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Guide to preparing project descriptions

Our website is undergoing significant changes to provide updated guidance on the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada's practice on the application of the Impact Assessment Act and its regulations. This webpage and its contents may not reflect the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada's current practices. Proponents remain responsible for following applicable legislation and regulations. For more information, please contact guidancefeedback-retroactionorientation@iaac-aeic.gc.ca

July 2026

At the time of publishing, potential changes to the Impact Assessment Act are proposed by the Government of Canada in the Getting Major Projects Built discussion paper, including a potential change to the lead for the impact assessment of projects that are regulated by the Canada Energy Regulator and the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission. Should such a change be made, this document will be updated.

On this page

Introduction

The Impact Assessment Act (IAA) requires proponents of designated projects to provide information about their project to the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada (IAAC) in an Initial Project Description. This description helps inform IAAC's decision as to whether an impact assessment is required under the IAA. Where necessary to inform IAAC's decision, proponents may also be required to provide a Detailed Project Description or other information.

Requirements for project descriptions apply to designated projects, that is, projects that include one or more physical activities identified in the Physical Activities Regulations (commonly known as the Project List). The requirements also apply to projects designated under section 9 of the IAA (see Designating a Project under the Impact Assessment Act). Requirements for project descriptions under the IAA do not apply to designated projects that are projects of national interest named in Schedule 1 of the Building Canada Act.

This document provides guidance for proponents of designated projects regarding project descriptions. It also provides information about related steps in the Planning phase and IAAC's decision as to whether an impact assessment of a project is required.

Annexes to this document describe the specific information requirements for an Initial Project Description (Annex I), a Detailed Project Description (if required) (Annex II), and additional information requirements for energy projects regulated by the Canada Energy Regulator (Annex III).

This document is for informational purposes only. The requirements related to project descriptions are set out in the IAA and the Information and Management of Time Limits Regulations (the Regulations). This document is not a substitute for the IAA or its regulations. In the event of an inconsistency between this document and the IAA or its regulations, the IAA and its regulations would prevail. For the most up-to-date versions of the IAA and its regulations, please consult the Department of Justice website.

Getting ready to prepare a Project Description

IAAC encourages proponents of designated projects to engage with IAAC as early as possible prior to preparing an Initial Project Description. IAAC will aim to provide support and information to proponents preparing an Initial Project Description. This includes advice and information about how to prepare for a potential impact assessment and federal permitting, and what it means to be ready to begin an assessment.

The permits and authorizations anticipated to be required for the project are an element of the Initial Project Description. IAAC will coordinate with federal authorities to provide guidance on federal permits, licences or authorizations (collectively called "permits") that may be required to begin construction. In addition, proponents can also engage with federal authorities directly about permitting requirements.

Proponents are encouraged to share a draft Initial Project Description with IAAC prior to a formal submission.

Where a designated project is regulated by a lifecycle regulator (i.e., the Canada Energy Regulator or the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission) and may undergo federal assessment by IAAC, IAAC will collaborate with these lifecycle regulators prior to a proponent's formal submission of an Initial Project Description. An understanding of requirements for federal permitting, and of other jurisdictions' processes, are key elements in preparing to enter the Planning phase and can inform the development of an Initial Project Description.

An Initial Project Description must summarize engagement undertaken by a proponent with Indigenous Peoples. The Initial Project Description must include a summary of key issues raised and the results of the engagement. It must also include a brief description of plans for future engagement with Indigenous Peoples. Note that IAAC supports Indigenous participation through the Participant Funding Program and the Indigenous Capacity Support Program.

In preparing to enter the Planning phase, IAAC expects proponents to engage with Indigenous groups as early as possible. The proponent's engagement efforts should be consistent with the Government of Canada's commitment to implement the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (the Declaration) as a comprehensive international human rights instrument and Canada's roadmap for reconciliation. IAAC can provide proponents with a preliminary list of the Indigenous groups that should be engaged based on early information provided by the proponent about a project, including any early engagement by the proponent. IAAC encourages proponents to work collaboratively with potentially impacted Indigenous groups when developing an Initial Project Description, and to share with them a draft Initial Project Description prior to a formal submission. The proponent should identify any Indigenous Knowledge that was used in developing the Initial Project Description. For more information, proponents should consider IAAC's Guidance for proponents: Early engagement with Indigenous Peoples in impact assessments under the Impact Assessment Act.

An Initial Project Description must also summarize any engagement undertaken with any jurisdiction or other party, including the public. Again, it must include a summary of the results of any early engagement, a brief description of plans for future engagement, and the key issues raised. Key Issues are effect pathways that require in-depth consideration to support decision making.

Proponents should also engage provincial government(s) and other relevant jurisdictions regarding legislative or regulatory frameworks, and associated information that may be required. IAAC is committed to the principle of "one project, one review" and will work with relevant jurisdictions (e.g., province, Indigenous governing body) to reduce duplication and ensure cooperation throughout the impact assessment process, where possible. Formal co-operation agreements established under the IAA support collaboration, information sharing and, where appropriate, coordinated or joint processes. Note, such agreements do not alter the federal information requirements for project descriptions set out in this document.

Furthermore, early engagement with interested members of the public can help identify key issues associated with a designated project and related adverse federal effects. Proponents are encouraged to engage the public to inform the preparation of an Initial Project Description.

Project descriptions and related submissions

Proponents of designated projects must submit an Initial Project Description to IAAC which must contain, at a minimum, the information set out in section 3 and Schedule 1 of the Regulations. Proponents are encouraged to provide additional information in their Initial Project Description to support greater efficiency during a potential impact assessment and permitting. This includes information about key issues related to "adverse effects within federal jurisdiction" and "direct or incidental adverse effects" as defined in the IAA, together referred to as adverse federal effects. See Annex 1 for additional guidance regarding information in an Initial Project Description.

