Recent Immigrants in Metropolitan Areas: Regina—A Comparative Profile Based on the 2001 Census
Part D: Participation in the Economy
Participation in the labour market
Labour force participation lower among very recent immigrants
Very recent immigrants are generally not as active in the labour market as the Canadian-born. The difference in labour force participation between very recent immigrants and the Canadian-born is twenty-two percentage points for women, and eleven percentage points for men.
Labour force participation of immigrants who have been in Canada for a longer period of time is more like that of the Canadian-born. A pattern of adjustment and increasing involvement of immigrants in the Canadian labour market with longer stay is evident in all three age groups, for both men and women.
Men aged 25 to 44 years who immigrated before 1986 and also those who immigrated during the 1986-1995 period have labour force participation rates similar to Canadian-born men in the same age group. The labour force participation rates for women aged 25 to 44 years who immigrated before 1986 are similar to those of Canadian-born women in the same age group. This is not the case, however, for recent immigrant women 25 to 44 years of age who landed five to fifteen years before the census during the 1986-1995 period—the labour force participation rates for these women remain well below the participation rates of Canadian-born women in this age group.
Labour force participation rates were not much different in 2001 from those in 1996. Very recent immigrants were somewhat more active in 2001 than their counterparts five years earlier.
15 to 24 years | 25 to 44 years | 45 to 64 years | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Women | ||||
Canadian-born | 10,210 | 23,300 | 14,700 | 48,200 |
Immigrants | 300 | 1,560 | 1,630 | 3,490 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 70 | 730 | 1,340 | 2,130 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 170 | 550 | 230 | 940 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 70 | 300 | 60 | 420 |
Men | ||||
Canadian-born | 10,390 | 23,510 | 14,730 | 48,630 |
Immigrants | 390 | 1,690 | 2,090 | 4,160 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 100 | 780 | 1,660 | 2,540 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 220 | 630 | 340 | 1,180 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 70 | 290 | 100 | 450 |
Total | ||||
Canadian-born | 20,600 | 46,810 | 29,430 | 96,840 |
Immigrants | 690 | 3,250 | 3,720 | 7,650 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 170 | 1,500 | 3,000 | 4,670 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 380 | 1,160 | 570 | 2,110 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 130 | 590 | 150 | 870 |
Note: Tables D-1 to D-7 describe labour force participation, employment and unemployment in the week before the 2001 Census, May 6-12, 2001. A person is in the labour force if he/she is employed or unemployed (actively looking for work).
15 to 24 years | 25 to 44 years | 45 to 64 years | Total | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women | |||||
Canadian-born | 71% | 86% | 75% | 79% | 48,200 |
Immigrants | 62% | 78% | 67% | 71% | 3,490 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 74% | 90% | 69% | 75% | 2,130 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 66% | 77% | 60% | 70% | 940 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 43% | 60% | 67% | 57% | 420 |
Men | |||||
Canadian-born | 73% | 93% | 81% | 84% | 48,630 |
Immigrants | 66% | 89% | 83% | 83% | 4,160 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 77% | 95% | 82% | 85% | 2,540 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 66% | 90% | 85% | 83% | 1,180 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 50% | 76% | 90% | 73% | 450 |
Total | |||||
Canadian-born | 72% | 89% | 78% | 82% | 96,840 |
Immigrants | 64% | 83% | 75% | 77% | 7,650 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 77% | 93% | 76% | 81% | 4,670 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 66% | 83% | 72% | 76% | 2,110 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 46% | 67% | 77% | 64% | 870 |
Note: Tables D-1 to D-7 describe labour force participation, employment and unemployment in the week before the 2001 Census, May 6-12, 2001. A person is in the labour force if he/she is employed or unemployed (actively looking for work).
