Operations

Description                          

Detect, deter and defend against threats to or attacks on Canada. Assist civil authorities and law enforcement, including counter-terrorism, in support of national security, domestic disasters or major emergencies, and conduct search and rescue operations.

Detect, deter and defend against threats to or attacks on North America in partnership with the United States, including through NORAD.

Lead and/or contribute forces to NATO and coalition efforts to deter and defeat adversaries, including terrorists, to support global stability. Lead and/or contribute to international peace operations and stabilization missions with the United Nations, NATO and other multilateral partners. Engage in capacity building to support the security of other nations and their ability to contribute to security and the security of Canadians abroad. Assist civil authorities and non-governmental partners in responding to international and domestic disasters or major emergencies.

Results

The Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) continued to deliver on Canada’s defence objectives to ensure Canada remains Strong at home, Secure in North America, and Engaged in the world.

In 2018-19, the Department of National Defence (DND)/CAF supported government partners in response to domestic crises (e.g. floods, fires, and winter storms), maintained the defence of North America in partnership with the United States through the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD), and continued to make valuable contributions to international peace and security alongside allies in deployed operations around the world. DND/CAF teamed up with partners and Allies, including through the Tri-Command Framework with NORAD and United States Northern Command (USNORTHCOM), to conduct collaborative planning, exercises, and progress initiatives such as the Evolution of North American Defense (EVONAD).

As armed conflict, natural disasters, and humanitarian crises affect various people differently, examining Gender perspectives (and other socio-economic factors such as age, ethnicity, and language) enhances understanding of challenges faced by populations in these areas, increasing operational effectiveness. Gender-based analysis plus (GBA+) was incorporated fully into the planning, execution, and evaluation of operations during FY 2018-19.

The Canadian National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security in response to the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325, NATO policy and guidance and Government of Canada direction on GBA+ remained fully integrated into CAF planning and operations and continued to be integrated into the wider CAF institution.

Incremental Costs for Major Canadian Armed Forces Operations^{Footnote xlii} and information on current CAF operations and exercises^{Footnote xliii} are available on the Department of National Defence and the Canadian Armed Forces website.

Departmental Result 1.1 – Canadians are protected against threats to and attacks on Canada

• DND/CAF maintained a continuous watch over Canada’s land mass, air and maritime approaches, space domain, and DND/CAF cyber domain to take action against threats and support requests for assistance. Joint Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance, including through Operation LIMPID naval and aerial patrols, provided a clear picture of Canadian air and maritime approaches, which is critical to identifying potential threats to Canadian security and sovereignty, including in the Arctic. Further, Regional Joint Task Forces, including the Canadian Rangers, alongside federal, provincial, and territorial organizations, augmented land domain awareness and responded to contingencies and requests for assistance. Of note, climate change will impact the nation’s ability to detect, deter, and degrade threats to Canadians and Canadian interests in the future, likely increasing the need for increased resources specific to the Arctic.
• The CAF has implemented an enhanced cyber defence posture, exercised during Exercise VIGILANT SHIELD 19, which includes new cyber defence tools for deployed operations to identify cyber threats and reduce the risk for CAF deployed members. Further, in line with Strong, Secure, Engaged (SSE): Canada’s Defence Policy, the CAF have advanced Active Cyber Operations planning efforts in support of mission execution.
• The Canadian Special Operations Forces Command (CANSOFCOM) protected Canadians and Canadian interests through the forward posturing of forces and the maintenance of an effective global network with strategic interagency partners. CANSOFCOM maintained overwatch of potential threats and conducted the prepositioning of forces at very high-readiness to mitigate these threats in North America and around the world. CANSOFCOM also conducted joint operations with partner forces to identify potential threats collaboratively.
• The CAF maintained engagements continually striving to improve operational efficiency with our Joint-Interagency partners and allies to provide a steadfast defence, rapid, effective, and scalable execution of CAF operations in the support of other government departments and agencies for safety and security and to exercise situational awareness over all-domain approaches to Canada. 
• The Marine Security Operations Centre was able to leverage the capabilities and mandates of its six partner departments in order to ensure an exponentially greater probability of detection of threats to the security of Canadians and Canadian interests. Furthermore, through the Maritime Event Response Protocol process, the CAF and other government departments and agencies were able to coordinate Government of Canada responses to provide more effective deterrence and degradation of these threats.