When IAAC receives an Initial Project Description from a proponent, it will review the document to determine whether it contains all the information required by the Regulations. If it does, IAAC will post the Initial Project Description on the Canadian Impact Assessment Registry. If required information is missing, IAAC will notify the proponent and require a complete Initial Project Description.

IAAC will then provide the proponent with a Summary of Issues with respect to the project that IAAC considers relevant, including issues raised by the public, by any other jurisdiction, or  Indigenous groups consulted, as well as any information or knowledge made available to IAAC by a federal authority that IAAC considers appropriate. The proponent will be required to provide IAAC with a Response to the Summary of Issues. In its Response, the proponent must explain how it intends to address the issues referred to in the Summary of Issues, including any issues that relate to the adverse impact that the designated project may have on the rights of Indigenous Peoples recognized and affirmed by section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982.

IAAC may also require the proponent to submit a Detailed Project Description if it is of the opinion that a decision on whether an impact assessment is required cannot be made without that additional description and information. If required, a Detailed Project Description must meet the requirements set out in section 4 and Schedule 2 of the Regulations. Any changes to the designated project since the Initial Project Description was provided should be appropriately identified in the Detailed Project Description. As with an Initial Project Description, proponents are encouraged to provide additional information to support efficiency during a potential impact assessment, including information about key issues related to adverse federal effects. See Annex II for additional guidance regarding information in a Detailed Project Description.

IAAC may also require the proponent to submit additional information or details if IAAC is of the opinion that a decision on whether an impact assessment is required cannot be made without that additional information or details.

When IAAC receives a Detailed Project Description or additional information or details from a proponent, it will review the submission to determine whether it contains the required information. If required information is missing, IAAC will notify the proponent and require the proponent to submit a complete Detailed Project Description or the requested additional information or details.

When IAAC is satisfied that the proponent has provided all of the information specified by IAAC in the Response to the Summary of Issues, as well as any required Detailed Project Description and/or additional information, then IAAC will post these documents to the Canadian Impact Assessment Registry.

IAAC will ensure that the public is provided with an opportunity to participate meaningfully during the Planning phase, such as a public comment period on a proponent's Initial Project Description to help inform key issues related to the project.

IAAC will use the Initial Project Description, the Response to the Summary of Issues, any required Detailed Project Description, any required additional information or details, and other sources to inform its decision of whether an impact assessment of the designated project is required. If an impact assessment is required, the information provided will also support the next steps in the Planning phase, including IAAC's finalization of Tailored Information and Studies Guidelines.

Decision as to whether an impact assessment is required

IAAC will consider the following factors in deciding whether an impact assessment of a designated project is required:

IAAC may decide that an impact assessment is required only if it is satisfied that the carrying out of the designated project may cause adverse federal effects. Annexes I and II of this guide reflect the requirements of the Regulations.

IAAC will post a notice of its decision on whether an impact assessment is required and the reasons for the decision on the Canadian Impact Assessment Registry.

Information accessibility and public disclosure

As required in section 6 of the Regulations, any information submitted by a proponent under a requirement of the IAA must
  1. be in a machine-readable format and
  2. include a plain-language summary of the information in English and in French.

Machine readable means information is presented in a structured and accessible format to enable end users who may rely on technology to read and process the content (e.g., a user can search for text within the document, can copy structured text, images, document information, and the document is not password protected). For ease of transmission and dissemination, IAAC prefers that proponents submit information as Portable Document Format (PDF) files that are machine readable.

Information received from the proponent may be made publicly available, such as through the Canadian Impact Assessment Registry.  If the confidentiality of any information is an issue, proponents should contact IAAC prior to making any submission.

The Government of Canada accepts no liability whatsoever for any claim that might in any way arise as a consequence of the Government of Canada's handling, use, publication or release of an Initial Project Description, a Response to the Summary of Issues, a Detailed Project Description, additional information or details, or any other information from a proponent, either in whole or in part. Proponents must ensure that the documents they provide are accurate, that nothing contained in these documents is subject to any confidentiality requirements, including any Indigenous Knowledge provided in confidence (refer to Protecting Confidential Indigenous Knowledge under the Impact Assessment Act). Proponents are not to provide confidential, personal, or proprietary information in these documents and must ensure that the documents can be disclosed to the public in their entirety.

Prohibitions and offences

Proponents are prohibited from doing any act or thing in connection with the carrying out of a designated project, in whole or in part, if that act or thing may cause any adverse effects within federal jurisdiction, as provided by subsection 7(1) of the IAA. The prohibition does not apply where IAAC has decided that an impact assessment is not required or where the proponent complies with conditions stated in the decision statement issued by the Minister of the Environment, Climate Change and Nature at the end of the impact assessment process.

IAAC recognizes that proponents may need to conduct activities for project planning and in preparation of the Impact Statement. Proponents may contact IAAC for information regarding specific activities and the prohibitions to prevent effects within federal jurisdiction under section 7; however, the responsibility to ensure compliance with the IAA remains with the proponent. Further, where the prohibition would otherwise apply, IAAC may determine that certain information or details are required in order to prepare for a possible impact assessment of a designated project or for the purpose of providing to IAAC or a review panel the information or studies that IAAC considers necessary for the conduct of an impact assessment. In these situations, approval from IAAC is required prior to undertaking any activity for the purpose of providing the information or studies required that may cause an adverse effect within federal jurisdiction.

Proponents must ensure that the Initial Project Description, the Response to the Summary of Issues, any required Detailed Project Description, any additional information or details, associated data files, as well as all other information provided are accurate and do not contain false or misleading information. It is an offence under the IAA to make false or misleading statements or to provide misleading information to IAAC or any person who is exercising their powers or performing their duties or functions under the IAA.

How to submit required documents and data files

To submit the documents and data files described in this Guide use the Impact Assessment Agency Proponent Portal.

