and confidence, which can facilitate the imparting of intelligence information to staff by offenders.

In addition to using dynamic security as a means of attempting to prevent violence, CSC has various strategies which include: the management of Security Threat Groups such as gangs, organized crime members and affiliates, and incompatible offenders; intelligence gathering and analysis processes; measures to prevent the entry of drugs and other contraband into institutions through the use of metal detectors, x-ray machines, drug dogs, ion scanners, perimeter intrusion devices and fence detection systems; and urinalysis testing.

Incidents of Sexual Assault Toward Inmates in Institutions

CSC takes all allegations of sexual assault very seriously. Sexual assaults are both criminal and institutional offences and are required to be reported immediately. Immediate action is required to ensure that the physical and mental health needs, as well as the safety needs of the inmate are met. When an offender discloses an institutional sexual assault to a staff member, the staff member is required to immediately contact their manager and the institution’s Health Services Unit, in order for the appropriate health interventions to be conducted. If required, prophylactic medications and presumptive treatment of sexually transmitted infections are provided. The inmate is also interviewed promptly and evidence is collected when appropriate. In some cases, offenders may also be transferred to an outside hospital for assessment and treatment.

Current Status

Maximum Security Units – A new model for maximum-security (housing) units has been developed. The primary features include on-unit programming, services, support and recreational space, thus reducing the need for off-unit movement of offenders permitting more controlled activities and association; enhanced security observation and armed intervention capabilities; and the inclusion of an open work location strategically placed in the main circulation area to facilitate dynamic security.

Incident Management – In responding to any emergency situation, the specific goals are to: isolate and contain the emergency quickly; restore order as soon as possible; ensure personal safety; resolve the incident with a use of force limited to only what is necessary and proportionate; prevent escapes; and minimize damage to property. All institutions have contingency plans to deal with emergencies. In addition to all staff being trained to respond to emergencies, specialized Emergency Response Teams (ERTs) are established in higher security institutions (note that minimum-security and healing lodges do not have individualized ERT members).

The management and control of situations is accomplished through a framework which includes, but is not limited to, the use of: protective equipment and portable personal alarms for staff; restraint equipment; chemical and inflammatory agents; and firearms.

Lockdowns – Depending on the nature of the incident, a lockdown of a portion of, or the entire, institution may be ordered. This ensures the protection of evidence, enables staff to search for weapons and other contraband, and ensures the safety of the offenders as well as staff. Lockdowns do not only occur in connection with an incident. For example, if information is received that a weapon is being hidden in the institution, a lockdown for an “exceptional search”, as per section 53 of the Corrections and Conditional Release Act, could be ordered.

Investigations – Investigations are conducted, the purpose of which is to determine factors contributing to the incident and presenting information that will help prevent similar incidents from occurring. CSC continually evaluates the results to ensure a safe and secure environment for all.

4. Committee Overview

Summary of Meeting on Minister’s Mandate Letter

Monday, November 2, 2020 – 6:30 p.m. to 8:30 p.m.

Witnesses:

The Honourable Bill Blair, P.C., M.P., Minister
Mr. John Ossowski, President, CBSA
Mr. David Vigneault, Director, CSIS
Ms. Anne Kelly, Commissioner, CSC
Ms. Jennifer Oades, Chairperson, PBC
Mr. Rob Stewart, Deputy Minister, PS
Ms. Brenda Lucki, Commissioner, RCMP

Opening remarks

In his opening remarks, Minister Blair gave an overview of actions being taken by PS with regard to the Pandemic with respect to border protection. He went on to outline the upcoming firearms, and Civilian Review and Complaints Commission’s review powers legislation. He also indicated that he is looking forward to co-developing a legislative framework for First Nations policing that will take action to address systemic inequities in all phases of the criminal justice system. Other issues that PS is looking at are threats against Canada by hostile foreign entities and combatting systemic racism.

Questions

CPC

Minister Blair indicated that following the tragedy in Nova Scotia, he reached out to the provincial government. He knew that people would need answers and the Government wanted to be sure that people received a fulsome answer to their concerns. He explained that the Government has agreed to examine everything that happened in Nova Scotia and to make recommendations at the Provincial and Federal level. He stressed that he knows that families have concerns and has heard that they were not satisfied with the review, and that a public enquiry has been empowered to work on the issue.

Furthermore, the Minister indicated that he has been working with the Parole Board and that on November 9 and 23 an initiative to have victims be part of parole hearings will be in place.

