Annex 1: Key labour market statistics
Official title: Employment Insurance Monitoring and Assessment Report for the fiscal year beginning April 1, 2024, and ending March 31, 2025: Annex 1: Key labour market statistics
On this page
- List of abbreviations
- List of tables
- Annex 1.1: Key labour market statistics: Concepts and definitions
- Annex 1.2: Key labour market statistics
- Annex 1.3: Employment by province or territory, gender, age, educational attainment, industry, employment type, class of workers and job permanency (levels in thousands)
- Annex 1.4: Unemployment by province or territory, gender, age, educational attainment, industry, reasons for unemployment and unemployment duration (levels in thousands)
- Annex 1.5: Unemployment rate by province or territory, gender, age, educational attainment, and industry (%)
- Annex 1.6: Average duration of unemployment (weeks) by province, gender and age
- Annex 1.7: Job vacancies by province or territory, industry, job type, job permanency and vacancy duration
- Annex 1.8: Job vacancy rates by province or territory and industry (%)
- Annex 1.9: Average hourly wage rate by province, gender, age and industry (current dollars)
List of abbreviations
This is the complete list of abbreviations for the Employment Insurance Monitoring and Assessment Report for the fiscal year beginning April 1, 2024 and ending March 31, 2025.
- ACG
- Apprenticeship Completion Grants
- ADR
- Alternative Dispute Resolution
- AI
- Artificial Intelligence
- AIG
- Apprenticeship Incentive Grants
- B/C
- Benefits-to-Contributions
- B/U
- Beneficiary-to-Unemployed (rate)
- B/UC
- Beneficiary-to-Unemployed Contributor (rate)
- BDM
- Benefits Delivery Modernization
- CAL
- Canada Apprenticeship Loans
- CEEDD
- Canadian Employer-Employee Dynamics Database
- CCB
- Compassionate Care Benefits
- CCDA
- Canadian Council of Directors of Apprenticeship
- CEIC
- Canada Employment Insurance Commission
- CEIFB
- Canada Employment Insurance Financing Board
- CFP
- Call for Proposals
- CIRNAC
- Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada
- COLS
- Community Outreach and Liaison Service
- CPI
- Consumer Price Index
- CPP
- Canada Pension Plan
- CRA
- Canada Revenue Agency
- CRF
- Consolidated Revenue Fund
- CSO
- Citizen Service Officers
- CWDP
- Community Workforce Development Program
- CX
- Client Experience
- EAS
- Employment Assistance Services
- EB
- Employment Benefits
- EBSM
- Employment Benefits and Support Measures
- ECC
- Employer Contact Centre
- EDI
- Equity, Diversity and Inclusion
- EI
- Employment Insurance
- EI-A
- Employment Insurance Regular Benefits - Apprentices
- EIACC
- Employment Insurance Appeals Consultative Committee
- EICS
- Employment Insurance Coverage Survey
- ELMLP
- Education and Labour Market Longitudinal Platform
- eROE
- Electronic Record of Employment
- ES
- Employment Services
- ESDC
- Employment and Social Development Canada
- FS
- Family Supplement
- FTE
- Full-Time Equivalent
- FY
- Fiscal Year
- G7
- Group of 7
- GC
- Government of Canada
- GDP
- Gross Domestic Product
- HCCS
- Hosted Contact Centre Solution
- HR
- Human Resources
- IBD
- Integrity-by-Design
- IC
- Individual Counselling
- IQF
- Individual Quality Feedback
- ISET
- Indigenous Skills and Employment Training
- IVR
- Interactive Voice Response
- IWW
- Integrated Workload and Workforce
- JCP
- Job Creation Partnership
- KPI
- Key Performance Indicators
- LFS
- Labour Force Survey
- LMDA
- Labour Market Development Agreements
- LMI
- Labour Market Information
- LMIA
- Labour Market Impact Assessment
- LMP
- Labour Market Partnerships
- LTU
- Long-Term Unemployed
- MIE
- Maximum Insurable Earnings
- MSCA
- My Service Canada Account
- MUS
- Monetary Unit Sampling
- NEET
- Not in Employment, Education or Training
- NERE
- New Entrant and Re-Entrant
- NESI
- National Essential Skills Initiative
- NHQ
- National Headquarters
- NIS
- National Investigative Services
- NOC
- National Occupation Classification
- OAS
- Old Age Security
- OASIS
- Occupational and Skills Information System
- OECD
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
- p.p.