For more information on how to submit geospatial data, consult the Guidance on submitting geospatial data, which includes the Geospatial Data Submission Requirements Checklist.

For alternate means of submitting the required documents and files or for other enquiries, please contact the applicable regional IAAC office (refer to Contacts for the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada), send an e-mail to IAAC at project-projet@iaac-aeic.gc.ca, or call 1-866-582-1884.

Annex I - Contents of an Initial Project Description

As per subsection 10(1) of the IAA, an Initial Project Description must contain, at a minimum, the information set out in set out in section 3 and Schedule 1 of the Information and Management of Time Limits Regulations (the Regulations). The Initial Project Description must: The minimum information required in an Initial Project Description as prescribed by the Regulations is set out in the numbered items below and, in some cases, is followed by indented text which provides additional detail regarding the requirements and/or a description of additional information that could be provided in an Initial Project Description in support of process efficiency and to inform decision making. In describing any adverse federal effects likely to be caused by their project, proponents are encouraged to identify the key issues associated with these effects. Key Issues are effect pathways that require in-depth consideration to support decision making. Additional context about information in an Initial Project Description, including how IAAC may consider this information is, set out below.

Part A: General information

1

The project’s name, type or sector and proposed location.

  • When naming the project, proponents are encouraged to include a unique identifier (i.e. “Moose Jaw”, “Crow’s Nest”, “Victory”), the main resource or sector that is the focus of the project (i.e. “gold”, “hydroelectric”, “all season”), and the type of project (i.e. “mine”, “marine terminal”, “road”).
2
The proponent’s name and contact information and the name and contact information of their primary representative for the purpose of the description of the project.
3

A summary of any engagement undertaken with any jurisdiction or other party, including a summary of the key issues raised and the results of the engagement, and a brief description of any plan for future engagement.

  • To prepare this summary, proponents should engage with other federal authorities (including, where applicable, engagement coordinated by IAAC related to permitting coordination), provincial government(s), and any other relevant jurisdictions regarding information that may be required and any relevant legislative or regulatory frameworks of these authorities. Where available, proponents are also encouraged to include high-level information on potential federal permits or authorizations and any related engagement with authorities and proposed timing. Providing this information may support early awareness and facilitate coordination. The level of detail should be proportionate to the stage of project planning and the information available at the time.
  • Where an impact assessment would take place in the context of a formal co-operation agreement established under the IAA, information provided by proponents may help inform and support a coordinated approach to assessment and permitting alongside government-led coordination efforts, and contribute to reducing duplication.
  • Furthermore, the summary must include information about any engagement that was conducted with the public or other participants, including key issues raised.
4

A list of Indigenous groups that may be affected by the carrying out of the project, a summary of any engagement undertaken with the Indigenous Peoples of Canada, including a summary of key issues raised and the results of the engagement, and a brief description of any plan for future engagement.

  • IAAC expects proponents to engage with Indigenous groups as early as possible, and encourages sharing a draft Initial Project Description with Indigenous groups prior to a formal submission. IAAC can provide proponents with a preliminary list of the Indigenous groups that should be engaged based on early information provided by the proponent about the designated project, including any early engagement by the proponent. The summary should include any new project design considerations and positive outcomes that resulted from the engagement.
  • In addition, proponents should consider IAAC's Guidance for proponents: Early engagement with Indigenous Peoples in impact assessments under the Impact Assessment Act - Canada.ca.
5

Any study or plan, relevant to the project, that is being or has been conducted in respect of the region where the project is to be carried out, including a regional assessment that is being or has been carried out under section 92 or 93 of the IAA or by any jurisdiction, including by or on behalf of an Indigenous governing body, if the study or plan is available to the public.

  • Proponents are advised to contact IAAC and other jurisdictions for information regarding any regional studies or plans that could be identified in the Initial Project Description.
6

Any strategic assessment, relevant to the project, that is being or has been carried out under section 95 of the IAA.

  • Proponents are advised to contact IAAC during the preparation of an Initial Project Description for information regarding any strategic assessments that may be relevant.

Part B: Project Information

7

A statement of the purpose of and need for the project, including any potential benefits.

  • The purpose of the designated project is what is to be achieved by carrying out the project, including any objectives the proponent has in carrying out the project.
  • The need for the designated project is the opportunity that the project is intended to solve or satisfy. That is, the "need for" establishes the fundamental justification or rationale for the project.
  • The potential benefits of the project could be items such as levels of investments, employment opportunities, increased community well-being, or supporting key initiatives, e.g. Canada's Critical Minerals Strategy.
  • The "purpose of" and "need for" the designated project should be established from the perspective of the proponent and provide context for the consideration of alternatives to the project and alternative means of carrying out the project (see item 12 below).
  • To provide information on the level of investment represented by the project, proponents are encouraged to provide the estimated capital cost of the designated project (in Canadian dollars), reflecting the total costs for activities necessary to carry the project from development to operation, which may include planning and design, environmental reviews and permitting, land acquisition, purchase of equipment, and construction, as applicable.
8

The provisions in the schedule to the Physical Activities Regulations describing the project, in whole or in part.

  • Where identified in the Physical Activities Regulations (the Project List), the proponent must describe how the designated physical activity meets the description(s) in the Project List including any threshold (e.g., provide the maximum length of new right of way) and the criteria in any of the other provisions.
  • Indicate whether the designated physical activity that is included on the Project List is a component of a larger project that is not included on the Project List.
9

A list of all activities, infrastructure, permanent or temporary structures and physical works to be included in and associated with the construction, operation and decommissioning of the project.

