Canada Revenue Agency Financial Statements – Administered Activities 2024 to 2025

Canada Revenue Agency Statement of Administered Assets and Liabilities as at March 31 (in millions of dollars)

Contingent liabilities (note 10)

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements.

Approved by:

Canada Revenue Agency Statement of Administered Revenues and Pension Contributions for the year ended March 31 (in millions of dollars)

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements.

Canada Revenue Agency Statement of Administered Expenses and Recoveries for the year ended March 31 (in millions of dollars)

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements.

Canada Revenue Agency Statement of Administered Cash Flows for the year ended March 31 (in millions of dollars)

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements.

Canada Revenue Agency
Notes to the Financial Statements – Administered Activities

1. Authority and objectives

The Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) is an agent of His Majesty in right of Canada under the Canada Revenue Agency Act. The CRA is a departmental corporation named in Schedule II of the Financial Administration Act and reports to Parliament through the Minister of National Revenue.

The mandate of the CRA is to support the administration and enforcement of tax legislation and other related legislation. The CRA provides support, advice, and services by:

1. supporting the administration and enforcement of the program legislation;
2. implementing agreements between the Government of Canada or the CRA and the government of a province, territory, or other public body performing a function of government in Canada to carry out an activity or administer a tax or program;
3. implementing agreements or arrangements between the CRA and departments or agencies of the Government of Canada to carry out an activity or administer a program; and
4. implementing agreements between the Government of Canada and First Nations governments to administer a tax.

The CRA administers revenues, including income and sales taxes and Employment insurance premiums, administers tax legislation, delivers a number of social benefit programs to Canadians for the federal, provincial, territorial, and First Nations governments, and administers other amounts, including Canada Pension Plan contributions, for other groups or organizations. In addition to the Canada Revenue Agency Act, the CRA is responsible for administering and enforcing the following acts or parts of acts: the Air Travellers Security Charge Act, the Canada Pension Plan, the Children’s Special Allowances Act, Part V.1 of the Customs Act, the Employment Insurance Act, the Excise Act, the Excise Tax Act (including the goods and services tax (GST) and the harmonized sales tax (HST) except for GST/HST on imported goods), the Excise Act, 2001, the Income Tax Act, the Universal Child Care Benefit Act, the Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act, the Canada Emergency Response Benefit Act, the Canada Emergency Student Benefit Act, the Canada Recovery Benefits Act, the Canada Worker Lockdown Benefit Act, the Cost of Living Relief Act, the Dental Benefit Act, the Rental Housing Benefit Act, the Select Luxury Items Tax Act, the Underused Housing Tax Act, and others, including various provincial acts.

In the province of Quebec, Revenu Québec (RQ) acts as an agent of the CRA in administering and enforcing the GST, except for GST in respect of selected listed financial institutions. The CRA monitors cash transfers made by RQ, reports the GST revenues administered on its behalf, and transfers funds out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund, which is administered by the Receiver General for Canada, to RQ so it can issue refunds.

Under agreements with the provinces of Nova Scotia and Ontario, the CRA receives workers’ compensation payments and transfers these to the provinces. The CRA’s mandate for administering customs legislation is limited to the collection functions noted under Part V.1 of the Customs Act. The CRA also provides collection services to Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC) for certain accounts receivable under various acts.

2. Summary of significant accounting policies

For financial reporting purposes, the CRA’s activities have been divided into two sets of financial statements: agency activities and administered activities. The purpose of these administered activities statements is to give information about the tax-related revenues, expenses, assets, and liabilities that the CRA administers on behalf of the federal, provincial, and territorial governments, First Nations, and other organizations. The CRA administers individual income tax for all provinces except Quebec, and corporation income tax for all provinces except Quebec and Alberta. The Financial Statements – Agency Activities include the operational revenues and expenses that the CRA manages and uses to run the organization.