- Percentage point
- PAAR
- Payment Accuracy Review
- PCIC
- Parents of Critically Ill Children
- PCS
- Post Call Survey
- PEAQ
- Processing, Excellence, Accuracy and Quality
- PPE
- Premiums-paid Eligible Individuals
- PRAR
- Processing Accuracy Review
- PRP
- Premium Reduction Program
- PSPC
- Public Services and Procurement Canada
- PT
- Provinces and Territories
- QPIP
- Quebec Parental Insurance Plan
- R&I
- Research and Innovation
- RAIS
- Registered Apprenticeship Information System
- RN
- Registered Nurse
- ROE
- Record of Employment
- RPA
- Robotics Processing Automation
- SCC
- Service Canada Centre
- SCT
- Skills and Competency Taxonomy
- SD
- Skills Development
- SD-A
- Skills Development - Apprentices
- SD-R
- Skills Development - Regular
- SE
- Self-Employment
- SEAQ
- Service, Excellence, Accuracy and Quality
- SEPH
- Survey of Employment, Payrolls and Hours
- SFS
- Skills for Success
- SIN
- Social Insurance Number
- SIP
- Sectoral Initiatives Program
- SIR
- Social Insurance Register
- SM
- Support Measures
- SME
- Small and medium enterprise
- SRI
- Service Referral Initiative
- SRS
- Simple Random Sampling
- SST
- Social Security Tribunal
- STDP
- Short-Term Disability Plan
- SUB
- Supplemental Unemployment Benefit
- SWSP
- Sectoral Workforce Solutions Program
- TES
- Targeted Earning Supplements
- TFW
- Temporary Foreign Worker
- TIS
- Telephone Interpretation Service
- TRF
- Targeting, Referral and Feedback
- TTY
- Teletypewriter
- TWS
- Targeted Wage Subsidies
- UTIP
- Union Training and Innovation Program
- VBW
- Variable Best Weeks
- VER
- Variable Entrance Requirement
- VET
- Vocational Education and Training
- VRI
- Video Remote Interpretation
- VRS
- Video Relay Service
- WCAG
- Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
- WISE
- Work Integration Social Enterprises
- WWC
- Working While on Claim
List of tables
- Annex 1.2.1: Key labour market statistics (levels in thousands)
- Annex 1.2.2: Key labour market statistics (%)
- Annex 1.3.1: Employment by province or territory, gender, age, educational attainment, industry, employment type, class of workers and job permanency (levels in thousands)
- Annex 1.4.1: Unemployment by province or territory, gender, age, educational attainment, industry, reasons for unemployment and unemployment duration (levels in thousands)
- Annex 1.5.1: Unemployment rate by province or territory, gender, age, educational attainment, and industry (%)
- Annex 1.6.1: Average duration of unemployment (weeks) by province, gender and age
- Annex 1.7.1: Job vacancies by province or territory, industry, job type, job permanency and vacancy duration
- Annex 1.8.1: Job vacancy rates by province or territory and industry (%)
- Annex 1.9.1: Average hourly wage rate by province, gender, age and industry (current dollars)
Annex 1.1: Key labour market statistics: Concepts and definitions
Chapter I and Annex 1 provide information on the labour force, employment, unemployment, participation rate, employment rate, unemployment rate, job vacancies and job vacancy rate. These concepts are defined below.
Labour force
The labour force is comprised of those members of the civilian non-institutional population 15 years of age and over who were employed or unemployed during the Statistics Canada's Labour Force Survey reference week.
Persons who are not in the labour force include those who were either unable to work or unavailable for work during the Statistics Canada's Labour Force Survey reference period. They also include persons who were without work and who had neither actively looked for work in the past 4 weeks nor had a job to start within 4 weeks of the reference week.
Employment
Employed persons are those who, during the Statistics Canada's Labour Force Survey reference week:
- did any work at all at a job or business, that is, paid work in the context of an employer-employee relationship, or self-employment (it also includes persons who did unpaid family work, which is defined as unpaid work contributing directly to the operation of a farm, business or professional practice owned and operated by a related member of the same household), or
- had a job but were not at work due to factors such as their own illness or disability, personal or family responsibilities, vacation or a labour dispute (this excludes persons not at work because they were on layoff or between casual jobs, and those who did not then have a job even if they had a job to start at a future date)
Unemployment
Unemployed persons are those who, during the Statistics Canada's Labour Force Survey reference week:
- were without work but had looked for work in the past 4 weeks (ending with the reference week) and were available for work
- were on temporary layoff due to business conditions, with an expectation of recall (either because they have a definite date to return to work or because they have an indication from their employer that they will be recalled in the future) and were available for work, or
- were without work but had a job to start within 4 weeks from the reference week and were available for work
Participation rate
The participation rate is defined as the labour force expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over.
The participation rate for a particular group (province, gender, age, etc.) is the labour force in that group expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over for that group.
Employment rate
The employment rate is defined as the number of employed persons expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over.
The employment rate for a particular group (province, gender, age, etc.) is the number employed in that group expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over for that group.
Unemployment rate
The unemployment rate is defined as the number of unemployed persons expressed as a percentage of the labour force.
The unemployment rate for a particular group (province, gender, age, etc.) is the number unemployed in that group expressed as a percentage of the labour force for that group.
Job vacancies
A job is vacant if it meets the following conditions:
- it is vacant on the reference date (first day of the month) or will become vacant during the month;
- there are tasks to be carried out during the month for the job in question, and
- the employer is actively recruiting outside the organization to fill the job
The job could be full-time, part-time, permanent, temporary, casual, or seasonal. Jobs reserved for subcontractors, external consultants, or other workers who are not considered employees, are excluded.
Job vacancy rate
The number of job vacancies expressed as a percentage of total labour demand; e.g., the sum of filled and vacant jobs.
Sources: Statistics Canada, "Guide to the Labour Force Survey", catalogue no. 71-543-G, Ottawa: Statistics Canada, 2025. Statistics Canada, "Guide to the Job Vacancy and Wage Survey", Catalogue no. 75-514-G, Ottawa: Statistics Canada, 2024.
Annex 1.2: Key labour market statistics
| Category | 2022‑23 | 2023‑24 | 2024‑25 | Change (%) 2023‑24 to 2024‑25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population2 | 31,988.7 | 32,945.2 | 34,073.4 | +3.4 |
| Labour force | 20,973.3 | 21,660.1 | 22,279.2 | +2.9 |
| Employment | 19,906.2 | 20,451.0 | 20,818.8 | +1.8 |
| Unemployment | 1,067.1 | 1,209.1 | 1,460.4 | +20.8 |
- 1 Statistics exclude the territories.
- 2 Number of working-age persons, 15 years of age and older.
- Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, Table 14-10-0287-01, seasonally adjusted data.
| Category | 2022‑23 | 2023‑24 | 2024‑25 | Change (% points) 2023‑24 to 2024‑25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment rate | 5.1 | 5.6 | 6.6 | +1.0 |
| Participation rate | 65.6 | 65.8R | 65.4 | -0.4 |
| Employment rate | 64.8R | 62.1 | 61.1 | -1.0 |
- 1 Statistics exclude the territories.
- R Revised data.
- Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, Table 14-10-0287-01, seasonally adjusted data.
Annex 1.3: Employment by province or territory, gender, age, educational attainment, industry, employment type, class of workers and job permanency (levels in thousands)
| Category1 | 2022‑23 | 2023‑24 | 2024‑25 | Change (%) 2023‑24 to 2024‑25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newfoundland and Labrador | 236.3 | 240.8 | 244.1 | +1.4 |
| Prince Edward Island | 84.6 | 90.9 | 93.0 | +2.4 |
| Nova Scotia | 497.0 | 510.6 | 521.9 | +2.2 |
| New Brunswick | 380.2 | 390.8 | 401.5 | +2.7 |
| Quebec | 4,431.9 | 4,535.6 | 4,585.4 | +1.1 |
| Ontario | 7,829.9 | 8,044.0 | 8,185.8 | +1.8 |
| Manitoba | 690.7 | 710.9 | 728.0 | +2.4 |
| Saskatchewan | 580.1 | 590.4 | 605.1 | +2.5 |
| Alberta | 2,381.2 | 2,466.8 | 2,531.6 | +2.6 |
| British Columbia | 2,794.3 | 2,870.3 | 2,922.3 | +1.8 |
| Yukon2 | 23.9 | 25.2 | 26.8 | +6.3 |
| Northwest Territories2 | 24.2 | 23.5 | 23.1 | -1.5 |
| Nunavut2 | 14.3 | 14.0 | 14.3 | +2.2 |
| Men | 10,447.2 | 10,774.7 | 10,986.9 | +2.0 |
| Women | 9,459.0 | 9,676.3 | 9,831.9 | +1.6 |
| 15 to 24 years | 2,633.9 | 2,664.0 | 2,693.0 | +1.1 |
| 25 to 54 years | 13,010.0 | 13,423.7 | 13,779.0 | +2.6 |
| 55 years and older | 4,262.3 | 4,363.3 | 4,346.8 | -0.4 |
| Less than high school3 | 1,476.4 | 1,450.0 | 1,393.5 | -3.9 |
| High school diploma4 | 4,540.8 | 4,572.8 | 4,524.3 | -1.1 |
| Post-secondary certificate or diploma5 | 6,932.2 | 7,121.2 | 7,087.1 | -0.5 |
| University degree6 | 6,954.6 | 7,302.1 | 7,822.9 | +7.1 |
| Goods-producing industries | 4,126.7 | 4,195.7 | 4,207.2 | +0.3 |
| Agriculture | 264.0 | 249.8 | 232.4 | -7.0 |
| Forestry, fishing, mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction | 327.4 | 336.7 | 351.1 | +4.3 |
| Utilities | 154.1 | 159.1 | 151.4 | -4.9 |
| Construction | 1,574.9 | 1,602.1 | 1,616.8 | +0.9 |
| Manufacturing | 1,806.4 | 1,848.0 | 1,855.5 | +0.4 |
| Services-producing industries | 15,779.5 | 16,255.3 | 16,611.6 | +2.2 |
| Wholesale and retail trade | 2,982.2 | 2,987.2 | 2,942.5 | -1.5 |
| Transportation and warehousing | 988.2 | 1,061.5 | 1,081.8 | +1.9 |
| Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 1,371.1 | 1,389.1 | 1,436.9 | +3.4 |
| Professional, scientific and technical services | 1,844.8 | 1,916.3 | 1,986.6 | +3.7 |
| Business, building and other support services7 | 695.9 | 691.3 | 715.0 | +3.4 |
| Educational services | 1,484.6 | 1,533.3 | 1,576.9 | +2.8 |
| Health care and social assistance | 2,633.4 | 2,721.7 | 2,847.6 | +4.6 |
| Information, culture and recreation8 | 820.6 | 846.2 | 846.6 | +0.0 |
| Accommodation and food services | 1,075.4 | 1,129.0 | 1,154.0 | +2.2 |
| Other services (except public administration) | 722.9 | 781.9 | 792.7 | +1.4 |
| Public administration | 1,160.4 | 1,197.8 | 1,230.9 | +2.8 |
| Full-time employment9 | 16,327.0 | 16,784.2 | 17,039.2 | +1.5 |
| Part-time employment10 | 3,579.2 | 3,666.8 | 3,779.6 | +3.1 |
| Class of worker - Employees | 17,266.5 | 17,791.8 | 18,132.5 | +1.9 |
| Public sector employees | 4,233.4 | 4,347.6 | 4,488.3 | +3.2 |
| Private sector employees | 13,033.1 | 13,444.3 | 13,644.3 | +1.5 |
| Class of worker - Self-employed | 2,637.4 | 2,654.3 | 2,695.5 | +1.6 |
| Job permanency -Employees | 17,266.5 | 17,791.8 | 18,132.5 | +1.9 |
| Permanent employees11 | 15,237.6 | 15,751.5 | 16,080.2 | +2.1 |
| Temporary employees12 | 2,028.9 | 2,040.3 | 2,052.3 | +0.6 |
| Canada | 19,906.2 | 20,451.0 | 20,789.9 | +1.7 |
- 1 Data specific to territories are not included in the official total for Canada. Data in other categories (i.e. data by gender, age, educational attainment, industry, employment type, class of workers and job permanency) also excludes territorial data.