Figure D-1: Immigrants by period of immigration and Canadian-born—15 to 64 years of age—labour force participation rates, by age and gender, Regina Census Metropolitan Area, 2001
Note: Figures D-1 and D-2 describe labour force participation, employment and unemployment in the week before the 2001 Census, May 6-12, 2001. A person is in the labour force if he/she is employed or unemployed (actively looking for work).
Pattern of adjustment similar for most levels of education
Generally speaking, the higher the level of education the greater the proportion of people who participate in the labour market. This observation holds for the Canadian-born as well as for all three cohorts of immigrants, with only a few exceptions.
For most education levels there is a common pattern of relatively low participation rates for very recent immigrants, and convergence to the rates of the Canadian-born with longer stay. However, there are some exceptions to this pattern. For example, men who immigrated during the 1986-1995 period and hold a college or trade diploma participate at a slightly higher rate than immigrant men with a college or trade diploma who landed before 1986.
Figure D-2: Immigrants by period of immigration and Canadian-born—15 to 64 years of age—labour force participation rates, by level of education and gender, Regina Census Metropolitan Area, 2001
Note: Figures D-1 and D-2 describe labour force participation, employment and unemployment in the week before the 2001 Census, May 6-12, 2001. A person is in the labour force if he/she is employed or unemployed (actively looking for work).
No high school diploma | High school diploma | College or trade diploma | University degree | Total |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women | |||||
Canadian-born | 10,340 | 13,180 | 16,100 | 8,600 | 48,200 |
Immigrants | 650 | 740 | 1,140 | 980 | 3,490 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 360 | 430 | 760 | 580 | 2,130 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 240 | 220 | 240 | 240 | 940 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 50 | 80 | 140 | 160 | 420 |
Men | |||||
Canadian-born | 12,780 | 13,060 | 14,100 | 8,700 | 48,630 |
Immigrants | 750 | 980 | 1,180 | 1,270 | 4,160 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 430 | 500 | 780 | 810 | 2,540 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 210 | 370 | 320 | 270 | 1,180 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 70 | 110 | 70 | 190 | 450 |
Total | |||||
Canadian-born | 23,120 | 26,240 | 30,190 | 17,300 | 96,840 |
Immigrants | 1,390 | 1,720 | 2,310 | 2,230 | 7,650 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 810 | 940 | 1,570 | 1,390 | 4,670 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 470 | 600 | 550 | 510 | 2,110 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 140 | 190 | 200 | 350 | 870 |
Note: Tables D-1 to D-7 describe labour force participation, employment and unemployment in the week before the 2001 Census, May 6-12, 2001. A person is in the labour force if he/she is employed or unemployed (actively looking for work).
No high school diploma | High school diploma | College or trade diploma | University degree | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women | |||||
Canadian-born | 62% | 82% | 87% | 89% | 79% |
Immigrants | 57% | 68% | 77% | 82% | 71% |
Immigrated before 1986 | 58% | 71% | 81% | 85% | 75% |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 60% | 67% | 72% | 81% | 70% |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 33% | 48% | 66% | 74% | 57% |
Men | |||||
Canadian-born | 71% | 89% | 91% | 92% | 84% |
Immigrants | 71% | 86% | 86% | 88% | 83% |
Immigrated before 1986 | 73% | 88% | 85% | 89% | 85% |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 60% | 89% | 89% | 82% | 83% |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 44% | 66% | 74% | 86% | 73% |
Total | |||||
Canadian-born | 67% | 85% | 89% | 91% | 82% |
Immigrants | 63% | 77% | 81% | 85% | 77% |
Immigrated before 1986 | 67% | 81% | 84% | 88% | 81% |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 66% | 80% | 80% | 84% | 76% |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 47% | 57% | 67% | 78% | 64% |
Note: Tables D-1 to D-7 describe labour force participation, employment and unemployment in the week before the 2001 Census, May 6-12, 2001. A person is in the labour force if he/she is employed or unemployed (actively looking for work).