Minister Blair explained the steps the Government is taking to deal with gang violence including: financing police, strengthening gun control and removal of unlawful firearms, new firearms legislation, investment in the RCMP to help more effectively stop firearms smuggling.

Minister Blair indicated that the Government has taken an aggressive stance on the issue of the Pandemic.

In response to exemptions being given to CEOs to cross into Canada, Minister Blair indicated that exemptions have been very effective and border agents have been working effectively.

Minister Blair indicated that activity by hostile state actors is constantly monitored, including in the area of syphoning of medical equipment to China. Director Vigneault explained that CSIS is aware and investigates these actions and takes measures to stop these threats.

Minister Blair outlined the support that the Government is getting in response to the ban of assault rifles and that he is taking the necessary action to strengthen gun control.

Minister Blair indicated that he agrees with the OCI’s recommendation to cease MAID in correctional facilities.

Minister Blair indicated that no billionaires are being given carte-blanche to cross borders. He explained that national interest exemptions are given for many reasons and there is a regime to ensure that Canadians are not put at risk.

Minister Blair indicated that the Government has been reinvesting in the RCMP laboratory capacity.

LIB

The Minister indicated that the pandemic has brought to light the significant issues faced by low income people and that there he will look at all systemic issues. He stressed that there must be a reform of criminal records, looking at sentencing issues and ways to make pardons more accessible.

Minister Blair outlined measures taken by PS to limit the spread of Covid-19 in correctional institutions.

When asked if the Minister would update his mandate letter to refine timelines and add targets with regard to issues such as employment training for inmates, the Minister indicated that there needs to be transparency. He explained that he has worked closely with Dr. Zinger and that the OCI reports are very helpful. He agreed that timelines need to be clearly defined and that Commissioners want to be effective.

Commissioner Lucki explained that time is needed to study the finding on the Colin Bushi case and that the report would be ready before the end of Fall this year.

Minister Blair explained that he has been working closely with the commissioner of the RCMP to deal with systemic racism. Commissioner Lucki provided an overview of the initiatives that are being taken to address this issue, including but not limited to:

  • updating de-escalation training and yearly recertification training
  • working with police chiefs on an intervention framework and wellness calls and best ways to deal with the calls
  • providing stats on the RCMP website including physical interventions, employee diversity
  • Anti-racism training
  • Mandatory cultural and humility training
  • Looking at race-based data
  • Looking at body worn cameras by testing them in Nunavut
  • Increase the use of restorative justice
  • Improving cadet program
  • Missing persons module added to the cadet training manual

Minister Blair indicated that Canada has now returned to 2019 levels of commercial traffic and that restrictions for non-essential travel have been effective in slowing the incidence of Covid.

Minister Blair indicated that the Government is seized with ensuring hostile state actors are not hurting Canadians. He pointed out theNSICOP report that identified the growing risk of activities of certain countries and specifically China that could be contrary to Canadians and assured the Committee that the Government is working to protect Canadians against undue influence

Commissioner Lucki indicated that with regard to systemic racism, the RCMP is looking at the organization as a whole and looking at policies and procedures, including their recruiting process, to ensure that they are reflective of the communities they serve.

Commissioner Kelly explained that education/vocational training and employment are key factors for the success of offenders. When looking at 2017-18, there has been significant increases in training. She went on to provide stats on the 2019-20 results on vocational certifications of all kinds. She explained that CSC is moving toward digital services.

BLOC

Minister Blair indicated that PS reached out to the American government to discuss restricting non-essential travel while ensuring the movement of required goods and that this was done with great speed in order to make it happen. He also explained that borders will remain closed as long as necessary. He ensured the Bloc that he is in constant contact with the Union representing Border personnel and that he engages regularly with Quebec counterparts as well as those across Canada. He explained that borders will be closed for as long as it is necessary to protect Canadians.

Minister Blair indicated that the movement of irregular migrants have been restricted as part of Covid measures resulting is a significant decrease. He explained that the Justice Department is seeking clarity from the Courts on the safe third party agreement and that Canada and the US are working closely to modernize the agreement.

Minister Blair explained that business executives are not given exemptions to cross the border unless they are engaged in essential work and only then can the border agent make a decision. He explained that processes have been established which are managed by IRCC and PHAC.

Minister Blair indicated that body cameras are not a panacea and that the best evidence of their efficacy is interaction with the public. He stressed the need for accountability. He explained that video evidence is compelling and the basis of strong reform. He further explained that body cameras are just one measure being taken to reduce incidents and that the Government continues to make changes to policing models.

