Recent Immigrants in Metropolitan Areas: Winnipeg—A Comparative Profile Based on the 2001 Census
Part F: Housing
Crowded accommodations more common for recent immigrants
In Winnipeg, the number of persons per room in households of recent immigrants is well above the average. As many as 21% of recent immigrant households live in crowded conditions (that is, there are more persons than rooms in the home). The incidence of crowding is even higher among households consisting only of very recent immigrants. By contrast, crowding is very rare among households of the Canadian-born and earlier immigrants.
Households | Fewer than 0.5 persons | 0.5 to 0.74 persons | 0.75 to 0.99 persons | 1 or more persons | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Canadian-born | 133,280 | 55,800 | 8,750 | 7,290 | 205,110 |
Earlier immigrants | 28,830 | 12,690 | 2,540 | 1,750 | 45,810 |
Recent immigrants | 4,930 | 6,500 | 2,810 | 3,830 | 18,050 |
1986-1995 immigrants | 3,630 | 4,480 | 1,790 | 2,070 | 11,950 |
1996-2001 immigrants with others | 580 | 1,190 | 570 | 860 | 3,200 |
1996-2001 immigrants only | 720 | 830 | 460 | 900 | 2,900 |
All households | 167,460 | 75,270 | 14,160 | 13,100 | 269,990 |
Canadian-born | 65% | 27% | 4% | 4% | 100% |
Earlier immigrants | 63% | 28% | 6% | 4% | 100% |
Recent immigrants | 27% | 36% | 16% | 21% | 100% |
1986-1995 immigrants | 30% | 37% | 15% | 17% | 100% |
1996-2001 immigrants with others | 18% | 37% | 18% | 27% | 100% |
1996-2001 immigrants only | 25% | 29% | 16% | 31% | 100% |
All households | 62% | 28% | 5% | 5% | 100% |
Note: The total “All households” includes households of non-permanent residents not shown in the table. For definitions of household, crowding and related concepts, see the Glossary.
Large households likely to have crowded accommodations
Crowding is related to size of household. The larger the household, the greater the chance that there are more persons than rooms in the dwelling. This pattern is found among households of the Canadian-born as well as immigrants, despite the fact that there is much less crowding in households of the Canadian-born than in households of recent immigrants.
As shown earlier, households of immigrants who landed before 1986 are similar to the households of the Canadian-born in size. They also have accommodations that are similar in size to that of the Canadian-born.
Note: The total “All households” includes households of non-permanent residents not shown in the table. For definitions of household, crowding and related concepts, see the Glossary.
Housing costs similar in relation to income
Two in ten recent immigrant households spend more than 30% of their income on accommodations. This proportion is similar to the share of Canadian-born households that spends more than 30% of their income on accommodations.
Cost of accommodation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Households | Less than 30% | 30% to 50% | 50% or more | |||
Canadian-born | 161,630 | 79% | 25,090 | 12% | 17,510 | 9% |
Earlier immigrants | 38,330 | 84% | 4,720 | 10% | 2,650 | 6% |
Recent immigrants | 12,910 | 81% | 1,720 | 11% | 1,350 | 8% |
1986-1995 immigrants | 9,760 | 82% | 1,200 | 10% | 980 | 8% |
1996-1999 immigrants with others | 1,770 | 84% | 230 | 11% | 130 | 6% |
1996-1999 immigrants only | 1,390 | 72% | 290 | 15% | 240 | 12% |
All households | 214,530 | 79% | 31,850 | 12% | 22,300 | 8% |
Note: The total “All households” includes households of non-permanent residents not shown in the table. For definitions of household and related concepts, see the Glossary. Totals do not add to 100% due to some non-reporting households.
Housing of very recent immigrants in slightly better repair
The dwellings of households of immigrants who landed after 1985 have been more recently built than the houses of Canadian-born.
Period of construction | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Households | Before 1971 | 1971-1990 | 1991-2001 | |||
Canadian-born | 118,640 | 58% | 73,160 | 36% | 13,320 | 6% |
Earlier immigrants | 24,690 | 54% | 18,200 | 40% | 2,940 | 6% |
Recent immigrants | 9,390 | 52% | 7,450 | 41% | 1,210 | 7% |
1986-1995 immigrants | 6,170 | 52% | 4,880 | 41% | 890 | 7% |
1996-2001 immigrants with others | 1,680 | 52% | 1,320 | 41% | 200 | 6% |
1996-2001 immigrants only | 1,550 | 53% | 1,240 | 43% | 110 | 4% |
All households | 153,170 | 57% | 99,320 | 37% | 17,500 | 6% |
Note: The total “All households” includes households of non-permanent residents not shown in the table. For definitions of household and related concepts, see the Glossary.
The state of repair of dwellings of recent and earlier immigrants is slightly better than that of the Canadian-born. This suggests that recent immigrants in Winnipeg do not resort to sub-standard accommodations to keep the cost of housing down.
Quality of housing | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Households | Regular maintenance | Minor repairs | Major repairs | |||
Canadian-born | 125,300 | 61% | 59,530 | 29% | 20,290 | 10% |
Earlier immigrants | 29,580 | 65% | 12,650 | 28% | 3,580 | 8% |
Recent immigrants | 11,650 | 65% | 4,870 | 27% | 1,530 | 8% |
1986-1995 immigrants | 7,450 | 62% | 3,440 | 29% | 1,080 | 9% |
1996-2001 immigrants with others | 2,120 | 66% | 850 | 27% | 220 | 7% |
1996-2001 immigrants only | 2,080 | 72% | 590 | 20% | 240 | 8% |
All households | 167,250 | 62% | 77,280 | 29% | 25,470 | 9% |
Note: The total “All households” includes households of non-permanent residents. For definitions of household and related concepts, see the Glossary.
Home ownership relatively high
One in four households consisting only of very recent immigrants owns its home, compared to close to two in three Canadian-born households and other recent immigrant households.
Figure F-1: Immigrant households (by period of immigration) and Canadian-born households—home ownership, by household type, Winnipeg Census Metropolitan Area, 2001 (percentage)
Note: For definitions of household and related concepts, see the Glossary.
Home-ownership is much higher among earlier immigrants than among the Canadian-born. This probably reflects the higher average age of earlier immigrants, but it may also point to different choices.
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