Unemployment among recent immigrants similar to Canadian-born
Earlier immigrants who landed before 1986—both men and women—have unemployment rates below those of the Canadian-born and lower than those of recent immigrants living in Regina in 2001. In comparison, recent immigrants who landed during the fifteen years between 1986 and 2001 have unemployment rates similar to the Canadian-born. Recent immigrant men are more likely to experience unemployment than earlier immigrant men who have been in Canada for more than fifteen years. Recent immigrant women, however, have low unemployment rates similar to those of earlier immigrant men but below those of the Canadian-born—both men and women. The unemployment rate declined for almost all groups of immigrants and the Canadian-born since 1996.
Unemployment rate |
Number of persons unemployed | |
---|---|---|
Women | ||
Canadian-born | 5% | 2,450 |
Immigrants | 4% | 130 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 4% | 80 |
Immigrated 1986-2001 | 4% | 60 |
Men | ||
Canadian-born | 7% | 3,510 |
Immigrants | 6% | 240 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 4% | 110 |
Immigrated 1986-2001 | 8% | 130 |
Total | ||
Canadian-born | 6% | 5,980 |
Immigrants | 5% | 360 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 4% | 190 |
Immigrated 1986-2001 | 6% | 190 |
Note: Tables D-1 to D-7 describe labour force participation, employment and unemployment in the week before the 2001 Census, May 6-12, 2001. A person is in the labour force if he/she is employed or unemployed (actively looking for work).
Share of men and women with jobs increases with length of stay
One-half of very recent immigrant women aged 15 to 64 years are employed compared to three-quarters of Canadian-born women. For men the difference is smaller—just over six in ten very recent immigrants are employed in comparison to almost four out of five Canadian-born men. These differences in employment rates reflect differences in labour force participation rates.
15 to 24 years | 25 to 44 years | 45 to 64 years | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Women | ||||
Canadian-born | 9,150 | 22,320 | 14,280 | 45,750 |
Immigrants | 290 | 1,500 | 1,580 | 3,360 |
Immigrated before 1986 | - | 710 | 1,290 | 2,070 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 160 | 530 | 220 | 900 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 70 | 270 | 60 | 390 |
Men | ||||
Canadian-born | 8,860 | 22,160 | 14,100 | 45,110 |
Immigrants | 360 | 1,600 | 1,960 | 3,920 |
Immigrated before 1986 | - | 770 | 1,570 | 2,420 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 210 | 590 | 330 | 1,120 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 70 | 250 | 70 | 380 |
Total | ||||
Canadian-born | 18,010 | 44,480 | 28,380 | 90,860 |
Immigrants | 650 | 3,090 | 3,540 | 7,280 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 170 | 1,480 | 2,870 | 4,510 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 360 | 1,110 | 540 | 2,010 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 130 | 510 | 130 | 770 |
Note: Tables D-1 to D-7 describe labour force participation, employment and unemployment in the week before the 2001 Census, May 6-12, 2001. A person is in the labour force if he/she is employed or unemployed (actively looking for work).
Among immigrants who landed before 1986, employment is generally more common than among more recent immigrants. Immigrants who have lived in Canada for 15 years or more have employment rates comparable to the Canadian-born, and in the case of men and women aged 25 to 44 years have surpassed the employment levels of the Canadian-born. Older immigrant men 45 years of age and over who landed five to fifteen years before the census tend to participate at a comparatively high rate, while women of the corresponding immigrant cohort and age group tend to participate at a lower rate.
In 2001, the employment rate was significantly higher among some of the younger and older groups of recent immigrants than in 1996 but among recent immigrants of prime working age it was lower.