Results achieved

Departmental Result 1.2 – People in need in Canada are assisted in times of natural disasters and other emergencies

• During FY 2018-19, Operation LENTUS was activated on six separate occasions (Kashechewan evacuation, New Brunswick Flooding, British Columbia flooding, Little Grand Rapids evacuation, British Columbia Fires, and Iles-de-la-Madeleine evacuation) after the CAF responded to Requests for Assistance from provincial emergency response organizations. The CAF has greatly developed planning and organizational knowledge and expertise for domestic responses as well as strong pan-governmental relationships. As such, effective measures have been put in place to continually anticipate potential requests resulting in response times completely within the established timeframes. 

Operation LENTUS – British Columbia Wildfires 2018

• There were six separate Operation LENTUS responses during FY 2018-19, which include the following highlights:

Kashechewan Evacuation:

• Air Evacuated 101 civilians.

New Brunswick Floods:

Deployed Critical Infrastructure Assessment Teams which assessed the following:

• 350 km of transport routes;
• 130 damaged areas; and
• Two bridges.

British Columbia Floods:

• Placed over 80,000 sandbags; and
• Installed 750 metres of aqua dams and 50 metres of hesco flood barrier.

Little Grand Rapids:

• Air Evacuated 143 civilians.

British Columbia Wildfires:

• 22,000 hours of firefighting support tasks ; and
• Mopped up 1,000 hectares of land.

Moved by air:

• 105,000 pounds (approximately 47,500 kilograms) of equipment; and
• 115 personnel.

Iles-de-la-Madeleine evacuation:

• Over 1,000 Wellness Checks; and
• 20,000 pounds (approximately 9,000 kilograms) of equipment moved by air.

• In FY 2018-19, there were 8,773 Search and Rescue (SAR) incidents (cases). 1,825 cases had a final classification of 1 (Distress) or 2 (Imminent Distress). All Joint Rescue Coordination Centre SAR cases were handled effectively and prosecuted through to conclusion or handover to an appropriate agency.
• The 1,825 cases generated 793 taskings for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) air assets.  In the other 1,032 cases, Joint Rescue Coordination Centres utilized assets of opportunity, including civilian aircraft and vessels that were available to resolve cases quickly and efficiently when safe and appropriate to do so. Of the 793 RCAF taskings, there were 38 missions where a CAF SAR asset was delayed or unable to complete the mission due to weather, aircraft serviceability, de-icing, refueling, or other factors, but all cases were dealt with as expediently as possible. SAR mission coordinators used every tool at their disposal to ensure all responses to SAR incidents in Canada were effectively conducted and/or coordinated to conclusion or to handover to an appropriate agency.

Results achieved

Departmental Result 1.3 – Canada’s Arctic sovereignty is preserved and safeguarded