  • In order for IAAC to decide whether an impact assessment is required, IAAC needs to understand what is included in the designated project (i.e., both the physical activity from the Project List as well as incidental activities).
  • The designated project should be well-defined and not expected to change significantly, or should clearly identify the alternatives to components that may change. Note: alternatives are considered further in item 12 below.
  • Include a list of existing structures as well as related activities that will form part of or are required to accommodate or support the designated project. For example, activities during site preparation or construction might include land clearing, excavating, grading, de-watering, directional drilling, dredging and disposal of dredged sediments, infilling, and installing structures. The list should clearly distinguish between any ongoing activities or existing physical works that are not part of the designated project, and those that do form part of the designated project.
  • This list is to include the physical activities that are incidental to the designated activity. In determining such activities, the following criteria will be taken into account:
    • nature of the proposed activities and whether they are subordinate or complementary to the designated project;
    • whether the activity is within the care and control of the proponent;
    • if the activity is to be undertaken by a third party, the nature of the relationship between the proponent and the third party and whether the proponent has the ability to direct or influence the carrying out of the activity;
    • whether the activity is solely for the benefit of the proponent or is available for other proponents as well; and
    • the federal and/or provincial regulatory requirements for the activity.
  • IAAC takes these criteria into consideration in determining what activities are incidental to the designated physical activity and included as part of the designated project.
  • Should the designated project include transportation activities, information should be provided on where transportation will join established transportation corridors (e.g., site access road connects to municipal road).
10

An estimate of maximum production capacity of the project and a description of the production processes to be used.

  • Capacity refers to the maximum capacity based on the designated project's design and, when relevant, operating conditions, not the planned capacity of a project.
  • This information may not be relevant to all designated project types (e.g., highway, railway line), and the proponent should indicate where this is the case. The proponent may instead provide other relevant metrics of project size (e.g., area, length, usage).
11

The anticipated schedule for the project’s construction, operation, decommissioning, and abandonment, including any expansions of the project.

  • This information should include the schedule for the key activities of the each of those phases.
  • The schedule should also take into account the anticipated time required to conduct the impact assessment, should one be required.
12

A list of:

  1. potential alternative means of carrying out the project that the proponent is considering and that are technically and economically feasible, including through the use of best available technologies and
  2. potential alternatives to the project that the proponent is considering and that are technically and economically feasible and directly related to the project.
  • Alternative means are the various technically and economically feasible ways, including through the use of best available technologies, which would allow a designated project and its physical activities to be carried out.
  • Alternatives to the designated project are functionally different ways to meet the need for the project and achieve its purpose that are technically and economically feasible.
  • Project design components should be well-defined and not expected to change significantly or, where some components may change, identify the alternatives under consideration, or that had been considered, in the Initial Project Description.
  • Where the proponent is of the view that there are no alternatives to the designated project or that there are no alternative means that are technically and economically feasible, alternatives considered should be listed with a rationale as to why they are not feasible.
  • The proponent is encouraged to demonstrate how the perspectives and suggestions of Indigenous Peoples were taken into consideration in providing information about alterative means and alternatives to the project.

Part C: Location information

13

A description of the project's proposed location, including:

13a

[The project's] proposed geographic coordinates, including, for linear development projects, the proposed locations of major ancillary facilities that are integral to the project and a description of the spatial boundaries of the proposed study corridor;

  • Coordinates should be provided in a form suitable for use in GIS (e.g., longitude / latitude) using international standard representation.
  • Coordinates should be appropriate for the project type. For example: for the centre of a facility, for the boundaries of a proposed mine site, or for the beginning and end points and path of a linear project. Examples of linear development projects are pipelines, railway lines and transmission lines.
  • For linear projects, proponents should also provide the extent of the construction corridor, if it is different from the proposed study corridor.
  • Proponents should indicate if the designated project will be using an existing right of way that has been previously used for another linear project.
  • The Physical Activities Regulations define a new right of way to mean
    • land that is to be developed for an international electrical transmission line, a pipeline, as defined in section 2 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act, a railway line or an all-season public highway, and that is not alongside and contiguous to an area of land that was developed for an electrical transmission line, oil and gas pipeline, railway line or all-season public highway.
13b

Site maps produced at an appropriate scale in order to determine the project's proposed general location and the spatial relationship of the project components;

  • Proponents are encouraged to include in the maps key information required in items 13a-13f, where practicable. Site maps should be provided to IAAC as electronic geospatial data file(s) compliant with the ISO 19115 standard.
13c

The legal description of land to be used for the project, including, if the land has already been acquired, the title, deed or document and any authorization relating to a water lot;

  • The level of detail should be appropriate for the project type.For example, simple land ownership where the proponent owns the land would require less description than complex land ownership, such as for a pipeline or transmission line, where there is a mix of private and public land, and some right of ways.
13d
The project's proximity to any permanent, seasonal or temporary residences and to the nearest affected communities;
13e

The project's proximity to:

  • land used for traditional purposes by Indigenous peoples of Canada;
  • land in a reserve as defined in subsection 2(1) of the Indian Act;
  • First Nation land as defined in subsection 2(1) of the Framework Agreement on First Nation Land Management Act*;
  • land that is subject to a comprehensive land claim agreement or a self-government agreement; and
  • any other land set aside for the use and benefit of Indigenous Peoples of Canada; and

* Note the Framework Agreement on First Nation Land Management Act has replaced the First Nations Land Management Act referred to in the Regulations.

13f

The project's proximity to any federal lands.

14
A brief description of the physical and biological environment of the project's location, based on information that is available to the public.
15
A brief description of the health, social and economic context in the region where the project is located, based on information that is available to the public and/or derived from any engagement undertaken.

Part D: Federal, provincial, territorial, indigenous and municipal involvement

16

A description of any financial support that federal authorities are, or may be, providing to the project.

  • This informs the potential for the designated project to result in direct or incidental adverse effects.
  • If a federal authority is, or may be, providing financial assistance for the purpose of enabling the designated project to be carried out in whole or in part, then IAAC will consider the non-negligible adverse effects that are directly linked or necessarily incidental to that financial assistance.
17

A list of any federal land that may be used for the purpose of carrying out the project.