15 to 24 years | 25 to 44 years | 45 to 64 years | Total | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women | |||||
Canadian-born | 64% | 82% | 73% | 75% | 45,750 |
Immigrants | 60% | 75% | 65% | 69% | 3,360 |
Immigrated before 1986 | - | 88% | 66% | 73% | 2,070 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 62% | 74% | 57% | 67% | 900 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 43% | 54% | 67% | 53% | 390 |
Men | |||||
Canadian-born | 62% | 87% | 78% | 78% | 45,110 |
Immigrants | 62% | 84% | 78% | 79% | 3,920 |
Immigrated before 1986 | - | 93% | 78% | 82% | 2,420 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 63% | 85% | 82% | 79% | 1,120 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 50% | 64% | 67% | 62% | 380 |
Total | |||||
Canadian-born | 63% | 85% | 75% | 77% | 90,860 |
Immigrants | 60% | 79% | 72% | 74% | 7,280 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 75% | 91% | 73% | 78% | 4,510 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 63% | 79% | 69% | 73% | 2,010 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 44% | 59% | 67% | 57% | 770 |
Note: Tables D-1 to D-7 describe labour force participation, employment and unemployment in the week before the 2001 Census, May 6-12, 2001. A person is in the labour force if he/she is employed or unemployed (actively looking for work).
The jobs of recent immigrants
Part-time jobs more common for very recent immigrants
The proportion of employed immigrants who work part-time decreases as the length of stay in Canada increases. Women are approximately twice as likely as men to work part time, whether they are immigrants or Canadian-born.
Share of employed persons |
Number of persons |
|
---|---|---|
Women | ||
Canadian-born | 31% | 15,340 |
Immigrants | 29% | 1,070 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 22% | 500 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 34% | 350 |
Immigrated 1996-1999 | 49% | 170 |
Men | ||
Canadian-born | 17% | 8,220 |
Immigrants | 15% | 660 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 11% | 290 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 20% | 250 |
Immigrated 1996-1999 | 25% | 80 |
Total | ||
Canadian-born | 24% | 23,560 |
Immigrants | 22% | 1,730 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 16% | 790 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 27% | 600 |
Immigrated 1996-1999 | 37% | 250 |
Note: Table D-8 does not include immigrants who landed in 2000 or 2001. Only persons who landed before 2000 are included among immigrants and very recent immigrants. Part-time employment is defined as having worked less than 30 hours per week during most of the weeks worked in the year 2000.
Many recent immigrants in sales and services, health and science occupations
Employed very recent immigrants who have been in the country for up to 5 years are more likely than their Canadian-born counterparts to work in sales and services occupations and health and science occupations. Almost two-fifths of very recent immigrants who have been in the country for up to 5 years are employed in sales and service jobs compared to one-fifth of the Canadian-born. The differences are greater for women than for men. However, slightly more than one-quarter of immigrants who have been in Canada 15 years or more have jobs in management and social occupations.
Sales and services | Processing | Admin- istrative |
Mana- gement and social sciences |
Trades, transport | Health, science | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women | |||||||
Canadian-born | 7,440 | 440 | 13,620 | 8,950 | 620 | 5,550 | 36,600 |
Immigrants | 980 | 50 | 720 | 700 | 50 | 600 | 3,100 |
Immigrated before 1986 |
550 | 30 | 520 | 540 | 30 | 320 | 2,000 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 |
290 | 0 | 130 | 130 | 0 | 210 | 700 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 |
140 | 0 | 60 | 50 | 0 | 70 | 300 |
Men | |||||||
Canadian-born | 6,050 | 2,560 | 4,450 | 9,190 | 9,260 | 4,760 | 36,300 |
Immigrants | 860 | 170 | 290 | 910 | 650 | 680 | 3,600 |