As required by the Canada Revenue Agency Act, the Financial Statements – Administered Activities have been prepared using accounting principles consistent with those applied in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements of the Government of Canada. As a result, CRA follows those accounting principles to account for the federal administered activities. In addition, activities administered for the provincial and territorial governments, First Nations, and other organizations are accounted for on the same basis as those administered for the federal government, and may differ from the accounting principles used by those provincial and territorial governments, First Nations, and other organizations. These stated accounting policies are based on Canadian public sector accounting standards. A summary of the significant accounting policies follows:

(a) Revenues and pension contributions recognition

• Revenues and pension contributions are recognized in the year in which the event that generates the revenue or the pension contribution occurs and when the effective date of the related legislation has passed and either the legislation, regulation or by-laws have been approved by the legislature or the ability to assess and collect tax has been provided through legislative convention.
• The Canadian tax system is based on self-assessment, so taxpayers are expected to understand the tax laws and comply with them. This has an impact on the completeness of tax revenues when taxpayers fail to comply with tax laws, for example, if they do not report all of their income. The CRA has implemented systems and controls to detect and correct situations where taxpayers are not complying with the various acts it administers. These systems and controls include audits of taxpayer records when the CRA decides they are necessary, but these procedures cannot be expected to identify all sources of unreported income or other cases of non-compliance with tax laws.
• An assessment (or reassessment) of tax includes all decisions and other steps made or taken by the Minister of National Revenue and officials of the CRA under the federal, provincial, and territorial acts or sections of the acts the CRA administers to calculate tax payable by taxpayers. When verifying a taxpayer’s return, the CRA uses the various tax acts it administers and other criteria it developed that are designed to substantially meet the provisions of these acts. Reassessments include changes to taxes previously assessed at the request of the taxpayer, for example to claim a subsequent loss carry-back, or changes the CRA initiated as a result of applying procedures to verify reporting compliance, such as taxpayer audits. An estimate of future reassessments is recorded for amounts under appeal to the various courts in accordance with the accounting policy on contingent liabilities (note 2 (h)) and for amounts under objection in accordance with the accounting policy on taxes under objection (note 2 (g)).
• Revenues are reported net of tax concessions. As foregone revenue, tax concessions do not give rise to assets or expenses of the taxing government. Refundable tax credits, deductions, or exemptions provided by the federal, provincial, territorial, or First Nations governments are considered tax concessions when they provide tax relief to taxpayers and relate to the types of taxes that are a revenue source administered by the CRA. When the CRA does not administer the related tax revenue, these refundable tax credits, deductions, or exemptions are accounted for as transfers made through the tax system.
• Revenues and pension contributions for the fiscal year include adjustments between the estimates of previous years and actual amounts, as well as reassessments relating to prior years. Revenues do not include estimates of unreported taxes, or the impact of future reassessments that cannot yet be reliably determined.
• The following policies are applied for specific streams:
  1. Income tax revenues:

     Income tax revenues are recognized when the taxpayer has earned income that is subject to tax. Income is calculated net of tax deductions and credits allowed under the Income Tax Act, including refundable taxes resulting from current-year activity. For non-resident taxpayers (individuals and corporations), revenues are recognized when the taxpayers receive income from which tax is withheld on active and inactive income they earned in Canada.

     Income tax revenues are measured from amounts assessed/reassessed and from estimates of amounts not yet assessed/reassessed based on cash received that relates to the fiscal year ended March 31.

  2. Canada Pension Plan contributions, and Employment insurance premiums:

     Canada Pension Plan (CPP) contributions from employees, employers, and self-employed persons are recognized when the pensionable income is earned. Employment insurance (EI) premiums are recognized as revenue in the period the insurable earnings are earned.

     CPP contributions and EI premiums are measured from amounts assessed/reassessed and from estimates of amounts not yet assessed/reassessed based on cash received that relates to the fiscal year ended March 31. The details of the transactions the CRA administers for the CPP as reported in the Statement of Administered Revenues and Pension Contributions are disclosed in note 16.

  3. Other taxes, duties, and charges:

     Goods and services tax (GST) and harmonized sales tax (HST) revenues on domestic goods and services, as well as the Quebec sales tax in respect of selected listed financial institutions are recognized at the time the goods are sold or the services provided. Revenues are reported net of input tax credits, GST/HST rebates, and the GST quarterly tax credits. These revenues are disclosed in note 11 and note 14. Input tax credits are the recovery of GST/HST paid or owed on purchases related to domestic and imported commercial activities of the taxpayer. Rebates are granted in various circumstances, for example to relieve the tax burden in areas where the cost of housing is very high, or to allow for the recovery of taxes on purchases where the purchaser cannot claim an input tax credit. The GST quarterly tax credit for low-income individuals and families is recorded in the period to which it relates. It is intended to offset the cost of the tax for low-income individuals and families.