  • This informs the potential for the designated project to result in direct or incidental adverse effects, including any non-negligible adverse effects resulting from a physical activity that is carried out on federal land (Item 22.1 below requires information about adverse effects that may be caused by the carrying out of a designated project on federal land or that involves a federal work or undertaking).
  • If a federal authority takes an action or makes a decision that would enable the use of federal land (e.g. granting an authorization, licence, or interest in the land) for the purpose of carrying out the designated project, then IAAC will consider the non-negligible adverse effects that are directly linked or necessarily incidental to that enabling action or decision.
18

A list of any jurisdictions that have powers, duties or functions in relation to an assessment of the project's environmental effects.

  • This may include permits, licences, or other authorizations that may be required by federal authorities or other jurisdictions. This may inform:
    • whether there may be a means other than an impact assessment (such as a legislative or regulatory framework) that may address adverse federal effects;
    • the potential for the designated project to result in direct or incidental adverse effects; and
    • the development of a detailed permitting plan.
  • IAAC encourages the proponent to indicate the status of any application for federal permits, licences, or other authorizations with federal authorities, and the associated engagement with those federal authorities.

Part E: Potential effects of the project

19

A list of any non-negligible adverse changes - to the following components of the environment that are within the legislative authority of Parliament - that may be caused by the carrying out of the project:

  1. fish and fish habitat, as defined in subsection 2(1) of the Fisheries Act;
  2. aquatic species, as defined in subsection 2(1) of the Species at Risk Act; and
  3. migratory birds, as defined in subsection 2(1) of the Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994.
  • The Fisheries Act defines fish to include
    • (a) parts of fish,
    • (b) shellfish, crustaceans, marine animals and any parts of shellfish, crustaceans or marine animals, and
    • (c) the eggs, sperm, spawn, larvae, spat and juvenile stages of fish, shellfish, crustaceans and marine animals; 
  • The Fisheries Act defines fish habitat to mean
    • water frequented by fish and any other areas on which fish depend directly or indirectly to carry out their life processes, including spawning grounds and nursery, rearing, food supply and migration areas; 
  • The Species at Risk Act defines aquatic species to mean
    • a wildlife species that is a fish, as defined in section 2 of the Fisheries Act, or a marine plant, as defined in section 47 of that Act
  • Section 47 of the Fisheries Act defines marine plant to include
    • all benthic and detached algae, marine flowering plants, brown algae, red algae, green algae and phytoplankton
  • The Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994 defines migratory bird to mean
    • a migratory bird referred to in the Convention, and includes the sperm, eggs, embryos, tissue cultures and parts of the bird.
20
A list of any non-negligible adverse changes to the environment - that would occur on federal lands - that may be caused by the carrying out the project.
20.1
A list of any non-negligible adverse changes to the marine environment – that are caused by pollution and that would occur outside Canada – that may be caused by the carrying out of the project.
20.2

A list of any non-negligible adverse changes to interprovincial waters or to boundary waters or international waters, as those terms are defined in subsection 2(1) of the Canada Water Act, - that are caused by pollution – that may be caused by the carrying out of the project.

  • As per the Canada Water Act:
    • boundary waters means the waters from main shore to main shore of the lakes and rivers and connecting waterways, or the portions thereof, along which the international boundary between the United States and Canada passes, including all bays, arms, and inlets thereof, but not including tributary waters which in their natural channels would flow into such lakes, rivers, and waterways, or waters flowing from such lakes, rivers, and waterways, or the waters of rivers flowing across the boundary.
    • international waters means waters of rivers that flow across the international boundary between the United States and Canada.
21

With respect to the Indigenous Peoples of Canada, a brief description of any non-negligible adverse impacts on:

  • physical and cultural heritage;
  • the current use of lands and resources for traditional purposes; or
  • any structure, site or thing that is of historical, archaeological, paleontological or architectural significance,

- occurring in Canada and resulting from any change to the environment - that may be caused by the carrying out of the project, based on information that is available to the public or derived from any engagement undertaken with Indigenous Peoples of Canada.

22
A brief description of any non-negligible adverse changes occurring in Canada to the health, social or economic conditions of the Indigenous Peoples of Canada, that may be caused by the carrying out of the project, based on information that is available to the public or derived from any engagement undertaken with the Indigenous Peoples of Canada.
22.1

If the project is to be carried out on federal lands or is a federal work or undertaking,as defined in subsection 3(1) of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, a list of any non-negligible adverse effects that may be caused by the carrying out of the project.

  • For federal lands and federal works or undertakings, effects include changes to the environment and to health, social, and economic conditions.  
  • As per the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999:
    • federal work or undertaking means any work or undertaking that is within the legislative authority of Parliament, including:
      1. a work or undertaking operated for or in connection with navigation and shipping, whether inland or maritime, including the operation of ships and transportation by ship;
      2. a railway, canal, telegraph or other work or undertaking connecting one province with another, or extending beyond the limits of a province;
      3. a line of ships connecting a province with any other province, or extending beyond the limits of a province;
      4. a ferry between any province and any other province or between any province and any country other than Canada;
      5. airports, aircraft and commercial air services;
      6. a broadcast undertaking;
      7. a bank or an authorized foreign bank within the meaning of section 2 of the Bank Act;
      8. a work or undertaking that, although wholly situated within a province, is before or after its completion declared by Parliament to be for the general advantage of Canada or for the advantage of two or more provinces; and
      9. a work or undertaking outside the exclusive legislative authority of the legislatures of the provinces.
23

An estimate of any greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with the project.