• The CAF maintained a year-round presence in Canada’s North. This presence took the form of Joint Task Force (North), the CAF’s northern headquarters, and several exercises and sovereignty operations held in the high, western, and eastern Arctic. These activities shared the same purposes: to assert Canada’s sovereignty in the region, to strengthen CAF capabilities to conduct Arctic operations, and to improve the CAF’s ability to work with government partners in response to Northern safety and security issues. To note: climate change will impact the nation’s ability to detect, deter, and degrade threats to Canadians and Canadian interests in the future, likely increasing the need for increased resources specific to the Arctic.
• The rebranding of Northern operations into Operation NANOOK has been and continues to be a concerted effort to improve and increase capabilities to assert Arctic sovereignty. This was in response to the development of an enhanced Arctic campaign plan, which sees Operation NANOOK becoming a continuous operation over the course of the year, rather than a short term operation. This change has enabled the expansion of the operation, provided greater opportunities to enhance our engagement and interoperability with international military and security partners, and improved coordination and cooperation by working with other departmental organizations and international observers. As part of the NANOOK series in FY 2018-19, the CAF conducted several deployments:
• Northwest Passage: From 16 July to 7 September 2018, CAF members conducted a series of presence activities along the Northwest Passage, which included presence patrols, water and air reconnaissance, and survival training.
• Northern Labrador, Nunavut and Greenland: From 8 August to 4 September 2018, about 300 CAF members were deployed on Operation NANOOK. These members participated in a maritime domain defence and security exercise. Her Majesty’s Canadian Ship (HMCS) Charlottetown and HMCS Kingston also visited a number of communities in the Arctic, strengthening our relationships with northern communities. CAF members worked alongside governmental partners and departments as well as international partners, including the Danish Navy.
• Yellowknife, Northwest Territories: From 17 to 21 September 2018, approximately 270 CAF members participated in a major air disaster exercise in Yellowknife alongside other government departments, non-governmental organizations, and private companies. The exercise involved soldiers, aviators, medical professionals, and support personnel. A CC-130 Hercules, a CH-146 Griffon, and a CH-149 Cormorant were involved.
• Yellowknife and Behchokǫ̀, Northwest Territories: From 21 to 28 September 2018, CAF members practiced natural disaster emergency response with military and civilian organizations. The training focused on helping the Government of the Northwest Territories and a number of local municipal and Indigenous government partners to exercise their emergency management plans. The CAF’s focus was to exercise how it would evacuate people in the event of a forest fire.
• In early May 2018, Canada hosted the Arctic Security Forces Roundtable in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Created in 2011, the Arctic Security Forces Roundtable seeks to promote regional understanding, dialogue, and cooperation within the Arctic nations. It brought together military and government leaders from seven Arctic states and four partner nations that are key to conducting operations in the Arctic. There were also academics who specialize in Defence and the Arctic. During the Arctic Security Forces Roundtable, partners discussed threats, challenges, and opportunities in the Arctic as well as conducting operations and building relationships with Indigenous Peoples.
• The three commands, NORAD^{Footnote xlvi}, the Canadian Joint Operations Command^{Footnote xlvii} (CJOC) and United States Northern Command^{Footnote xlviii} (USNORTHCOM) progressed the Evolution of North American Defence (EVONAD) study. EVONAD encompasses the analysis of current and future threats to North America across six domains (air, maritime, cyber, space, aerospace, and land) to find better ways of integrating Canadian and American capabilities, forces, and command and control structures to be better prepared to meet future defence challenges.
• Various NATO engagements took place during FY 2018-19, including during operations and exercises. For more information on NATO engagements, please visit the NATO^{Footnote xlix} webpage.
• In January 2019, the Canadian Army (CA) promulgated a three-year plan in the form of a Master Implementation Directive to enhance and expand the Canadian Rangers in select communities through the establishment of patrols, or additional sections within existing patrols, and to improve functional capabilities through Canadian Rangers Patrol Groups headquarters growth. During FY 2018-19, Canadian Rangers patrols grew from 180 to 186 and as of 31 March 2019, the total strength of the Canadian Rangers is 5,231 — a 2% increase since 31 March 2018.
• Work was progressed during FY 2018-19 in the construction of a docking and fuelling facility at Nanisivik, Nunavut, with an aim for the facility to reach full capability by 2020.
• The CAF Arctic Training Centre, operated on behalf of the CAF by the CA, has achieved all of the requirements outlined. The operations room is established and fully resourced. The CAF Arctic Training Centre is established in partnership with the Polar Arctic Shelf Program and linked into Joint Task Force North, the local community of Resolute, and the other government departments in the area.
• During FY 2018-19, the CA maintained its domestic Arctic operating concept, entitled “Northern Approaches: The Army Arctic Concept 2021”. While this concept remains broadly valid, it is being updated to bring the Army Arctic Strategy up to date with Strong, Secure, Engaged and other strategic documents. The concept is designed to support domestic Joint operations and activities such as Operation NANOOK, which is conducted annually and is the premier Joint Operation within Canada’s Arctic region.

For more information, refer to the Operation NANOOK^{Footnote l} webpage.

Results achieved

Departmental Result 1.4 – North America is defended against threats and attacks

• To ensure North America was defended, the CAF through NORAD processed, assessed, and shared intelligence and information related to man-made objects in the air domain to include aircraft, missiles, and space vehicles.
  • When required, the CAF through NORAD successfully detected, tracked, positively identified, and intercepted aircraft of interest approaching North America and flying within North American Airspace.
  • In close collaboration with other military organizations, intelligence communities, allies, and partners, the CAF through NORAD processed, assessed, and disseminated intelligence and information related to the maritime approaches and internal waterways of North America. Through these partnerships, NORAD developed a comprehensive shared understanding of maritime activities to identify potential maritime threats to North American security.
• In May 2018, in collaboration with Transport Canada, the Canadian Air Defence Identification Zone (CADIZ) was expanded to align with Canadian sovereign airspace. The newly aligned CADIZ covers the entirety of the Canadian Arctic archipelago and facilitates increased awareness of the air traffic approaching and operating in Canada’s sovereign airspace.
• Operation CARIBBE is Canada’s participation in Operation MARTILLO, the United States-led, global campaign against illicit trafficking in the Caribbean Sea and the eastern Pacific Ocean. The CAF contribution to stem the flow of illicit substances towards North America remained not only an effective means to disrupt the movement of narcotics, but constituted a significant engagement with our allies (the United States and Mexico’s Secretaría de Marina) and partner organizations (United States Coast Guard), strengthening our collaborative efforts to this mission. Although it has been challenging to measure with complete certainty the impact of this mission on substance trafficking at home, deployed vessels spent 185 days at sea and aircraft flew a total of 241 hours. Deployed assets disrupted a total of 17,000 kilograms (approximately 37,500 pounds) of illicit substances – the second largest quantity seized in the mission’s history – valued at approximately 750 million United States Dollars.

