ARCHIVED – Immigrant income and the family
Appendix
| Country | Agreement |
|---|---|
| Antigua and Barbuda | Agreement on Social Security between Canada and Antigua and Barbuda, signed at Ottawa on September 2, 1992 |
| Australia |
Reciprocal Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of Australia, signed at Canberra on July 4, 1988 Protocol amending the Reciprocal Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of Australia, signed at Ottawa, on October 11, 1990 |
| Austria (Republic of) |
Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Republic of Austria, signed at Vienna on February 24, 1987 Supplementary Agreement to the Agreement on Social Security between Canada and the Republic of Austria, signed at Vienna on September 12, 1995 |
| Barbados | Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of Barbados, signed at Bridgetown on February 11, 1985 |
| Belgium | Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of Belgium, signed at Brussels on May 10, 1984 |
| Chile (Republic of) | Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Republic of Chile, signed on November 18, 1996 |
| Croatia (Republic of) | Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Republic of Croatia, signed on April 22, 1998 |
| Cyprus (Republic of) | Agreement on Social Security between Canada and the Republic of Cyprus, signed at Ottawa on January 24, 1990 |
| Denmark | Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of Denmark, signed at Copenhagen on April 12, 1985 |
| Dominica (Commonwealth of) | Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Commonwealth of Dominica, signed at Roseau on January 14, 1988 |
| Finland (Republic of) |
Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Republic of Finland, signed at Ottawa on October 28, 1986 |
| France | Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of France, signed at Ottawa on February 9, 1979 |
| Germany (Federal Republic of) | Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany, signed at Bonn on November 14, 1985 |
| Greece (Hellenic Republic) | Agreement on Social Security between Canada and the Hellenic Republic, signed at Toronto on November 10, 1995 |
| Grenada | Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of Grenada, signed on January 8, 1998 |
| Guernsey | Agreement on Social Security between Jersey, Guernsey and Canada, in force in Canada as of January 1, 1994 |
| Iceland | Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of Iceland, signed at Gimli on June 25, 1988 |
| Ireland | Agreement on Social Security between Canada and Ireland, signed at Ottawa on November 29, 1990 |
| Israel | Interim Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of Israel, signed at Jerusalem on April 9, 2000 |
| Italy (Italian Republic) |
Agreement on Social Security between Canada and Italy, signed at Toronto on November 17, 1977 Agreement on Social Security between Canada and the Italian Republic, signed at Rome on May 22, 1995 |
| Jamaica |
Agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of Jamaica with respect to Social Security, signed at Kingston, Jamaica on January 10, 1983 |
| Jersey | Agreement on Social Security between Jersey, Guernsey and Canada, in force in Canada as of January 1, 1994 |
| Korea (Republic of) | Agreement on Social Security between Canada and the Republic of Korea, signed at Seoul on January 10, 1997 |
| Luxembourg | Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of Luxembourg, signed at Ottawa on May 22, 1986 |
| Malta (Republic of) | Agreement on Social Security between Canada and the Republic of Malta, signed at Toronto on April 4, 1991 |
| Mexico (United Mexican States) | Agreement on Social Security between Canada and the United Mexican States, signed at Ottawa on April 25, 1995 |
| Morocco (Kingdom of) |
Convention on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Kingdom of Morocco, signed on July 1, 1998 |
| Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, signed at The Hague on February 26, 1987 |
| New Zealand | Agreement on Social Security between Canada and New Zealand, signed on April 9, 1996 |
| Norway (Kingdom of) |
Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Kingdom of Norway, signed at Oslo on November 12, 1985 |
| Philippines (Republic of the) | Agreement on Social Security between Canada and the Republic of the Philippines, signed at Winnipeg on September 9, 1994 Supplementary Agreement to the Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Republic of the Philippines, signed at Winnipeg on November 13, 1999 |
| Portugal | Agreement between Canada and Portugal with respect to Social Security, signed at Toronto on December 15, 1980 |