  • Proponents are encouraged to provide an estimate of the net GHG emissions associated with all project components and activities. At minimum, this estimate must include net GHG emissions from project components and activities on federal lands, and those that result from federal works or undertakings that are part of the project.
  • For guidance on the calculation of GHG emissions, the proponent should refer to the latest version of Environment and Climate Change Canada's Strategic Assessment of Climate Change and associated technical guides.
24
A list of the types of waste and emissions that are likely to be generated – in the air, in or on water and in or on land – during any phase of the project.

Part F: Summary

25

A plain-language summary of the information that is required under items 1 to 24 in English and in French.

  • The plain-language summaries of the information in English and in French must be of equal quality.
  • For ease of reference, proponents are encouraged to use the same section numbering and figures as in the full Initial Project Description.
  • For guidance on how to write in plain language, see the style guide available online.

Annex II - Contents of a Detailed Project Description

As per subsection 10(1) of the IAA, an Initial Project Description must contain, at a minimum, the information set out in set out in section 3 and Schedule 1 of the Information and Management of Time Limits Regulations (the Regulations). The Initial Project Description must: The minimum information required in a Detailed Project Description as prescribed by the Regulations is set out in the numbered items below and, in some cases, is followed by indented text which provides additional detail regarding the requirements and/or a description of additional information that could be provided in the Detailed Project Description in support of process efficiency and to inform decision making. In describing any adverse federal effects likely to be caused by their project, proponents are encouraged to identify the key issues associated with these effects. Key Issues are effect pathways that require in-depth consideration to support decision making. Additional context about information in a Detailed Project Description, including how IAAC may consider this information is, set out below.

Part A: Updated general information

1

The project’s name, type or sector and proposed location.

  • When naming the designated project, proponents are encouraged to include a unique identifier (e.g., "Moose Jaw", "Crow's Nest", "Victory"), the main resource or sector that is the focus of the project (e.g., "gold", "hydroelectric", "all season"), and the type of project (e.g., "mine", "marine terminal", "road”).
2
The proponent's name and contact information and the name and contact information of their primary representative for the purpose of the description of the project.

Part B: Planning Phase Results

3

A summary of the results of any engagement undertaken with any jurisdiction or other party.

  • This summary must update information provided in the Initial Project Description.
4

A summary of the results of any engagement undertaken with the Indigenous Peoples of Canada, including a list of the Indigenous groups that may be affected by the project, including those groups that identified themselves during the planning phase as being potentially affected.

5

Any study or plan, relevant to the project, that is being or has been conducted in respect of the region where the project is to be carried out, including a regional assessment that is being or has been carried out under section 92 or 93 of the IAA or by any jurisdiction, including by or on behalf of an Indigenous governing body, if the study or plan is available to the public.

  • Proponents are advised to contact IAAC and other jurisdictions for information regarding any regional studies or plans that could be provided in the Detailed Project Description.
6

Any strategic assessment, relevant to the project, that is being or has been carried out under section 95 of the IAA.

  • Proponents are advised to contact IAAC during the preparation of the Detailed Project Description for information regarding any strategic assessments that may be relevant.

Part C: Project information

7

A statement of the purpose of and need for the project, including any potential benefits.

  • The purpose of the designated project is what is to be achieved by carrying out the project, including any objectives the proponent has in carrying out the project.
  • The need for the designated project is the opportunity that the project is intended to solve or satisfy. That is, the "need for" establishes the fundamental justification or rationale for the project.
  • The potential benefits of the project could be items such as level of investments, employment opportunities, increased community well-being, or supporting key initiatives, e.g. Canada's Critical Minerals Strategy.
  • The "purpose of" and "need for" the designated project should be established from the perspective of the proponent and provide context for the consideration of alternatives to the project and alternative means of carrying out the project (see item 12 below).
  • To provide information on the level of investment represented by the project, proponents are encouraged to provide the estimated capital cost of the designated project (in Canadian dollars), reflecting the total costs for activities necessary to carry the project through development to operation, which may include planning and design, environmental reviews and permitting, land acquisition, purchase of equipment, and construction, as applicable.
8

The provisions in the schedule to the Physical Activities Regulations describing the project, in whole or in part.

  • Where identified in the Physical Activities Regulations (the Project List), the proponent must describe how the designated physical activity meets the description(s) in the Project List including any threshold (e.g., provide the maximum length of new right of way) and the criteria in any of the other provisions.
  • Indicate whether the designated physical activity that is included on the Project List is a component of a larger project that is not included on the Project List.
9

A description of all activities, infrastructure, permanent or temporary structures and physical works to be included in and associated with the construction, operation and decommissioning of the project, including their purpose, size and capacity.

  • In order for IAAC to decide whether an impact assessment is required, IAAC needs to understand what is included in the designated project (i.e., both the physical activity from the Project List as well as incidental activities).
  • The designated project should be well-defined and not expected to change significantly, or should clearly identify the alternatives to components that may change. Note: alternatives are considered further in item 12 below.
  • Include a description of existing structures as well as related activities that will form part of or are required to accommodate or support the designated project. For example, activities during site preparation or construction might include land clearing, excavating, grading, de-watering, directional drilling, dredging and disposal of dredged sediments, infilling, and installing structures. This description should clearly distinguish between any ongoing activities or existing physical works that are not part of the designated project, and those that do form part of the designated project.
  • This description is to include the physical activities that are incidental to the designated activity. In determining such activities, the following criteria will be taken into account:
    • nature of the proposed activities and whether they are subordinate or complementary to the designated project;
    • whether the activity is within the care and control of the proponent;
    • if the activity is to be undertaken by a third party, the nature of the relationship between the proponent and the third party and whether the proponent has the ability to "direct or influence" the carrying out of the activity;
    • whether the activity is solely for the benefit of the proponent or is available for other proponents as well; and,
    • the federal and/or provincial regulatory requirements for the activity.
  • IAAC takes these criteria into consideration in determining what activities are incidental to the designated physical activity and included as part of the designated project.
  • Should the designated project include transportation activities, information should be provided on where transportation will join established transportation corridors (e.g., site access road connects to municipal road)
10

An estimate of the maximum production capacity of the project and a description of the production processes to be used.