Minister Blair explained that he believes the measures being taken to crack down on firearms have been very effective and have stopped the market for those firearms. He indicated that the legislation will look at establishing an evergreen process to identify at risk weapons in order to keep Canadians safe.

NDP

Minister Blair explained that with regard to the tragedy in Nova Scotia, there was no intention to hide anything from the public and that steps have been taken to do a public enquiry.

He went on to explain police jurisdiction is a matter of the province of Nova Scotia with regard to the incidents with fishermen being attacked. He explained that charges have been laid and investigations are ongoing.

Commissioner Lucki explained that she has learned a lot about systemic racism in the RCMP and has been listening, learning and consulting with many different groups. She has led the development of an action plan with a range of stakeholders and has 17 initiatives that are being looked at and implemented. She indicated that these initiatives are currently listed on the RCMP website.

Minister Blair indicated that Anthony Doob has been brought in to assist the Government with the implementation of SIUs in correctional facilities and that legislation to help reduce the risk to Black and Indigenous populations in the prison system will be implemented.

The Minister indicated that he thought the committee would be interested in participating in the decision making process with regard to CSC legislation. He stressed that he is committed to doing everything necessary to improve outcomes for people in correctional facilities.

GP

Minister Blair agreed that there is no place for systemic racism and hate groups in police organizations.

Follow-up

The Minister agreed to provide the Committee with a breakdown of the percentage of rail cars are inspected when crossing the Canadian border.

Commissioner Kelly committed to providing a breakdown of infrastructure spending for SIUs.

Follow-Up Response on Structured Intervention Units Funding

Question

Anne Kelly: But in terms of the money that's been allocated for the first year 2019-20, it was around $48.5 million. Some monies went to health, some to human resources, and some to SIUs. We had to hire correctional officers, program officers, parole officers, nurses. We had to train the staff that included the Correctional Training Program for CS.

Ms. Pam Damoff:Commissioner, could we get a breakdown sent to the committee of how much was spent on infrastructure and now much was spent on everything else?

Response

Establishment of SIUs

The implementation of Structured Intervention Units (SIUs) was part of a historic transformation of the federal correctional system that saw the elimination of administrative segregation. The Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) is committed to the successful implementation of the SIUs, which required significant infrastructure investments to create new SIU units, develop the technology to be able to track the movement/activities of inmates in SIUs, and ensuring bolstered and effective programming.

The SIUs were launched only three and a half months before the unprecedented global pandemic, which continues to have significant operational impacts for CSC. To protect inmates, our employees and the public, we implemented extensive infection prevention and control measures. We are working to more fully assess the impacts of the current pandemic on our operations, including SIUs, and are looking at additional measures we can take to increase time out of SIUs and meaningful human interaction.

While in SIUs, inmates have the opportunity for a minimum of four hours a day for time outside of a cell, including two hours a day of meaningful human contact. These opportunities are objectively measurable and will allow CSC to track inmates’ time out of cell and interactions with others. This information is provided to IEDMs during case reviews as well as to report on the effectiveness of SIUs. While, CSC must provide inmates with an opportunity for daily time out of cell entitlements, there are instances when:

  • The inmate refuses the opportunities to spend time out of their cell.
  • The inmate, at the time that the opportunity to spend time out of their cell is offered, does not comply with reasonable instructions to ensure their safety or that of any other person or the security of the institution.

Individuals placed in an SIU receive inmate pay for participating in their assigned programs, have leisure time and visits, and have access to their personal property. In addition, inmates transferred to an SIU can continue or start correctional programming, interventions and services that will address their specific risks or behaviours that have led to the transfer. Teachers are available in SIUs to deliver education programs based on the education assessments, needs, and objectives of inmates.

While in an SIU, Indigenous inmates continue to have access to Elders/Spiritual Advisors, Indigenous liaison officers, and traditional and spiritual practices. They also continue to receive opportunities to engage in spiritual and cultural activities and ceremonies including smudging and, as permitted, attending sweat lodges. All inmates continue to have access to chaplains representing all faiths and spiritual activities.

To support the implementation of SIUs, CSC has put in place a recruitment strategy to ensure that we have the necessary personnel to successfully apply the new model. This includes training of Correctional Officers and Primary Workers, many of whom will work in SIUs. CSC is currently in the pre-planning phase of building a permanent National Training Academy in Kingston, Ontario (anticipated to be completed by mid-2025), however; in the meantime, we entered into a contract with Holland College in March 2019 to deliver Correctional Training Programs. This contract will ensure that SIUs are appropriately staffed.