| Saint Lucia |
Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of Saint Lucia, signed at Castries on January 5, 1987 |
| Saint-Vincent and the Grenadines | Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of Saint-Vincent and the Grenadines, signed on January 6, 1998 |
| Slovenia (Republic of) |
Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Republic of Slovenia, signed on May 17, 1998 |
| Spain | Protocol to the Convention on Social Security between Canada and Spain, signed at Ottawa on October 19, 1995 |
| St. Kitts and Nevis (Federation of) | Agreement on Social Security between Canada and the Federation of St. Kitts and Nevis, signed at Ottawa on August 17, 1992 |
| Sweden |
Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of Sweden, signed at Stockholm on April 10, 1985 |
| Switzerland (Swiss Confederation) | Convention on Social Security between Canada and the Swiss Confederation, signed at Ottawa on February 24, 1994 |
| Trinidad and Tobago (Republic of) | Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, signed on April 9, 1997 |
| Turkey (Republic of) |
Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Republic of Turkey, signed on June 19, 1998 |
| United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland concerning Co-operation and Mutual Assistance in the Administration of Social Security Programmes, signed on January 16, 1997 |
| United States of America |
Agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States of America with respect to Social Security, signed at Ottawa on March 11, 1981 Supplementary Agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States of America with respect to Social Security, signed at Ottawa on May 10, 1983 Second Supplementary Agreement amending the Agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States of America with respect to Social Security, signed on May 28, 1996 Administrative Understanding on Mutual Assistance, concluded pursuant to the Agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States of America with respect to Social Security and signed on December 4, 1996 |
| Uruguay (Eastern Republic of) | Agreement on Social Security between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Eastern Republic of Uruguay, signed at Ottawa on June 2, 1999 |
| Non-Immigrant Population (%) |
Immigrant Population (%) |
|
|---|---|---|
| 1982 | 98.8 | 1.2 |
| 1983 | 98.6 | 1.4 |
| 1984 | 98.3 | 1.7 |
| 1985 | 98.1 | 1.9 |
| 1986 | 97.7 | 2.3 |
| 1987 | 97.3 | 2.7 |
| 1988 | 97.0 | 3.0 |
| 1989 | 96.4 | 3.6 |
| 1990 | 95.6 | 4.4 |
| 1991 | 95.0 | 5.0 |
| 1992 | 94.5 | 5.5 |
| 1993 | 93.9 | 6.1 |
| 1994 | 93.4 | 6.6 |
| 1995 | 93.0 | 7.0 |
| 1996 | 92.5 | 7.5 |
| 1997 | 92.0 | 8.0 |
| 1998 | 91.7 | 8.3 |
| 1999 | 91.3 | 8.7 |
| 2000 | 90.7 | 9.3 |
| 2001 | 90.1 | 9.9 |
| 2002 | 89.7 | 10.3 |
| 2003 | 89.3 | 10.7 |
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
Figure A1: Category Composition of the Immigrant Population in the IMDB, 1982-2003
Source: IMDB
Figure A2: Age Composition of the Non-Immigrant Population in LAD, 1982-2003
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
Figure A3: Provincial Composition of the Immigrant Population in LAD, 1982-2003
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
Figure A4: Provincial Composition of the Non-Immigrant Population in LAD, 1982-2003
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
Figure A5: Composition of the Non-Immigrant Population in LAD by Family Type of the Individual, 1982-2003
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
Figure A6: Composition of the Non-Immigrant Population in LAD by Number of Children in Family, 1982-2003
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
Figure A7: Composition of the Immigrant Population in LAD by Age of Youngest Child, 1982-2003
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
Figure A8: Composition of the Non-Immigrant Population in LAD by Age of Youngest Child, 1982-2003
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
| 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2003 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IMMIGRANTS - Labour Market/Retirement Income Split | |||||
| <25 years | 100/ 0 | 100/ 0 | 100/ 0 | 100/ 0 | 100/ 0 |
| 25-34 years | 100/ 0 | 100/ 0 | 99/ 1 | 100/ 0 | 99/ 1 |
| 35-44 years | 100/ 0 | 100/ 0 | 99/ 1 | 99/ 1 | 99/ 1 |
| 45-59 years | 99/ 1 | 99/ 1 | 98/ 2 | 99/ 1 | 98/ 2 |
| >= 60 years | 69/ 31 | 70/ 30 | 49/ 51 | 46/ 54 | 45/ 55 |
| All Immigrants | 99/ 1 | 99/ 1 | 97/ 3 | 96/ 4 | 96/ 4 |
| NON-IMMIGRANTS - Labour Market/Retirement Income Split | |||||
