Modernizing Canada’s weather-radar network
The Government of Canada announced on February 28, 2017 the replacement of its weather-radar network. Canada’s radars network currently has 31 radars, including two radars operated in partnership with the Department of National Defence and one owned by McGill University. A contract has been awarded to buy and install 20 new radars by March 31, 2023. The contract also contains options to replace the remaining radars within the same timeframe. As part of this project, the radar network will be expanded by one radar to be installed in the Lower Athabasca region in Alberta.
Locations of Canadian weather radar sites
Map of Canada displaying all the locations of all the existing Canadian weather-radar sites: Victoria, Aldergrove (near Vancouver), Prince George, Silver Star Mountain Aldergrove (near Vancouver), Prince George, Silver Star Mountain (near Vernon), Victoria, Bethune (near Regina), Carvel (near Edmonton), Foxwarren (near Brandon), Jimmy Lake (near Cold Lake), Radisson (near Saskatoon), Schuler (near Medicine Hat), Spirit River (near Grande Prairie), Strathmore (near Calgary), Woodlands (near Winnipeg), Britt (near Sudbury), Dryden, Exeter (near London), Franktown (near Ottawa), King City (near Toronto), Montreal River (near Sault Ste Marie), Northeast Ontario (near Timmins), Superior West (near Thunder Bay), Lac Castor (near Saguenay), Landrienne (near Rouyn-Noranda), McGill (near Montréal), Val d'Irène (near Mont Joli), Villeroy (near Trois-Rivières), Chipman (near Fredericton), Halifax, Holyrood (near St. John's), Marble Mountain, Marion Bridge (near Sydney).
Replacement schedule
The first radar to be replaced was installed in fall 2017 at Radisson SK (near Saskatoon) and the other radars will be replaced at a rate of four to seven per year. The following radars are planned to be installed in 2018: Blainville QC (near Montreal), Foxwarren MB (near Brandon), Timmins ON, and Spirit River AB (near Grande Prairie). The replacement schedule for the other radars will be posted as it becomes available. Several factors are taken into account to determine the radar replacement order and schedule. This includes current operational stability, climate and local severe weather frequency, location, and access to the radar sites. System design and construction plans could also influence the decision-making process. Some radars, such as Mt Sicker (near Victoria BC) will be relocated to improve coverage or for operational reasons.
| Order | Site name | Replacement timeframe | Construction status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 01 | Radisson, SK | Oct 2017 – Feb 2018 | Completed |
| 02 | Blainville, QC | June – Sept 2018 | Completed |
| 03 | Foxwarren, MB | Jun – Sept 2018 | Completed |
| 04 | Smooth Rock Falls (Timmins), ON | Aug – Oct 2018 | On track |
| 05 | Spirit River, AB | Jun – Nov 2018 | On track |
| 06 | Bethune, SK | Apr – Jun 2019 | Planning |
| 07 | Exeter, ON | Apr – Jun 2019 | Planning |
| 08 | Marion Bridge, NS | May – Jul 2019 | Planning |
| 09 | Chipman, NB | May – Jul 2019 | Planning |
| 10 | Landrienne, QC | Jun – Aug 2019 | Planning |
| 11 | Montreal River Harbour, ON | Jun – Aug 2019 | Planning |
| 12 | Strathmore, AB | Aug – Oct 2019 | Planning |
Dual polarization: a leading-edge technology
These state-of-the-art radars will have fully integrated dual-polarization technology, which will enable forecasters to better distinguish between rain, snow, hail, and freezing rain as well as better discern the size, shape, and variety of precipitation particles. This technology will also enable better identification and removal of non-meteorological targets such as birds, bugs, and debris from the data. As a result, they will issue more precise and timely weather watches and warnings for these significant weather events, giving Canadians more lead time to take appropriate actions to protect themselves, their family, and their property from the effects of severe weather.
Extended tornado-detection range
The new radars will also have an extended severe-weather detection range to cover more of Canada, increasing the Doppler range to 240 kilometres per radar from the current 120 kilometres. Doubling the Doppler range will give Canadians greater lead time to protect themselves and their families from tornadoes and other severe weather. Extending Doppler coverage of the weather-radar network will also allow for better overlap of neighbouring radars in case of an outage.
Better serving weather-sensitive industries
Economic sectors sensitive to weather events such as agriculture, natural resources, fisheries, construction, aviation, tourism, transportation, retail, and investors will benefit from higher data quality and consistency for severe-weather events as weather information is an important part of their strategic planning. For example, weather-radar imagery is used to help in safely routing planes around severe weather.
The improved weather-data quality will also allow for more effective use of the information in other areas, such as water management, as radar images are used to understand the effects of precipitation on drainage basins, in particular in support of flood forecasting by provinces.
New weather radars infographic
New weather radars to better forecast severe weather. An increased Doppler range from 120km to 240km per radar provides extended tornado detection range and allows for better overlap of neighbouring radars in case of an outage. Dual-Polarization technology enables forecasters to better distinguish between rain, snow, hail and freezing rain. These improvements will give Canadians greater lead time to protect themselves from tornadoes and other severe weather and will better serve weather-sensitive industries with higher data quality and consistency to prepare for severe weather events.
Continuous weather services during the replacement process
Before a new radar is commissioned, the old radar will have to be turned off. As we do for regular maintenance and unexpected technical problems, we will continue to provide weather services by using data from neighbouring radars since, wherever possible, the coverage of the radars has been designed to overlap. Weather forecasters also use satellite images, surface weather stations, lightning detectors and sophisticated computer models to monitor severe weather conditions. The scheduling of radar replacements will take into account seasonal severe weather periods to ensure minimal disruption and every effort will be made to minimize downtime. We will continue to use the Status of Canadian Radar Network page to inform you.
Health safety
The new weather radars comply with Health Canada’s Radio frequency exposure limits in all modes of operation. These guidelines are used to establish safe distances for radio frequency exposure to the general public. Compliance will be verified by a third party and must be demonstrated to Industry Canada before an operating license can be granted.
Radar structure
The radar structure is composed of an open lattice steel tower with a 12-metre diameter radome on top. The total height will vary from one site to another depending on the location and surroundings. Generally, the weather radars will be about 40 meters high or the equivalent of a 12-storey building.
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