Results achieved

Departmental Result 1.5 – Canadian Armed Forces contribute to a more stable and peaceful world

During FY 2018-19, the CAF contributed to the following in support of NATO assurance and deterrence measures:

• Operation REASSURANCE refers to the military activities undertaken by the CAF to support NATO assurance and deterrence measures in Central and Eastern Europe. On 10 July 2018, The Prime Minister of Canada announced the renewal of Canada’s contribution to NATO’s enhanced Forward Presence (eFP) until March 2023. The CAF will also increase the number of members deployed to Latvia from 455 to 540;
• The CAF provides military capabilities for training, exercises, demonstrations, and assigned NATO tasks. CAF support to this NATO mission increased in scope, personnel and infrastructure. Canada was a significant contributor in NATO Land, Air, and Sea operations and exercises; and
• Throughout 2018, Canada chaired the NATO Military Intelligence Committee, demonstrating strategic leadership by leading intelligence reforms that improved the Alliance’s ability to achieve accelerated decision-making in support of planning, operations, and policy.

Operation REASSURANCE

Maritime Task Force: Operation REASSURANCE saw the deployment of the first Cyclone aircraft. The aircraft has proven to be a significant force multiplier and has expanded the reach and capabilities of the Standing NATO Maritime Group with which the CAF vessel is deployed.

Air Task Force Romania: Changes in posturing procedures resulted in a more efficient employment of air assets, resulting in an increase in the number of intercepts during the 2018 deployment. The Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) exceled at the Air Policing mission as a result of experiences gained through the execution of the NORAD collective defence mission sets. During this operation, cyber defence measures were incorporated into the DND/CAF mission order and procedures to mitigate against adversarial information operations. Air Task Force Romania has also been used to good efficiency by utilising the aircraft to support eFP training. Not only does this increase CAF presence in Europe, it also provides unique training opportunities and capabilities for the eFP battlegroup and the training/maintenance of Joint Terminal Attack Controller (JTAC) capabilities.

Land Task-Force: The CA members continued to lead the eFP Battlegroup Latvia. Comprised of military members from several nations and working as part of the Latvian Land Forces Infantry Brigade based at Camp Adazi, Latvia. Further, CAF personnel deployed with the Land Task-Force seized the opportunity of Canada’s framework contribution to further develop the Latvian Armed Forces as a strategic partner. Within this context, CAF members contributed to Latvian military enablement (e.g. courses, personnel exchanges, capability development).