Since their implementation on November 30, 2019, SIUs have been closely monitored through independent bodies that were set up as transparency and accountability measures. In addition to the Implementation Advisory Panel (IAP), which Dr. Doob chaired, Independent External Decisions Makers (IEDM) were put in place to provide oversight related to an inmate's conditions and duration of confinement in an SIU. This is done in real-time across the country. In a large majority of cases, for reviews related to an inmate’s conditions of confinement, IEDMs have confirmed that CSC is meeting its obligations to provide opportunities for time out of cell and interactions with others. Data from these decision makers is showing that of the IEDM decisions to date, around 80% of the reviews resulted in the IEDM being satisfied that CSC took all reasonable steps to provide for time out of cell and interactions, and to encourage the inmate to avail themselves of those opportunities. For the remaining 20% or so of the cases, they made recommendations to CSC that were addressed. The IEDM must order the removal of the inmate if the IEDM is not satisfied that CSC has taken all reasonable steps. In approximately 2% of the cases, they asked for the removal of an inmate from an SIU.

CSC has also made investments to its infrastructure to adapt existing spaces to the requirements for SIUs. As the SIU concept was being developed and refined, CSC developed facilities requirements, which typically translated into the appropriate number and sizes of common rooms, program rooms, interview rooms, interior recreation space, outdoor yards and staff work areas. Regionally-managed projects were initiated for each intended SIU site, in order to identify the work required to stand up each SIU. Each region developed mitigation strategies that would be required if and when work would not be complete by November 30th, 2019, when SIUs went live.

Work is still underway at most sites, and thus mitigation strategies, such as using existing space until renovations are completed, are in effect. Restrictions on access by contractors to avoid the introduction of COVID-19 into Institutions has resulted in delays in some projects.

Increasing Health Care Supports

Former Bill C-83 did not focus solely on SIUs. It was also about increasing the health care supports and interventions for all inmates, including mental health. It was about strengthening support to health care professionals to ensure CSC is meeting its obligation to provide care equivalent to community standards. The decision to place an inmate in an SIU includes an assessment of the inmate’s needs, including consideration of mental health. If and when an inmate is placed in an SIU, they continue to have access to essential health services to address their all of their needs including mental health. Further, a health care professional may recommend to the institutional head that the conditions of confinement be modified or that the inmate be removed from the SIU for health reasons.

The health of individuals placed in SIUs is monitored and assessed on an ongoing basis. Regulated health professionals will assess the mental health of inmates within 24 hours of being transferred to an SIU and every 14 days thereafter. Also, inmates in SIUs will receive daily health care visits by a registered health professional and an in-depth mental health assessment will be completed within 28 days.

Health care governance has been strengthened to provide greater autonomy and clinical independence to health care professionals within correctional facilities. If, at any time, a registered health care professional believes that, due to health reasons, an inmate should not remain in the SIU or that the inmate’s conditions of confinement should be altered, the registered health care professional will make a recommendation in writing to the institutional head. The institutional head must make a decision as soon as practicable. If the institutional head does not implement the recommendation, the Health Committee that is chaired by the Assistant Commissioner of Health Services will review the inmate’s case. If the health care recommendation is again not implemented, the IEDM will review the inmate’s case and make a determination if the inmate should remain in the SIU or if the conditions of confinement should be altered.

Patient advocacy services are also provided to inmates in designated penitentiaries to help them understand their health care rights and responsibilities, as recommended by the Ashley Smith Inquest.

In addition to health services specific to inmates in SIUs, CSC is enhancing health services for all inmates with mental health needs. Funding associated with Bill C-83 provided for additional health professional resources, including psychiatric services, to support integrated health care and the early assessment and diagnosis of mental illness. Practically, this means there are more healthcare resources (including nurses, expanded psychiatry hours, social workers, nurse practitioners, etc.) to support early and sustained integrated health interventions to prevent circumstances that might lead to unnecessary admission to SIUs. These enhancements will ensure inmates with mental illness are on the right pathway of care and receiving appropriate and timely treatment.