  • Capacity refers to the maximum capacity based on the designated project's design and, when relevant, operating conditions, not the planned capacity of the project.
  • This information may not be relevant to all designated project types (e.g., highway, railway line), and the proponent should indicate where this is the case. The proponent may instead provide other relevant metrics of project size (e.g., area, length, usage).
11

The anticipated schedule for the project's construction, operation, decommissioning and abandonment, including any expansions of the project.

  • This information should include the schedule for the key activities of each of those phases.
  • The schedule should also take into account the anticipated time required to conduct an impact assessment (following a section 16 decision), should that be required.
12

A description of potential:

  1. alternative means of carrying out the project that the proponent is considering and that are technically and economically feasible, including through the use of best available technologies; and
  2. alternatives to the project that the proponent is considering and that are technically and economically feasible and directly related to the project.
  • Alternative means are the various technically and economically feasible ways, including through the use of best available technologies, which would allow a designated project and its physical activities to be carried out.
  • Alternatives to the project are functionally different ways to meet the need for the project and achieve its purpose that are technically and economically feasible.
  • Project design components should be well-defined and not expected to change significantly or, where some components may change, identify the alternatives under consideration, or that had been considered, in the Detailed Project Description.
  • Where the proponent is of the view that there are no alternatives to the designated project or that there are no alternative means that are technically and economically feasible, alternatives considered should be listed with a rationale as to why they were not feasible.
  • The proponent is encouraged to demonstrate how the perspectives and suggestions of Indigenous Peoples were taken into consideration in providing information about alterative means and alternatives to the project.

Part D: Location information

13

A description of the project's proposed location, including:

13a

[The project's] proposed geographic coordinates, including, for linear development projects, the proposed locations of major ancillary facilities that are integral to the project and a description of the spatial boundaries of the proposed study corridor;

  • Coordinates should be provided in a form suitable for use in GIS (e.g., longitude/latitude) using international standard representation.
  • Coordinates should be appropriate for the project type. For example: for the centre of a facility, for the boundaries of a proposed mine site, or for beginning and end points and path of a linear project. Examples of linear development projects are pipelines, railway lines and transmission lines.
  • For linear projects, proponents should also provide the extent of the construction corridor, if it is different than the proposed study corridor.
  • Proponents should indicate if the designated project will be using an existing right of way that has been previously used for another linear project.
  • The Physical Activities Regulations define a new right of way to mean
    • land that is to be developed for an international electrical transmission line, a pipeline, as defined in section 2 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act, a railway line or an all-season public highway, and that is not alongside and contiguous to an area of land that was developed for an electrical transmission line, oil and gas pipeline, railway line or all-season public highway.
13b

Site maps produced at an appropriate scale in order to determine the project's general location and the spatial relationship of the project components;

  • Proponents are encouraged to include in the maps all information required in items 13a-13f, where practicable. Site maps should be provided to IAAC as electronic geospatial data file(s) compliant with the ISO 19115 standard.
13c

The legal description of land to be used for the project, including, if the land has already been acquired, the title, deed or document and any authorization relating to a water lot;

  • The level of detail should be appropriate for the project type. For example, simple land ownership where the proponent owns the land would require less description than complex land ownership, such as for a pipeline or transmission line, where there is a mix of private and public land, and some right of ways.
13d

The project's proximity to any permanent, seasonal or temporary residences and to the nearest affected communities;

13e

The project's proximity to:

  • land used for traditional purposes by Indigenous peoples of Canada;
  • land in a reserve as defined in subsection 2(1) of the Indian Act;
  • First Nation land as defined in subsection 2(1) of the Framework Agreement on First Nation Land Management Act*;
  • land that is subject to a comprehensive land claim agreement or a self-government agreement; and
  • any other land set aside for the use and benefit of Indigenous Peoples of Canada; and

* Note the Framework Agreement on First Nation Land Management Act has replaced the First Nations Land Management Act referred to in the Regulations.

13f
The project's proximity to any federal lands.
14
A description of the physical and biological environment of the project's location based on information that is available to the public.
15
A description of the health, social and economic context in the region where the project is located, based on information that is available to the public or derived from any engagement undertaken.

Part E: Federal, provincial, territorial, indigenous or municipal involvement and effects

16

A description of any financial support that federal authorities are, or may be, providing to the project.

  • This informs the potential for the designated project to result in direct or incidental adverse effects.
  • If a federal authority is or may be providing financial assistance for the purpose of enabling the designated project to be carried out in whole or in part, then IAAC will consider the non-negligible adverse effects that are directly linked or necessarily incidental to that financial assistance.
17

A description of any federal lands that may be used for the purpose of carrying out the project.

  • This informs the potential for the designated project to result in direct or incidental adverse effects, including any non-negligible adverse effects resulting from a physical activity that is carried out on federal land (Item 22.1 below requires information about adverse effects that may be caused by the carrying out of a designated project on federal land or that involves a federal work or undertaking).
  • If a federal authority takes an action or makes a decision that would enable the use of federal land (e.g., granting an authorization, licence, or interest in the land) for the purpose of carrying out the designated project, then IAAC will consider the non-negligible adverse effects that are directly linked or necessarily incidental to that enabling action or decision.
18

A list of the permits, licences or other authorizations that may be required by jurisdictions that have powers, duties or functions in relation to an assessment of the project's environmental effects.

  • This may include permits, licences, or other authorizations that may be required by federal authorities or other jurisdictions. This informs:
    • whether there may be a means other than an impact assessment (such as a legislative or regulatory framework) that may address adverse federal effects;
    • the potential for the designated project to result in direct or incidental adverse effects; and,
    • the development of a detailed permitting plan.
  • IAAC encourages the proponent to indicate the status of any application for federal permits, licences, or other authorizations with federal authorities, and the associated engagement with those federal authorities.