| <25 years | 100/ 0 | 100/ 0 | 100/ 0 | 100/ 0 | 100/ 0 |
| 25-34 years | 100/ 0 | 100/ 0 | 99/ 1 | 100/ 0 | 99/ 1 |
| 35-44 years | 99/ 1 | 99/ 1 | 99/ 1 | 99/ 1 | 99/ 1 |
| 45-59 years | 96/ 4 | 95/ 5 | 94/ 6 | 94/ 6 | 94/ 6 |
| >= 60 years | 56/ 44 | 66/ 34 | 76/ 24 | 75/ 25 | 73/ 27 |
| All non-Immigrants | 92/ 18 | 89/ 11 | 84/ 16 | 84/ 16 | 83/ 17 |
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
| SHARE OF POPULATION | SHARE OF INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTORS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Individual is a Contributor (%) | Individual Sole-Contributor (%) | Additional Contributors (%) | Total | |
| Immigrants | ||||
| Male, Married | 73 | 26 | 74 | 100 |
| Female, Married | 63 | 17 | 83 | 100 |
| Child | 76 | 14 | 86 | 100 |
| Lone-Parent | 64 | 81 | 19 | 100 |
| Unattached | 74 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
| Non-immigrants | ||||
| Male, Married | 83 | 17 | 83 | 100 |
| Female, Married | 76 | 13 | 87 | 100 |
| Child | 85 | 13 | 87 | 100 |
| Lone-Parent | 71 | 76 | 24 | 100 |
| Unattached | 77 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
| SHARE OF POPULATION | SHARE OF INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTORS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Individual is a Contributor (%) | Individual Sole-Contributor (%) | Additional Contributors (%) | Total | |
| Immigrants | ||||
| Male, Married | 24 | 38 | 63 | 100 |
| Female, Married | 13 | 38 | 62 | 100 |
| Child | — | — | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 13 | 31 | 69 | 100 |
| Unattached | 9 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
| Non-immigrants | ||||
| Male, Married | 22 | 41 | 59 | 100 |
| Female, Married | 16 | 44 | 56 | 100 |
| Child | — | — | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 12 | 25 | 75 | 100 |
| Unattached | 10 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
| SHARE OF POPULATION | SHARE OF INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTORS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Individual is a Contributor (%) | Individual Sole-Contributor (%) | Additional Contributors (%) | Total | |
| Immigrants | ||||
| Male, Married | 17 | 59 | 41 | 100 |
| Female, Married | 13 | 31 | 69 | 100 |
| Child | — | — | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 36 | 89 | 11 | 100 |
| Unattached | 33 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
| Non-immigrants | ||||
| Male, Married | 3 | 67 | 33 | 100 |
| Female, Married | 2 | 50 | 50 | 100 |
| Child | — | — | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 10 | 80 | 20 | 100 |
| Unattached | 9 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
| SHARE OF POPULATION | SHARE OF INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTORS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Individual is a Contributor (%) | Individual Sole-Contributor (%) | Additional Contributors (%) | Total | |
| Immigrants | ||||
| Male, Married | 31 | 55 | 45 | 100 |
| Female, Married | 27 | 22 | 78 | 100 |
| Child | — | — | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 27 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
| Unattached | 26 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
| Non-immigrants | ||||
| Male, Married | 87 | 36 | 64 | 100 |
| Female, Married | 78 | 8 | 92 | 100 |
| Child | — | — | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 84 | 90 | 10 | 100 |
| Unattached | 87 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
| SHARE OF POPULATION | SHARE OF INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTORS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Individual is a Contributor (%) | Individual Sole-Contributor (%) | Additional Contributors (%) | Total | |
| Immigrants | ||||
| Male, Married | 14 | 57 | 43 | 100 |
| Female, Married | 10 | 20 | 80 | 100 |
| Child | — | — | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 9 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
| Unattached | 12 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
| Non-immigrants | ||||
| Male, Married | 63 | 56 | 44 | 100 |
| Female, Married | 42 | 17 | 83 | 100 |
| Child | — | — | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 46 | 96 | 4 | 100 |
| Unattached | 51 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
| SHARE OF POPULATION | SHARE OF INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTORS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Individual is a Contributor (%) | Individual Sole-Contributor (%) | Additional Contributors (%) | Total | |