CSC - Transforming Federal Corrections - Budgets and Expenditures
  2019-2020 2020-2021
Operating - Vote 1 Funding Expenditures Funding P6 expenditures
Health 4,903,892 6,273,999 11,903,872 3,694,408
Main Stream - Institution 2,332,791 2,944,425 2,332,791 2,269,474
Professional Practice Leads 1,523,349 641,815 2,899,500 320,180
Regional Treatment Centres 1,047,752 2,687,759 6,671,581 1,104,754
Structured Intervention Units 16,567,659 25,743,860 31,075,147 15,849,044
SIU 15,081,630 15,651,032 29,589,118 14,487,086
Independent External Decision Makers 1,486,029 652,334 1,486,029 669,977
Infrastructure 1   7,257,263   279,186
Implementation & Management Teams   1,672,710   387,921
Information Management Services 2   433,707   1,512
Chaplaincy   76,814   23,36
Human Resource Management 21,199,636 13,636,637 8,318,817 4,035,949
Learning and Development 17,176,125 9,896,624 8,318,817 4,009,063
Recruitment 4,023,511 3,740,014   26,886
Internal Services 5,880,538 229,548 7,069,380 70,019
Grand Total - Operating - Vote 1 48,551,725 45,884,045 58,367,216 23,649,419
  2019-2020 2020-2021
Capital - Vote 5 Funding Expenditures Funding P6 expenditures
Infrastructure Footnote 1   6,107,718   241,421
Information Technology Footnote 2   1,445,912   705,412
Grand Total - Capital - Vote 5   7,553,631   946,832

*1) Renovations costs to convert/adjust existing non-segregation units into the new SIU model Return to footnote 1 referrer

*2) Digital oversight and creation of an SIU application. Return to footnote 2 referrer

Breakdown of Staffing for Transforming Federal Corrections by Classification/Person Years
Classification 2019-20 Actual PYs P6 2020-21 Actual PYs Planned Year End PYs 2020-2021
Parole Officer, Correctional Program Officer, Social Program Officer, Aboriginal Liaison Officer 59.93 61.27 125.48
Nurses 13.79 10.21 21.39
Correctional Officers 77.54 73.25 148.09
Other – Health and wellbeing-related* 16.18 12.04 23.91
Other –Administration and support** 41.9 22.69 54.58
Total 209.34 179.46 373.45
*Includes Education Services, Hospital Services, Law Practitioner, Medicine, Occupational and Physical Therapy, Pharmacy, Psychology, and Social Work
**Includes Administrative Services, Clerical and Regulatory, Informatics, Executive Group, Human Resources Management, Purchasing and Supply, and Students.

Committee Membership Profile

Liberal Party of Canada

Photo: John McKay

Name:
John McKay

Other Role(s):
Chair of SECU

Riding:
Scarborough—Guildwood

Province:
Ontario

Preferred Language:
English

CSC Facilities in Riding:
Nil

Year First Elected:
1997

Past Profession:
Canadian Lawyer and Politician

Statements on the Issue

  • Interests related to Indigenous people in the federal correctional system
 
Photo: Pam Damoff

Name:
Pam Damoff   

Other Role(s):
Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Indigenous Services

Riding:           
Oakville North—Burlington    

Province:       
Ontario           

Preferred Language:
English

CSC Facilities in Riding:     
Nil       

 

Year First Elected:   
2015   

Past Profession:       
Former Real Estate Developer

Statements on the Issue:    

  • Shows interest in topics related to Correctional Services
  • Recently spoke in favor of a study on how to rehabilitate people in prison to ensure offender don’t reoffend
  • Showed interest in Indigenous women offender
  • Recently spoke out on rising numbers of Indigenous and Black Canadians in prison
  • Recently showed interest in programming
  • Asked Commissioner for a breakdown SIU funding
 
Photo: Angelo Iacono

Name:
Angelo Iacono

Other Role(s):
Member of Library of Parliament

Riding:
Alfred—Pellan

Province:
Quebec          

Preferred Language:
French/English

CSC Facilities in Riding:
Federal Training Centre         

Year First Elected:
2011   

Past Profession:
Former Lawyer           

Statements on the Issue:

  • Recently asked a question pertaining to COVID-19 measures in prisons
 
Photo: Kamal Khera

Name:
Kamal Khera

Other Role(s):
Parliamentary Secretary of the Minister of International Development

Riding:
Brampton West

Province:
Ontario           

Preferred Language:
English

CSC Facilities in Riding:
Nil

Year First Elected:
2015

Past Profession:
Former registered nurse

Statements on the Issue:

  • Defended the current appointment process of PBC members
  • Recently showed interest in systemic racism and use of force in prison
 