     For excise taxes, revenue is recognized when a taxpayer sells goods taxable under the Excise Tax Act. For excise duties, revenue is recognized when the taxpayer manufactures goods taxable under the Excise Act and the Excise Act, 2001.

     For Cannabis duties, revenue is recognized when a taxpayer manufactures goods taxable under the Excise Act, 2001.

     Air travellers security charge revenues (disclosed in note 12) are recognized when they are earned.

     For the luxury tax, revenue (disclosed in note 12) is recognized when a taxpayer sells goods taxable under the Select Luxury Items Tax Act.

     For the underused housing tax, revenues (disclosed in note 12) are recognized when they are earned.

     These revenues are measured from amounts assessed/reassessed, and from estimates of amounts not yet assessed/reassessed based on cash received or historical information, that relate to the fiscal year ended March 31.

  4. Fuel charge proceeds:

     Fuel charge proceeds are accounted for as a charge earned from non-exchange transactions. Fuel charge proceeds are recognized as revenues in the period the charge is earned which is the production and the delivery by a registered distributor of the fuel under the Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act. Revenues are measured from amounts assessed/reassessed and from estimates of amounts not yet assessed/reassessed based on cash received that relates to the fiscal year ended March 31.

  5. Interest, penalties, and other revenues:

     Interest, penalties, and other revenues are recorded when they are earned and are reported as revenues administered for the federal government as stated in the terms of the tax collection agreements with the provinces and territories. The portion related to CPP is credited to the CPP account. Interest and penalties are recorded net of amounts waived or cancelled under the various tax acts and disclosed in note 13.

(b)  Expenses

6. Transfers:

   Transfers are recognized in the year during which the events giving rise to them occur, provided that the transfer is authorized and all eligibility criteria have been met by the recipient, and a reasonable estimate of the amounts can be made. The details of Canada Dental Benefit and the Canada Housing Benefit are disclosed in Note 17 while details of, Canada’s COVID-19 Economic Response Plan, and Provincial and territorial climate action tax credits and rebates, are disclosed in Note 18, and Note 19 respectively.

   Redetermined amounts through post-payment verification are recorded in the year when the existence and amount of the overpayment or underpayment has been determined.

7. Interest expense:

   Refunds may arise late, largely from the resolution of long-standing corporation tax files in favour of the taxpayer. Interest is accrued on refunds from the date that the tax instalment was initially paid to the date that the case is resolved. The CRA records the interest expense in the fiscal year to which it relates..

8. Administered recoveries:

   Recoveries of old age security, employment insurance benefits and the Canada Recovery Benefit are recognized when the taxpayer has earned sufficient income to trigger the recovery of these benefits. Recoveries of old age security and employment insurance benefits are measured from amounts assessed/reassessed and from estimates of amounts not yet assessed based on cash received that relates to the fiscal year ended March 31. Recoveries of the Canada Recovery Benefit are measured from amounts assessed/reassessed and disclosed in Note 18. The CRA reports only recoveries assessed through the individual income tax system. Recoveries determined by other federal government departments are not reported in these financial statements.

(c) Cash on hand

The CRA deposits all monies received to the Consolidated Revenue Fund. Cash on hand refers to amounts received in the CRA’s offices or by its agents up to March 31 but not yet deposited to the credit of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Government of Canada. The CRA or its agents deposit funds to the Consolidated Revenue Fund on a daily basis.

(d) Amounts receivable from taxpayers and benefits recipients

Amounts receivable from taxpayers and benefits recipients include taxes, interest, penalties, recoveries of benefit programs payments and other revenues assessed or estimated by the CRA but not yet collected. A significant portion of the amounts receivable results from recording accrued receivables that relate to the current fiscal year but are not due until the next fiscal year. The details of the amounts receivable as reported in the Statement of Administered Assets and Liabilities are disclosed in Note 3.