• Based on the government’s announcement to rejoin NATO’s Airborne Warning and Control System program, Canada remained committed to playing a strong and constructive role in the world by making concrete contributions to international peace and security — including with the NATO.
  • Based on the recent announcement that Canada will rejoin the Alliance’s Airborne Warning and Control System program, the RCAF commenced preparations to provide aircrew and other personnel in support of operations to be based in Geilenkirchen, Germany.
  • Programs such as Alliance’s Airborne Warning and Control System, and the joint intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance it provides, are increasingly relevant in today’s security environment. In response to the challenges posed by that environment, NATO has significantly increased the use of its Alliance’s Airborne Warning and Control System operations, including in areas like Central and Eastern Europe where Canada is leading a multinational NATO battlegroup based in Latvia.
• Five CAF members continued their contribution to logistical and headquarters support functions in Pristina, Kosovo, on Operation KOBOLD. The Task Force Commander also serves as the chief of the NATO Joint Logistics Operation Center. Through planning and the conduction of various operations, mission rehearsals, and exercises, this mission has contributed to a safe and secure environment and the freedom of movement within Kosovo. A diplomatic solution remains ongoing. The CAF also takes part in Operation IGNITION NATO to support security efforts in Iceland on a periodic basis.
• The CAF continued to play a leadership role in Operation ARTEMIS, having just commanded Combined Task Force 150 during FY 2018-19 for the conduct of counter-terrorism and maritime security operations across the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean region. CAF, allies, and partner assets provide the means to deter illegal activity and enhance security. The CAF supported the disruption of an estimated $1.8 billion of illicit substances. More CAF assets and persistent Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance coverage would improve counter-narcotics and counter-terrorism operations.
• The CAF remained a committed partner to the multinational coalition to dismantle and defeat Daesh through Operation IMPACT. Most of the territory seized by Daesh has been reclaimed. The CAF contribution has shifted from air operations towards land centric Building Partner Capacity training of Iraqi, Jordanian, and Lebanese Defense Forces. Although still in its early stages, the number of training serials, as well as coalition, NATO, and partner nation buy-in to the training, has continued to grow throughout FY 2018-19. Within this context, the newly formed NATO Mission in Iraq has increased the upward trend and enhanced Iraqi Security Forces’ capacity to secure former Daesh strongholds. In Jordan and Lebanon, CAF Building Partner Capacity commitments contributed to the increasing success of both nations’ defence forces ability to reduce Daesh’s capacity to spread across the border. Challenges included higher use of the C-130J airframe than forecasted (three to five times higher demand) and had an after-effect need to take measures to defend the long-term effectiveness of this asset against asset fatigue; and, challenges related to obtaining sufficient country visas.
• Canadian Special Operations Forces engagements leveraged relationships with other government departments, allies, and partners to ensure a coordinated and collaborative approach to realize Government of Canada National Security and Defence objectives. They also maintained a global presence, deploying forces in the Middle East, the Caribbean, Africa, and South East Asia. Global engagements over the last year have covered a wide variety of activities, to include contributions to multinational coalitions, capacity building through bilateral and multinational forums, key leader engagements and multinational training activities as well as the maintenance of a strong international liaison network. In addition, the Canadian Special Operations Forces Command continued to support the Global Coalition to Counter Daesh through the provision of a Special Operations Task Force dedicated to training, advising, and assisting the Iraqi Security Forces.
• Operation UNIFIER is Canada’s contribution to support Ukrainian forces through capacity building, in coordination with the United States and other countries providing similar training. CAF members continued to support soldiers from the Security Forces of Ukraine (SFU) with security force training. 4,771 SFU (both Ukrainian Armed Forces and National Guard) were trained by CAF personnel during FY 2018-19. Over the course of the year, Operation UNIFIER leveraged the successes of previous rotations and increasingly focused on train-the-trainer courses, qualification standard development, and targeted training to facilitate the SFU’s transition towards a NATO interoperable standard. Having moved beyond basic training to train-the-trainer and mentoring, the focus is primarily on SFU combat capability enhancement and professional development at tactical and institutional levels through selected military initiatives: tactical training at mechanized brigade level, marksmanship, combat engineering, military policing, combat medical training, logistics modernization, and junior officer and non-commissioned officer professional development and leadership. Unfortunately, the attrition rate for these soldiers is over 60%, as many return to civilian occupations after their two-year conscription period.
• The CAF played an important role in United Nations peacekeeping in contribution to broader government objectives and whole-of-government efforts to prevent conflict, stabilize fragile situations and combat threats. Through the following capabilities we demonstrated our support to United Nations peace operations:
  • Operation PRESENCE is the CAF support to the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA). This is part of the Government of Canada’s overall efforts to help set conditions for durable peace, development, and prosperity in Mali. The operation began in August 2018;