Immigrated before 1986 |
490 | 100 | 240 | 660 | 440 | 430 | 2,300 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 |
280 | 70 | 40 | 180 | 170 | 190 | 900 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 |
90 | 10 | 20 | 70 | 40 | 90 | 300 |
Total | |||||||
Canadian-born | 13,490 | 3,000 | 18,070 | 18,140 | 9,880 | 10,310 | 72,900 |
Immigrants | 1,840 | 220 | 1,010 | 1,610 | 700 | 1,270 | 6,600 |
Immigrated before 1986 |
1,050 | 130 | 760 | 1,190 | 480 | 760 | 4,300 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 |
560 | 90 | 170 | 300 | 180 | 370 | 1,700 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 |
240 | 10 | 70 | 120 | 40 | 160 | 600 |
Women | |||||||
Canadian-born | 20% | 1% | 37% | 24% | 2% | 15% | 100% |
Immigrants | 32% | 1% | 23% | 23% | 1% | 19% | 100% |
Immigrated before 1986 |
27% | 2% | 26% | 27% | 1% | 16% | 100% |
Immigrated 1986-1995 |
38% | 0% | 17% | 17% | 0% | 28% | 100% |
Immigrated 1996-2001 |
43% | 0% | 18% | 14% | 0% | 20% | 100% |
Men | |||||||
Canadian-born | 17% | 7% | 12% | 25% | 26% | 13% | 100% |
Immigrants | 24% | 5% | 8% | 26% | 18% | 19% | 100% |
Immigrated before 1986 |
21% | 4% | 10% | 28% | 19% | 18% | 100% |
Immigrated 1986-1995 |
30% | 7% | 4% | 19% | 19% | 20% | 100% |
Immigrated 1996-2001 |
29% | 3% | 6% | 21% | 13% | 29% | 100% |
Total | |||||||
Canadian-born | 19% | 4% | 25% | 25% | 14% | 14% | 100% |
Immigrants | 28% | 3% | 15% | 24% | 11% | 19% | 100% |
Immigrated before 1986 |
24% | 3% | 18% | 27% | 11% | 17% | 100% |
Immigrated 1986-1995 |
34% | 5% | 10% | 18% | 11% | 22% | 100% |
Immigrated 1996-2001 |
38% | 2% | 11% | 19% | 6% | 24% | 100% |
Note: Job characteristics presented in Tables D-9 to D-12 relate to jobs held at the time of the census or the job of longest duration from January 2000 to May 15, 2001. The information pertains to persons 25 to 64 years of age old. Younger people are not included here since many of them are still in school, and their jobs tend to be short-term and part-time and are less likely to be related to their education and career choices than the jobs of older adults. Occupation categories are defined in the Glossary.
In 2001, 30% of very recent immigrant men are employed in health and science occupations and also in sales and services occupations and a much lower share (13%) in trades and transport occupations. In 1996, the share of immigrant men who landed in the five years prior to the census who were employed in health and science occupations was lower and the share in sales and services occupations far more common
Figure D-3: Immigrants by period of immigration and Canadian-born—employed 25 to 64 years of age—occupation groups, by gender, Regina Census Metropolitan Area, 2001 (percentage distribution)
Note: Job characteristics presented in Figures D-3 to D-6 relate to jobs held at the time of the census or the job of longest duration from January 2000 to May 15, 2001. The information pertains to persons 25 to 64 years of age. Younger people are not included here since many of them are still in school, and their jobs tend to be short-term and part-time and less likely to be related to their education and career choices than the jobs of older adults. Occupation groups are defined in the Glossary.
Many recent immigrants in hospitality and other services and the public sector
In Regina, a much larger proportion of the jobs of recent immigrants aged 25 to 64 than of the Canadian-born of the same age work in the hospitality and other services sector. The Canadian-born, however, are more likely to work in the construction and transportation sector. One-third of the Canadian-born and a slightly higher proportion of recent immigrants work in the public sector.
Compared to 1996, very recent immigrant men have found more jobs in business services, and women in the public sector, while both men and women have a smaller presence in manufacturing, hospitality and other services. This may reflect changes in job availability, due to the growth of the Regina economy since 1996.