- 2 Figures for the territories are calculated based on 3-month moving averages using seasonally adjusted monthly data produced by Statistics Canada.
- 3 Includes 0 to 8 years of education and some high school.
- 4 Includes high school graduates and some post-secondary education (not completed).
- 5 Includes certificates (including trade certificates) or diplomas from an educational institution beyond the secondary level, which comprise certificates from a vocational school, apprenticeship training, community college, collège d'enseignement général et professionnel (cégep) and school of nursing. Also included are certificates below a bachelor's degree obtained at a university.
- 6 Includes at least a university bachelor's degree.
- 7 This industry sector comprises the industries with codes 55 (Management of companies and enterprises) and 56 (Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services) from the North American Industry Classification System.
- 8 This industry sector comprises the industries with codes 51 (Information and cultural industries) and 71 (Arts, entertainment and recreation) from the North American Industry Classification System.
- 9 Full-time employment consists of persons who usually work 30 hours or more per week at their main or only job.
- 10 Part-time employment consists of persons who usually work less than 30 hours per week at their main or only job.
- 11 A permanent job is one that is expected to last as long as the employee wants it, if business conditions permit-that is, there is no predetermined end date.
- 12 A temporary job has a predetermined end date or will end as soon as a specified project is completed. This category includes seasonal jobs; temporary, term or contract jobs, including work done through a temporary help agency; casual jobs; and other temporary work.
- Sources: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, Tables 14-10-0019-01, unadjusted (for data by educational attainment); 14-10-0355-01, seasonally adjusted (for data by industry); 14-10-0026-01, unadjusted (for data by class of workers); 14-10-0071-01, unadjusted (for data by job permanency); 14-10-0287-01, seasonally adjusted (for data specific to provinces, by gender, age and employment type); and 14-10-0292-01, seasonally adjusted (for data specific to territories).
Annex 1.4: Unemployment by province or territory, gender, age, educational attainment, industry, reasons for unemployment and unemployment duration (levels in thousands)
| Category1 | 2022‑23 | 2023‑24 | 2024‑25 | Change (%) 2023‑24 to 2024‑25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newfoundland and Labrador | 27.6 | 26.0 | 27.5 | +6.0 |
| Prince Edward Island | 6.8 | 7.2 | 8.0 | +10.8 |
| Nova Scotia | 34.7 | 36.1 | 35.6 | -1.3 |
| New Brunswick | 28.0 | 28.7 | 30.2 | +5.4 |
| Quebec | 203.2 | 217.4 | 268.4 | +23.5 |
| Ontario | 465.6 | 508.3 | 635.5 | +25.0 |
| Manitoba | 34.3 | 36.7 | 44.7 | +21.8 |
| Saskatchewan | 28.4 | 30.3 | 35.5 | +16.9 |
| Alberta | 147.5 | 156.4 | 196.7 | +25.8 |
| British Columbia | 146.8 | 162.1 | 178.3 | +10.0 |
| Yukon2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.3 | +29.1 |
| Northwest Territories2 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.3 | -11.2 |
| Nunavut2 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.3 | -36.5 |
| Men | 578.3 | 657.5 | 812.1 | +23.5 |
| Women | 488.8 | 551.6 | 648.3 | +17.5 |
| 15 to 24 years | 286.1 | 334.2 | 420.7 | +25.9 |
| 25 to 54 years | 575.8 | 667.5 | 806.9 | +20.9 |
| 55 years and older | 205.2 | 207.4 | 232.9 | +12.3 |
| Less than high school3 | 175.0 | 195.5 | 221.8 | +13.5 |
| High school diploma4 | 319.5 | 353.3R | 427.1 | +20.9 |
| Post-secondary certificate or diploma5 | 299.9 | 331.8 | 382.4 | +15.2 |
| University degree6 | 273.7 | 331.7 | 423.8 | +27.7 |
| Goods-producing industries7 | 170.9 | 192.3 | 208.2 | +8.3 |
| Agriculture | 10.5 | 8.3 | 12.4 | +49.8 |
| Forestry, fishing, mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction | 20.7 | 25.9 | 21.1 | -18.7 |
| Utilities | 3.0 | 2.1 | 2.7 | +29.2 |
| Construction | 79.8 | 90.1 | 99.4 | +10.4 |
| Manufacturing | 57.4 | 66.3 | 73.0 | +10.0 |
| Services-producing industries7 | 455.9 | 557.1 | 629.2 | +12.9 |
| Wholesale and retail trade | 100.4 | 115.4 | 128.7 | +11.5 |
| Transportation and warehousing | 26.5 | 36.0 | 40.8 | +13.4 |
| Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 20.1 | 27.8 | 32.0 | +14.8 |
| Professional, scientific and technical services | 42.7 | 63.7 | 75.3 | +18.1 |
| Business, building and other support services8 | 37.1 | 46.2 | 49.2 | +6.6 |
| Educational services | 53.0 | 50.3 | 59.9 | +18.9 |
| Health care and social assistance | 42.2 | 48.2 | 49.3 | +2.3 |
| Information, culture and recreation9 | 42.1 | 54.1 | 65.9 | +21.9 |
| Accommodation and food services | 55.7 | 71.0 | 75.1 | +5.8 |
| Other services (except public administration) | 17.8 | 26.3 | 31.3 | +18.9 |
| Public administration | 18.4 | 18.1 | 22.0 | +21.3 |
| Unclassified industries10 | 441.3 | 462.9 | 617.6 | +33.4 |
| Reasons for unemployment: People who have left their job | 208.1 | 228.5 | 243.5 | +6.6 |
| Reasons for unemployment: People who have lost their job | 418.7 | 520.9 | 593.9 | +14.0 |
| Reasons for unemployment: People who have not worked in the last year or who have never worked | 441.3 | 292.8 | 379.7 | +29.7 |
| Duration of unemployment11: 1 to 4 weeks | 393.3 | 423.5 | 446.7 | +5.5 |
| Duration of unemployment11 : 5 to 13 weeks | 290.4 | 341.4 | 400.0 | +17.2 |
| Duration of unemployment11 : 14 to 26 weeks | 151.1 | 195.7 | 255.6 | +30.6 |
| Duration of unemployment11 : 27 weeks or more | 173.0 | 191.7 | 299.7 | +56.4 |
| Duration of unemployment11 : 52 weeks or more | 101.8 | 96.5 | 159.3 | +65.0 |
| Duration of unemployment11 : Duration unknown12 | 59.2 | 56.9R | 58.3 | +2.5 |
| Canada | 1,067.1 | 1,209.1 | 1,460.4 | +20.8 |
- Note: Monthly data that are confidential under the Statistics Act are excluded from the calculation of the fiscal year average.