| Immigrants | ||||
| Male, Married | 64 | 33 | 67 | 100 |
| Female, Married | 66 | 8 | 92 | 100 |
| Child | — | — | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 75 | 99 | 1 | 100 |
| Unattached | 81 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
| Non-immigrants | ||||
| Male, Married | 70 | 30 | 70 | 100 |
| Female, Married | 68 | 6 | 94 | 100 |
| Child | — | — | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 80 | 96 | 4 | 100 |
| Unattached | 83 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
| SHARE OF POPULATION | SHARE OF INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTORS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Individual is a Contributor (%) | Individual Sole-Contributor (%) | Additional Contributors (%) | Total | |
| Immigrants | ||||
| Male, Married | 53 | 19 | 81 | 100 |
| Female, Married | 65 | 6 | 94 | 100 |
| Child | — | — | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 72 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
| Unattached | 76 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
| Non-immigrants | ||||
| Male, Married | 19 | 21 | 79 | 100 |
| Female, Married | 22 | 9 | 91 | 100 |
| Child | — | — | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 50 | 98 | 2 | 100 |
| Unattached | 45 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
| Non-Immigrants | Immigrants | |
|---|---|---|
| Average Employment Earnings | ||
| Male, Married | 54,793 | 39,389 |
| Female, Married | 30,703 | 23,755 |
| Child | 15,294 | 14,627 |
| Lone-Parent | 29,484 | 24,955 |
| Unattached | 32,964 | 26,470 |
| Share of Family Employment Earnings (%) | ||
| Male, Married | 67 | 69 |
| Female, Married | 46 | 49 |
| Child | 30 | 36 |
| Lone-Parent | 93 | 94 |
| Unattached | 100 | 100 |
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
| Non-Immigrants | Immigrants | |
|---|---|---|
| Average Employment Earnings | ||
| Male, Married | 43,681 | 28,314 |
| Female, Married | 21,831 | 17,905 |
| Child | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 28,442 | 22,898 |
| Unattached | 26,643 | 19,327 |
| Share of Family Employment Earnings (%) | ||
| Male, Married | 71 | 67 |
| Female, Married | 67 | 62 |
| Child | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 60 | 58 |
| Unattached | 100 | 100 |
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
| Non-Immigrants | Immigrants | |
|---|---|---|
| Average Provincial Supplements | ||
| Male, Married | 3,084 | 4,849 |
| Female, Married | 2,386 | 2,242 |
| Child | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 3,054 | 3,759 |
| Unattached | 3,026 | 3,090 |
| Share of Family Provincial Supplements (%) | ||
| Male, Married | 84 | 79 |
| Female, Married | 72 | 62 |
| Child | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 85 | 93 |
| Unattached | 100 | 100 |
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
| Non-Immigrants | Immigrants | |
|---|---|---|
| Average C/QPP | ||
| Male, Married | 6,547 | 1,673 |
| Female, Married | 4,267 | 1,134 |
| Child | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 5,667 | 1,611 |
| Unattached | 5,682 | 1,438 |
| Share of Family C/QPP (%) | ||
| Male, Married | 76 | 81 |
| Female, Married | 42 | 51 |
| Child | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 95 | 98 |
| Unattached | 100 | 100 |
| Average Private Pensions | ||
| Male, Married | 18,686 | 15,408 |
| Female, Married | 9,718 | 7,850 |
| Child | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 11,783 | 9,876 |
| Unattached | 13,060 | 12,348 |
| Share of Family Private Pension (%) | ||
| Male, Married | 85 | 84 |
| Female, Married | 46 | 51 |
| Child | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 97 | 100 |
| Unattached | 100 | 100 |
Source: LAD, Statistics Canada
| Non-Immigrants | Immigrants | |
|---|---|---|
| Average OAS | ||
| Male, Married | 5,191 | 1,586 |
| Female, Married | 5,185 | 1,646 |
| Child | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 5,300 | 1,622 |
| Unattached | 5,222 | 1,589 |
| Share of Family OAS (%) | ||
| Male, Married | 65 | 65 |
| Female, Married | 52 | 53 |
| Child | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 98 | 100 |
| Unattached | 100 | 100 |
| Average GIS/Allowance | ||
| Male, Married | 2,366 | 7,123 |
| Female, Married | 2,566 | 6,823 |
| Child | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 4,206 | 9,485 |
| Unattached | 3,891 | 9,265 |
| Share of Family GIS Allowance (%) | ||
| Male, Married | 61 | 61 |
| Female, Married | 56 | 52 |
| Child | — | — |
| Lone-Parent | 98 | 100 |
| Unattached | 100 | 100 |
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