(e) Allowance for doubtful accounts

The allowance for doubtful accounts is management’s best estimate of the collectability of amounts that have been assessed or benefits that have been paid, including the related interest and penalties. The allowance for doubtful accounts has two components. A general allowance is calculated based on the age and type of tax accounts using rates based on historical collection experience. A specific allowance is calculated based on an annual review of all accounts over $25 million.

The allowance for doubtful accounts is adjusted every year through the doubtful accounts expense and is reduced by amounts written off as uncollectible during the year. The annual expense is reported in the Statement of Administered Expenses and Recoveries with additional disclosures provided in note 3. The provision is charged to expenses administered for the federal government because the CRA assumes all collection risks, as stated in the terms of the tax collection agreements with the provinces, territories, and First Nations. The portion related to CPP contributions is charged to the CPP account.

(f) Amounts payable to taxpayers and benefits recipients

Amounts payable to taxpayers and benefits recipients include transfers, refunds and related interest assessed or estimated by the CRA that were not paid up to March 31. A significant portion of the amounts payable results from recording accrued payables that relate to the current fiscal year but are not due for payment until the next fiscal year. The details of the amounts payable to taxpayers and benefit recipients as reported in the Statement of Administered Assets and Liabilities are disclosed in note 5.

(g) Taxes under objection

Taxes under objection are assessed taxes for which the taxpayer filed a notice of objection. For cases where it is determined that the CRA has little or no discretion to avoid settlement, the amounts to be paid are recorded in the amounts payable to taxpayers or as a reduction of the amounts receivable from taxpayers, as applicable. The amount under objection for which a liability has not been recorded, as the outcome is non determinable, is disclosed in note 9.

(h) Contingent liabilities

Contingent liabilities are potential liabilities resulting from taxes assessed which have been appealed to the Tax Court of Canada, the Federal Court of Appeal, or the Supreme Court of Canada. Amounts in appeal might become actual liabilities if one or more future events occurs or does not occur. If the future event is likely to occur or likely to not occur, and a reasonable estimate of the loss can be made, an estimated liability is accrued and the revenues are reduced. The extent of these cases is not disclosed as it could have an adverse effect on their outcome. If the likelihood is non determinable or an amount cannot be reasonably estimated, the contingency is disclosed in note 10.

(i) Measurement uncertainty

To prepare these statements, management has to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and recoveries reported. Estimates are used to record unassessed tax revenues and the related amounts receivable and payable, as well as the allowance for doubtful accounts. In particular, estimates are made to determine individual and trust income tax revenues, corporation income tax revenues, non-resident tax withholdings, GST/HST revenues, energy taxes, other excise taxes and duties revenues, Air travellers security charge revenues, EI premiums, CPP contributions, and the related amounts receivable and payable.

A key assumption used in estimating tax revenues is that tax instalments, source deductions withheld and historical information on refund rates, payments received upon filing tax returns, and amounts receivable assessed are good indicators of the amount of tax revenue earned to March 31 that has not yet been assessed. Another assumption is that historical tax assessment information is a good basis to allocate tax revenues between their various components (for example, between federal, provincial, and territorial tax revenues). Relevant factors such as new administered activities, legislative changes, and economic factors may also be considered. Finally, the key assumption used to estimate the general allowance for doubtful accounts is that historical collection information is a good indicator of uncollectible receivables.

Estimates are based on the best information available at the time of preparation of these statements and management believes these estimates and assumptions to be reasonable. Actual results could differ significantly from the estimates and any differences are recorded in the year the actual amounts are determined. Management monitors the accuracy of the estimates and the underlying assumptions through annual validation procedures and adjusts its estimation models as required.

The CRA expects that the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the financial statements will continue to be affected by the economic situation.

3. Amounts receivable from taxpayers and benefit recipients

The following table provides details of the amounts receivable as reported in the Statement of Administered Assets and Liabilities. Amounts receivable from individuals and employers include CPP contributions and Employment insurance premiums as applicable.

Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts include the following:

The doubtful accounts expense of $12,727 million ($11,770 million in 2024) reported above includes an amount of $12,412 million ($11,532 million in 2024) recorded as an expense administered for the Government of Canada (see note 2 (e)) and $315 million ($238 million in 2024) recorded as an expense administered for the CPP.

4. Amounts receivable under the tobacco civil settlements

On July 31, 2008, the federal and provincial governments entered into civil settlement agreements with two tobacco companies to resolve potential civil claims. Under the terms of the agreements, payments totalling $850 million are to be made to Canada, for Canada and the provinces. The federal government’s share is $325 million and the provincial governments’ share is $525 million. These amounts are recorded at the nominal value. The current balance of $49 million ($26 million federal and $23 million provincial) represents the remaining unpaid balance as at March 31, 2025.

5. Amounts payable to taxpayers and benefit recipients

The following table provides details of the amounts payable as reported in the Statement of Administered Assets and Liabilities:

6. Amounts payable to other organizations

The following table provides details of amounts payable to other organizations as reported in the Statement of Administered Assets and Liabilities:

The Department of Finance makes payments out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund to provinces, territories and First Nations for taxes which the CRA administers. These amounts payable to provinces, territories, and First Nations are not recorded in these financial statements because they are outside the CRA’s responsibility.

The CRA received $444 million in Nova Scotia worker’s compensation payments during the year ($404 million in 2024) and $3 million in Ontario worker's compensation payments during the year ($61 million in 2024), these payments are transferred directly to the province. Since this is a flow through arrangement, it is not reported as administered revenues.

The CRA is acting as an agent for the provinces under the tobacco civil settlements. The CRA’s liability to the provinces for their expected share of the settlement amounts is limited to the amounts that will ultimately be collected from the tobacco companies.

7. Deposit accounts

Deposit accounts are established to record cash and securities required to guarantee payment of GST for non-resident registrants and certain licensees for excise taxes, which are both payable pursuant to the Excise Tax Act. The following table provides activity on the deposit accounts as reported in the Statement of Administered Assets and Liabilities:

8. Net amount due to the Consolidated Revenue Fund

The net amount due to the Consolidated Revenue Fund on behalf of the Government of Canada and others is the difference between administered assets (taxes not yet received and/or deposited in the Consolidated Revenue Fund) and administered liabilities payable by the CRA out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund.

The net cash deposited in the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Government of Canada includes amounts the CRA receives on behalf of the federal government, provinces, territories, and other organizations, less refunds and payments issued from the Consolidated Revenue Fund during the year.

The following table provides the change in the net amount due to the Consolidated Revenue Fund, on behalf of the Government of Canada and others, during the fiscal year:

9. Taxes under objection

Taxes under objections as defined in note 2 (g) where a liability has not been recorded, as the outcome is non determinable, amount to $37.5 billion ($31 billion for 2024).

10. Contingent liabilities

Contingent liabilities as defined in note 2 (h), for which it is not determinable as to whether a liability exists or a reasonable estimate of the potential loss cannot be made, represent $10.2 billion ($9.6 billion for 2024).

11. Goods and services tax revenues

The GST reported on the Statement of Administered Revenues and Pension Contributions includes the federal portion of harmonized sales tax (HST). It is net of input tax credits (ITC), rebates, and the GST quarterly tax credit for low-income individuals and families that the CRA administers. It does not include GST revenues on imported goods, which are administered and reported by the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA). The CRA has sole responsibility for administering all ITC, including those claimed on imported goods. ITC relating to GST on imports are not accounted for separately from ITC relating to GST on domestic transactions.

To support Canadians during the holiday season, the Government of Canada provided a two-month GST/HST break on qualifying items from December 14, 2024 to February 15, 2025.

The following table provides details of the GST revenues that the CRA administers for the Government of Canada as reported in the Statement of Administered Revenues and Pension Contributions:

12. Other administered revenues

The following table provides details of Other administered taxes under Other taxes, duties and charges as reported in the Statement of Administered Revenues and Pension Contributions:

The Underused Housing Tax is an annual 1% tax on the ownership of vacant or underused housing in Canada that took effect on January 1, 2022 under the Underused Housing Tax Act. On June 20, 2024, amendments to the Underused Housing Tax Act received Royal Assent. Residential property owners affected by the UHT had until April 30, 2024 to file their returns and pay the tax for the 2022 and 2023 calendar years without being charged penalties or interest. CRA waived interest and penalties related to UHT for returns and amounts owed received by April 30, 2024. Waived amounts are reported in note 13 and are not included in administered revenues.