Part F: Potential effects of the project

19

A description of any non-negligible adverse changes - to the following components of the environment that are within the legislative authority of Parliament - that may be caused by the carrying out of the project:

  1. fish and fish habitat, as defined in subsection 2(1) of the Fisheries Act;
  2. aquatic species, as defined in subsection 2(1) of the Species at Risk Act; and
  3. migratory birds, as defined in subsection 2(1) of the Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994.
  • The Fisheries Act defines fish to include
    • (a) parts of fish,
    • (b) shellfish, crustaceans, marine animals and any parts of shellfish, crustaceans or marine animals, and
    • (c) the eggs, sperm, spawn, larvae, spat and juvenile stages of fish, shellfish, crustaceans and marine animals; 
  • The Fisheries Act defines fish habitat to mean
    • water frequented by fish and any other areas on which fish depend directly or indirectly to carry out their life processes, including spawning grounds and nursery, rearing, food supply and migration areas; 
  • The Species at Risk Act defines aquatic species to mean
    • a wildlife species that is a fish, as defined in section 2 of the Fisheries Act, or a marine plant, as defined in section 47 of that Act
  • Section 47 of the Fisheries Act defines marine plant to include
    • all benthic and detached algae, marine flowering plants, brown algae, red algae, green algae and phytoplankton
  • The Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994 defines migratory bird to mean
    • a migratory bird referred to in the Convention, and includes the sperm, eggs, embryos, tissue cultures and parts of the bird.
20
A description of any non-negligible adverse changes to the environment - that would occur on federal lands - that may be caused by the carrying out of the project.
20.1
A description of any non-negligible adverse changes to the marine environment – that are caused by pollution and that would occur outside Canada - that may be caused by the carrying out of the project.
20.2

A description of any non-negligible adverse changes to interprovincial waters or to boundary waters or international waters, as those terms are defined in subsection 2(1) of the Canada Water Act – that are caused by pollution – that may be caused by the carrying out of the project.

  • As per the Canada Water Act:
    • boundary waters means the waters from main shore to main shore of the lakes and rivers and connecting waterways, or the portions thereof, along which the international boundary between the United States and Canada passes, including all bays, arms, and inlets thereof, but not including tributary waters which in their natural channels would flow into such lakes, rivers, and waterways, or waters flowing from such lakes, rivers, and waterways, or the waters of rivers flowing across the boundary.
    • international waters means waters of rivers that flow across the international boundary between the United States and Canada.
21

With respect to the Indigenous Peoples of Canada, a description of any non-negligible adverse impacts on:

  • physical and cultural heritage;
  • the current use of lands and resources for traditional purposes; or
  • any structure, site or thing that is of historical, archaeological, paleontological or architectural significance,

- occurring in Canada and resulting from any change to the environment - that may be caused by the carrying out of the project, based on information that is available to the public or derived from any engagement undertaken with the Indigenous Peoples of Canada.

22
A description of any non-negligible adverse changes occurring in Canada to the health, social or economic conditions of the Indigenous Peoples of Canada, that may be caused by the carrying out of the project, based on information that is available to the public or derived from any engagement undertaken with the Indigenous Peoples of Canada.
22.1

If the project is to be carried out on federal lands or is a federal work or undertaking,as defined in subsection 3(1) of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, a description of any non-negligible adverse effects that may be caused by the carrying out of the project.

  • For federal lands and federal works or undertakings, effects include changes to the environment and to health, social and economic conditions.
  • As per the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999:
    • federal work or undertaking means any work or undertaking that is within the legislative authority of Parliament, including
      1. a work or undertaking operated for or in connection with navigation and shipping, whether inland or maritime, including the operation of ships and transportation by ship;
      2. a railway, canal, telegraph or other work or undertaking connecting one province with another, or extending beyond the limits of a province;
      3. a line of ships connecting a province with any other province, or extending beyond the limits of a province;
      4. a ferry between any province and any other province or between any province and any country other than Canada;
      5. airports, aircraft and commercial air services;
      6. a broadcast undertaking;
      7. a bank or an authorized foreign bank within the meaning of section 2 of the Bank Act;
      8. a work or undertaking that, although wholly situated within a province, is before or after its completion declared by Parliament to be for the general advantage of Canada or for the advantage of two or more provinces; and
      9. a work or undertaking outside the exclusive legislative authority of the legislatures of the provinces.
23

An estimate of any greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with the project.

  • Proponents are encouraged to provide an estimate of the net GHG emissions associated with all project components and activities. At minimum, this estimate must include net GHG emissions from project components and activities on federal lands, and those that result from federal works or undertakings that are part of the project.
  • For guidance on the calculation of GHG emissions, the proponent should refer to the latest version of Environment and Climate Change Canada's Strategic Assessment of Climate Change and associated technical guides.
24
A description of any waste and emissions that are likely to be generated – in the air, in or on water and in or on land - during any phase of the project and a description of the plan to manage them.

Part G: Summary

25

A plain-language summary of the information that is required under items 1 to 24 in English and in French.

  • The plain-language summaries of the information in English and in French must be of equal quality.
  • For ease of reference, proponents are encouraged to use the same section numbering and figures as in the full Initial Project Description.
  • For guidance on how to write in plain language, see the style guide available online.

Annex III - Additional information requirements for energy projects regulated under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act

In addition to the requirements outlined in Annexes I and II, proponents of designated energy projects described in the Physical Activities Regulations that may be the subject of an integrated assessment with the Canada Energy Regulator should provide the following information in the Initial Project Description. Refer to the Canada Energy Regulator's Filing Manual, including Guide L -Early Engagement Guide for further guidance.

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2026-07-10