- 1 Data specific to territories are not included in the official total for Canada. Data in other categories (i.e. data by gender, age, educational attainment, industry, reason for unemployment and duration of unemployment) also excludes territorial data.
- 2 Figures for the territories are calculated based on 3-month moving averages using seasonally adjusted monthly data produced by Statistics Canada.
- 3 Includes 0 to 8 years of education and some high school.
- 4 Includes high school graduates and some post-secondary education (not completed).
- 5 Includes certificates (including trade certificates) or diplomas from an educational institution beyond the secondary level, which comprise certificates from a vocational school, apprenticeship training, community college, collège d'enseignement général et professionnel (cégep) and school of nursing. Also included are certificates below a bachelor's degree obtained at a university.
- 6 Includes at least a university bachelor's degree.
- 7 Information is provided for the last job held, providing the person worked within the previous 12 months.
- 8 This industry sector comprises the industries with codes 55 (Management of companies and enterprises) and 56 (Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services) from the North American Industry Classification System.
- 9 This industry sector comprises the industries with codes 51 (Information and cultural industries) and 71 (Arts, entertainment and recreation) from the North American Industry Classification System.
- 10 People who last worked more than 1 year ago or who have never worked before are not classified as belonging to any industry.
- 11 Duration of unemployment is the number of continuous weeks during which a person has been without work and is looking for work, or is on temporary layoff.
- 12 Duration of unemployment is not reported for unemployed people who reported having a job to start in the next 4 weeks under the Labour Force Survey.
- R Revised data.
- Sources: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, Tables 14-10-0019-01, unadjusted (for data by educational attainment); 14-10-0022-01, seasonally adjusted (for data by industry); 14-10-0342-01, seasonally adjusted (for data by duration of unemployment); 14-10-0125-01, unadjusted (for data by reason for unemployment); 14-10-0287-01, seasonally adjusted (for data specific to provinces, by gender and age); and 14-10-0292-01, seasonally adjusted (for data specific to territories).
Annex 1.5: Unemployment rate by province or territory, gender, age, educational attainment, and industry (%)
| Category1 | 2022‑23 | 2023‑24 | 2024‑25 | Change (% points) 2023‑24 to 2024‑25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newfoundland and Labrador | 10.5 | 9.7 | 10.1 | +0.4 |
| Prince Edward Island | 7.1 | 7.4 | 7.9 | +0.6 |
| Nova Scotia | 6.3 | 6.6 | 6.4 | -0.2 |
| New Brunswick | 6.9 | 6.8 | 7.0 | +0.2 |
| Quebec | 4.2 | 4.6 | 5.5 | +1.0 |
| Ontario | 5.3 | 5.9 | 7.2 | +1.3 |
| Manitoba | 4.5 | 4.9 | 5.8 | +0.9 |
| Saskatchewan | 4.5 | 4.9 | 5.5 | +0.6 |
| Alberta | 5.6 | 6.0 | 7.2 | +1.2 |
| British Columbia | 4.6 | 5.3 | 5.7 | +0.4 |
| Yukon2 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 4.5 | +0.8 |
| Northwest Territories2 | 5.4 | 6.0 | 5.4 | -0.6 |
| Nunavut2 | 12.8 | 12.7 | 8.3 | -4.4 |
| Men | 5.2 | 5.8 | 6.9 | +1.1 |
| Women | 4.9 | 5.4 | 6.2 | +0.8 |
| 15 to 24 years | 9.8 | 11.1 | 13.5 | +2.4 |
| 25 to 54 years | 4.2 | 4.7 | 5.5 | +0.8 |
| 55 years and older | 4.6 | 4.5 | 5.1 | +0.5 |
| Less than high school3 | 10.6 | 11.9 | 13.7 | +1.9 |
| High school diploma4 | 6.6 | 7.2 | 8.6 | +1.5 |
| Post-secondary certificate or diploma5 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 5.1 | +0.7 |
| University degree6 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 4.7 | +0.8 |
| Goods-producing industries | 4.0 | 4.4 | 4.7 | +0.3 |
| Agriculture | 3.8 | 3.2 | 5.1 | +1.9 |
| Forestry, fishing, mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction | 6.0 | 7.2 | 5.6 | -1.5 |
| Utilities | 1.9 | 1.3 | 1.8 | +0.5 |
| Construction | 4.8 | 5.3 | 5.8 | +0.5 |
| Manufacturing | 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.8 | +0.3 |
| Services-producing industries | 2.8 | 3.3 | 3.6 | +0.3 |
| Wholesale and retail trade | 3.3 | 3.7 | 4.2 | +0.5 |
| Transportation and warehousing | 2.6 | 3.3 | 3.6 | +0.3 |
| Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 1.4 | 2.0 | 2.2 | +0.2 |
| Professional, scientific and technical services | 2.3 | 3.2 | 3,6 | +0.4 |
| Business, building and other support services7 | 5.1 | 6.3 | 6.4 | +0.2 |
| Educational services | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.7 | +0.5 |
| Health care and social assistance | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 0.0 |
| Information, culture and recreation8 | 4.9 | 6.0 | 7.2 | +1.2 |
| Accommodation and food services | 4.9 | 5.9 | 6.1 | +0.2 |
| Other services (except public administration) | 2.4 | 3.3 | 3.8 | +0.5 |
| Public administration | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.8 | +0.3 |
| Canada | 5.3 | 5.6 | 6.6 | +1.0 |
- Note: Monthly data that are confidential under the Statistics Act are excluded from the calculation of the annual average.