13. Interest, penalties, and other revenues

Various tax legislations give the CRA the authority, under certain conditions, to assess interest for taxes due and penalties related to non-compliance with regulations by taxpayers. Interest is charged on overdue balances using rates determined quarterly, which in most cases are based on the ninety day Treasury Bills rate rounded plus 4%. The interest rate applicable as at March 31, 2025 on most overdue balances was 8% (10% in 2024). The CRA has the authority to waive or cancel the interest and penalties that would normally be charged under certain circumstances such as processing delays caused by the CRA, financial hardship experienced by taxpayers, or other extraordinary circumstances.

Other revenues consist of miscellaneous fees and charges such as court fines and administration charges for dishonoured payments.

The following table provides details on interest, penalties, and other revenues that the CRA administers for the federal government as reported in the Statement of Administered Revenues and Pension Contributions:

14. Provincial portion of harmonized sales tax

The CRA administers the provincial portion of the HST for the provinces of Ontario, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador and Prince Edward Island as well as returns for the period from July 2010 to March 2013 for British Columbia. The CRA recorded these revenues in accordance with the accounting policies described in note 2 (a).

A GST/HST break for Canadians for the two‑month period from December 14, 2024 to February 15, 2025 also applied to the provincial portion of sales tax in Ontario, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador and Prince Edward Island.

The provincial portion of HST reported on the Statement of Administered Revenues and Pension Contributions is net of input tax credits (ITC), rebates and credits which are accounted for as tax concessions. It includes the recaptured ITC, which applies to certain types of supplies purchased by large businesses. It does not include the provincial portion of HST collected on imported goods, which is administered and reported by the Canada Border Services Agency.

The following table provides details on the provincial portion of HST revenues as reported in the Statement of Administered Revenues and Pension Contributions:

15. Other revenues

The following table provides details of other revenues the CRA administers for provincial and territorial governments and First Nations as reported in the Statement of Administered Revenues and Pension Contributions. 

16. Pension contributions, interest, and penalties administered for the Canada Pension Plan

The following table provides details of the transactions the CRA administers for the CPP as reported in the Statement of Administered Revenues and Pension Contributions:

17. Other benefits

The following table provides details of Other benefits under Transfers to individuals as reported in the Statement of Administered Expenses and Recoveries:

The Canada Dental Benefit (CDB) is intended to help lower dental costs for eligible families earning less than $90,000 per year, in accordance with the Cost of Living Relief Act, No. 2 (Targeted Support for Households), and the Dental Benefit Act. The CDB started on December 1, 2022, as the first phase of the program, and was extended to children under the age of 12. The CRA administered the CDB payments on behalf of Health Canada (HC) and received advanced funding of $250 million in 2023. The balance of undisbursed amounts is presented in Note 6.

A one-time top-up to the Canada Housing Benefit (OTCHB) is intended to provide financial support to Canadians facing housing affordability challenges in accordance with the Cost of Living Relief Act, No. 2 (Targeted Support for Households), and the Rental Housing Benefit Act. The OTCHB started on December 12, 2022. The CRA administered this one-time payment on behalf of the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) and received advanced funding of $500 million in 2023. The balance of undisbursed amounts is presented in Note 6.

18. Canada’s COVID-19 Economic Response Plan

Between March 2020 and May 2022, the Government of Canada provided a series of tax and economic measures under Canada’s COVID-19 Economic Response Plan (the Response Plan) to support the Canadian economy during the COVID-19 global pandemic. The Response Plan was designed to support people, businesses and organizations facing hardship as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak

The following table provides details on transfers related to the Response Plan that the CRA administers as reported in the Statement of Administered Expenses and Recoveries. Negative amounts reflect recoveries in excess of transfer payments:

In addition to the above table, the amount of Canada benefit programs for children includes $0 million ($5 million in 2024) of Canada Child Benefit Young Child Supplement.