In 2001, 30% of very recent immigrant men are employed in health and science occupations and also in sales and services occupations and a much lower share (13%) in trades and transport occupations. In 1996, the share of immigrant men who landed in the five years prior to the census who were employed in health and science occupations was lower and the share in sales and services occupations far more common
Manu- facturing |
Con- struction and Trans- portation |
Trade | Business services | Public sector |
Hospitality and other services | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women | |||||||
Canadian-born | 1,230 | 2,830 | 4,990 | 6,620 | 16,490 | 4,450 | 36,600 |
Immigrants | 90 | 130 | 330 | 300 | 1,590 | 680 | 3,100 |
Immigrated before 1986 |
70 | 80 | 200 | 190 | 1,080 | 370 | 2,000 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 |
10 | 10 | 100 | 70 | 360 | 200 | 800 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 |
10 | 0 | 40 | 40 | 140 | 110 | 300 |
Men | |||||||
Canadian-born | 4,550 | 8,870 | 6,880 | 5,280 | 7,460 | 3,250 | 36,300 |
Immigrants | 400 | 550 | 510 | 440 | 950 | 710 | 3,600 |
Immigrated before 1986 |
250 | 430 | 350 | 310 | 630 | 400 | 2,300 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 |
140 | 90 | 130 | 70 | 230 | 230 | 900 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 |
30 | 20 | 40 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 300 |
Total | |||||||
Canadian-born | 5,760 | 11,690 | 11,860 | 11,910 | 23,940 | 7,690 | 72,900 |
Immigrants | 480 | 670 | 830 | 740 | 2,520 | 1,380 | 6,600 |
Immigrated before 1986 |
310 | 520 | 540 | 500 | 1,720 | 770 | 4,300 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 |
150 | 140 | 230 | 140 | 590 | 430 | 1,700 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 |
40 | 20 | 70 | 90 | 230 | 200 | 600 |
Women | |||||||
Canadian-born | 3% | 8% | 14% | 18% | 45% | 12% | 100% |
Immigrants | 3% | 4% | 11% | 10% | 52% | 22% | 100% |
Immigrated before 1986 |
3% | 4% | 10% | 9% | 54% | 18% | 100% |
Immigrated 1986-1995 |
1% | 1% | 13% | 9% | 47% | 27% | 100% |
Immigrated 1996-2001 |
3% | 0% | 11% | 12% | 43% | 32% | 100% |
Men | |||||||
Canadian-born | 13% | 24% | 19% | 15% | 21% | 9% | 100% |
Immigrants | 11% | 15% | 14% | 12% | 27% | 20% | 100% |
Immigrated before 1986 |
11% | 18% | 15% | 13% | 27% | 17% | 100% |
Immigrated 1986-1995 |
15% | 10% | 14% | 7% | 25% | 25% | 100% |
Immigrated 1996-2001 |
8% | 6% | 11% | 22% | 24% | 29% | 100% |
Total | |||||||
Canadian-born | 8% | 16% | 16% | 16% | 33% | 11% | 100% |
Immigrants | 7% | 10% | 12% | 11% | 38% | 21% | 100% |
Immigrated before 1986 |
7% | 12% | 12% | 12% | 40% | 18% | 100% |
Immigrated 1986-1995 |
9% | 8% | 14% | 8% | 35% | 26% | 100% |
Immigrated 1996-2001 |
5% | 3% | 10% | 14% | 35% | 30% | 100% |
Note: Job characteristics presented in Tables D-9 to D-12 relate to jobs held at the time of the census or the job of longest duration from January 2000 to May 15, 2001. The information pertains to persons 25 to 64 years of age. Younger people are not included here since many of them are still in school, and their jobs tend to be short-term and part-time and less likely to be related to their education and career choices than the jobs of older adults. Occupation groups are defined in the Glossary.
Figure D-4: Immigrants by period of immigration and Canadian-born—employed 25 to 64 years of age—industry sector, by gender, Regina Census Metropolitan Area, 2001 (percentage distribution)
Note: Job characteristics presented in Figures D-3 to D-6 relate to jobs held at the time of the census or the job of longest duration from January 2000 to May 15, 2001. The information pertains to persons 25 to 64 years of age. Younger people are not included here since many of them are still in school, and their jobs tend to be short-term and part-time and less likely to be related to their education and career choices than the jobs of older adults. Occupation groups are defined in the Glossary.