- 1 Data specific to territories are not included in the official total for Canada. Data in other categories (i.e. data by gender, age, educational attainment and industry) also excludes territorial data.
- 2 Figures for the territories are calculated based on 3-month moving averages using seasonally adjusted monthly data produced by Statistics Canada.
- 3 Includes 0 to 8 years of education and some high school.
- 4 Includes high school graduates and some post-secondary education (not completed).
- 5 Includes certificates (including trade certificates) or diplomas from an educational institution beyond the secondary level, which comprise certificates from a vocational school, apprenticeship training, community college, collège d'enseignement général et professionnel (cégep) and school of nursing. Also included are certificates below a bachelor's degree obtained at a university.
- 6 Includes at least a university bachelor's degree.
- 7 This industry sector comprises the industries with codes 55 (Management of companies and enterprises) and 56 (Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services) from the North American Industry Classification System.
- 8 This industry sector comprises the industries with codes 51 (Information and cultural industries) and 71 (Arts, entertainment and recreation) from the North American Industry Classification System.
- R Revised data.
- Sources: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, Tables 14-10-0019-01, unadjusted (for data by educational attainment); 14-10-0022-01, unadjusted (for data by industry); 14-10-0287-01, seasonally adjusted (for data specific to provinces, by gender, age and employment type); and 14-10-0292-01, seasonally adjusted (for data specific to territories).
Annex 1.6: Average duration of unemployment (weeks) by province, gender and age
| Category3 | 2022‑23R | 2023‑24R | 2024‑25 | Change (%) 2023‑24 to 2024‑25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newfoundland and Labrador | 18.8R | 17.7R | 19.7 | +11.3 |
| Prince Edward Island | 19.8R | 14.1R | 14.1 | -0.1 |
| Nova Scotia | 20.1R | 19.8R | 18.2 | -8.2 |
| New Brunswick | 17.1R | 15.4R | 16.7 | +8.4 |
| Quebec | 17.8 R | 14.5R | 16.6 | +14.6 |
| Ontario | 18.9 R | 18.2R | 21.9 | +20.0 |
| Manitoba | 18.3 R | 19.0R | 19.1 | +0.4 |
| Saskatchewan | 20.0 R | 16.5R | 24.2 | +46.4 |
| Alberta | 20.5R | 20.5 R | 21.6 | +5.4 |
| British Columbia | 17.0R | 17.7R | 18.9 | +7.3 |
| Men | 19.3R | 17.9R | 21.0 | +17.4 |
| Women | 17.7R | 17.3R | 19.4 | +12.2 |
| 15 to 24 years old | 10.0R | 11.6 | 14.8 | +27.8 |
| 25 to 54 years old | 19.6R | 18.5R | 21.5 | +16.5 |
| 55 years old and over | 27.8R | 24.6R | 25.9 | +5.2 |
| Canada | 18.5R | 17.5R | 20.3 | +15.9 |
- 1 Duration of unemployment is the number of continuous weeks during which a person has been without work and is looking for work, or is on temporary layoff.
- 2 Average weeks of unemployment is calculated with no upper limit to length of unemployment.
- 3 Data specific to territories are not included in the official total for Canada. Data in other categories (i.e. data by gender and age) also excludes territorial data.
- R Revised data.
- Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, Table 14-10-0342-01, seasonally adjusted data.