Transfers paid under the Response Plan are subject to various pre and post-payment verification procedures. A recipient of a COVID-19 benefit payment must reimburse benefits for any amounts for which they were not eligible. These overpayments are reported as amounts receivable from benefit recipients when determined. Post-payment verification activities commenced shortly after payment issuance and were primarily completed by March 31, 2025. Amounts receivable as at March 31 are presented in note 3.

In addition to the above transfers, the related doubtful accounts expense is $4,048 million ($3,878 million in 2024) (see note 3). Furthermore, the Canada Recovery Benefit is subject to clawback. The recovery amounts are presented in the Statement of Administered Expenses and Recoveries.

19. Provincial and territorial climate action tax credits and rebates

The Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act (GGPPA), which received Royal Assent on June 21, 2018, provides authority to the Government of Canada to implement a carbon pricing system for provinces and territories that do not have a system that meets the federal standard. Through the Canada Carbon Rebate, all direct proceeds from the federal carbon pricing system are redistributed to residents in the provinces and territories where the federal system was adopted

On March 14, 2025, the Government of Canada eliminated the federal fuel charge. Effective April 1, 2025, the applicable fuel charge rates for all fuel types and combustible waste have been set to zero. As a result of the fuel charge elimination, the proceeds return mechanisms, including the Canada Carbon Rebate, are being wound down. The final Canada Carbon Rebate payments were made in April 2025. The Agency will continue to administer and process fuel charge and Canada Carbon Rebate payments for periods prior to the April 1, 2025, effective date.

Provinces and territories, that may have their own carbon pricing system or are in the process of implementing a federal-approved system, can redistribute their carbon pricing system proceeds through other rebates and credits programs. Some of these climate action tax credits and rebates programs are administered by the CRA on behalf of the provinces and territories.

The following table provides details of the expenses the CRA administers for the provincial and territorial climate action tax credits and rebates as reported in the Statement of Administered Expenses and Recoveries:

20. Related-party transactions

The CRA is related in terms of common ownership to all Government of Canada departments, agencies, and Crown corporations. These transactions take place in the normal course of business based on the provisions of the Income Tax Act, Excise Tax Act and established directives and procedures.

The individual income tax, employment insurance premiums and CPP contributions deducted at source from employees by federal departments and other organizations are declared and transferred to the CRA, and are included in the revenues and pension contributions administered by the CRA. Employment insurance premiums include the federal government employer share.

The GST collected by federal government departments and other organizations is declared and transferred to the CRA, and included in the GST revenues and the provincial portion of HST. The GST administered by the CRA includes the GST that federal departments and some organizations pay to their suppliers on domestic purchases.

The CRA administers corporations’ income tax payable by certain Crown corporations. Finally, the CRA also administers a refund set-off program that provides for individuals’ tax refunds to be used to pay debts owed under federal, provincial, or territorial programs.

The CRA has an agreement with ESDC to administer, on their behalf, transfers to individuals included in Canada’s COVID-19 Economic Response Plan. Those programs are the Canada Emergency Response Benefit, the Canada Recovery Benefit, the Canada Emergency Student Benefit, the Canada Recovery Caregiving Benefit, the Canada Recovery Sickness Benefit and the Canada Worker Lockdown Benefit.

The CRA has an agreement with HC to administer, on their behalf, transfers to individuals for the CDB.

The CRA has an agreement with the CMHC to administer, on their behalf, transfers to individuals for the OTCHB.

In addition to the above transactions, which are included in these financial statements, the CRA provides collection services to the CBSA under Part V.I of the Customs Act. It also provides collection services to ESDC for certain accounts receivable under the Canada Education Savings Act, the Canada Student Loans Act, the Canada Student Financial Assistance Act, the Canada Pension Plan, the Old Age Security Act. The related payments are made directly to either the CBSA or ESDC, who are responsible for their deposits to the Consolidated Revenue Fund, as well as their accounting and reporting. These payments are not recorded in the CRA’s accounts.

21. Comparative figures

Certain comparative figures have been reclassified to conform to the presentation adopted in the current year.