Very recent immigrant men work in higher skill jobs
A larger share of very recent immigrant men—those who immigrated between 1996 and 2001—work in jobs that require a higher level of skills in comparison to Canadian-born men. One-third of Canadian-born men work in jobs that require a university education compared to 44% of very recent immigrant men and 40% of men who immigrated before 1986. However, this is not the case for women. Only 20% of immigrant women who landed after 1995 are employed in jobs that require a university education compared to one-third of Canadian-born women. Twenty percent of recent immigrants work in jobs that require no formal education compared to 8% of the Canadian-born.
No formal education | High school plus job training | College or trade apprenticeship | University | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women | |||||
Canadian-born | 2,860 | 12,410 | 9,680 | 11,650 | 36,590 |
Immigrants | 440 | 1,040 | 670 | 930 | 3,080 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 230 | 670 | 490 | 640 | 2,000 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 150 | 270 | 110 | 230 | 750 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 60 | 110 | 80 | 70 | 330 |
Men | |||||
Canadian-born | 3,280 | 8,650 | 12,180 | 12,150 | 36,260 |
Immigrants | 440 | 610 | 1,090 | 1,430 | 3,560 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 190 | 420 | 710 | 1,020 | 2,330 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 210 | 160 | 290 | 270 | 910 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 50 | 30 | 100 | 140 | 320 |
Total | |||||
Canadian-born | 6,130 | 21,070 | 21,860 | 23,800 | 72,860 |
Immigrants | 880 | 1,640 | 1,760 | 2,360 | 6,640 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 400 | 1,080 | 1,190 | 1,670 | 4,340 |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 360 | 420 | 400 | 500 | 1,660 |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 110 | 150 | 180 | 210 | 650 |
Women | |||||
Canadian-born | 8% | 34% | 26% | 32% | 100% |
Immigrants | 14% | 34% | 22% | 30% | 100% |
Immigrated before 1986 | 11% | 33% | 24% | 32% | 100% |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 20% | 36% | 14% | 30% | 100% |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 18% | 34% | 25% | 20% | 100% |
Men | |||||
Canadian-born | 9% | 24% | 34% | 34% | 100% |
Immigrants | 12% | 17% | 31% | 40% | 100% |
Immigrated before 1986 | 8% | 18% | 30% | 44% | 100% |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 23% | 17% | 32% | 29% | 100% |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 16% | 9% | 30% | 44% | 100% |
Total | |||||
Canadian-born | 8% | 29% | 30% | 33% | 100% |
Immigrants | 13% | 25% | 26% | 36% | 100% |
Immigrated before 1986 | 9% | 25% | 27% | 38% | 100% |
Immigrated 1986-1995 | 21% | 25% | 24% | 30% | 100% |
Immigrated 1996-2001 | 17% | 22% | 27% | 33% | 100% |
Note: Job characteristics presented in Tables D-9to D-12 relate to jobs held at the time of the census or the job of longest duration from January 2000 to May 15, 2001. The information pertains to persons 25 to 64 years of age. Younger people are not included here since many of them are still in school, and their jobs tend to be short-term and part-time and less likely to be related to their education and career choices than the jobs of older adults. Occupation groups are defined in the Glossary.
The information presented in Table D-11 does not directly indicate whether skills of recent immigrants are fully or less than fully employed in the economy. To determine this, one has to compare the skill levels required for the jobs of employed recent immigrants and the Canadian-born with their level of education. This is presented in Table D-12 for persons holding a university degree.