Annex 1.7: Job vacancies by province or territory, industry, job type, job permanency and vacancy duration
| Category | Last 2 quarters of 2022‑23R | Last 2 quarters of 2023‑24R | Last 2 quarters of 2024‑25 | Change (%) Last 2 quarters of 2023‑24 to 2024‑25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newfoundland and Labrador | 6,858R | 6,488R | 5,193 | -19.6 |
| Prince Edward Island | 3,458R | 2,451R | 2,281 | -6.9 |
| Nova Scotia | 20,321R | 15,345R | 13,806 | -10.0 |
| New Brunswick | 13,691R | 11,143R | 9,122 | -18.1 |
| Quebec | 208,743R | 151,403R | 122,872 | -18.8 |
| Ontario | 308,886R | 224,883R | 181,338 | -19.4 |
| Manitoba | 26,886R | 23,361R | 19,961 | -14.6 |
| Saskatchewan | 24,724R | 21,472R | 17,191 | -19.9 |
| Alberta | 95,663R | 80,484R | 66,175 | -17.8 |
| British Columbia | 134,343R | 109,004R | 89,217 | -18.2 |
| Yukon | 1,393R | 1,025R | 748 | -27.0 |
| Northwest Territories | 1,481R | 1,251R | 954 | -23.7 |
| Nunavut | 605R | 665R | 629 | -5.5 |
| Goods-producing industries | 163,788R | 116,855R | 93,520 | -20.0 |
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting | 12,450R | 9,720R | 8,468 | -12.9 |
| Mining and quarrying, and oil and gas extraction | 8,690R | 6,558R | 5,183 | -21.0 |
| Utilities | 2,955R | 3,060R | 2,390 | -21.9 |
| Construction | 71,815R | 54,900R | 41,755 | -23.9 |
| Manufacturing | 67,878R | 42,618R | 35,725 | -16.2 |
| Services-producing industries | 689,538R | 539,183R | 441,163 | -18.2 |
| Wholesale and retail trade | 125,128R | 86,918R | 69,428 | -20.1 |
| Transportation and warehousing | 44,098R | 37,705R | 27,233 | -27.8 |
| Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 45,023R | 30,223R | 26,425 | -12.6 |
| Professional, scientific and technical services | 54,585R | 42,668R | 37,525 | -12.1 |
| Business, building and other support services1 | 52,890R | 39,558R | 29,958 | -24.3 |
| Educational services | 25,018R | 23,680R | 20,303 | -14.3 |
| Health care and social assistance | 145,730R | 136,358R | 115,005 | -15.7 |
| Information, culture and recreation2 | 29,883R | 19,133R | 15,415 | -19.4 |
| Accommodation and food services | 114,968R | 77,580R | 61,198 | -21.1 |
| Other services (except public administration) | 36,913R | 30,790R | 24,598 | -20.1 |
| Public administration | 15,305R | 14,573R | 14,078 | -3.4 |
| Job vacancy type: Full-time positions3 | 635,843R | 486,978R | 403,123 | -17.2 |
| Job vacancy type: Part-time positions4 | 217,480R | 169,058R | 131,570 | -22.2 |
| Job permanency: Permanent positions5 | 714,363R | 533,348R | 438,298 | -17.8 |
| Job permanency: Temporary positions6 | 138,960R | 122,688R | 96,393 | -21.4 |
| Job vacancy duration: Less than 15 days | 141,573R | 136,313R | 116,833 | -14.3 |
| Job vacancy duration: 15 to 29 days | 132,510R | 103,933R | 91,900 | -11.6 |
| Job vacancy duration: 30 to 59 days | 140,808R | 106,285R | 86,845 | -18.3 |
| Job vacancy duration: 60 to 89 days | 90,070R | 57,393R | 47,483 | -17.3 |
| Job vacancy duration: 90 days or more | 818,608R | 624,060R | 503,870 | -19.3 |
| Canada | 847,178R | 648,948R | 529,523 | -18.4 |
- 1 This industry sector comprises the industries with codes 55 (Management of companies and enterprises) and 56 (Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services) from the North American Industry Classification System.
- 2 This industry sector comprises the industries with codes 51 (Information and cultural industries) and 71 (Arts, entertainment and recreation) from the North American Industry Classification System.
- 3 A full-time vacant position consists of position which requires 30 or more hours of work per week.
- 4 A part-time vacant position consists of position which requires less than 30 hours of work per week.
- 5 A permanent position consists of a position which is expected to last as long as the employee wants it, given that business conditions permit. That is, there is no pre-determined termination date.
- 6 A temporary position consists of a position which has a predetermined end date, or will end as soon as a specified project is completed.
- 7 A seasonal position is a temporary position which is linked to a recurring event (e.g., public holidays) or time of the year (e.g., summertime).
- R Revised data.
- Sources: Statistics Canada, Job vacancies, payroll employees, and job vacancy rate, Table 14-10-0432-01, seasonally adjusted (for data by province or territory); 14-10-0400-01, seasonally adjusted (for data by industry); 14-10-0399-01, seasonally adjusted (for data by job vacancy occupation, type of work and position); and 14-10-0443-01, unadjusted (for data by job vacancy duration).
Annex 1.8: Job vacancy rates by province or territory and industry (%)
| Category | Last 2 quarters of 2022‑23R |
Last 2 quarters of 2023‑24R |
Last 2 quarters of 2024‑25 |
Change (% points) Last 2 quarters of 2023‑24 to 2024‑25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newfoundland and Labrador | 3.4R | 2.8R | 2.4 | -0.5 |
| Prince Edward Island | 4.7R | 3.2R | 2.7 | -1.5 |
| Nova Scotia | 4.2R | 3.3 | 3.0 | -0.9 |
| New Brunswick | 4.1R | 3.1R | 2.6 | -1.0 |
| Quebec | 4.9R | 3.5R | 2.9 | -1.4 |
| Ontario | 4.1R | 3.0R | 2.6 | -1.1 |
| Manitoba | 4.2R | 3.5R | 3.0 | -0.7 |
| Saskatchewan | 4.8R | 3.9R | 3.2 | -0.9 |
| Alberta | 4.4R | 3.5R | 3.0 | -0.9 |
| British Columbia | 5.0R | 4.0R | 3.3 | -0.9 |
| Yukon | 6.1R | 4.9R | 3.8 | -1.2 |
| Northwest Territories | 5.8R | 5.9R | 3.7 | +0.2 |
| Nunavut | 3.8R | 3.8R | 3.8 | 0.0 |
| Goods-producing industries | 4.2 | 3.2 | 2.6 | -0.6 |
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting | 4.9R | 3.9 | 3.4 | -0.5 |
| Mining and quarrying, and oil and gas extraction | 4.0 | 3.0 | 2.4 | -0.7 |
| Utilities | 2.2R | 2.2 | 1.8 | -0.5 |
| Construction | 5.9 | 4.5 | 3.4 | -1.1 |
| Manufacturing | 4.2 | 2.7 | 2.3 | -0.4 |
| Services-producing industries | 4.6R | 3.6R | 2.9 | -0.7 |
| Wholesale and retail trade | 4.2 | 3.0 | 2.4 | -0.6 |
| Transportation and warehousing | 5.1 | 4.3 | 3.1 | -1.2 |
| Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 3.9 | 2.6 | 2.3 | -0.3 |
| Professional, scientific and technical services | 4.4 | 3.4 | 3.0 | -0.4 |
| Business, building and other support services1 | 5.2R | 4.0 | 3.1 | -0.9 |
| Educational services | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.4 | -0.3 |
| Health care and social assistance | 6.1 | 5.5R | 4.5 | -1.0 |
| Information, culture and recreation2 | 2.6 | 1.6 | 1.3 | -0.3 |
| Accommodation and food services | 8.2R | 5.6R | 4.5 | -1.1 |
| Other services (except public administration) | 6.3R | 5.1R | 4.1 | -1.0 |
| Public administration | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.4 | -0.1 |
| Canada | 4.4 | 3.4R | 2.9 | -0.5 |
- 1 This industry sector comprises the industries with codes 55 (Management of companies and enterprises) and 56 (Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services) from the North American Industry Classification System.
