Appendix E: Upper-bounding Estimates of Oral Exposure to HBCD from Mouthing Flame-retarded Cushion or Upholstered Furniture
Introduction
- Synopsis
- Introduction
- Substance Identity
- Physical and Chemical Properties
- Sources
- Uses
- Sources of Release
- Environmental Fate
- Persistence and Bioaccumulation Potential
- Potential to Cause Harm to Human Health
- Characterization of Risk to Human Health
- Proposed Conclusion
- References
- Tables
- Appendix A: Modelled Degradation, Bioaccumulation and Aquatic Toxicity Data for 1,5,9-Cyclododecatriene
- Appendix B: Derivation of Predicted Exposure Concentrations ( PECs) for Pelagic and Benthic Organisms Using a Fugacity Level III Box Model
- Appendix C: Robust Study Summary Forms for Key HBCD Studies
- Appendix D: Upper-bounding Estimates of Daily Intake of HBCD by Canadians
- Appendix E: Upper-bounding Estimates of Oral Exposure to HBCD from Mouthing Flame-retarded Cushion or Upholstered Furniture
| Consumer product scenario | Assumptions | Estimated exposure |
|---|---|---|
Oral mouthing of HBCD flame-retarded cushion or upholstered furniture |
Infants 0-6 months old Default values from Environ (2003a, 2003b) for ingestion from mouthing. Water solubility of HBCD is 8.6 µg /L, salivary flow rate in a child’s mouth (Vs) is 0.22 mL/min, fractional rate of extraction by saliva (FR) is 0.038, absorption factor by the oral route (AF0) is 0.5, exposure frequency mouthing behaviour (EFmouth) is 9 min/day (Environ 2003a, 2003b), infant body weight of 7.5 kg (Health Canada 1998). Dose rate = [WS x Vs x FR x AF0 x EF mouth x 1]/bw = [8.6 µg/L x 0.22 ml/min x 0.001 L/mL x 0.05 x 0.5 x 9min/day x 1]/7.5 kg = 5.6 x 10-5 µg/kg-bw per day |
5.6 x 10-5 µg/kg-bw per day |
Oral mouthing of HBCD flame-retarded cushion or upholstered furniture |
Toddlers 6 months to 4 years of age Default values from Environ (2003a, 2003b) for ingestion from mouthing. Water solubility of HBCD is 8.6 µg /L, salivary flow rate in a child’s mouth (Vs) is 0.22 mL/min, fractional rate of extraction by saliva (FR) is 0.038, absorption factor by the oral route (AF0) is 0.5, exposure frequency mouthing behaviour (EFmouth) is 9 min/day (Environ 2003a, 2003b), toddler body weight of 15.5 kg (Health Canada 1998). Dose rate = [WS x Vs x FR x AF0 x EF mouth x 1]/bw = [8.6 µg/L x 0.22 mL/min x 0.001 L/mL x 0.05 x 0.5 x 9min/day x 1]/15.5 kg = 2.7 x 10-5 µg/kg-bw per day |
2.7 x 10-5 µg/kg-bw per day |
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