Figure D-5: Immigrants by period of immigration and Canadian-born—employed 25 to 64 years of age—skill requirements of jobs, by gender, Regina Census Metropolitan Area, 2001 (percentage distribution)
Note: Job characteristics presented in Figures D-3 to D-6 relate to jobs held at the time of the census or the job of longest duration from January 2000 to May 15, 2001. The information pertains to persons 25 to 64 years of age. Younger people are not included here since many of them are still in school, and their jobs tend to be short-term and part-time and less likely to be related to their education and career choices than the jobs of older adults. Occupation groups are defined in the Glossary.
Education of recent immigrant women not fully utilized
Recent immigrants with a university degree are not as likely to work in jobs that require a university education as the Canadian-born. One-half of recent immigrant women with a university degree and nearly two-thirds of earlier immigrant women with a university degree work in a job requiring a university education compared to 70% of Canadian-born women with a university degree. Two-thirds of recent immigrant men with a university degree have a job requiring a university education in comparison to approximately three-quarters of Canadian-born men with a university degree. Almost 80% of earlier immigrant men with a university degree are employed in jobs requiring a university education.
No formal education | High school plus job training | College or trade apprenticeship | University | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women | |||||
Canadian-born | 80 | 920 | 1,150 | 5,260 | 7,410 |
Immigrants | 40 | 220 | 130 | 510 | 890 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 10 | 100 | 110 | 340 | 540 |
Immigrated 1986-2001 | 20 | 120 | 30 | 160 | 340 |
Men | |||||
Canadian-born | 190 | 620 | 1,340 | 5,860 | 8,000 |
Immigrants | 70 | 80 | 170 | 880 | 1,190 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 30 | 70 | 80 | 610 | 780 |
Immigrated 1986-2001 | 60 | 20 | 70 | 270 | 410 |
Total | |||||
Canadian-born | 270 | 1,540 | 2,480 | 11,120 | 15,400 |
Immigrants | 110 | 290 | 290 | 1,380 | 2,080 |
Immigrated before 1986 | 40 | 160 | 220 | 950 | 1,340 |
Immigrated 1986-2001 | 70 | 150 | 90 | 430 | 730 |
Women | |||||
Canadian-born | 1% | 12% | 16% | 71% | 100% |
Immigrants | 4% | 24% | 14% | 58% | 100% |
Immigrated before 1986 | 2% | 18% | 20% | 63% | 100% |
Immigrated 1986-2001 | 6% | 36% | 7% | 48% | 100% |
Men | |||||
Canadian-born | 2% | 8% | 17% | 73% | 100% |
Immigrants | 6% | 6% | 14% | 74% | 100% |
Immigrated before 1986 | 3% | 8% | 10% | 78% | 100% |
Immigrated 1986-2001 | 15% | 5% | 17% | 65% | 100% |
Total | |||||
Canadian-born | 2% | 10% | 16% | 72% | 100% |
Immigrants | 5% | 14% | 14% | 67% | 100% |
Immigrated before 1986 | 3% | 12% | 16% | 71% | 100% |
Immigrated 1986-2001 | 10% | 20% | 12% | 59% | 100% |
Note: Job characteristics presented in Tables D-9 to D-12 relate to jobs held at the time of the census or the job of longest duration from January 2000 to May 15, 2001. The information pertains to persons 25 to 64 years of age. Younger people are not included here since many of them are still in school, and their jobs tend to be short-term and part-time and less likely to be related to their education and career choices than the jobs of older adults. Occupation groups are defined in the Glossary.
Figure D-6: Immigrants by period of immigration and Canadian-born —25 to 64 years of age—percentage of employed university graduates with jobs requiring university education, by gender, Regina Census Metropolitan Area, 2001
Note: Job characteristics presented in Figures D-3 to D-6 relate to jobs held at the time of the census or the job of longest duration from January 2000 to May 15, 2001. The information pertains to persons 25 to 64 years of age. Younger people are not included here since many of them are still in school, and their jobs tend to be short-term and part-time and less likely to be related to their education and career choices than the jobs of older adults. Occupation groups are defined in the Glossary.
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