- 2 This industry sector comprises the industries with codes 51 (Information and cultural industries) and 71 (Arts, entertainment and recreation) from the North American Industry Classification System.
- R Revised data.
- Source: Statistics Canada, Job vacancies, payroll employees, and job vacancy rate, Tables 14-10-0432-01, seasonally adjusted (for data by province or territory); and 14-10-0400-01, seasonally adjusted (for data by industry).
Annex 1.9: Average hourly wage rate by province, gender, age and industry (current dollars)
| Category | 2022‑23 | 2023‑24 | 2024‑25 | Change (%) 2023‑24 to 2024‑25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newfoundland and Labrador | 32.4 | 34.0 | 35.5 | +4.5 |
| Prince Edward Island | 29.8 | 31.4 | 32.8 | +4.6 |
| Nova Scotia | 27.2 | 28.2 | 29.7 | +5.4 |
| New Brunswick | 27.8 | 29.3 | 31.3 | +6.8 |
| Quebec | 27.7 | 29.2 | 30.5 | +4.6 |
| Ontario | 31.4 | 32.7 | 34.1 | +4.4 |
| Manitoba | 33.4 | 35.1 | 36.8 | +4.8 |
| Saskatchewan | 28.5 | 29.6 | 30.8 | +4.1 |
| Alberta | 30.7 | 31.8 | 32.9 | +3.3 |
| British Columbia | 33.9 | 35.3 | 36.6 | +3.7 |
| Men | 34.6 | 36.2 | 37.9 | +4.5 |
| Women | 30.0 | 31.6 | 33.0 | +4.4 |
| 15 to 24 years | 19.4 | 20.3 | 21.5 | +5.4 |
| 25 to 54 years | 35.0 | 36.7 | 38.1 | +3.9 |
| 55 years and older | 33.4 | 35.0 | 37.0 | +5.7 |
| Goods-producing industries | 33.9 | 35.9 | 37.3 | +3.9 |
| Agriculture | 22.0 | 23.9 | 25.7 | +7.4 |
| Forestry, fishing, mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction | 45.0 | 47.4 | 50.9 | +7.4 |
| Utilities | 48.3 | 49.8 | 54.3 | +9.1 |
| Construction | 34.2 | 35.9 | 36.9 | +2.7 |
| Manufacturing | 31.5 | 33.5 | 34.5 | +3.0 |
| Services-producing industries | 32.0 | 33.5 | 35.1 | +4.7 |
| Wholesale and retail trade | 25.0 | 26.3 | 27.2 | +3.4 |
| Transportation and warehousing | 30.8 | 32.4 | 33.8 | +4.2 |
| Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 39.3 | 41.5 | 43.0 | +3.6 |
| Professional, scientific and technical services | 42.5 | 44.9 | 47.8 | +6.5 |
| Business, building and other support services4 | 25.2 | 26.2 | 27.4 | +4.8 |
| Educational services | 37.9 | 39.0 | 40.8 | +4.6 |
| Health care and social assistance | 31.0 | 32.4 | 33.8 | +4.3 |
| Information, culture and recreation5 | 31.1 | 31.4 | 33.0 | +5.1 |
| Accommodation and food services | 18.9 | 20.0 | 20.7 | +3.3 |
| Other services (except public administration) | 27.7 | 29.2 | 30.7 | +5.0 |
| Public administration | 41.1 | 43.1 | 45.1 | +4.5 |
| Canada | 32.4 | 34.0 | 35.5 | +4.5 |
- 1 Hourly wage rate includes wage/salary before taxes and other deductions, and includes tips, commissions and bonuses for the main job.
- 2 Annual average hourly wage rate is calculated as the average of the monthly data.
- 3 Data specific to territories are not included in the official total for Canada. Data in other categories (i.e. data by industry, gender and age) also excludes territorial data.
- 4 This industry sector comprises the industries with codes 55 (Management of companies and enterprises) and 56 (Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services) from the North American Industry Classification System.
- 5 This industry sector comprises the industries with codes 51 (Information and cultural industries) and 71 (Arts, entertainment and recreation) from the North American Industry Classification System.
- Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, Table 14-10-0063-01, unadjusted data.