  • As of 31 March 2019, Task Force-Mali had conducted eight medical evacuation missions since the beginning of its deployment on Operation PRESENCE. Seven of these were forward aeromedical evacuations in support of MINUSMA and one in support of Operation BARKHANE. Task Force-Mali’s CH-146 Griffon and CH-147 Chinook helicopters transported more than 5,700 passengers and moved more than 350,000 pounds (approximately 159,000 kilograms) of cargo in support of medical evacuation and deliberate utility aviation operations for MINUSMA. Since arriving in Mali, our CH-146 Griffons flew more than 1,850 hours, while the CH-147F Chinooks clocked-in 840 hours;
  • The CC-130J Hercules from the Tactical Airlift Detachment has flown more than 1,150 hours and transported more than 1.9 million pounds (approximately 862,000 kilograms) of cargo in support of Operation PRESENCE-Mali. The CC-130J aircraft does not conduct MINUSMA tasks but operates out of the interim operational support hub in Dakar, Senegal, in support of Task Force-Mali; and
  • This operation has provided key lessons learned for the future operational and tactical employment of Forward Air Evacuation Task-Force assets. Although primarily concerned with medical evacuations — all missions in support of MINUSMA were successful — the contribution of CH-146 Griffon and CH-147 Chinook helicopters provided MINUSMA with a very capable asset which enabled the extension of United Nations tactical reach into previously inaccessible communities. Further, the particularly high level of support provided to the contingents from Germany, France, and the Netherlands have served to bolster the Canadian relationship with these allies.
• The department continued to meet its commitment to develop and implement innovative training for peace operations by helping to enhance the overall effectiveness of United Nations operations, including through support for the Elsie Initiative for Women in Peace Operations:
  • The Elsie Initiative for Women in Peace operation is included in the Innovative Training line of Effort. It is a whole-of-government initiative aimed at developing, rolling out, and testing a combination of approaches to overcome barriers to women’s meaningful participation in United Nations peace operations; and
  • With regards to the Elsie Initiative, Global Affairs Canada (GAC) had identified Ghana as the partner nation for Canada in building defence capacity. Following this announcement, the CAF conducted an option analysis in the fall to define the CAF element(s) involving Canadian Training and Advisory Team deployment. It was determined that these Teams would initially conduct training support activities in Ghana.
• Activities were conducted by the CAF, including options analyses to identify specific United Nations requirements where CAF has particular niche expertise. CAF worked in conjunction with GAC to identify ways to complement GAC programming.
• DND/CAF continued to incorporate gender perspectives into defence planning. We also continued to integrate guidance provided from United Nations Security Council Resolutions (UNSCR), the Canadian National Action Plan on UNSCR 1325, NATO policy and guidance, and Government of Canada direction on GBA+ into CAF planning and operations and to expand into the wider CAF institution. In FY 2018-19, the following activities were completed in support of the Canadian National Action Plan:
  • The intra-departmental working group for the implementation of UNSCR 1325 met three times in order to share best practices, lessons learned, and challenges as we continued to advance gender mainstreaming in the DND/CAF; and
  • The CAF deployed Gender Advisors on Operation PRESENCE (Mali), Operation REASSURANCE (Latvia), NATO Mission Iraq, Operation UNIFIER (Ukraine), and Operation SOPRANO (South Sudan). All other CAF small missions established a senior Gender Focal Point to ensure the application and integration of gender perspectives in every operational theatre. Domestically, Gender Focal Points were identified on Operation LENTUS as well as other operations.
• The department has continued to collaborate with GAC to enable Canada’s contributions to a more stable and peaceful world through the delivery of Build Partner Capacity (BPC) initiatives. Specifically, DND has worked with GAC security programs, including the Anti-Crime Capacity Building Program, the Counter-Terrorism Capacity Building Program, the Peace and Stabilization Operations Program, and the Weapons Threat Reduction Program to implement BPC efforts globally. This includes, but is not limited to major operations such as Operation IMPACT (Middle East), Operation ACKEE (the Caribbean), and Operation UNIFIER (Ukraine). Additionally, BPC training has been amalgamated under a single operation (Operation EDIFICE ) to ensure efficiencies and better operational effects.
• Over the last year, substantial effort was placed on redefining the scope and operating area of Operation IMPACT. This has resulted in the expansion of the Joint Operation Area to include Lebanon and Jordan. Although the unification of these regional efforts has only recently come into effect, early indications of this more holistic approach are that greater efficiencies are anticipated. Beyond the operational benefits of regionalising efforts against Violent Extremist Organizations, this has had the departmental benefit of reducing expenditures by creating pan regional efficiencies.
• The CAF deployed many efforts in order to maintain domestic and international situational awareness. The CAF, with a view to optimise processes, continued to develop a more efficient way to assess intelligence production requirements and to manage intelligence collection activities in support of all Canadian operations. Furthermore, the coordination throughout all levels of intelligence in the CAF has improved, leading to better use of analytical resources in a credible and timely manner. The Joint Targeting Intelligence Centre crossed new milestones toward its full operational capability by operationalizing their processing, exploitation, and dissemination cycle. To address the connectivity and relationship with our allies, the CAF Canadian Joint Operations Command deployed new intelligence liaison officers with NATO and United States Commands for Europe and Africa.

More information on current Operations can be found here: Military operations^{Footnote liii} .

Results achieved

Budgetary financial resources (dollars)

Human resources (full-time equivalents)