Photo: Joël Lightbound

Name:
Joël Lightbound

Other Role(s):
Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness

Riding:           
Louis-Hébert  

Province:       
Quebec

Preferred Language:
French/English           

CSC Facilities in Riding:     
Nil

Year First Elected:   
2015   

Statements on the Issue:    

  • Shown interest in issues related to women in federal institutions
  • Has asked questions on the prison needle exchange program
  • Inquired on the benefits of parole, rehabilitation and reintegration of inmates
  • Recently asked a question related to educational programs in prisons
 
Photo: Gagan Sikand

Name:
Gagan Sikand

Other Role(s):
Member of Library of Parliament

Riding:           
Mississauga — Streetsville    

Province:       
Ontario           

Preferred Language:
English           

CSC Facilities in Riding:     
Nil       

Year First Elected:   
2015   

Past Profession:      
Former Lawyer           

Statements on the Issue:    
Nil

Conservative Party of Canada

 
Photo: Shannon Stubbs

Name:
Shannon Stubbs        

Other Role(s):           
Vice-Chair ofSECU   

Riding:           
Lakeland        

Province:       
Alberta

Preferred Language:
English           

CSC Facilities in Riding:     
Nil 

Year First Elected:   
2015   

Past Profession:      
Senior Consultant for a public relations company     

Statements on the Issue:    

  • Recently spoke out to move the motion to reconvene the study on the circumstances that led to a young women’s death
  • Recently asked a question pertaining to euthanasia in prisons
 
Photo: Damien C. Kurek

Name:
Damien C. Kurek

Other Role(s):           
Member of Access to Information, Privacy and Ethics

Riding:           
Battle River - Crowfoot

Province:       
Alberta

Preferred Language:
English

CSC Facilities in Riding:     
Nil

Year First Elected:   
2019

Past Profession:       
Farmer

Statements on the Issue:    

  • Showed interest in the Prison Needle Exchange Program
 
Photo: Glen Motz

Name:
Glen Motz      

 

Other Role(s):           
Member of the National Security and Intelligence Committee of Parliamentarians 

Riding:           
Medicine Hat – Cardston - Warner    

Province:       
Alberta

Preferred Language:
English           

CSC Facilities in Riding:     
Nil       

Year First Elected:   
2016   

Past Profession:       
Inspector        

Statements on the Issue:    

  • Recently spoke out on the Quebec incident
  • Showed interest in systemic racism
  • Inquired about release of offenders during COVID-19
  • Inquired about measure in place in prisons to prevent the spread of COVID-19
  • Recently asked questions related to sexual violence and euthanasia in prison
 
Photo: Tako Van Popta

Name:
Tako Van Popta         

Other Role(s): 
Nil       

Riding:           
Langley - Aldergrove  

Province:       
British Colombia         

Preferred Language:
English           

CSC Facilities in Riding:     
Nil       

Year First Elected:   
2019   

Past Profession:       
Lawyer

Statements on the Issue:    

  • Recently spoke in favor of mandatory training for parole officers and members of the Parole Board of Canada
  • Recently asked questions pertaining to sexual violence in prisons
 

Bloc Québécois

 
Photo: Kristina Michaud

Name:
Kristina Michaud

Other Role(s):
Vice-Chair SECU

Riding :
Avignon—La Mitis—Matane—Matapédia

Province:       
Quebec

Preferred Language:
French

CSC Facilities in Riding:     
Nil

Year First Elected:   
2019

Past Profession:       
Former communications professional

Statements on the Issue:    

  • Recently spoke out on the Quebec Incident
  • Recently spoke in favor of mandatory training for parole officers and members of the Parole Board of Canada
  • Recently asked questions on sexual violence in prisons
 

New Democratic Party

 
Photo: Jack Harris

Name:
Jack Harris     

Other Role(s):           
Vice-Chair of Canada-China Relations

Riding:
St. Jonh’s East           

Province:       
Newfoundland and Labrador 

Preferred Language:
English           

CSC Facilities in Riding:     
Newfoundland Area Office - Newfoundland and Labrador Community Correctional Centre

Year First Elected:   
2008   

Past Profession:      
Canadian Lawyer and Politician        

Statements on the Issue:    

  • Spoke out on the Quebec Incident and community supervision
  • Asked a question pertaining to treatment for addictions in federal prisons
  • Asked for statistics on prisoners affected by mental health problems
  • Recently showed interest in systemic racism in prisons
  • Recently asked questions related to sexual coercive violence in prisons

 

 

Page details

Date modified: